A technical talk presentation in Cardno Philippines about Building Code (including DOST-PHIVOLCS' 'How Safe is Your House" campaign)

1. GOOD AFTERNOON!!!
Tagalog dialect:
Magandang hapon!
Ilocano dialect:
Naimbag a malem!
Bicolano dialect:
Maray na hapon!
Waray dialect:
Maupay nga kulop!
Cebuano dialect:
Maayong hapon!
Ilonggo dialect:
Maayo nga hapon!
Tausug dialect:
Malingkat hapon!
Cagsawa church

2. Good day!
Good Arvo!
Atamarie!
A restored house in NZ

4. EDT TECH TALK
1) Building code
2) 12 Point questionnaire for
CHB house assessment?
- Short video and jamming
presentation (Women in Cardno
Philippines)
10 April 2015

5. Content
1. Building code
1.1 Introduction
1.2 History
1.3 Buildings & other structures definition (short Q & A with price )
1.4 Codes from different countries
1.5 Hazards
2. How safe is your house? 12 Point questionnaire for CHB house assessment
- Women in Cardno Philippines (music jamming presentation )

6. What is Cardno?
Cardno is a professional infrastructure and
environmental services company, with expertise in
the development and improvement of physical and
social infrastructure for communities around the
world.

7. Sample of Cardno physical
infrastructure project
Sample of Cardno social
infrastructure project

8. Source: http://www.rappler.com/nation/85412-ralph-recto-dotc-dict
ICT Infrastructure in the Philippines
“ICT is considered as the third utility
after power and water. It is also the
third biggest source of dollars after
electronics and OFW remittances. It
is a growth driver. Every 10
percentage points in broadband
penetration is said to boost the GDP
by 1%.”
- Sen. Recto

9. Source: http://www.exist.com/philippines-it-spending-grew-11-4-in-2014-momentum-carry-2015/

10. XP Solutions software for physical infrastructure projects

11. Japan Flood Prevention Video

12. Source: http://icto.dost.gov.ph/philippine-governments-ict-initiatives-and-the-national-broadband-plan/

13. Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_engineering
Software engineering is the study and an application of engineering to
the design, development, and maintenance of software.
Margaret Hamilton, credited
with coining the term software
engineering, standing with the
data results from the simulation
of the code her team designed
for the Apollo 11.

14. 1. Building Code
1.1 Introduction
In today’s modern practice of engineering profession, there is always a
specific regulating body/authority which considers the latest internationally
accepted and locally applicable guidelines, techniques and standards in order
to perform engineering projects. A building code, is a set of rules that specify
the minimum standards for constructed objects. These rules must be followed
to satisfy the minimum acceptable level of safety for buildings and nonbuilding
structures.
Includes:
Fire safety rules (e.g. fire walls, fire exits)
Structural rules (e.g. material strengths, serviceability)
Health stipulations (e.g. adequate air circulation)

15. Codes or Standards?
Codes - required by law of a nation, city, etc. and shall be mandatory followed
Standards - typically address quality of materials (through testing methods or
minimum prescriptive requirements), installation methods,
classification, and design criteria.
What is the difference

16. Q : When was the earliest known building code used?
a. 19th century
b. 15th century
c. 500 - 600 AD
d. 1700 BC

17. 1.2 History
Earliest known building code
Code of Hammurabi (1795 – 1750 BC), ruler of Babylon
- Laws 229 through 233 specifically address the construction of a house and
the consequences of failure:
Law 229 states: “If a builder build a house for someone, and does not construct it
properly, and the house which he built fall in and kill its owner, then that builder
shall be put to death.”

18. The first modern “Model Building Code” was developed in 1905 by
the Fire Underwriters Association, and was titled the “National
Building Code”. This code focused on protecting the building rather
than the occupants.
Great London Fire 1666

19. 1.3 Buildings & other structures definition
Building definition from Wikipedia:
A building, as a noun, is a man-made structure with a roof and walls standing
more or less permanently in one place, such as a house or factory. Building
serves as shelter from weather, security, living space, privacy, to store
belongings and to comfortably live and work. As a verb, building is the act of
construction.
Structure definition from Wikipedia:
The word structure is used more broadly than building including natural and
man-made formations and does not necessarily have walls.
Nonbuilding Structure definition from Wikipedia:
Also referred to simply as “other structure”, refers to any body or system of
connected parts used to support a load that was not designed for continuous
human occupancy. The term is used by architects, structural engineers and
mechanical engineers to distinctly identify built structures that are not
buildings.

