The Semester Project for Government 2305ContentsAbout the Semeste.docx

The Semester Project for Government 2305Contents:
About the Semester Project
The Annotated Bibliography
Written Assignment Caveat
Semester Project Caveat
Table of Consequences
About The Semester Project
This course requires a long-term investigative project. This
project will require the formation of teams. As a team you will
be asked to
defend a claim about a relevant political concept or
phenomenon, and to connect
each of the following cultural artifacts to a concept or
set of related concepts addressed in this course:
·
· An event
· A film
· A book or short story
· A painting
· A sculpture
· A musical composition
This project must include an explanatory essay and a
presentation, which you will turn in as a team. The explanatory
essay must conform either to MLA format or the Chicago
Manual of Style, and be of sufficient length to incorporate each
of the examples listed above. Depending on the size of your
team, the minimum page length shall vary as follows:
· For a single author, the minimum length shall be 12 full pages

in standard manuscript form.
The presentation must involve every member of your team, and
must be presented in the session during Finals Week.
Unlike other information tasks in this course, the Semester
Project is an Open Task rather than a Direct Task (Please see
the Big6 Information Literacy presentation for details about the
difference). You and your team are asked to construct your
topic together. In the past, successful teams have built their
project in a variety of ways. Some have connected their project
in Government to their own specific fields of study or interest.
Others have synthesized two or three thematic areas from the
list of content themes appearing on page 3 of this document.
Remember also that for this project, the article you and your
team compose should be a unified article, in that the reader
should not be able easily to tell where one author ends and
another begins; that is, if you have more than one member of
your team.
This Project
mustinclude the following:
·
A single discernible thesis. This is the main idea of
your project. This thesis
must be either
analytical or
expository in nature. It may serve an argumentative or
persuasive purpose. However, the essay must conform to the
Universal Intellectual Standards outlined by the
Foundation for Critical Thinking.
·
An appropriate thesis. Your team must relate the above

cultural artifacts to a theme or concept in this course. In
Federal Government, this means a topic connected to any of the
following:
·
·
· Political theory or philosophy
· Political culture or Ideology
· US Constitutional Principles
· US Constitutional Provisions
· Themes of the US Constitution
· Federalism
· Public Opinion
· Political Socialization
· Information media
· Interest Groups
· Political parties
· Campaigns
· Elections
· The US Congress
· The Presidency
· Federal bureaucracies
· Federal court systems
· Members of any institution
· Public Policy Critique
· Public Policy Commentary
·
·
All text connected to the thesis. Do not pad any essay
with irrelevant information. While it appears on the surface to
improve page length, irrelevant information does nothing to
support your thesis.
·
Evidence to support the thesis. There are five classes

of evidence: Facts, Authority, Logic,
Statistics, and Experience. Logic is required. Your
project must make sense.
At least two other forms of evidence should be included
to balance your support. Your evidence must be specific, and it
must be enough to support your thesis. You must consult
primary and secondary sources to find it.
·
Complete Citations. Academic writing contains two
classes of source documentation:
In-text citation: Parenthetical references, footnotes, or
endnotes to the following: Direct quotations, indirect
quotations, paraphrases, and summaries of referenced sources
End-of-Text citation: Bibliographies, Annotated
Bibliographies, Reference Lists, or “Works Cited” pages
YOU MUST HAVE BOTH. Be as specific as possible when
citing sources, especially if you use online sources. Simply
citing a URL is not a specific citation. Consult your style
manual if you do not know how to document a specific source.
When to make an in-text citation:
Every single time you have to look something up to write it in
your paper, you must cite it in the body of your paper.
IF YOU USE WORDS OR IDEAS THAT ARE NOT YOUR
OWN, YOU MUST CITE THEM WITH IN-TEXT CITATIONS.
WARNING:
Failure to cite
every sentence or idea that is not your own is
plagiarism.

If you do it you will fail the course. (See DCCCD Policies,
section 1 of the course syllabus.)
·
Credible sources. Do not trust a single source’s claim
unless you can independently verify that claim. Also, certain
sources should not be used in college-level work. For the most
part these sources are general reference sources such as
dictionaries and encyclopedias.
DO NOT USE a dictionary, encyclopedia, textbook or other
generic reference material as a credible source for this essay.
DO NOT USE any edition of the
Opposing Viewpoints series, either. They are
designed for middle school, not college.
·
Balanced sources. Sources in politics frequently make
biased claims in order to persuade or call to action. Do not fall
into the trap of selective observation. If evidence exists to
contradict a source’s claim, find it, use it, and cite it.
The Annotated Bibliography
This Assignment may be included with your Semester Project,
but will not count towards the minimum page length. It consists
of
critical annotated bibliography to be attached to your semester
project. These are the standards for this assignment:
You must have at least five academic, scholarly sources for
your project. You must annotate your end-of-text citations by
answering each of the following questions about each source:

·
Purpose: What is the central aim of the source you are
reading? What is the author trying to accomplish?
·
Questions: What question is the author raising? What
question does the author address?
·
Information: What information or evidence is the author
of the source using to support his/her claim?
·
Inferences/Conclusions: What conclusions does the
author make? How did the author reach the conclusion
he/she/makes? Is there another way to interpret the information
or evidence?
·
Concepts: What is the main idea of the source? Please
explain this idea.
·
Assumptions: What is the author taking for granted?
What assumptions led the author to reach his/her conclusion?
·
Implications: What consequences result if one accepts
the author’s position? What consequences result if one fails to
accept the author’s position? What is the author implying?
·
Points of View: From what point of view is the author
looking at the issue? What are the author’s biases? Is there
another valid point of view one should consider?

Each annotation entry must be in paragraph form, not a bullet
list. Your annotations must be clear, accurate, precise, and
logical. You must include your annotations with your essay or
presentation. Please see the example annotation below for
reference. Do not merely substitute text from the example
below. The form of your answers to the above questions will
likely differ from those in the example.
Machan, Tibor R.
The Passion for Liberty. Lanham, MD: Rowman &
Littlefield, Inc., 2003.
Tibor Machan aims to defend the basic tenets of
ideological libertarianism through the lens of axiological
critique, and to answer criticism from conservative and liberal
detractors. Drawing from sources in political thought such as
John Locke, Adam Smith, Ayn Rand, and Robert Nozick, he
concludes that libertarianism itself is most consistent with the
principles of the American founding, and connects the concepts
of individualism and personal liberty with the natural rights
argument from the Declaration of Independence. Machan
assumes that readers are generally familiar both with the natural
rights argument and the competing theories of justice proffered
by John Rawls and Robert Nozick. Accepting Machan’s
position carries significant ethical consequences for citizens and
government. A citizen who aligns himself with Machan would
argue for a highly limited government, one which generally
stays out of the affairs of individual citizens, except when a
manifest injury is claimed by one citizen against another.
Machan further implies that the Rawlsian doctrine of “Justice as
Fairness” not only fails to take into account the need for
individual autonomy within a political community, but that
Rawls’ theory of justice is, at its core,
unjust from a natural rights point of view. Machan

