1. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 1
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
GNADNUBATIK - ATADREPMUKUHGNADNU
)eisenodnIroovkeobteWkjilregruB(
UTASEKUKUB
GNARO
IBAB
NAAGRAWEKKAHNAGNALIHEKNADITAMKINEM
)aohgnoiTnagnoloGigaBnad,aohgnoiTnakuBgnisArumiTnagnoloGigaBukalreB(
1lasaP
kahitamkineM - itnaagrawekkah kahadapgnutnagretkad - .naaragenekkah
2lasaP
kanaisnagnitnepekilakpaites,rihalhaletpaggnaidnaupmerepgnaroesnagnudnakmaladadagnaykanA
.adahanrepkaditpaggnaidaid,nakrihalidutkawesitamhaletaliB.aynikadnehgnem
3lasaP
utausadaiT kahalagesayngnalihuata,atadrepnaitameknaktabikagnemgnaynupnamukuh - .naagrawekkah
IIBAB
ATKA - LIPISNATATACATKA
,aohgnoiTnakuBgnisArumiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBkadiT( )aohgnoiTnagnoloGigaBnad
1NAIGAB
aynmumUadaPlipiSnatataCratfaD
saP 4la
nautneteK01lasaPmaladnautnetekignarugnemapnaT - gnadnurePmumUnautnetek - ,aisenodnIidnagnadnu
ratfad,niwakniziratfad,niwakropalratfad,narihalekratfadadaaisenodnIhurulesidaporEnagnologigabakam
ratfadnad,naiarecrepnadnaniwakrep .naitamek iawageP ratfadnakaraggneleynemnaksagutidgnay - ratfad
.lipiSnatataCiawagePnakamanid,tubesret
5lasaP
aracnadtapmet,iridnesretnarutarepnagnednakutnenemgnugAhamakhaMragnednemhaletes,nediserP
ratfadnakaraggneleynem - tubesretratfad atkanusuynemaracalupnaikimed, - taraysnadatka - surahgnaytarays
namukuhagujnakmutnacidsurahutinarutarepmalaD.nakitahrepid - naraggnaleppadahretnamukuh -
helonaraggnalep iawageP eknagnedrutaidnakakadituatamulebutilahhuajes,lipiSnatataC gnadnunautnet -
.anadipmukuhgnadnu
2NAIGAB
napeDamaNnahaburePnad,amaNnahabureP,amaN
a5lasaP
.aynkapabnanurutekamaniakamem,aynkapabheloiukaidgnaynumanhaskaditkanaagujnad,haskanA

2. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 2
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
b5lasaP
kanA - heloiukaidkaditgnayhaskaditkana .aynubinanurutekamaniakamem,aynkapab
6lasaP
aynamanadapnialamannakhabmanemuata,aynnanurutekamanitnaggnemnakhelobrepidnupgnaroeskaT
.nediserPniziapnat apaisgnaraB libmagnemnakhelobrepid,aynnapedamanuatananuruteklanekidkaditaman
.nediserPnizinagnednaklasa,napedamanuatananurutekamanutaus
7lasaP
irahialumgnutihret,nalubtapmeutkawakgnajsibahmulebesnaklubakidtapadkaditutikutnunizinanohomreP
.arageNatireBmaladutinanohomrepnaatirebmep
8lasaP
ajamaleS kahip,ulalgnaylasapmaladtubesretutkawakgn - nakhelobrepidnagnitnepekrebgnaykahip
rasad,nanohomreptarusnagned,nediserPadapeknakakumegnem - natarebekidajnempaggnaakeremgnayrasad
.tubesretnanohomrepgnatnenemkutnu
9lasaP
aylahmaladaliB tarusakam,naklubakidutinanohomrep6lasaPamatrepaenilamaladduskamidgn
anamiawagep,nohomepislaggnittapmetidlipisnatataciawagepadapeknakiapmasidsurahaynnapatenep
actaubmemnad,nalajrebgnadesgnayratfadukubmaladaynnaksilunemsurah nigramadaputilahgnatnetnatat
.nohomepisnarihalekatka
aenilaturunemnakujaidgnaynanohomrepaynnaklubakidnagnednaanekrebnakirebidgnaynapateneptaruS
gnaylaggnittapmetidnalajrebgnadesgnaynarihalekratfadmaladnakukubid,6lasaPaudek nadnatukgnasreb
tatacid,aporEnagnoloGkutnulipiSnatataCgnatnetnemelgeRamatrepaenila34lasaPduskamret!ahmalad
.narihalekatkanigramadapalup
adnediserPakam,ulalgnayaenilamaladduskamidgnayitrepesnaklubakidkaditnanohomreputausakiJ tap
surahimnapateneptaruS.nagnitnepekrebgnayadapeknapedamanuatananurutekamanutausnakirebmem
gnaylasapnautneteknagnediausesnakukalid ulal .
