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1 Undergraduate Studies  ePortfolio Lanorris Spaulding Psychology, 2011
Personal Statement My name is Lanorris Spaulding, I am a 26 year old, married, father to be. I am currently working as a Facilities Assistant at the Atlanta Journal-Constitution and a Linebacker Coach at The Atlanta Sports Academy. I am originally from Miami, FL, where I attended and graduated from Miami Northwestern Sr. High School. There I became a football All-American as well as a proud member of the Youth Crime Watch committee.  My post-graduating goals are to obtain an entry-level position as a Career Counselor at the college level, in the Atlanta area. As well as, maintain my position as a Linebacker Coach at my prep-school, The Atlanta Sports Academy. In time I plan on elevating my career by earning my Masters in Career Counseling and coaching football at the Division 1 or Division 1-AA college level.
Resume Lanorris Spaulding lanorris2003@yahoo.com Objective Statement To obtain a career working with a company to enhance my business and organizational skills and acquiring high achievements in order to be an integral part in the success of the company. Summary of Qualifications ▪	Enthusiastic contributor and supporter of team goals ▪	Knowledge of office practices and procedures ▪	Strong attention to detail ▪	Excellent organizational and communication skills ▪	Proven ability to prioritize and handle multiple tasks in a challenging environment
Resume Education and Training Argosy University                                 Atlanta, Georgia                                                            10/2007- 04/2011  ▪   Psychology major  ▪   Concentration: Career Counseling/ Human Resources  ▪   National Society of Collegiate Scholars (NSCS) member since 2010 Northwestern Sr. High School                                  Miami, FL                                                08/1999- 06/2003 ▪    Graduated with a high school diploma ▪    Football All-American Computer Skills ▪    Windows Vista, Windows XP and Mac ▪    Access, PowerPoint, Excel and Word  ▪    Learns new software applications quickly Other Skills ▪    Organizational skills ▪    Head coach of little league football ▪    Youth Crime Watch member in high school
Resume Employment Experience Atlanta Journal-Constitution             Atlanta, Georgia                                                         06/2010- Present Facilities Assistant ▪       Work 40 hrs/wk while in college, and maintained a 3.3 G.P.A ▪       Responsible for mailroom by sorting and distributing incoming mail/packages to all employees, while maintaining a clean and safe mailroom and work area. ▪       Assist ensuring that an organization has the most suitable working environment for its employees and their activities. ▪       Assist in reducing operating costs while increasing productivity.  ▪       Assist in planning best allocation and utilization of space and resources for new buildings, or re-organizing current premises. ▪       Assist in investigating availability and suitability of options for new purchases ▪       Assist in responding appropriately to emergencies or urgent issues as they arise.  Ikon Office Solutions                                 Atlanta, GA	                                        6/2007- 3/2010 Service Representative/ Mail Clerk ▪	Work 40 hrs/wk while in college, and maintained a 3.3 G.P.A ▪	Responsible for mailroom by sorting and distributing incoming mail/packages to all employees, while maintaining a clean and safe mailroom and work area. ▪	Collect outgoing mail and ensure that it is mailed. ▪	Perform shipping and receiving functions. ▪	Perform as back up to Receptionist as necessary, including breaks, lunch breaks and scheduled or unscheduled time off. ▪	Maintain adequate supply of mailing and shipping supplies, stationery and envelopes, copier/printer paper stock in-house. Monitor and order office and facility supplies. ▪	Utilizes computer to process complete memos, correspondence, reports, and other documents
Resume Coca-Cola Enterprise            Daytona Beach, FL                                                12/2005- 3/2007 Loader/ Order Builder  ▪	­Build orders according to assigned load tickets using industrial power equipment. ▪	Manually lift and move product to restock and repack ensuring date code accuracy and proper rotation. ▪	Adhere to good manufacturing practices and safety standards. ▪	Responsible for meeting productivity requirements. ▪	Stage completed pallets in designated area. ­  Miami Dade Water and Sewage Department        Miami, FL	               Summer 2001 Office Assistant  ▪	­Filing Documents ▪	Organized Documents ▪	Utilized basic excel, word, outlook & power point programs Volunteer Work Volunteer - Coaching Sandy Springs Saints 12 year-old football team 2009 & 2010
Reflection I have learned a lot over the last few years at Argosy University. I have learned how to read and interpret a lot better than I did in high school. I learned how to fully understand a topic by debating both sides of an argument equally well and how to think critically and creatively. Over the years I have learned how to synthesize and evaluate various psychological theories, and apply them to explain everyday events and experiences. This knowledge alone will be beneficial to me no matter what my focus is in the field of psychology. Most important I learned how to be disciplined. During my high school years I was content with having people ask me if I got assignments done or how I am doing in classes, that when I started attending Argosy University, I was forced to keep track of my own activities, due dates and assignments. I learned how to set goals and stick to the schedule I have set so that I can focus on my priorities and balance work with fun. I have also learned how important it is to build a network. I think it is important for college students to reach out to people that share your common interests.  Despite being able to build on the strengths that I had prior to attending Argosy University, I have had a lot of weaknesses that are no longer burden. One of my biggest weaknesses was being a procrastinator. I found out early in my academic tenure here at Argosy that procrastination is the #1 cause of failing students in college. After almost failing a class due to this burden, I quickly became better at managing my studies with my leisure time.