20. Buildings & other structures definition from NSCP
Building definition from NSCP:
A building is any structure usually enclosed by walls and roof, constructed to
provide support or shelter for an intended use or occupancy.
Structure definition from NSCP:
A structure is that which is built or constructed, an edifice or building of any
kind, or any piece of work artificially built up or composed of parts joined
together in some definite manner.
Occupancy definition from NSCP:
Occupancy is the purpose for which a building or other structures or part
thereof, is used or intended to be used.

21. Building Engineering
Building Engineering also known as Architectural Engineering is the application of
engineering principles and technology to building design and construction.
Engineering Professionals :
Architectural Engineer (AE) - performs overall design of building systems including heating
ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC), plumbing, fire protection, electrical, lighting,
architectural acoustics, and structural systems.
Structural Engineer (SE) – performs analysis and design of physical objects; those
concentrating on buildings are responsible for the structural performance of large part of built
environment and are, sometimes, informally referred as “building engineers”. SE requires
expertise in strength of materials and seismic design of structures covered by Earthquake
Engineering. AE sometimes practice structural as one aspect of their designs.
Mechanical, Electrical & Plumbing (MEP) – Mechanical Engineers (ME) and Electrical
Engineers (EE) are specialists, commonly referred to as (mechanical, electrical and
plumbing) when engaged in the building design fields. Also known as “building services
engineering” in the UK, Canada and Australia. ME designs HVAC, plumbing and rain gutter
systems. EE are responsible for building’s power distribution, telecommunication, fire alarm,
signalization, lightning protection, control systems and lighting systems.

22. Architectural Design Works

23. Structural Design Works
1. Structure 3D Model 2. Application of Loads 3. Interpretation of
Results (Displacements,
Forces, Moments &
Stresses) – how the
structure behaves
4. Structural Drawings
5. Structural Calculation
Report (includes all codes
and standards used in the
design, material
specifications,
assumptions, etc.

24. Seismic behavior of multistory building
(analytical model)
Experimental model of building on
earthquake shake table (one with base
isolator the other is constructed
traditionally)

25. MEP Design Works

26. Building or Other structure?
Hotel de Ville Building in Paris, France
Building

27. Building or Other structure?
Eiffel Tower
Other structure

28. Building or Other structure?
Old Royal Women’s Hospital
in Carlton, Victoria
Building

29. Building or Other structure?
Melbourne Cricket Ground
Other structure

30. Building or Other structure?
Building
Non residential buildings
includes:
- Commercial (e.g. office
buildings, stores, hotels,
restaurants, banks, disco houses,
etc.)
- Industrial (e.g. factories, plants,
mills, repair shops, machine
shops, printing press, storage
plants, electric generating plants,
etc.)
- Institutional (e.g. ports, airports,
government buildings, school,
museum, library, churches,
hospitals
- Agricultural (e.g. buildings used
to house livestock, plants and
agricultural products such as
barn, poultry house, piggeries,
stables, greenhouse and grain
mill

31. Governing Policies/IRR in residential projects in the Philippines
PD 957 – applicable for “open market” and “medium cost” subdivision and
condominium projects
BP 220 – applicable for economic and socialized housing projects

32. Building or Other structure?
Other structure

33. Building or Other structure?
Other structure

34. Building or Other structure?
Neither. These are non-engineered buildings.
Two categories of Non-
Engineered Buildings:
1. Those built according to
tradition, their types suiting
the culture and materials
available in that area.
2. Single family dwellings and
smaller commercial structures
in developing countries which
are built by landowners or
local artisans without the
benefit of engineering or
architectural help.

