2. Active voice & passive voice
By :Mehak Iqbal ,
Roll no : 23021519-166
Department of Computer Science
Guidance : Rozina Shamas Ma’am
3. What is the voice of verb?
The voice of verb expresses weather the subject in the sentence has performed or receive
The action.
Example:
The watchman opens the door.
The door is opened by watchman.
Types of voice
1. Active voice
2. Passive voice
4. INTRODUCTION
Active voice:
When an action performed by the subject is expressed by the verb, it is an active voice.
Active voice is used when more straightforward relation and clarity is required between subject an the
verb.
An action performed by subject and related to object .
In active voice : subject perform the action and object receive the action.
For example: “Ali repaired my car”. In this example the subject “Ali” performs an action and object “car”
receives the action.
5. Introduction
Passive voice:
When the action expressed by the verb is received by the subject It is the passive voice. Passive
voice is used when the doer of the action is not known and the focus of sentence is on the action
and not on the subject.
In passive voice : an action is performed on the object by the subject. Its sentence structure is
given as :
O + H.V + 3ŔD FORM OF VERB + BY + S
For example : Ali repaired my car. Its passive is “ my car was repaired by Ali”.
In this example an action is performed on the object by the subject.
6. Reason to use passive voice
There are two reasons for using passive voice.
1. If you want to give less importance to the subject .
2. And focus more in action and the receiver of the action.
7. How to convert active to passive?
Five rules to convert active to passive :
• Subject, object and verb identification
• Subject to object and object to subject conversion
• Convert verb into 3rd form
• Add proper helping verb before
• Add preposition “by”.
8. Table of pronoun
First person 2nd person 3rd person
I
He
She
It
Me
His
Her
It
Mine
Him
Her’s
It
We
They
You
Our
Them
You
Ours
Their
You
9. Active: Subject + first form of the verb + object
Passive: Object + is/am/are + past participle form of the verb +
by + subject
10. Simple Present:
- Active: The chef prepares a delicious meal.
- Passive: A delicious meal is prepared by the chef.
Simple present tense
11. Present continuous tense
Present Continuous:
- Active: They are building a new house.
- Passive: A new house is being built by them
12. Present perfect tense
Present perfect tense
Active :- I have eaten a burger.
Passive:- A burger has been eaten by me.
13. Active: Subject + past tense form of the verb + object
Passive: Object + was/were + past participle form of the verb +
by + subject
14. Simple past tense
Simple Past:
- Active: She wrote an interesting book.
- Passive: An interesting book was written by her.
15. Past Continuous:
- Active: We were watching a movie.
- Passive: A movie was being watched by us
Past continuous tense
16. Past perfect tense
6. **Past Perfect:**
- Active: They had already finished their
homework.
- Passive: Their homework had already been
finished by them~
17. Active: Subject + will/shall + first form of the verb + object
Passive: Object + will/shall + be + past participle form of the
verb
+ by + subject
18. Simple future tense
Future Simple:
- Active: She will design a new website.
• - Passive: A new website will be designed
by her
19. Future perfect tense
.
Future perfect
- Active: By next year, they Will have completed the
construction of the new building.
- Passive: By next year, the construction of the new building
will have been completed by them.
20. No passive voice
• Future continuous and perfect continuous can not be converted
into passive voice .
• The sentences which do not have Direct object or intransitive verb
can not be converted into passive voice.
• If there are two different sentences and have transitional devices are
also not be converted into passive.
• Sentence containing present participle have no passive.
21. Example of No passive sentences
Examples:-
1. It is raining.
This sentence has no passive
Reason:-
It has present participle and no direct object.
2. Ali is working hard but he could not get through the exams.
This sentence has no passive
Reason:-
Because of two different sentences and transitional device.