Table of Contents Cognitive Abilities: Critical Thinking and Information Literacy Research Skills Communication Skills: Oral and Written Ethics and Diversity Awareness Foundations of Psychology Applied Psychology Interpersonal Effectiveness **Include work samples and projects with a Title Page and organized accordingly to demonstrate each of the Program Outcomes above
Critical Thinking Advanced Psychology PSY492 Discussion 3 Assignment Argosy University Which of the three behaviorists, in your opinion, offers the most compelling argument for the use of behaviorism when teaching a new subject to an adult and to a child? In my opinion I believe that B. F. Skinner’s theory offers the most compelling argument for the use of behaviorism when teaching a new subject to an adult. Skinner developed the theory of operant conditioning, the idea that we behave the way we do because this kind of behavior has had certain consequences in the past (Boeree, 2006). For example, if your boss gives you a check on Friday when you work all week, you will be likely to work all week when you want a check on Friday. You will be acting in expectation of a certain reward therefore our experience of reinforcements determines our behavior (Boeree, 2006). In my opinion I believe that Ivan Pavlov’s theory offers the most compelling argument for the use of behaviorism when teaching a new subject to a child. Pavlov studied reflexes, automatic behavior that is caused by a stimulusfrom the environment (Plaud, 2003). Such reflexes like the sucking of a baby when something is put in his/her mouth. This automatic behavior can be manipulated. This is called conditioning. In this conditioning process, an unconditional stimulus is given to a person. This stimulus causes a reflex on its own, when the unconditional stimulus is now given to the person together with a stimulus that does not cause a reflex on its own (Plaud, 2003). An unconditional stimulus is given together with a conditional stimulus, because the presence of the unconditional stimulus, the reflex is caused. After a while, the unconditional stimulus is not offered any more and the conditional stimulus will now cause the reflex on its own (Plaud, 2003). Reference: Boeree, C.G. (2006). B. F. Skinner. Personality Theories. http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/skinner.html Plaud, J.J. (2003). Pavlov and the Foundation of Behavior Therapy. http://www.ucm.es/info/Psi/docs/journal/v6_n2_2003/art147.pdf
Research Skills Organizational Behavior MGT302 UB M6 Discussion  Argosy University An analysis of how you would most effectively deal with conflict in a managerial or a subordinate position. This analysis should take into account your personal-conflict handling style.  Based on my results from the Conflict Management Style Survey, I would most effectively deal with conflict in a managerial or a subordinate position by collaborating. Collaborating is a management style that tries to meet the needs of all people involved. These people can be highly assertive but unlike the competitor, they cooperate effectively and acknowledge that everyone is important (Hall, 1969). This style is useful when you need to bring together a variety of viewpoints to get the best solution; when there have been previous conflicts in the group; or when the situation is too important for a simple trade-off (Billikopf, 2009). The win-win approach sees conflict resolution as an opportunity to come to a mutually beneficial result. It includes identifying the underlying concerns of the opponents and finding an alternative which meets each party's concerns. An analysis of how you would like to change your usual way of dealing with conflict to make conflict management more effective in different situations. I believe that a starting point for dealing with conflict is to identify the overriding conflict style employed by you. Over time, people's conflict management styles tend to mesh, and a right way to solve conflict emerges. It's good to recognize when this style can be used effectively, however it is important to understand that different styles may suit different situations. For example, the collaborating style may only be appropriate when consensus and commitment of other parties is important, when it is required to address the interests of multiple stakeholders, and when you need to work through hard feelings and animosity (Billikopf, 2009). In order to recognize when I need to change my approach I should first raise the issue, then discover the underlying interests, and last develop an agreement based on proven objectives (AUO, 2011). This three step process will allow me to evaluate the conflict and utilize the appropriate approach.  References: Argosy University Online (2011). Conflict and Negotiations. Retrieved February 14, 2011 from http://myeclassonline.com/ Hall, J. (1969). Conflict-Management Style. The Leadership Center At Washington State University. Retrieved February 14, 2011 from http://www.afc-ispi.org/Repository/Conflict-Management%20survey.pdf Billikopf, G. (2009). Conflict Management Skills. Retrieved February 14, 2011 from http://cnr.berkeley.edu/ucce50/ag-labor/7labor/13.htm