likely draws his hard-line libertarianism from a reaction to his
personal experience as a subject of the repressive communist
regime of late 20th Century Hungary, where individual liberty
was forcibly diminished for the sake of state-sponsored social
and economic equality of condition.
WARNING:
The following HAVE NO PLACE IN ANY WRITTEN
ASSIGNMENT.
·
“Etc.” This is an abbreviation of “et cetera”, which
means “and others”. It is non-specific and imprecise. Using “et
cetera” betrays either profound laziness or else a general lack of
knowledge about the subject area under scrutiny—usually it
means both. May it never cross a single page bearing your
name. Lose it.
·
“How” questions answered with “because”. “How” asks
for methods, manners, modes or processes, not causes. “Why”
questions ask for causes. This lesson should have been learned
by the 3rd Grade. If you are unable to make this distinction,
maybe you should go back there.
·
“Feels” instead of “thinks” or “believes”. Feeling,
strictly speaking, denotes either the tactile sense or an
emotional sentiment. It cannot denote anything related either to
cognition or opinion. For example, the signers of the
Declaration of Independence did not ‘feel’ that all men were
created equal, they believed it. One can

feel pain, pleasure, anger, sadness, or joy, but one can
not feel that their rights are in danger. Feeling has
nearly nothing to do with
thought. Abandon this nonsensical usage and start
actually thinking for once. We’re trying to work with ideas
here, not emotions.
·
“To a certain extent.” To what extent? Please specify
exactly what extent a concept or behavior or other phenomenon
is carried out. “To a certain extent”, when used without
showing
exactly what that extent is demonstrates sloppy,
imprecise thinking, and is often used at best to hide the fact that
you haven’t thoroughly explored the topic in question, and at
worst to hide the fact that you don’t know what you’re even
talking about.
·
Equivocation: This is when a response does nothing but
repeat the concept tested in the question, or when the response
is equivalent to “it is so because it is so”. When you
equivocate, you are saying exactly
nothing, and your response will be treated accordingly.
·
Unlabeled diagrams. Like “etc.,” an unlabeled diagram
does not demonstrate any real knowledge of the topic addressed
by the question. An unlabeled diagram suggests that while you
remember the shape of an object, you do not know what that
object represents. In fact, it demonstrates that you might not
even be able to write at all.

·
Incorrect spelling, usage, mechanics or grammar. It is
my sincere hope that one day you wish to be taken seriously by
people who do not know you. The primary method by which
this is accomplished is through written communication. If you
distract the reader with egregious spelling, questionable
grammar, poor diction, or ill-used punctuation, you will
guarantee that no one will take you seriously.
WARNING:
The Following Have NO PLACE IN YOUR SEMESTER
PROJECT.
·
Encyclopedia sources. Was the Semester Project
assignment sheet not obvious enough for you? “DO NOT USE a
dictionary, encyclopedia, textbook or other generic reference
material as a credible source for this essay.” That means: No
Britannica, No Americana, No Encarta, No Collier’s, No
Wikipedia—None of That. Encyclopediae (And yes, that
is the correct plural construction)
are not college-level sources.
·
The
Opposing Viewpoints series.
Also
not college-level research material. I know they were
nice to have way back in the 7th and 8th grade, but let’s get
real, folks. The
Opposing Viewpoints series is a collection of articles

cobbled together from the
real sources in order to familiarize middle school
students with controversial issues. You are not a middle school
student anymore, and you should no longer need that crutch. If
you base your argument on
Opposing Viewpoints sources, you will inevitably
commit the logical fallacy of the Excluded Middle, as well as
relying too much on some editor telling you how to think about
a particular issue. The statements in
OV might have been taken out of context. The editor
might have purposely misrepresented positions that are not
nearly as “opposed” as the surface treatment would suggest.
Please think for yourself, and don’t take
OV as an authoritative edition of any source. Go to the
original source itself. If you decide to start with
OV, just look at the sources from which they’re taken,
and follow the trail to the original source.
·
Textbooks. Textbooks, while generally written for
college courses, are technically general reference texts, and
(believe it or not) are written
below the expected reading level of college-level
research. Furthermore, textbooks (especially Survey Textbooks
such as the one used for this course) are only capable of
offering a surface treatment of the subject matter included
therein. With a few exceptions, if you are relying on a textbook
for your research into your topic,
you’re not looking deeply enough.
·
“Naked URL”. Naked URL is an ugly, ugly man. I
don’t want to look at Naked URL. Seriously, though, a Naked
URL is a URL which stands alone, without any reference to the
Author of the Page, the Title of the Article itself, the Party or

Publisher Responsible for the Article, the Date it was Posted, or
the Date it was Accessed.
You need all of these in a source documentation entry.
Without this additional information, your reader will have no
idea what this source is, and if the page is moved to another
server, the reader will not be able to find it. All he’ll have to
go on is a Dead Naked URL. Yuck.
·
The Author’s Abstract. The assignment for the
annotated bibliography calls for a critical description of each
source, identifying the author’s Purpose in writing it, the
Questions raised or addressed by the source, the Information or
evidence the author uses, the Inferences or Conclusions he
reaches, the unifying Concepts in the source, the author’s
Assumptions, the Implications of either accepting or rejecting
the author’s position, and the Point of View, the Angle, or the
Biases the author maintains. An abstract written by the author
presents a summary of the source, but does not necessarily
include all of these points. Furthermore, simply copying the
author’s work and passing it off as your own is a form of
academic dishonesty known as Plagiarism.
Take note:If you try this, you will fail the course.
·
First Names. Unless you know the author personally,
and are writing in an informal context,
never under any circumstances use the author’s first
name in your text. To do so in anything more formal than a
personal letter or a relaxed conversation is actually an insult.
We use first names in class because the class is intended to be a
relaxed conversation. Whenever we engage with semi-formal or
formal writing, we always defer to surnames.