01lasaP
nautneteknagnediausesamanutausaynhelorepiD - ,ulalgnaylasaptapmeekmaladnautnetek ilakes - kaditilak
.araduaskanasnagnubuhaynadaitkublagabesnakujaidhelob
11lasaP
apnat,aynamanadapnapedamannakhabmanemuatanapedamanhabugnemnakhelobrepidnupgnaroesadaiT
,utikutnunanohomrepsataaynlaggnittapmetiregeNnalidagnePnizi .naaskajeKnabawajragnednemhaletes
21lasaP
surahaynnapateneptarusakam,napedamannahabmanepuatanaitnaggnepnaknizignemiregeNnalidagnePaliB
aynnakukubmemsurahutiiawagepnad,nohomepislaggnittapmetlipiSnatataCiawagePadapeknakiapmasid
.narihalekatkanigramadapalupayntatacnemnad,nalajrebgnadesgnayratfadmalad
3NAIGAB
atkAnalutebmeP aynnahabmanePnadlipiSnatataC
)aohgnoiTnagnoloGigaBnad,aohgnoiTnakuBgnisArumiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBkadiT(
31lasaP
kaditratfadaliB gnalihhaletuata,adahanrep iuslapid ,kasuriduatanakpalegid,nakhansumid,kebor,habuid,
,natasesektapadretnakukubidgnayatkamaladalibuatautiratfadmaladtapadretkaditgnayatkaadaalib
lahakamnialnahalasekuatanaurilekek - mtapadutilah uatanahabmanepnakadagnemkutnurasadidajne
.utiratfadmaladnakiabrep

3. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 3
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
41lasaP
ratfadaynmukuhhareadidgnay,iregeNnalidagnePadapeknakujaidtapadaynahutikutnunanohomreP - ratfad
utikutnunadnakaraggnelesidaynsurahesuatanakaraggnelesiduti libmagnemnakairegeNnalidagneP
kahipnadnaaskajekragnednemhaletesnasutupek - nagnednadnasalapukucadaalibnagnitnepekrebgnaykahip
.gnidnabnatapmesekignarugnemkadit
51lasaP
kahiparatnaukalrebaynahininasutupeK - tanohomemhaletgnaykahip .liggnapidhanrepgnayua
61lasaP
surah,patetnataukekhelorepmemhaletgnay,atkaadapnahabmanepuatanalutebmepgnatnetnasutupekaumeS
ratfadmaladlipiSnatataCiawagePhelonakitkubid - nadnaktibretidhaletesaregesnalajrebgnadesgnayratfad
alib nautneteknagnediauses,ikiabrepidgnayatkanigramadapnakatirebidsurahutilahnakiabrepada - nautnetek
.lipiSnatataCgnatnetnemelgeR
IIIBAB
ILISIMODUATALAGGNITTAPMET
ohgnoiTnagnoloGigaBnad,aohgnoiTnakuBgnisArumiTnagnoloGigaBukalreB( )a
71lasaP
tapmetadakaditaliB.aynnamaidektasupnakidajidgnaytapmetidlaggnittapmetrebpaggnaidgnaropaiteS
.aynlaggnittapmetiagabespaggnaidaynhuggnusesgnaynamaidektapmetakam,naikimedgnaynamaidek
81lasaP
retlaggnittapmetnahabureP kutnutainiatresidnialtapmetekataynaraceshamurhadnipnagnedidaj
.anasidaynnamaidektasupnaktapmenem
91lasaP
gnaytapmetidkiab,nahatniremePalapeKadapeknaataynrepnakiapmaynemnagnednakitkubidutitaiN
uttapmetidnupuam,naklaggnitid gnatnetitkubakam,naataynrepadakaditaliB.namaidekhamurhadnipnauj
iradnaklupmisidsurahutitainaynada naadaek - aynnaadaek .