Communication Skills: Oral and Written Advanced Psychology PSY492 M6 Discussion Argosy University What can an interviewer do to increase the accuracy of what children say when questioned? There are a number of things an interviewer can do to increase the accuracy of what children say when questioned. Interviewers must avoid preexisting preconceptions about what happened and encourage children to tell about relevant events in their own words and interviews should be taped (Annon, 2009). Often interviewers slip into interviewing behaviors that risk compromising the reliability of the information obtained. Although children are capable of providing accurate, reliable, and forensically useful information, they are vulnerable to suggestion (Annon, 2009). Leading, suggestive, or coercive questioning can not only result in a child making inaccurate statements, it can cause the child to develop a subjectively real memory for an event that never happened (Annon, 2009). I believe that the most important rule an interviewer should be aware of is to interview the child alone, unless he/she is too young to be separated from their parents (Annon, 2009). A parent or other supportive adult sitting in on the interview can intentionally or inadvertently cue the child and contaminate the interview. The only exception to this is when a very young child refuses to separate from a parent (Annon, 2009). But this is not desirable and in such cases the parent should be cautioned not to participate in the interview. I would also recommend that the interviewer should build a rapport at the beginning (Annon, 2009). The main purpose of this part of the interview is to talk about neutral topics and help the child become more comfortable. The interviewer should avoid asking a series of closed and forced choice questions during this phase of the interview (Annon, 2009). Reference: Annon, J.S. (2009). Recommended Guidelines for Interviewing Children in Cases of Alleged Sexual Abuse. IPT Journal. http://www.ipt-forensics.com/journal/volume6/j6_3_2.htm
Ethics and Diversity Awareness Advanced Psychology PSY492 M3 Discussion Argosy University After identifying how the employer allegedly discriminated, explain why the actions as described were wrong and what would have been a legal way to handle each of the described situations?  After reading the case study I found that the chief executive of a California software company asked his employee to decide whether she wanted a job promotion because she was six months pregnant. She then replied that the timing wasn’t right she was then told to consider leaving the company (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, & Wright, 2009). I truly believe that the employer discriminated against his six month pregnant employee. I don’t believe that she should be threatened with her job because she feels she can’t manage more responsibility along the stress and pressure of being pregnant. The best way to handle this situation is to still consider her as a strong candidate, if she is qualified, and if she is the best candidate, recommend that she takes a leave of absence when she is close to her due date and then reassure her that her job is as safe as it was when she was promoted. The next situation talks about a pregnant woman who was laid off because she would soon be taking maternity leave and was not her family’s sole breadwinner (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, & Wright, 2009). This company was completely wrong; I don’t think that any woman should lose her job because of being pregnant. I believe that if a company values you as an employee, they should be happy for you and can’t wait to have you back. Granting the employee maternity leave is the least I can do to show her just how much she means to us as an employee. The last situation explains how a newly hired receptionist was asked to reapply for her receptionist position after the company found out that she was pregnant, this situation was an unfair act of discrimination (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, & Wright, 2009). I don’t think its fair for a woman to lose her job because she is pregnant. The legal way to handle this situation is to have a meeting with the employee and ask her questions about her pregnancy, and try to make arrangements that won’t affect her job status.  References: Gerhart, Barry; Hollenbeck, R. John; Noe, A. Raymond; Wright, M. Patrick. 2009. Fundamentals of Human Resource Management. McGraw-Hill, New York, NY.
Foundations of Psychology Organizational Behavior MGT302 UB M5 Discussion Argosy University If you were a leader of a team, what would you like to be followed for? Think of your personality traits and your own values in your answer. Describe the personality traits of a leader that you most admire, and discuss why people follow them.  If I were a leader I would want to be followed for my skills. I pride myself on being self-motivated and educated. I believe that the more you know, the more you can teach others. I also believe that if people can trust you, if you are loyal, honest, and fair and people can comfortably talk to you, than it is hard not to have followers.  There are a number of personality traits that I most admire and why people follow them; the most important to me is trust. You must always strive to become a trusted leader if you want to produce consistent and great results. A leader needs to be trusted and be known to live their life with honestly and integrity. I also admire leaders who are confident. In order to lead and set direction a leader needs to appear confident as a person and in the leadership role. Such a person inspires confidence in others and draws out the trust and best efforts of the team to complete the task well. I also admire leaders who are good natured, outgoing, and friendly and warmhearted individuals who enjoy interacting and participating with others.