Table of Consequences
IF YOU:
THEN YOU
Copy four or more words in a row from a source
Must place the text in quotation marks and include an in-text
citation
Copy a portion of or an entire paragraph from a source
Must offset the paragraph into a “block quotation” and include
an in-text citation
Use quotation marks anywhere in your paper
Must follow it with an in-text citation
Copy four or more words in a row from a source without
quotation marks
Commit Plagiarism
Copy a portion of or an entire paragraph from a source without
a block quotation
Commit Plagiarism
Copy any text verbatim without in-text citation
Commit Plagiarism
Have no citations of any kind
Have cited no works, and may have committed plagiarism
Have a “Works Cited” Page (or equivalent), but no in-text
citations
Have cited no works, and may have committed plagiarism
COMMIT PLAGIARISM INTENTIONALLY
Fail the Course
COMMIT PLAGIARISM UNINTENTIONALLY
Fail the Project
Have in-text citations, but no “Works Cited” page (or
equivalent)
Have Faulty Citation
Have a list of URLs for a “Works Cited” page, but no authors,
titles, publishers, posting dates, or access dates
Have Faulty Citation

HAVE FAULTY CITATION
Cannot score higher than a 70% on the Project
Use Encarta as a source
Are using an Encyclopedia
Use Wikipedia as a source
Are using an Encyclopedia
Use the
Opposing Viewpoints Series
Are using a source that is not college-level
Use sources that are not college-level
Have no real research
Use PPTs from this course as sources
Use your Textbook as a source
Use test reviews from this or any other course as sources
HAVE NO REAL RESEARCH
Cannot score higher than a 70% on the Project
Use an Encyclopedia, dictionary, textbook, or general reference
as a primary source
Fail the Project
Importance of Nanotechnology in Medicine and Challenges for
The Future of Nanomedicine
Bibhusit Hamal, Department of Computer Science and
Information System, A&M-Commerce
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to describe about the
importance of nanomedicine in future and What Challenges are
being identified by the public in relation to nanotechnology
medicine?
1.
Abstract:
1.

Keywords: nanotechnology in medicine, diseases, future
medicine, Public
1.
Introduction: The history of nanomedicine and how it
came into existence.
1.
How are the medical applications of nanotechnology
being used in a public
1.
How are public considering nanotechnology in medicine
as a future medicine
1.
How are public facing benefits and risks with
nanomedicine
1.
History of nanotechnology:
1.
Understanding Nano technology in medicine
a) The main uses of nanomedicine to
public
b) Advantage and disadvantage of nanomedicine
c) challenges and opportunities for the future of nanomedicine
·
precise drug delivery
·
Drug discovery
·
Scarcity of Nanomedicine talent
·
Large scale Nanomedicine production
1.
Conclusion

1.
References
The potential and the pitfalls of nanomedicine (nanowerk.com)
Infographic: The Future of Nanotechnology in Medicine
(visualcapitalist.com)
8 of The Most Important Applications of Nanotechnology in
Biology and Medicine (scientificworldinfo.com)
History and Possible uses of Nanomedicine Based on
Nanoparticles and Nanotechnological Progress
(walshmedicalmedia.com)
Nanotechnology in Medicine: Challenges and Opportunities for
Future Nanomedicine (industrywired.com)
This URL describes about exploring the economic impact of
nanotechnology in medicine. Nanotechnology, in the field of
medicine, has the potential to revolutionize drug delivery, gene
therapy, diagnostics, and other areas of research, development
and clinical application.
What Is Nanotechnology? | National This URL describes about
what it is and how it is start.
Nanotechnology Initiative
An artificial retina that could help restore sight to the blind |
Stanford University School of Engineering
Bionic Technology Offers Hope for Paralyzed | Live Science
Potential risks and benefits of nanotechnology: perceptions of
risk in sunscreens | The Medical Journal of Australia
(mja.com.au)
[PDF] Ethical Issues in Nanomedicine (researchgate.net)
The benefits of nanotechnology (carrington.edu)
The consolidation of nanomedicine - PMC (nih.gov)
Nanomedicine: Past, present and future – A global perspective -
ScienceDirect
(PDF) NANOMEDICINE (researchgate.net)
Title: Importance of nanotechnology in medicine and challenges
for the future of nanomedicine

I) Introduction:
Nanotechnology, commonly shortened to nanotech, is a new
field with most applications still under research. Nanotech tries
to use matter on a supramolecular, molecular, and atomic level
for industrial purposes. The early nanotechnology focused on
manipulating nanotechnology atomic and molecular particles to
create macroscale products. Nanotechnology is mostly still in
research, and it will be interesting to see where it heads.
Currently, nanotech is applied in many fields ranging from
manufacturing to medicine. Nanoparticles can be organic,
inorganic, or biological. They can be engineered in the lab or
exist in nature. Examples of nanoparticles in nature include
smoke, volcanic ash, and salt particles among others.
II) Body:
1. How are the medical applications of nanotechnology being
used in a public
· If you are diabetic, you have to inject insulin several times, or
have a cancer or carrying a side effect of chemotherapy.
· The 8 most important application of nanotechnology which is
all related to diseases prevention and medical care.
· Applications for nanotechnology in medicine include images,
diagnosis and delivery drugs that will help in treatment of
people.
2. How are public considering nanotechnology in medicine as a
future medicine
· Nanotechnology is the engineering of functional systems at the
molecular level. The field combines elements of physics and
molecular chemistry with engineering.
· create artificial digital retinas that can be implanted in the eye
to allow the blind to see again.
· A technology called epidural spine simulation, which involves
implanting a device that sends electrical signals to the spine,
has proven especially effective on paralyzed people.
3. How are public facing benefits and risks with nanomedicine
· Beyond the issue of safety lies the question of society’s

ethical use of nanotechnology.
· Benefits for health and the environment are offered by
nanotechnology.
· The use of nanotechnology can potentially elongate the life of
fruits and vegetables.
III) Conclusion:
The findings presented here imply that increasing scientific
effort and financing for medical applications of nanotechnology
seem to be justified by the public's optimism about this field of
study. Additionally, it requires that toxicologists, decision-
makers, journalists, businesspeople, and others engage in a
more responsible dialogue with the public about the nature and
ramifications of this new technology platform.
Abstract:
Over the past two decades, nanomedicine has grown steadily,
however, without inducing a palpable shift in the diagnosis and
treatment of diseases so far. While this may simply be a
consequence of the slow, incremental nature that characterizes
many modern technologies, this article posits that there is
another set of significant factors harboring explanatory power.
Uncertainties concerning safety, regulatory, and ethical
requirements may have prompted innovators to stay close to the
known and approved, eventually at the cost of innovating in
unexplored alleys. Network analysis of all nanomedicine patents
in the United States reveals that nanomedicine has indeed rather
consolidated than expanded. We detail a set of
recommendations that would reduce the uncertainty prevailing
in nanomedicine and could contribute to pushing new
boundaries.
Nanotechnology has changed the technology field a lot and also
there has been changes in the field of nanotechnology, since
medicine have started to adopt it. These days the use of
nanotechnology in medicine has become more usual in medical
lines. It helps to get faster way to get cure for diseases such as
cardiovascular.
Nanomedicine is an emerging and rapidly evolving field and