02lasaP
akeremtapmetidlaggnittapmetrebpaggnaid,mumusanidnaknalajnemkutnunaksagutidgnayakereM
nidnakanaskalem .sa
12lasaP
niallaggnittapmetiaynupmemkadit,gnajnarnadajemhasipkaditnadniwakhaletgnaynaupmerepgnaroeS
kana;aynimauslaggnittapmetadapirad - audeknadutashalaslaggnittapmetitukignemrumuhawabidkana
nakukalemgnayakeremautgnaro gnaro;akeremilawlaggnittapmetuata,akeremsataautgnaronaasaukek -
.akeremnaupmagneplaggnittapmetitukignemnaupmagnephawabidadarebgnayasawedgnaro
22lasaP
ggnittapmetiaynupmemhurub,ulalgnaylasapmaladnautnetekignarugnemkaditnagneD nakijamhamuridla
.aynnagnedhamureslaggnitakeremalibakerem
32lasaP
gnayaynlaggnittapmethamurhaladaainudlaggninemgnaygnaroesesnaitamekhamuriagabespaggnaidgnaY
.rihkaret

4. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 4
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
42lasaP
audek,utnetretlaosutauspadahretnadatkautausmalaD hilimemkutnusabebkahiputashalasuatakahip
,kaltumaracesnakukalidtapadutinahilimeP.aynranebesgnaylaggnittapmetadapiradnialgnaylaggnittapmet
namiagabesapurnaikimedesisatabidtapaduata,mikaHnasutupnaanaskalepitupilemiapmasnakhab a
tarusinilahmalaD.kahiputashalasuatakahipaudekheloikadnehekid - natagug,atisurujtarus - uatanatagug
natutnut - natutnut hilipidgnaylaggnittapmetidnakukalidhelobutiatkamaladduskamretuatamutnacretgnay
nad akumid ilaggnittapmetmikaH .ut
52lasaP
gnisam,itakapesidkaditaynkilabeslahaliB - kutnuhilipidgnaylaggnittapmethabugnemhelobkahipgnisam
nadamalgnaylaggnittapmetiradaynhuajlaphulupesnadhibelkaditurabgnaylaggnittapmetnaklasa,aynirid
hatirebidutinahaburep .nawalkahip/nialgnaykahipadapeknaku
VIBAB
NANIWAKREP
,aohgnoiTnakuBgnisArumiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBkadiT( )aohgnoiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBipateT
mumUnautneteK
62lasaP
gnadnU - nagnubuhmaladaynahnaniwakreplaosgnadnamemgnadnu - pnagnubuh .atadre
1NAIGAB
tarayS - naniwakrePnakukaleMtapaDkutnuihunepidsuraHgnayutauseSalageSnadtarays
,gnisArumiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBkadiT( )aohgnoiTnagnoloGigabukalreBipateT
lasaP 72
kreptakirethelobaynahikalelgnaroes,amasgnayutkawadaP nad;ajasnaupmerepgnaroutasnagnednaniwa
.ajasikalelgnaroutasnagnedaynahnaupmerepgnaroes
82lasaP
.irtsinolacnadimausnolacnadsabebnaujutesrepaynadaikadnehgnemnaniwakrepsasA
92lasaP
ikaL - salebnapaledrumuiapacnemmulebgnayikal rumuiapacnemmulebgnaynaupmerepnadhunepnuhat
nasalaadaakijnumaN.naniwakrepnakadagnemnaknanekrepidkadit,hunepnuhatsalebamil - ,gnitnepnasala
.isasnepsidnakirebmemnagnedininagnaralnaksupahgnemtapadnediserP
03lasaP
gnaralidnaniwakreP sataeksiragmaladharadnagnubuhiaynupmemaynnialamasutasgnayakeremaratna
anerakuata,haskaditgnaynarihalekaneraknupuamhasgnaynarihalekanerakkiab,hawabeksiragnupuam
merepikalkidarebkakakaratna,gnipmaseksiragmalad;naniwakrep .haskadituatahas,naup
13lasaP
:naniwakrepgnaralidaguJ
.1 ikalrapiaratna - gnayirtsiuataimausalibilaucek,haskadituatahas,naupmereprapinadikal
mausisnaridahkaditekrasadsataalibuatalaggninemhaletutinarapirepaynidajretnakbabeynem isuatai
naniwakrepnakukalemkutnulaggnitgnayirtsiuataimausadapekmikaHhelonizinakirebidhaletirtsi