Applied Psychology Maladaptive Behavior  M6 Discussion Argosy University Do you agree with the diagnosis for Andrea Yates? I agree with the diagnosis that Andrea Yates is suffering from postpartum psychosis. Depression after childbirth is called postpartum depression. Hormonal changes may trigger symptoms of postpartum depression (Smith, 2010). When a woman is pregnant, her levels of the female hormones estrogen and progesterone increase greatly. In the first 24 hours after childbirth, hormone levels quickly return to normal (Smith, 2010). Researchers think the big change in hormone levels may lead to depression. This is much like the way smaller hormone changes can affect a woman’s moods before she gets her period (Smith, 2010). Do you agree with the verdict in her trial? To be honest, I understand that Andrea has issues with postpartum depression, but the fact of the matter remains that she murdered her own children. Therefore, I totally agree with the verdict in her trial. One year prior to murdering her children Andrea tried to commit suicide (Montaldo, 2011). At this point, I think her children should have been placed in a better living environment because if someone is willing to kill themselves then they are willing to kill another human being. I believe that her disorder was beyond extreme. Andrea stopped feeding her children and started mutilating herself (Montaldo, 2011). Not only do I believe that Andrea should not around her children alone but she shouldn’t have any more.  What changes, if any, should be made to the DSM-IV-TR to address this disorder? Postpartum depression is defined by the DSM-IV as the onset of depressive symptoms within 4 weeks of childbirth (Epperson, 1999). Symptoms are very similar to major depression, and can also include fluctuations in mood, preoccupation with infant well-being, as well as at times just the opposite, complete disinterest in the infant (Epperson, 1999). Therefore, I believe that the guidelines in the DSM-IV-TR to address this disorder should be modified. Although the DSM-IV suggests rigid guidelines in terms of time periods where this diagnosis should or should not be made, it is imperative to note that in medicine, as well as psychiatry and psychology, there is leeway (Epperson, 1999). Subsequently, at 4 weeks and 2 days, if the mother comes down with depressive symptoms, this diagnosis still should be made. Once a woman has had a postpartum episode, the risk of occurrence for future deliveries is approximately a 30-50% increase (Epperson, 1999). References: Argosy University Online. (2011). Eating Disorders. Retrieved February 7, 2011 from http://myeclassonline.com/ Epperson, C.N. (1999). Postpartum Major Depression: Detection and Treatment. American Family Physician. Retrieved February 7, 2011 from http://www.aafp.org/afp/990415ap/2247.html Montaldo, C. (2011). Profile of Andrea Yates. Retrieved February 7, 2011 from http://crime.about.com/od/current/p/andreayates.htm Smith, M. (2010). Postpartum Depression and the Baby Blues. Retrieved February 7, 2011 from http://helpguide.org/mental/postpartum_depression.htm
Interpersonal Effectiveness Advanced Psychology PSY492 M5 Discussion Argosy University What in your opinion was the primary psychological principle involved? What, if any other, psychological principles covered this week could explain that behavior?  In 1964, Kitty Genovese’s desperate cries for help were heard by at least thirty-eight people (Cherry, 2011). After being stabbed repeatedly over the course of thirty minutes, not a single one of the thirty-eight who later admitted to having witnessed the murder bothered to pick up the phone during the attack and call the police. Only one man called shortly after Kitty Genovese was dead (Cherry, 2011). In this case, bystanders are often reluctant to intervene in criminal emergencies because they fear possible danger to themselves or getting caught up in a situation that could lead to legal proceedings (Cherry, 2011). In this case, the witnesses of the murder of Kitty Genovese were in a reluctant state. Apparently, these acts of domestic disputes happen frequently in this community and often ignored. Another psychological principle could be that the witnesses believed that eventually someone else would call. In this case, the larger the group the greater the diffusion of responsibility, and the less likely someone is to intervene (Cherry, 2011). Reference: Cherry, K. (2011). The Bystander Effect:What is the Bystander Effect? http://psychology.about.com/od/developmentalpsychology/a/kohlberg.htm
My Future in Learning Learning is a lifelong process. How do you envision your future as a lifelong learner?