includes the use of nanoparticles for diagnosis and therapy of a
variety of diseases, as well as in regenerative medicine. In this
mini-review, leaders in the field from around the globe provide
a personal perspective on the development of nanomedicine.
The focus lies on the translation from research to development
and the innovation supply chain, as well as the status of
nanomedicine in industry. The role of academic professional
societies and the importance of government funding are
discussed. Nanomedicine to combat infectious diseases of
poverty is highlighted along with other pertinent examples of
recent breakthroughs in nanomedicine. Taken together, this
review provides a unique and global perspective on the
emerging field of nanomedicine.
The Nanotechnology is being used in developing countries to
help and treat disease conditions and prevent health care issues.
The common term of nanotechnology is Nan medicine. The
Nanomedicine is a branch of medicine which applies the
knowledge and tools of nanotechnology to the prevention and
treatment of disease conditions. The Nanomedicine involves the
use of nanoscale materials, such as biocompatible nanoparticles
and nanorobots, for the diagnosis of the disease, delivery of the
drug, for sensing or actuation purposes in living organisms. The
Nanomedicine is the application of nanotechnology, which often
described as technologies under 1000 nm, in the health care
sciences. Well, the researchers have been using nanomedicine to
the target microbes, with an appropriate result in vitro and as a
potential innovation to the field of antimicrobials. In these
studies, followed, as clinical trials started to appear, and a
movement of clinical translation is initiating in the field of
antimicrobial nanomedicine.
Introduction
The term "nanotechnology" was first used by Japanese scientist

Norio Taniguchi in a 1974 paper on production technology that
creates objects and features on the order of a nanometer. K. Eric
Drexler was an American engineer who is best known for his
work on the development of the molecular machine. In 1955,
Watson was credited with developing molecular
nanotechnology, which led to the development of nano systems
machinery manufacturing. The invention of scanning tunneling
microscopes (STMs) in the 1980s by IBM scientists and then the
atomic force microscope allowed scientists to see materials at
an unprecedented atomic level. Computer technology has
improved so much in recent years that large-scale simulations of
material systems are now possible using supercomputers. These
studies explored the nanoscale structure and properties of
materials. Throughout the 1990s and early 2000s, most
industrialized nations created nanotechnology programs, which
led to a widespread proliferation of nanotechnology activities.
Nanomedicine is a relatively new science. Nanotechnology has
only recently been investigated as a potential tool for medicine,
medical technology, and pharmacology. Much of the research
has been carried out since the 1990s, but there is still much to
be learned about the potential benefits and limitations of this
technology.
Nanotechnology is a relatively new technology that is only in
its early stages of development. Microscopy has had a
significant impact on biology, physics, and chemistry
throughout the 20th century. It has spawned new disciplines,
such as microelectronics, biochemistry, and molecular biology.
For nanomedicine, the knowledge about cells' structures and
functions is especially important. This includes understanding
how cells interact with each other and how they communicate.
This research only became possible in the early 20th century
with the invention of innovative microscopes. The influx
specifies us accompanying the facts on in what way or manner
the nanotechnology has damaged the globe and effects on
people. The more we are numbering to the future we are

utilizing and constituting benefits established nanotechnology.
The use of nanomedicine has established different medicines for
uncured treatments. Nanomedicine refers to very specific
medical invasion at the molecular level for curing affliction or
repairing damaged tissues. Modern nanotechnology is an
interdisciplinary science concerning the tiniest of particles and
their special chemical, physical and mechanical properties at the
meeting points of physics, chemistry, biology, medicine,
electronics, and information technology. In practice the special
areas of nanotechnology overlap and blur the boundaries
between the natural sciences. Nanobiotechnology is concerned
with molecular intra- and intercellular processes and is of
critical importance for nanotechnology applications in
medicine. This manifests itself in the diverse interplay between
medically relevant nanotechnologies and possible
nanobiotechnology applications in human medicine. The
expectations of the diagnostic, therapeutic and regenerative
possibilities of nanomedicine are immense. They are directed at
inexpensive rapid tests for genetic predisposition, viral
infection and the first signs of diseases long before symptoms
manifest themselves, at medicines and vaccines without side
effects, at treatment of cancer, cardiovascular diseases and
neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s
diseases, at establishing long-lasting, well-tolerated organ
implants, at targeted control of cell and tissue growth and at
stimulation of neuronal activities.
How are the medical applications of nanotechnology being used
in a public?
In truth, nanomedicine is the use of nanotechnology to the
diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of human diseases. If
widely adopted, nanomedicine will fundamentally alter the
practice of medicine and surgery. The following points can be
used by doctors if nanotechnology is applied in laboratories and
hospitals are as follows, one of the most popular applications of
nanotechnology for many people is cancer therapy. There have
been numerous significant developments in nanotechnology for

colon and prostate cancer detection and treatment. The idea is to
directly treat cancer cells by delivering medications inside of
them using small molecules called nanoparticles, which won't
harm healthy cells or tissues.
This, however, is only one method for curing cancer that
involves nanotechnology. There are a few microscopic tools and
techniques that can be utilized in camera scanning to identify,
describe, and detect proteins utilizing dyes and gold particles,
but the issue is that they are frequently time-consuming and
inefficient. For the bioengineering and biomedical industries,
information gleaned through protein-protein interactions (PPIs)
can be a gold mine. As researchers work to lessen the proteins
that cause cancer cells to spread throughout the body and thrive,
it is conceivable to create tiny sensors utilizing nanotechnology
to detect PPIs in blood serum. Tissue plasminogen activator
(TPA), an intravenous drug that dissolves clots in the arterial
wall and improves blood flow in the affected area, has been the
subject of laboratory studies in mice that have demonstrated
how the use of nanoparticles to deliver the drug can reduce the
required dose of the drug, which lowers the risk of side effects.
This is accomplished by affixing the chemical to groups of
nanoparticles, which break apart and release the medication
only in the area that is harmed.
How are public considering nanotechnology in medicine as a
future medicine?
The creation of molecularly level functioning systems is known
as nanotechnology. To benefit from special qualities that occur
at the nanoscale, the field blends principles of engineering with
physics and molecular chemistry. Here are a few ways that
nanotechnology is influencing medical care in the future: The
most recent FDA-approved smart pill that keeps track of when
medication was taken is an illustration of this technology in
action. The product enables users to track their own medication
history using a smartphone or to let doctors and caregivers’
access to that information online. It is approved for adults with
schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Any advancement in the