;nial

5. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 5
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
.2 aratnaalupnaikimed,nakanemeknaupmerepnakanemeknagnedautgnaronamapuatanadnamaparatna
nakanemeknagnedautgnaroibibuataibib ikal - nasalaadaakiJ.haskadituatahasgnay,nakanemekikal -
gnaynagnaralnaksupahgnemasaukreb,isasnepsidnakirebmemnagnednediserP,gnitnepnasala
.inilasapmaladmutnacret
23lasaP
kalemnakataynidhaletnalidagnepnasutupeknagnedgnaygnaroeseS ilakes,aniznaku - naknanekrepidkaditilak
.utiaynaniznagnasapnagnedniwak
33lasaP
gnaroaratnA - ,°4uata°3romon991lasaPnautneteknagnediausesnakrabubidhaletaynnaniwakrepgnaygnaro
niwakrepnakanaskalidaynilakaudekkutnunakhelobrepidkadit kajesnuhatutasuapmalhaletesilaucekna
aratnatujnalhibelnaniwakreP.lipiSnatataCratfadmaladnakratfadidgnayakeremnaniwakrepnarabubmep
gnaro - .gnaralidamasgnaygnaro
43lasaP
k,urabnaniwakrepnakukalemnakhelobrepidkaditnaupmerepgnaroeS agitutkawakgnajuapmalhaletesilauce
.rihkaretgnaynaniwakrepnarabubmepkajesirahsutar
53lasaP
.aynautgnaroaudeknizinakulrememrumuhawabidhaskana,naniwakrepnakanaskalemkutnU ipatetnakA
dniziirebmemakeremnadgnaroeshalasaynahalib uataautgnaronaasaukeknadtacepidhaletaynnialgnayna
,aynnanohomrepsata,utikanalaggnittapmethareadidiregeNnalidagnePakam,utikanasatanailawrep
mhasnagnedliggnamemuataragnednemhaletes,utinaniwakrepnakukalemniziirebmemgnanewreb akere
agraulekuataharadesagraulekatresebtaraysidajnemaynnizignay - .adnemesagraulek autgnaroutashalasaliB
helorepidpukucniziakam,aynkadneheknakataynemupmamkatnaadaekmaladadarebuatalaggninemhalet
nad autgnaro .nialgnay
63lasaP
eS kana,ulalgnaylasapmaladnaksurahidgnaynizinial - nadniziagujnakulrememasawedmulebgnayhaskana
utinizialib;akeremubiuatakapabadapiradnialgnarohaladanailawrepnakukalemgnayalib,akeremilaw
autiilawnagnedniwakkutnunakhelobrepid ,surulsiragmaladaynharadesagrauleknadutashalasnagneduat
.sawagnepilawnadnizinakulrepid
,aynnailawrepuataautgnaronaasaukeknadtacepidhaletgnayubiuatakapabuatasawagnepilawuatailawaliB
ataynemtapadkadituataniziirebmemkalonem ,ulalgnaylasapaudekaenilahalukalrebakam,aynkadneheknak
naklasa autgnaro nakirebmemhaletaynkanasataaynnailawrepuataautgnaronaasaukeknadtacepidkaditgnay
.utinizi
73lasaP
itnaadaekmaladadarebuatalaggninemhaletubiuatakapabaliB ,akeremkadneheknakataynemupmamkad
gnisamakeremakam - kaditnadpudihhisamakeremhuajes,akeremautgnarohelonakitnagidsurahgnisam
.amasgnaynaadaekmalad
gnaroadapiradnialgnaroaliB - kanasatanailawrepnakukalemsataidtubesidgnaygnaro - ana rumuhawabidk
uatailawiradniziigalnakulrememkanais,ulalgnayaenilamaladduskamidgnayitrepeslahmaladakam,uti
gnaynakududeknaadebrepnagnediauses,sawagnepilawuatatapadnepnaadebrepadainilasapaudaenila
lalgnaylasapmaladtaubid nakulrepidaynnizignayakeremaratnaalib,ukalreb53lasaPaudekaenilA.u
kadithibeluatautashalasalibuatatapadnepnaadebrepadainilasapaudaenilauatautasaenilaturunem
.aynnairidnepnakataynem
83lasaP
ennadkekakatresubinadkapabaliB katnaadaekmaladadarebaumesakeremalibuata,adakaditkanaisken
naniwakrepnakukalemhelobkaditrumuhawabidhisamgnayhaskana,akeremkadneheknakataynemupmam