Contact Me Thank you for viewing my ePortfolio. For further information, please contact me at the e-mail address below.  Lanorris2003@yahoo.com

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Undergraduate Psychology ePortfolio

  • 1. 1 Undergraduate Studies ePortfolio Lanorris Spaulding Psychology, 2011
  • 2. Personal Statement My name is Lanorris Spaulding, I am a 26 year old, married, father to be. I am currently working as a Facilities Assistant at the Atlanta Journal-Constitution and a Linebacker Coach at The Atlanta Sports Academy. I am originally from Miami, FL, where I attended and graduated from Miami Northwestern Sr. High School. There I became a football All-American as well as a proud member of the Youth Crime Watch committee. My post-graduating goals are to obtain an entry-level position as a Career Counselor at the college level, in the Atlanta area. As well as, maintain my position as a Linebacker Coach at my prep-school, The Atlanta Sports Academy. In time I plan on elevating my career by earning my Masters in Career Counseling and coaching football at the Division 1 or Division 1-AA college level.
  • 3. Resume Lanorris Spaulding lanorris2003@yahoo.com Objective Statement To obtain a career working with a company to enhance my business and organizational skills and acquiring high achievements in order to be an integral part in the success of the company. Summary of Qualifications ▪ Enthusiastic contributor and supporter of team goals ▪ Knowledge of office practices and procedures ▪ Strong attention to detail ▪ Excellent organizational and communication skills ▪ Proven ability to prioritize and handle multiple tasks in a challenging environment
  • 4. Resume Education and Training Argosy University Atlanta, Georgia 10/2007- 04/2011 ▪ Psychology major ▪ Concentration: Career Counseling/ Human Resources ▪ National Society of Collegiate Scholars (NSCS) member since 2010 Northwestern Sr. High School Miami, FL 08/1999- 06/2003 ▪ Graduated with a high school diploma ▪ Football All-American Computer Skills ▪ Windows Vista, Windows XP and Mac ▪ Access, PowerPoint, Excel and Word ▪ Learns new software applications quickly Other Skills ▪ Organizational skills ▪ Head coach of little league football ▪ Youth Crime Watch member in high school
  • 5. Resume Employment Experience Atlanta Journal-Constitution  Atlanta, Georgia 06/2010- Present Facilities Assistant ▪ Work 40 hrs/wk while in college, and maintained a 3.3 G.P.A ▪ Responsible for mailroom by sorting and distributing incoming mail/packages to all employees, while maintaining a clean and safe mailroom and work area. ▪ Assist ensuring that an organization has the most suitable working environment for its employees and their activities. ▪ Assist in reducing operating costs while increasing productivity. ▪ Assist in planning best allocation and utilization of space and resources for new buildings, or re-organizing current premises. ▪ Assist in investigating availability and suitability of options for new purchases ▪ Assist in responding appropriately to emergencies or urgent issues as they arise. Ikon Office Solutions    Atlanta, GA 6/2007- 3/2010 Service Representative/ Mail Clerk ▪ Work 40 hrs/wk while in college, and maintained a 3.3 G.P.A ▪ Responsible for mailroom by sorting and distributing incoming mail/packages to all employees, while maintaining a clean and safe mailroom and work area. ▪ Collect outgoing mail and ensure that it is mailed. ▪ Perform shipping and receiving functions. ▪ Perform as back up to Receptionist as necessary, including breaks, lunch breaks and scheduled or unscheduled time off. ▪ Maintain adequate supply of mailing and shipping supplies, stationery and envelopes, copier/printer paper stock in-house. Monitor and order office and facility supplies. ▪ Utilizes computer to process complete memos, correspondence, reports, and other documents
  • 6. Resume Coca-Cola Enterprise    Daytona Beach, FL 12/2005- 3/2007 Loader/ Order Builder ▪ ­Build orders according to assigned load tickets using industrial power equipment. ▪ Manually lift and move product to restock and repack ensuring date code accuracy and proper rotation. ▪ Adhere to good manufacturing practices and safety standards. ▪ Responsible for meeting productivity requirements. ▪ Stage completed pallets in designated area. ­ Miami Dade Water and Sewage Department   Miami, FL Summer 2001 Office Assistant ▪ ­Filing Documents ▪ Organized Documents ▪ Utilized basic excel, word, outlook & power point programs Volunteer Work Volunteer - Coaching Sandy Springs Saints 12 year-old football team 2009 & 2010
  • 7. Reflection I have learned a lot over the last few years at Argosy University. I have learned how to read and interpret a lot better than I did in high school. I learned how to fully understand a topic by debating both sides of an argument equally well and how to think critically and creatively. Over the years I have learned how to synthesize and evaluate various psychological theories, and apply them to explain everyday events and experiences. This knowledge alone will be beneficial to me no matter what my focus is in the field of psychology. Most important I learned how to be disciplined. During my high school years I was content with having people ask me if I got assignments done or how I am doing in classes, that when I started attending Argosy University, I was forced to keep track of my own activities, due dates and assignments. I learned how to set goals and stick to the schedule I have set so that I can focus on my priorities and balance work with fun. I have also learned how important it is to build a network. I think it is important for college students to reach out to people that share your common interests. Despite being able to build on the strengths that I had prior to attending Argosy University, I have had a lot of weaknesses that are no longer burden. One of my biggest weaknesses was being a procrastinator. I found out early in my academic tenure here at Argosy that procrastination is the #1 cause of failing students in college. After almost failing a class due to this burden, I quickly became better at managing my studies with my leisure time.