treatment of cancer will have a significant influence on society
because over 40% of people will be diagnosed with the disease
at some point in their lifetime. One of the main problems with
traditional chemotherapy and radiation treatments is that
healthy cells in the body may suffer collateral damage as a
result of the procedure. Because of this, scientists are trying to
use nanoparticles to specifically target cancer cells. Millions of
people's lives have been enhanced by medical implants like
knee and hip replacements, however one issue with these
implants is the possibility of infection and inflammation
following surgery. In many instances, infection symptoms are
not recognized until it is too late, which makes therapy less
successful or necessitates total implant replacement. Nanoscale
sensors that are built right into the implant or its surroundings
could find infections much earlier. It might be able to treat an
infected area as soon as an infection appears when tailored drug
delivery technology improves. Such instances highlight the
genuine potential of nanotechnology in the medical industry.
Soon, real-time treatment delivery and data collection from
inside the body might transcend science.
How are public facing benefits and risks with nanomedicine?
The absorbability has been improved using nanotechnology.
Drugs that are absorbed too quickly and eliminated from the
body as waste before a course of treatment may be effective can
also be treated with nanomedicine. Nanomedicine has the
potential to lengthen the duration that a drug is active in the
body. Drugs used to treat cancer must be properly targeted in
order to prevent harm to the nearby healthy cells.
Nanotherapeutics have the potential to increase medication
target specificity as well as decrease drug volume, preventing
the issue of buildup in healthy tissue. Beyond the concern for
safety, there is the problem of how society should employ
nanotechnology. Professor John Eckert of the Centre for
Applied Philosophy and Public Ethics claims that there have
been many concerns expressed about the morality of using
nanomedicine. In this fervent discussion, ethical issues include

informed consent, risk assessment, toxicity, and human
enhancement are only a few of the issues raised.
Conclusion:
We can already see the potential of nanomedicine and what we
can create through it. The massive potential
of nanomedicine can change the world differently. It also has
the potential to create a better world. The most
important thing is that humans cannot let machines take over
many tasks that humans do. Also,
cannot let nanotechnology get out of hand. Although there
might be advantages and disadvantages of nanomedicine, the
impact of nanomedicine on the global hospitals and medical
field is undeniable.
Nanomedicine is also creating a better world for patients with
incurable. The advancement of user
engagement through medicine has been more effective which
allows more pleasant user experience for
the user. The collection of data has also helped different
marketing medical fields in gaining more
profits every day. With the collection of data medical
companies have been able to analyze
their sales, profits, and margins easily. Organized and relevant
data the companies can be able to
help customers according to their need. Medicine itself can be a
destruction on human life in the earth. People should have
control over
the nanomedicine and be able to have proper ethics and data to
clear out nanotechnology just in case they are
out of control. nanomedicine is the future, and it is already here
taking over the world.
References:
Garber, Cathy. “The Potential and the Pitfalls of
Nanomedicine.”

Nanowerk. May 2007.
https://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=1891.php#:~:text=
Other%20than%20the%20obvious%20potential%20risks%20to%
20patients%2C,manufacture%20of%20nanomedical%20devices
%20and%20materials%20are%20valid.
Routley, Nick. “The Future of Nanotechnology in Medicine.”
Visual Capitalist. October 2019.
https://www.visualcapitalist.com/the-afuture-of-
nanotechnology-in-medicine
The Scientific World. “8 of The Most Important Applications of
Nanotechnology in Biology and Medicine.” The Scientific
World. October 2019.
https://www.scientificworldinfo.com/2019/10/applications-of-
nanotechnology-in-biology-and-
medicine.html#:~:text=Applications%20of%20Nanotechnology
%20in%20Medicine%201%201.%20Cancer,Commercial%20Exp
loration%20...%208%208.%20Antibacterial%20Treatment%20
MG, Krukemeyer, V Kren, et.al. “History and Possible Uses of
Nanomedicine Based on Nanoparticles and Nanotechnological
progress.” Journal of Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology. 2015.
https://www.walshmedicalmedia.com/open-
access/history-and-possible-uses-of-nanomedicine-based-on-
nanoparticles-and-nanotechnological-progress-2157-7439-
1000336.pdf
Kumar, Vivek. “Nanotechnology in Medicine: Challenges and
Opportunities for Future Nanomedicine.” July 2020.
https://industrywired.com/nanotechnology-in-medicine-
challenges-and-opportunities-for-future-nanomedicine/

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to describe about the
importance of nanomedicine in future and What Challenges are
being identified by the public in relation to nanotechnology
medicine?
1.
Abstract:
1.
Keywords: nanotechnology in medicine, diseases, future
medicine, Public
1.
Introduction: The history of nanomedicine and how it
came into existence.
1.
How are the medical applications of nanotechnology
being used in a public
1.
How are public considering nanotechnology in medicine
as a future medicine
1.
How are public facing benefits and risks with

nanomedicine
1.
History of nanotechnology:
1.
Understanding Nano technology in medicine
a) The main uses of nanomedicine to
public
b) Advantage and disadvantage of nanomedicine
c) challenges and opportunities for the future of nanomedicine
1.
precise drug delivery
1.
Drug discovery
1.
Scarcity of Nanomedicine talent
1.
Large scale Nanomedicine production
1.
Conclusion
1.
References

What Is Nanotechnology? | National This URL describes about
what it is and how it is start.
Nanotechnology Initiative
Bibhusit Hamal
Department of Computer Science and Information System
A&M-Commerce
Introduction
The influx specifies us accompanying the facts on in what way
or manner the nanotechnology has damaged the globe and
effects on people. The more we are numbering to the future we
are utilizing and constituting
benefits established nanotechnology. The use of nanomedicine
has established different medicines for uncured treatments.
Nanomedicine, refers to very specific medical invasion at the
molecular level for curing affliction or
repairing damaged tissues. Modern nanotechnology is an
interdisciplinary science concerning the tiniest of particles and
their special chemical, physical and mechanical properties at the
meeting points of physics, chemistry,
biology, medicine, electronics, and information technology. In
practice the special areas of nanotechnology overlap and blur
the boundaries between the natural sciences. Nanobiotechnology
is concerned with molecular
intra- and intercellular processes and is of critical importance
for nanotechnology applications in medicine. This manifests
itself in the diverse interplay between medically relevant
nanotechnologies and possible

nanobiotechnology applications in human medicine. The
expectations of the diagnostic, therapeutic and regenerative
possibilities of nanomedicine are immense. They are directed at
inexpensive rapid tests for genetic
predisposition, viral infection and the first signs of diseases
long before symptoms manifest themselves, at medicines and
vaccines without side effects, at treatment of cancer,
cardiovascular diseases and neurological
diseases, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, at
establishing long-lasting, well-tolerated organ implants, at
targeted control of cell and tissue growth and at stimulation of
neuronal activities. The nanomedicine
vision of the future is early detection of pathological changes at
the molecular level by means of unambiguous imaging methods
and minimally invasive treatment of the patient with
individually tailor-made medicines as
soon as the disease is in the development stage.
History of nanotechnology
Nanomedicine is a young science. How nanotechnology can be
of use to medicine, medical technology and pharmacology has
only been researched since the 1990s. Nanotechnology itself has
only existed for a few decades.
After the invention of high-resolution microscopy, it evolved
simultaneously in biology, physics and chemistry in the course
of the 20th century and spawned new disciplines such as
microelectronics, biochemistry and
molecular biology. For nanomedicine, nanobiotechnology
knowledge which investigates the structure and function of cells
as well as intra- and intercellular processes and cell
communication is of prime importance. This
research only became possible at the beginning of the 20th
century when the door to the nano cosmos was burst open with
the invention of innovative microscopes. Nano porous ceramic
filters were indeed already being
used in the 19th century to separate viruses, and around 1900
Max Planck and Albert Einstein produced theoretical evidence