.aynsawagnepilawnadilawniziapnat

6. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 6
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
alasuata,sawagnepilawnupuamilawkiabaliB kadituataniziirebmemkutnukalonem,akeremiradgnaroesh
sata,rumuhawabidhisamgnaykanalaggnittapmethareadidiregeNnalidagnePakam,nairidnepnakataynem
muataragnednemhaletes,naniwakrepnakukalemkutnuniziirebmemgnanewrebaynnanohomrep liggname
.adnemesagraulekuataharadesagrauleknadsawagnepilaw,ilawhasnagned
93lasaP
niziapnatnaniwakrepnakukalemhelobkadit,rumuhawabidhisamamales,hasiukaidgnayniwakraulkanA
audekhuajes,ayniukagnemgnayubinadkapab - uataaynaud maladadarebkaditnadpudihhisamgnaroeshalas
.akeremkadneheknakataynemupmamkatnaadaek
akam,utikanasatanailawrepnakukalemgnaynialgnaroayniukagnemgnayubiuatakapabpudihasamesaliB
ilawnaduatautiilawiradnizihelorepidalupsurah nagnednaniwakrepkutnunakulrepidutinizialibsawagnep
.surulsiragmaladharadesagrauleknadgnaroeshalasnagneduatairidnesutiilaw
nad,audeknadamatrepaenilaturunemnakulrepidaynnizignayakeremaratnatapadnepnahisilesrepidajretaliB
alas laggnittapmetmukuhhareadidiregeNnalidagnePakam,utiniziirebmemkalonemhibeluatagnaroesh
,naniwakrepnakukalemkutnuniziirebmemasaukreb,kanaisnanohomrepsata,utirumuhawabidgnaykana
akeremhasnagnedliggnamemuataragnednemhaletes ubinupuatakapabkiabaliB.nakulrepidaynnizignay
nakataynemupmamkaditnaadaekmaladadarebuatalaggninemhaletutirumuhawabidkanaiukagnemgnay
.sawagnepilawnadilawiradnizinakulrepid,aynkadnehek
audekaliB - alonemgnaroeshalasuataaynaud akam,nairidnepnakataynemkadituata,niziirebmemkutnuk
agraulekuataharadesagraulekianegnemutisidnakutnetidgnayapailaucek,audekaenila83lasaPukalreb
.adnemes
04lasaP
atnaniwakrepnakukalemhelobkadit,iukaidkaditgnayhaskaditkanA amales,sawagnepilawuatailawniziapn
audekaliB.rumuhawabidhisamai - kutnuuatanizinakirebmemkutnukalonem,gnaroeshalasuata,aynaudek
,utirumuhawabidhisamgnaykanalaggnittapmetmukuhhareadidiregeNnalidagneP,nairidnepnakataynem
ata ilawhasnagnedliggnamemuataragnednemhaletes,utikutnunizinakirebmemasaukreb,aynnanohomreps
.kanaissawagnepilawuata
14lasaP
napateneP - lahmaladiregeNnalidagnePnapatenep - nakirebid,ulalgnaylasapmanemaladduskamretgnaylah
utnebapnat napateneP.aracamukuhk - gnaynupuam,nizinanohomrepnaklubagnemgnaykiab,utinapatenep
.gnidnabnaknohomidtapadkadit,kalonem
akeremalib.ulalgnaylasapmanemaladduskamretgnayitrepesnakulrepidaynnizignayakeremragnedneM
idlaggnittapmetreb adapeknakhapmilidhelob,utiiregennalidagnepnakududektapmetnetapubakraul
nakiapmaynemnakaimiregeNnalidagneP,akeremnakududektapmetuatalaggnittapmetidiregeNnalidagneP
ggnameP.amatreptubesidgnayiregeNnalidagnePadapekaynaracaatireb .nakulrepidaynnizignayakeremnali
.adnemesagrauleknadharadesagraulekgnatnet333lasaPmaladnakutnetidgnayitrepesaracnagnednakukalid
naklikawemhelob,rihkarettubesidgnayakeremnupuata,amatreptubesidgnayakereM irid itrepesaracnagned
y .433lasaPmaladmutnacretgna
24lasaP
nadkapabnizinohomemkutnubijawaguj,nuhathulupagitpanegmulebipatet,asawedhaletgnayhaskanA
naaratnarepnohomemhelobaI,utinizihelorepmemkaditaialiB.naniwakrepnakukalemkutnuaynubi