35. Indigenous houses
in Indonesia

36. Building or Other structure?
Neither. These are non-engineered buildings.

37. Current related projects involving building construction
Philippines Classroom Construction Initiative (PCCI) Project by DepEd funded by AusAid/DFAT

40. Source: http://philbasiceducation.blogspot.hk/search/label/Data%20and%20Statistics
The Australia-Asia Program to Combat Trafficking in Persons (AAPTIP)
is a five-year (2013-2018) AU$50 million initiative of the Australian aid
program that aims to reduce the incentives and opportunities for
trafficking of persons in the Association of South East Asia Nations
(ASEAN) region.

41. Bilibid prison, on the outskirts of Manila, was built for 8,900
inmates but currently houses 23,000.

42. 1.4 Codes from different countries
Europe
Eurocode by European Committee for Standardization
Adopted by Singapore’s Building and Construction Authority (BCA) as their
Building Code effective April 1, 2013
British Standards are no longer maintained since 2010
Considered as one of the most advanced structural design code
U.S.A.
International Building Code (IBC) by International Code Council (ICC)
Not yet adopted by California due to disputes between ICC and NFPA

43. Australia
Building Code of Australia (BCA) by Australian Building Codes Boards (ABCB)
on behalf of Australian Government and State and Territory Governments
New Zealand
New Zealand Building Code by Department of Building and Housing
Does not prescribe how work should be done, but states how completed building
work and its parts must perform (i.e. performance based design)
Japan
Building Standard Law by The Building Center of Japan (BCJ)
Philippines
National Building Code by Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH)
Structural Code is referred to National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP)
by Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines (ASEP)

44. 1.5 Hazards/Disasters
Definition from Wikipedia:
A disaster is a serious disruption of the functioning of a community involving
widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses and
impacts which exceeds the ability of the affected community to cope
using its own resources.
Natural hazard is a natural process or phenomenon that may cause loss of life, injury
or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihood and services, social
and economic disruption, or environmental damage. Some phenomena are
earthquakes, typhoons, volcanic eruptions, floods, tsunamis and landslides.
Asia tops the list of casualties by natural hazards.
Man-made hazards are the consequence of technological hazards e.g. stampedes,
fires, transport accidents, industrial accidents, oil spills and nuclear
explosion/radiation. War and terrorism may also be put in this category.

45. Disaster definition from U.S. Federal Emergency
Management Agency (FEMA)
“ An occurrence of a natural catastrophe, technological accident,
or human caused event that has resulted in severe property
damage, deaths, and/or multiple injuries.”
Disaster definition from World Health Organization (WHO)
“ The result of a vast ecological breakdown in the relations
between man and his environment, a serious and sudden (or
slow, as in drought) disruption on such a scale that the
stricken community needs extraordinary efforts to cope with it,
often with outside help or international aid.”

49. Hurricane 101

50. Super Typhoon Haiyan

52. Cyclone Pam devastates Pacific islands of Vanuatu

54. Referenced Wind Zone Map of the Philippines

55. Active Faults and Trenches in PH
Philippine
Fault Zone
(PFZ), arc-
parallel, left-
lateral strike
slip fault
which was
the source of
large-
magnitude
earthquakes
in recent
years
1990 Luzon Earthquake (M7.7)
1973 Ragay Gulf Earthquake
(M7.0)
2003 Masbate Earthquake
(M6.2)
Oct. 15, 2013 Bohol Earthquake
New Fault Line Discovered
One side of the
new fault was
raised upward
(3 m), it is
more than 5
km long

58. Referenced Seismic Zone Map of the Philippines

59. Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_the_Philippines

60. Earthquake 101

61. Tsunami 101

62. What does ‘magnitude’ mean?

63. Man-made hazards

64. 2. How safe is your house? (12 Point questionnaire for
CHB house assessment)

71. Full-scale shaking table test video at NIED facility

88. Structural building code significance
“Structural building code provides minimum load requirements for the design of
buildings and other structures, it sets minimum standards and guidelines to
safeguard life or limb, property and public welfare by regulating and
controlling the design, construction, quality of materials pertaining to the
structural aspects of all buildings and other structures.”
- NSCP
“Modern codes are consensus documents based on established scientific and
engineering principles, drafted through input from leading technical experts,
construction professionals, enforcement personnel and the products
industries.”
- www.disastersafety.org

89. Source: https://www.unops.org/english/News/Pages/Earthquakes-dont-kill-people-collapsed-
buildings-do.aspx

90. Thank you for listening!