that there must be a range of tiny particles which obeyed their
own laws. These particles could not
be made visible however-the necessary instruments for this in
1902 structures smaller than 4 nanometers were successfully
detected in ruby glasses using the ultramicroscope developed by
Richard Zsigmondy and Henry
Siedentop. In 1912 Zsigmondy applied for a patent for the
immersion ultramicroscope, with which it became possible to
investigate the behavior of colloidal solutions. From 1931
onwards significantly better resolutions
were achieved with the transmission electron microscope (TEM)
developed by Max Knoll and Ernst Ruska than with the light
microscopes conventionally used up until then . Insight into the
atomic range, however, first
became Figure 1: Importance of nanobiotechnology in
medicine. possible with the field electron microscope developed
by Erwin Müller in 1936 and its further development to the field
ion microscope (FIM), with
which in 1951 physicists were able to see individual atoms and
their arrangement on a surface. The use of the innovative
microscopes in chemistry and biology led to the discovery of
cell structures and cell constituents.
With the aid of further inventions, such as the voltage clamp (a
precursor of the patch clamp technique), understanding of the
structure and function of the cell membrane, diffusion processes
and systematic cell
communication by means of receptors and antibodies according
to fixed rules became ever better in the following decades. The
mechanisms of maintaining and regulating metabolism, the role
of enzymes and proteins and
the functioning of the immune system was also researched, and
effective vaccines developed. The description and
understanding of DNA and RNA in the 1950s and 1960s [5,6]
led to the concept of genetic diseases and to
the vision of cures at the molecular level tailor-made for
patients.

Conclusion
Nanotechnology and nanobiotechnology applications will
change medicine greatly in the coming decades. Early detection
of diseases in the molecular stage of development by simple and
inexpensive rapid tests and highly
accurate imaging methods, optimization of existing and
introduction of new, minimally invasive treatment methods for
hitherto incurable diseases, development of tailor-made
medicines free from side effects, close
intermeshing of diagnosis and therapy, culture of bone, tissue
and organs with the aid of nanomaterials and adult stem cells
will improve healing prospects and the quality of life for the
patient and significantly reduce
treatment and after-care costs. However, the new prospects
opened up by nanomedicine are also associated with risks and
social and ethical questions which should not be ignored.
Finally there is the matter of
sharing: When simple and inexpensive diagnosis and therapy are
possible, will everyone then benefit from nanomedicine.
References
Garber, Cathy. “The Potential and the Pitfalls of
Nanomedicine.”
Nanowerk. May 2007.
https://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=1891.php#:~:text=
Other%20than%20the%20obvious%20potential%20risks%20to%
20patients%2C,manufacture%20of%20nanomedical%20devices
%20and%20materials%20are%20valid.
Routley, Nick. “The Future of Nanotechnology in Medicine.”
Visual Capitalist. October 2019.
https://www.visualcapitalist.com/the-afuture-of-
nanotechnology-in-medicine
The Scientific World. “8 of The Most Important Applications of

Nanotechnology in Biology and Medicine.” The Scientific
World. October 2019.
https://www.scientificworldinfo.com/2019/10/applications-of-
nanotechnology-in-biology-and-
medicine.html#:~:text=Applications%20of%20Nanotechnology
%20in%20Medicine%201%201.%20Cancer,Commercial%20Exp
loration%20...%208%208.%20Antibacterial%20Treatment%20
MG, Krukemeyer, V Kren, et.al. “History and Possible Uses of
Nanomedicine Based on Nanoparticles and Nanotechnological
progress.” Journal of Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology. 2015.
https://www.walshmedicalmedia.com/open-
access/history-and-possible-uses-of-nanomedicine-based-on-
nanoparticles-and-nanotechnological-progress-2157-7439-
1000336.pdf
Kumar, Vivek. “Nanotechnology in Medicine: Challenges and
Opportunities for Future Nanomedicine.” July 2020.
Title: Importance of Nanotechnology in Medicine and
Challenges for The Future of Nanomedicine
Introduction
The term "nanotechnology" was first used by Japanese scientist
Norio Taniguchi in a 1974 paper on production technology that
creates objects and features on the order of a nanometer. K. Eric
Drexler was an American engineer who is best known for his
work on the development of the molecular machine. In 1955,
Watson was credited with developing molecular

nanotechnology, which led to the development of nano systems
machinery manufacturing. The invention of scanning tunneling
microscopes (STMs) in the 1980s by IBM scientists and then the
atomic force microscope allowed scientists to see materials at
an unprecedented atomic level. Computer technology has
improved so much in recent years that large-scale simulations of
material systems are now possible using supercomputers. These
studies explored the nanoscale structure and properties of
materials.
Throughout the 1990s and early 2000s, most industrialized
nations created nanotechnology programs, which led to a
widespread proliferation of nanotechnology activities.
Nanomedicine is a relatively new science. Nanotechnology has
only recently been investigated as a potential tool for medicine,
medical technology, and pharmacology. Much of the research
has been carried out since the 1990s, but there is still much to
be learned about the potential benefits and limitations of this
technology.
Nanotechnology is a relatively new technology that is only in
its early stages of development. Microscopy has had a
significant impact on biology, physics, and chemistry
throughout the 20th century. It has spawned new disciplines,
such as microelectronics, biochemistry, and molecular biology.
For nanomedicine, the knowledge about cells' structures and
functions is especially important. This includes understanding
how cells interact with each other and how they communicate.
This research only became possible in the early 20th century
with the invention of innovative microscopes.
How are the medical applications of nanotechnology being used
in a public?
In truth, nanomedicine is the use of nanotechnology to the
diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of human diseases. If
widely adopted, nanomedicine will fundamentally alter the
practice of medicine and surgery. The following points can be