  • 8. Table of Contents Cognitive Abilities: Critical Thinking and Information Literacy Research Skills Communication Skills: Oral and Written Ethics and Diversity Awareness Foundations of Psychology Applied Psychology Interpersonal Effectiveness **Include work samples and projects with a Title Page and organized accordingly to demonstrate each of the Program Outcomes above
  • 9. Critical Thinking Advanced Psychology PSY492 Discussion 3 Assignment Argosy University Which of the three behaviorists, in your opinion, offers the most compelling argument for the use of behaviorism when teaching a new subject to an adult and to a child? In my opinion I believe that B. F. Skinner’s theory offers the most compelling argument for the use of behaviorism when teaching a new subject to an adult. Skinner developed the theory of operant conditioning, the idea that we behave the way we do because this kind of behavior has had certain consequences in the past (Boeree, 2006). For example, if your boss gives you a check on Friday when you work all week, you will be likely to work all week when you want a check on Friday. You will be acting in expectation of a certain reward therefore our experience of reinforcements determines our behavior (Boeree, 2006). In my opinion I believe that Ivan Pavlov’s theory offers the most compelling argument for the use of behaviorism when teaching a new subject to a child. Pavlov studied reflexes, automatic behavior that is caused by a stimulusfrom the environment (Plaud, 2003). Such reflexes like the sucking of a baby when something is put in his/her mouth. This automatic behavior can be manipulated. This is called conditioning. In this conditioning process, an unconditional stimulus is given to a person. This stimulus causes a reflex on its own, when the unconditional stimulus is now given to the person together with a stimulus that does not cause a reflex on its own (Plaud, 2003). An unconditional stimulus is given together with a conditional stimulus, because the presence of the unconditional stimulus, the reflex is caused. After a while, the unconditional stimulus is not offered any more and the conditional stimulus will now cause the reflex on its own (Plaud, 2003). Reference: Boeree, C.G. (2006). B. F. Skinner. Personality Theories. http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/skinner.html Plaud, J.J. (2003). Pavlov and the Foundation of Behavior Therapy. http://www.ucm.es/info/Psi/docs/journal/v6_n2_2003/art147.pdf
  • 10. Research Skills Organizational Behavior MGT302 UB M6 Discussion Argosy University An analysis of how you would most effectively deal with conflict in a managerial or a subordinate position. This analysis should take into account your personal-conflict handling style. Based on my results from the Conflict Management Style Survey, I would most effectively deal with conflict in a managerial or a subordinate position by collaborating. Collaborating is a management style that tries to meet the needs of all people involved. These people can be highly assertive but unlike the competitor, they cooperate effectively and acknowledge that everyone is important (Hall, 1969). This style is useful when you need to bring together a variety of viewpoints to get the best solution; when there have been previous conflicts in the group; or when the situation is too important for a simple trade-off (Billikopf, 2009). The win-win approach sees conflict resolution as an opportunity to come to a mutually beneficial result. It includes identifying the underlying concerns of the opponents and finding an alternative which meets each party's concerns. An analysis of how you would like to change your usual way of dealing with conflict to make conflict management more effective in different situations. I believe that a starting point for dealing with conflict is to identify the overriding conflict style employed by you. Over time, people's conflict management styles tend to mesh, and a right way to solve conflict emerges. It's good to recognize when this style can be used effectively, however it is important to understand that different styles may suit different situations. For example, the collaborating style may only be appropriate when consensus and commitment of other parties is important, when it is required to address the interests of multiple stakeholders, and when you need to work through hard feelings and animosity (Billikopf, 2009). In order to recognize when I need to change my approach I should first raise the issue, then discover the underlying interests, and last develop an agreement based on proven objectives (AUO, 2011). This three step process will allow me to evaluate the conflict and utilize the appropriate approach. References: Argosy University Online (2011). Conflict and Negotiations. Retrieved February 14, 2011 from http://myeclassonline.com/ Hall, J. (1969). Conflict-Management Style. The Leadership Center At Washington State University. Retrieved February 14, 2011 from http://www.afc-ispi.org/Repository/Conflict-Management%20survey.pdf Billikopf, G. (2009). Conflict Management Skills. Retrieved February 14, 2011 from http://cnr.berkeley.edu/ucce50/ag-labor/7labor/13.htm