nalidagneP nautneteknakhadniidsurahutilahmaladnadaynlaggnittapmetiregeN - lasapmaladnautnetek - lasap
.tukireb
34lasaP
,iregeNnalidagnePheloulreppaggnaidakijnialgnayutkawakgnajmaladuata,uggnimagitutkawmalaD
arusnaujagnepirahiradgnutihret ,ubinadkapabnakpadahgnemahasurebsurahnalidagneP,utinanohomrept
nasalejnepirebidakeremadapekpututretgnadisutausmaladraga,utikanaatreseb - paggnaidgnaynasalejnep
gnisamnagnitnepekimednalidagnepheloanugreb - pnaumetrepianegneM.gnisam kahi - surahtubesretkahip
nasalanakmutnacnemapnataracaatirebtaubid - .nakakumekakeremgnaynasala
44lasaP

7. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 7
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
gnayatkanakujnunepnagnednakgnusgnalidtapadnaniwakrep,ridahkaditaynubinupuamaynkahipkiabaliB
.utinaridahkaditeknaktahilrepmem
saP 54la
nakujaidnanohomrephadusesilaucek,nakanaskalidtapadkaditaynnaniwakrepakam,ridahkaditutikanaaliB
.nalidagnepnaaratnarepkutnuigalilakes
64lasaP
gnaroaudek,ridahautgnaroutashalasuataaynautgnaroaudeknadutikanahaduses,aliB halasuatautiaut
iradgnutihretnalubagituapmalmulebalibnakanaskalidhelobkaditnaniwakrepakam,kalonempatetgnaroes
.utinaumetrepirah
74lasaP
nautneteK - padahrethaskatkanakutnuukalrebagujinirihkaretlasapamilmaladnautnetek dkapab gnayubina
.ayniukagnem
84lasaP
nadisasnepsidirebmemasaukrebnediserP,aisenodnIidadarebkaditutashalasuataautgnaroaudekaynarikeS
nabijawek - 74lasaPnagnediapmas24lasaPmaladmutnacretgnaynabijawek
94lasaP
gnumkaditeknaitregnepmalaD arapigabnanik autgnaro kanaadapekniziirebmemkutnukenenkekakarapuata
lahmalad,naniwakrepnakukalemkutnurumuhawabid - ilakes,93nad73,53lasaPmaladrutaidgnaylah - ilak
suretnaridahkaditekkusamretkadit - aisenodnIidaratnemesuatasurenem .
2NAIGAB
suraHgnayaracA iuluhadneM naniwakreP
hgnoiTnakuB.gnisArumiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBkadiT( )aohgnoiTnagnoloGigaBnad,ao
05lasaP
natataCiawagePadapekutilahnakuhatirebmemsurah,naniwakrepnakgnusgnalemkadnehgnaygnaroaumeS
lipiS .kahiputashalaslaggnittapmetid
15lasaP
salejpukucnagnedgnaytarusnagnednupuam,gnusgnalaraceskiab,nakukalidsurahininauhatirebmeP
imausnolacaudektainnaktahilrepmem - heloatkahaubestaubidsurahutinauhatirebmepgnatnetnad,irtsi
ageP .lipiSnatataCiaw
25lasaP
taruslepmenemnadutilahnakmumugnemsurahlipiSnatataCiawageP,utinaniwakrepnaanaskalepmulebeS
ratfadnanapmiyneptapmetgnudegamatuutnipadapnamumugnep - patetsurahutitaruS.utilipiSnatataCratfad
maleslepmetret nakamasidgnayuggniMirahadapnakgnusgnalidhelobkaditutinamumugneP.irahhulupesa
irah,lataNirah,atsoketnaPnadaudekhaksaPirah,uraBnuhaTirahhalaiinilahmaladuggniMirahnagned
ibaNjar'iMirahnad,hisamlAasInakianeK dammahuM .w.a.s
:taumemsurahininamumugneptaruS
.1 aynmulebesakeremalib,nad,irtsiimausnolaclaggnittapmetnadnaajrekep,rumu,napedaman,aman
uataimausaman,niwakhanrep irtsi .uludgnayakerem
.2 natadnatidutitaruS.namumugnepaynidajretmajnadtapmet,irah .utilipiSnatataCiawagePheloinag
35lasaP

8. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 8
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