used by doctors if nanotechnology is applied in laboratories and
hospitals are as follows, one of the most popular applications of
nanotechnology for many people is cancer therapy. There have
been numerous significant developments in nanotechnology for
colon and prostate cancer detection and treatment. The idea is to
directly treat cancer cells by delivering medications inside of
them using small molecules called nanoparticles, which won't
harm healthy cells or tissues.
This, however, is only one method for curing cancer that
involves nanotechnology. There are a few microscopic tools and
techniques that can be utilized in camera scanning to identify,
describe, and detect proteins utilizing dyes and gold particles,
but the issue is that they are frequently time-consuming and
inefficient. For the bioengineering and biomedical industries,
information gleaned through protein-protein interactions (PPIs)
can be a gold mine. As researchers work to lessen the proteins
that cause cancer cells to spread throughout the body and thrive,
it is conceivable to create tiny sensors utilizing nanotechnology
to detect PPIs in blood serum. Tissue plasminogen activator
(TPA), an intravenous drug that dissolves clots in the arterial
wall and improves blood flow in the affected area, has been the
subject of laboratory studies in mice that have demonstrated
how the use of nanoparticles to deliver the drug can reduce the
required dose of the drug, which lowers the risk of side effects.
This is accomplished by affixing the chemical to groups of
nanoparticles, which break apart and release the medication
only in the area that is harmed.
How are public considering nanotechnology in medicine as a
future medicine?
The creation of molecularly level functioning systems is known
as nanotechnology. To benefit from special qualities that occur
at the nanoscale, the field blends principles of engineering with
physics and molecular chemistry. Here are a few ways that
nanotechnology is influencing medical care in the future: The
most recent FDA-approved smart pill that keeps track of when
medication was taken is an illustration of this technology in

action. The product enables users to track their own medication
history using a smartphone or to let doctors and caregivers’
access to that information online. It is approved for adults with
schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Any advancement in the
treatment of cancer will have a significant influence on society
because over 40% of people will be diagnosed with the disease
at some point in their lifetime. One of the main problems with
traditional chemotherapy and radiation treatments is that
healthy cells in the body may suffer collateral damage as a
result of the procedure. Because of this, scientists are trying to
use nanoparticles to specifically target cancer cells. Millions of
people's lives have been enhanced by medical implants like
knee and hip replacements, however one issue with these
implants is the possibility of infection and inflammation
following surgery. In many instances, infection symptoms are
not recognized until it is too late, which makes therapy less
successful or necessitates total implant replacement. Nanoscale
sensors that are built right into the implant or its surroundings
could find infections much earlier. It might be able to treat an
infected area as soon as an infection appears when tailored drug
delivery technology improves. Such instances highlight the
genuine potential of nanotechnology in the medical industry.
Soon, real-time treatment delivery and data collection from
inside the body might transcend science.
How are public facing benefits and risks with nanomedicine?
The absorbability has been improved using nanotechnology.
Drugs that are absorbed too quickly and eliminated from the
body as waste before a course of treatment may be effective can
also be treated with nanomedicine. Nanomedicine has the
potential to lengthen the duration that a drug is active in the
body. Drugs used to treat cancer must be properly targeted in
order to prevent harm to the nearby healthy cells.
Nanotherapeutics have the potential to increase medication
target specificity as well as decrease drug volume, preventing
the issue of buildup in healthy tissue. Beyond the concern for
safety, there is the problem of how society should employ

nanotechnology. Professor John Eckert of the Centre for
Applied Philosophy and Public Ethics claims that there have
been many concerns expressed about the morality of using
nanomedicine. In this fervent discussion, ethical issues include
informed consent, risk assessment, toxicity, and human
enhancement are only a few of the issues raised.
Conclusion
The findings presented here imply that increasing scientific
effort and financing for medical applications of nanotechnology
seem to be justified by the public's optimism about this field of
study. Additionally, it requires that toxicologists, decision-
makers, journalists, businesspeople, and others engage in a
more responsible dialogue with the public about the nature and
ramifications of this new technology platform.
References
The Benefits of Nanomedicine (azonano.com)
History of Nanotechnology - TryNano
What Is Nanotechnology? | National Nanotechnology Initiative
This URL describes about what it is and how it is start.

7
Importance of Nanotechnology in medicine
Bibhusit hamal, Department of Computer Science and
Information System, A&M Commerce
Abstract
Nanotechnology has changed the technology field a lot and also
there has been changes in the field of nanotechnology, since
medicine have started to adopt it. These days the use of
nanotechnology in medicine has become more usual in medical
lines. It helps to get faster way to get cure for diseases such as
cardio vascular .
Keywords: Next generation, nanotechnology in medicine,
diseases, future medicine
Introduction
Nanotechnology, commonly shortened to nanotech, is a fairly
new field with most applications still under research. Nanotech
tries to use matter on a supramolecular, molecular and atomic
level for industrial purposes. The early nanotechnology focused
on manipulating nanotechnology atomic and molecular particles
to create macroscale products. This field is today known as
molecular nanotech. In the recent past, the definition of

nanotech has been taken to be matter particles with diameters
between 1 and 100 nanometers. At this scale, the particles start
exhibiting a lot of quantum mechanical properties. These new
properties must be taken into account when designing any
products. Nanotechnology is mostly still in research and it will
be interesting to see where it heads. Currently, nanotech is
applied in many fields ranging from manufacturing to medicine.
Nanoparticles can be organic, inorganic or biological. They can
be engineered in the lab or exist in nature. Examples of
nanoparticles in nature include smoke, volcanic ash, and salt
particles among others. Some of the fields that have
successfully applied nanotechnology include cosmetics, textiles,
electronics, environmental conservation, automotive, energy,
food security and medicine. All these applications have
contributed significantly to the improvements in the specific
industries. Examples of how nanotech is used in medicine
include imaging and diagnosis, drug delivery, cancer treatment
and cardiovascular treatment. This paper will look at nanotech
and its uses in medicine and some of the advantages and
disadvantages.
What is Nanotech
As already mentioned above, nanotechnology is the manufacture
and use of devices in the nanoscale. Since they are small in
size, a single particle by itself is useless. However, when used
in mass, they can be controlled and their benefit realized.
Importance of Nanotech and its Uses in Medicine
Medicine is one of the fields that has benefitted from the
research of nanotechnology. It is used in application ranging
from imaging to cancer treatment. There are various types of
cancer but they all start the same way and exhibit the same
symptoms. Research is still ongoing into how nanotech can be
used to treat the different types of cancers and other
degenerative diseases. Medicine continues to be one of the
largest beneficiaries of nanotech research as can be seen by all
the various ways that nanotech is used in the field. The
following are some of the major importance of nanotechnology

in medicine.
Lowering Cost of Medication
Conditions that could not be detected on time such as cancers
inside the organs can now are detected on time. Cancer is
difficult to treat in advanced stages. However, when discovered
early, it can be treated quickly and cheaply. The patients do not
run the risk of requiring transplant any major organs such as the
kidney or the liver. As a result, the cost of the whole treatment
is lower than a single session at the late stages of the disease.
Quick Diagnosis
Many organs that require imaging for diagnosis of diseases are
normally critical ones that it might become impossible to
operate on them. As a result, the conventional imaging devices
are normally used to do the imaging have to wait until the
surface of the organ gets affected. The ability of nanotech to
penetrate the organs and image the interior is normally makes
diagnosis quicker. The imaging can detect the diseases at an
early stage and treat them before spreading.
Where it is used in Medicine
Imaging and diagnosis
Imaging is used for diagnosis of various medical conditions.
Imaging takes a photograph of bones organs and soft tissues and
then studies it to find any anomalies. Imaging bones is the
easiest because the doctor only needs an X-ray machine.
However, imaging soft tissues and organs is not so easy.
Ultrasound, CT and MRI among others are widely used to image
the soft tissues and they have revolutionized diagnosis and
treatment of various diseases. However, they only image the
surface of the organs and tissues. Such imaging is useful if the
damage to the organs is from the outside of the organ. If the
damage is from the inside like how many diseases work, the
imaging techniques listed above will not work. They will show
anomaly when the damage reaches the surface. By the time that
the damage gets to the surface, the disease is normally in
advanced stages and treatment is difficult and prohibitively
expensive. Nanotech can improve imaging by using