  • 11. Communication Skills: Oral and Written Advanced Psychology PSY492 M6 Discussion Argosy University What can an interviewer do to increase the accuracy of what children say when questioned? There are a number of things an interviewer can do to increase the accuracy of what children say when questioned. Interviewers must avoid preexisting preconceptions about what happened and encourage children to tell about relevant events in their own words and interviews should be taped (Annon, 2009). Often interviewers slip into interviewing behaviors that risk compromising the reliability of the information obtained. Although children are capable of providing accurate, reliable, and forensically useful information, they are vulnerable to suggestion (Annon, 2009). Leading, suggestive, or coercive questioning can not only result in a child making inaccurate statements, it can cause the child to develop a subjectively real memory for an event that never happened (Annon, 2009). I believe that the most important rule an interviewer should be aware of is to interview the child alone, unless he/she is too young to be separated from their parents (Annon, 2009). A parent or other supportive adult sitting in on the interview can intentionally or inadvertently cue the child and contaminate the interview. The only exception to this is when a very young child refuses to separate from a parent (Annon, 2009). But this is not desirable and in such cases the parent should be cautioned not to participate in the interview. I would also recommend that the interviewer should build a rapport at the beginning (Annon, 2009). The main purpose of this part of the interview is to talk about neutral topics and help the child become more comfortable. The interviewer should avoid asking a series of closed and forced choice questions during this phase of the interview (Annon, 2009). Reference: Annon, J.S. (2009). Recommended Guidelines for Interviewing Children in Cases of Alleged Sexual Abuse. IPT Journal. http://www.ipt-forensics.com/journal/volume6/j6_3_2.htm
  • 12. Ethics and Diversity Awareness Advanced Psychology PSY492 M3 Discussion Argosy University After identifying how the employer allegedly discriminated, explain why the actions as described were wrong and what would have been a legal way to handle each of the described situations? After reading the case study I found that the chief executive of a California software company asked his employee to decide whether she wanted a job promotion because she was six months pregnant. She then replied that the timing wasn’t right she was then told to consider leaving the company (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, & Wright, 2009). I truly believe that the employer discriminated against his six month pregnant employee. I don’t believe that she should be threatened with her job because she feels she can’t manage more responsibility along the stress and pressure of being pregnant. The best way to handle this situation is to still consider her as a strong candidate, if she is qualified, and if she is the best candidate, recommend that she takes a leave of absence when she is close to her due date and then reassure her that her job is as safe as it was when she was promoted. The next situation talks about a pregnant woman who was laid off because she would soon be taking maternity leave and was not her family’s sole breadwinner (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, & Wright, 2009). This company was completely wrong; I don’t think that any woman should lose her job because of being pregnant. I believe that if a company values you as an employee, they should be happy for you and can’t wait to have you back. Granting the employee maternity leave is the least I can do to show her just how much she means to us as an employee. The last situation explains how a newly hired receptionist was asked to reapply for her receptionist position after the company found out that she was pregnant, this situation was an unfair act of discrimination (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, & Wright, 2009). I don’t think its fair for a woman to lose her job because she is pregnant. The legal way to handle this situation is to have a meeting with the employee and ask her questions about her pregnancy, and try to make arrangements that won’t affect her job status. References: Gerhart, Barry; Hollenbeck, R. John; Noe, A. Raymond; Wright, M. Patrick. 2009. Fundamentals of Human Resource Management. McGraw-Hill, New York, NY.
  • 13. Foundations of Psychology Organizational Behavior MGT302 UB M5 Discussion Argosy University If you were a leader of a team, what would you like to be followed for? Think of your personality traits and your own values in your answer. Describe the personality traits of a leader that you most admire, and discuss why people follow them. If I were a leader I would want to be followed for my skills. I pride myself on being self-motivated and educated. I believe that the more you know, the more you can teach others. I also believe that if people can trust you, if you are loyal, honest, and fair and people can comfortably talk to you, than it is hard not to have followers. There are a number of personality traits that I most admire and why people follow them; the most important to me is trust. You must always strive to become a trusted leader if you want to produce consistent and great results. A leader needs to be trusted and be known to live their life with honestly and integrity. I also admire leaders who are confident. In order to lead and set direction a leader needs to appear confident as a person and in the leadership role. Such a person inspires confidence in others and draws out the trust and best efforts of the team to complete the task well. I also admire leaders who are good natured, outgoing, and friendly and warmhearted individuals who enjoy interacting and participating with others.