nanoparticles to target and contrast the diseased tissues. There
have been attempts to improve the imaging by using such
agents. However, the agents that have been used in the past
exhibited high metabolism and non-specific distribution. A
better class of agents has recently emerged after research into
nanotech showed that they can be targeted to the specific
diseased tissue. They also do not have a high metabolism and
are less likely to be toxic to the tissue. X rays, at first had
difficulty targeting and contrasting the tissue because it needed
heavy atoms to be delivered to the targeted area without causing
toxic reactions. Nanotech research discovered that using inert
atoms such as gold and silver achieved the purpose.
Drug delivery
Nanotechnology is also used drug delivery to targeted tissues.
Normally, when an internal route for drug delivery to a tissue is
not available, an external one is used. For example, when a
tissue cannot be reached, a surgery or radiotherapy is carried
out. Each of the methods has its pros and cons. Doctors
determine the best option for a patient depending on various
factors such as stage of the disease and type of medicine. They
can also be used interchangeably and the intention is normally
to permanently get rid of the infection disease or tumor.
Nanotechnology has entered this space and they are providing
alternatives to the two ways of drug delivery.
One reason why there might not a route for internal delivery is
because the drug is toxic to other organs. Thus, in trying to treat
one organ, the treatment could destroy others and leave them
diseased. Nanotechnology can be used to deliver drugs safely.
For example, doxorubicin is a drug that is highly toxic to many
body organs. Despite, its high toxicity, it can be delivered to the
tumor cells without affecting the heart or the kidneys.
Moreover, paclitaxel and Genexol-PM can be used to treat
metastatic breast cancer.
A good drug delivery systems needs to have two properties.
First, it needs to have control over drug release. Secondly, it
needs targeting ability to ensure that the drug goes to the

desired location. This way, side effects are significantly
lowered because the drugs will not get the opportunity to
interact with other organs. The nanotech drug delivery system
ensures long drug bioavailability. It also ensures that drugs that
are hard to dissolve remain longer to be dissolved and used.
Cancer treatment
Many people all over the world have cancer. As it stands, today
cancer does not have a uniform drug that works for all types of
tumors. Every case of cancer is special and has to be treated
differently from the rest of the cases. Since each case is unique,
patients will spend a lot of time during diagnosis and treatment.
Most cancer cases are discovered in late stages and make it
difficult to treat because a lot of damage has occurred. Some
cancers can be discovered early while others cannot and have to
wait until it gets to the surface of the organ.
Most cancers are diagnosed by a form of imaging. Since the
conventional imaging techniques cannot penetrate the surface of
organs, they cannot be used to accurately diagnose onset of
cancer. As a result, cancerous cells have to grow and reach the
surface before they can be detected. The first use of nanotech in
cancer treatment is in the imaging and diagnosing. It detects
even the small tumors that would remain undetectable to normal
imaging techniques.
After successful diagnosis, treatment follows. There are
different ways to treat tumors. Surgery physically removes the
tumor while other approaches such as radiotherapy seeks to kills
the cells over time. Nanotechnology allows for drugs to be
targeted and delivered to the diseased region without poisoning
unintended parts. As a result, nanotechnology is a safer way to
treat cancer using anticancer drugs. For example, paclitaxel has
been approved by the FDA for use in metastatic breast cancer.
Other drugs formulations are still under research and it is only a
matter of time before they become approved and available.
Nanotechnology can detect and treat various types of cancers
and save the patients from pain and expensive treatment.
Cardiovascular treatment

The pumps the bloods and when it gets sick, most body organs
might not function optimally. Cardiovascular diseases are the
leading causes of death. Sadly, the death rate is increasing due
to the lifestyles that many people are choosing to live. A few
examples of some of the diseases include blockage of blood in
flow in a region, hypertension, and stroke among others. These
diseases if not treated can lead to death after a long disability.
For example, the use of CREKA-peptide-modified-
nanoemulsion loaded with 17-B has been shown to reduce early
atherosclerosis by reducing lesion size. Liposomal drug delivery
has been shown to reduce thrombosis and platelet aggregation.
Essential Characteristics of Nanotechnology in Medicine
Nanotechnology has different characteristics depending on how
it is used in medicine. One characteristic that is shared by all
the application is that it should be safe. It should be safe on all
the body organs that it touches.
Benefits of Nanotechnology in Medicine
Problems of Nanotechnology in Medicine
Opportunities in Nanotechnology in Medicine
Challenges of Nanotechnology in medicines
Conclusion
References
Future Nanomedicine

What Is Nanotechnology? | National Nanotechnology Initiative
https://www.nano.gov/nanotech-101/what/definition
CSCI 303 Technical Report Requirements – Grading Rubric
Requirements described in Week 5 – No report submitted –
grade is zero
Plagiarized papers will receive a grade of zero and the Dean of
Students will be notified.
Use the format of the article from Week 1 as a guide for your
paper.
Do not number the pages and do not put a header or footer in
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Use your name as the author followed by the University
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Your Name, Department of Computer Science and Information
Systems, A&M-Commerce
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Possible point deductions
This paper should be an organized report on a topic that was
approved at the beginning of the semester. The content of
various sections in the paper should adequately describe what
the heading for the section indicates the content will be.
Listing items that need a description but are not described in a
section of the paper is not appropriate and provides no or little
information for the reader of the paper who may know nothing
about the paper topic.
Possible maximum point deductions
Disorganized paper: -10
Sections of the paper without adequate explanation: -10
Less than 10 references: -10
Missing citations where they are required to avoid plagiarism: -

10
Drafts not submitted by the grading deadline: -10 for each draft
not submitted
The final paper will be automatically submitted to the Turnitin
plagiarism checker when it is uploaded to the drop box.
Turnitin will assign a percentage score to the paper based on the
amount of the text in your paper that can be identified as found
in other articles or papers written by other students anywhere.
The percentage score is also assigned a color code of blue,
green, yellow, orange, or red. This information provides an
indication of possible plagiarism found in the document
submitted.
Possible points lost as the result of the Tiurnitin evaluation
Blue – no point deducted
Green – possible 5 point deduction
Yellow – possible 15 point deduction
Orange – possible 25 point deduction
Red – possible up to 75 point deduction

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