  • 14. Applied Psychology Maladaptive Behavior M6 Discussion Argosy University Do you agree with the diagnosis for Andrea Yates? I agree with the diagnosis that Andrea Yates is suffering from postpartum psychosis. Depression after childbirth is called postpartum depression. Hormonal changes may trigger symptoms of postpartum depression (Smith, 2010). When a woman is pregnant, her levels of the female hormones estrogen and progesterone increase greatly. In the first 24 hours after childbirth, hormone levels quickly return to normal (Smith, 2010). Researchers think the big change in hormone levels may lead to depression. This is much like the way smaller hormone changes can affect a woman’s moods before she gets her period (Smith, 2010). Do you agree with the verdict in her trial? To be honest, I understand that Andrea has issues with postpartum depression, but the fact of the matter remains that she murdered her own children. Therefore, I totally agree with the verdict in her trial. One year prior to murdering her children Andrea tried to commit suicide (Montaldo, 2011). At this point, I think her children should have been placed in a better living environment because if someone is willing to kill themselves then they are willing to kill another human being. I believe that her disorder was beyond extreme. Andrea stopped feeding her children and started mutilating herself (Montaldo, 2011). Not only do I believe that Andrea should not around her children alone but she shouldn’t have any more. What changes, if any, should be made to the DSM-IV-TR to address this disorder? Postpartum depression is defined by the DSM-IV as the onset of depressive symptoms within 4 weeks of childbirth (Epperson, 1999). Symptoms are very similar to major depression, and can also include fluctuations in mood, preoccupation with infant well-being, as well as at times just the opposite, complete disinterest in the infant (Epperson, 1999). Therefore, I believe that the guidelines in the DSM-IV-TR to address this disorder should be modified. Although the DSM-IV suggests rigid guidelines in terms of time periods where this diagnosis should or should not be made, it is imperative to note that in medicine, as well as psychiatry and psychology, there is leeway (Epperson, 1999). Subsequently, at 4 weeks and 2 days, if the mother comes down with depressive symptoms, this diagnosis still should be made. Once a woman has had a postpartum episode, the risk of occurrence for future deliveries is approximately a 30-50% increase (Epperson, 1999). References: Argosy University Online. (2011). Eating Disorders. Retrieved February 7, 2011 from http://myeclassonline.com/ Epperson, C.N. (1999). Postpartum Major Depression: Detection and Treatment. American Family Physician. Retrieved February 7, 2011 from http://www.aafp.org/afp/990415ap/2247.html Montaldo, C. (2011). Profile of Andrea Yates. Retrieved February 7, 2011 from http://crime.about.com/od/current/p/andreayates.htm Smith, M. (2010). Postpartum Depression and the Baby Blues. Retrieved February 7, 2011 from http://helpguide.org/mental/postpartum_depression.htm
  • 15. Interpersonal Effectiveness Advanced Psychology PSY492 M5 Discussion Argosy University What in your opinion was the primary psychological principle involved? What, if any other, psychological principles covered this week could explain that behavior? In 1964, Kitty Genovese’s desperate cries for help were heard by at least thirty-eight people (Cherry, 2011). After being stabbed repeatedly over the course of thirty minutes, not a single one of the thirty-eight who later admitted to having witnessed the murder bothered to pick up the phone during the attack and call the police. Only one man called shortly after Kitty Genovese was dead (Cherry, 2011). In this case, bystanders are often reluctant to intervene in criminal emergencies because they fear possible danger to themselves or getting caught up in a situation that could lead to legal proceedings (Cherry, 2011). In this case, the witnesses of the murder of Kitty Genovese were in a reluctant state. Apparently, these acts of domestic disputes happen frequently in this community and often ignored. Another psychological principle could be that the witnesses believed that eventually someone else would call. In this case, the larger the group the greater the diffusion of responsibility, and the less likely someone is to intervene (Cherry, 2011). Reference: Cherry, K. (2011). The Bystander Effect:What is the Bystander Effect? http://psychology.about.com/od/developmentalpsychology/a/kohlberg.htm
  • 16. My Future in Learning Learning is a lifelong process. How do you envision your future as a lifelong learner?
  • 17. Contact Me Thank you for viewing my ePortfolio. For further information, please contact me at the e-mail address below. Lanorris2003@yahoo.com

Editor's Notes

  1. Lifelong learn builds new skills and knowledge that opens new paths to other successful ventures!