akam,amasgnaylipiSnatataChayaliwmaladlaggnittapmetrebkaditiretsiimausnolacaudekaliB
gnisamlaggnittapmetidlipiSnatataCiawagePhelonakukalidnakautinamumugnep - .kahipgnisam
45lasaP
aliB ,lipiSnatataCutaushareadmaladlaggnittapmetrebhunepnalubmaneiapmasmulebiretsiimausnolac
aliB.rihkaretgnayakeremlaggnittapmetidlipiSnatataCiawagePhelonakukalidagujsurahaynnamumugnep
nasalaada - emnabijaweknadgnitnepgnaynasala isasnepsidnakirebidhelobsataidtubesretnamumugneptaubm
.niwaknauhatirebmepnakukalidhaletaynhareadidgnayhareaDnahatniremePalapeKhelo
55lasaP
619.SnagnedsupahiD - 7191.oj833 - .81
65lasaP
619.SnagnedsupahiD - 7191.oj833 - .81
aP 75las
,namumugneputkawiradgnutihret,nuhatutasutkawmaladnakgnusgnalidmulebutinaniwakrepaliB
.igalnamumugnepnakadaidaynmulebesalibilaucek,nakgnusgnalidhelobkaditutinaniwakrep
85lasaP
dtutnunemkutnukahnaklubminemkaditniwakijnaJ kaditaguj,naniwakrepayngnusgnalrebmikaHakumi
,utiijnajaynihunepidkadittabika,agnubnadnaigurek,ayaibnaitnaggneptutnunemkutnukahnaklubminem
.latabhaladainilahmaladiguritnagkutnunaujutesrepaumes
waknauhatirebmepakij,ipatetnakA idajnemtapaduti!ahakam,,namumugneputausheloitukiidhaletinini
naigureknakrasadrebagnubnadnaigurek,ayaibnaitnaggneptutnunemkutnurasad - atiredidatayngnaynaigurek
gnarabsatakahiputashelo - aykahipnakalonepnadtabikaiagabesayngnarab helobkatutiadapmalad;nialgn
salebnapaledutkawaynuapmalnagnedutkawtawelininatutnuT.nagnutnueknagnaliheklaosnakgnutihrepid
.utinaniwakrepnamumugnepiradgnutihret,nalub
3NAIGAB
naniwakrePnahagecneP
ArumiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBkadiT( ,aohgnoiTnakuBgnis )aohgnoiTnagnoloGigaBnad
95lasaP
gnaroadapadaaynahnaniwakrepayngnusgnalrebhagecnemkutnukaH - lahmaladiradgnaro - tubesidgnaylah
lasapmalad - .tukireblasap
06lasaP
apaisgnaraB utashalasnagnednaniwakreptakirethisam kanaagüjkusamret,kahip - iradrihalgnaykana
naniwakrepnakrasadrebaynahipatet,nakanaskalidgnayurabnaniwakrephagecnemkahreb,ininaniwakrep
.adahisamgnay
16lasaP
lahmaladnaniwakrephagecnemtapadubinadkapaB - :lah
.1 samgnayakeremkanaalib nizitapadnemmuleb,rumuhawabidhi
.2 ,akeremniziatnimemialal,nuhat.hulupagitpanegmulebipatetasawedhadusgnay,akeremkanaalib
itrepesiregeNnalidagnePnaaratnarepatnimemkutnuialal,kalotidutinizinanohomreplahmaladnad
nakbijawidgnay .24lasaPturunem
.3 amasgnaynasalanagneduata,naupmagnepmaladadareblatnemtacacanerakgnay,kahiputashalasalib
;nasutupeklibmaidmulebutinanohomrepsataipatet,naupmagnepnaknohomidhalet
.4 taraysihunememkaditkahiputashalasalib - utnutarays nautneteknagnednaniwakrepnakadagnemk -
;inibabamatrepnaigabnautnetek

9. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 9
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
.5 ;nakadaidkadittaraysidajnemgnaynaniwakrepnamumugnepalib
.6 nad,naupmagnephawabidhuratidsorobmeptafisanerak,kahiputashalasalib kadnehgnaynaniwakrep
matnakgnusgnalid awabmemnakaaynkap naaigahabkaditek .akeremkanaigab
ilawuatailawakam,aynubiuatakapabadapiradnialgnaroutikanasatanailawrepnaknalajnemgnayaliB
damasgnaykahiaynupmem,ilawisitnaggnemsurahinirihkarettubesidgnayalib,aynsawagnep lahmala - lah
romonmaladmutnacretgnayitrepes - .°6nad5,4,°3,°1romon
26lasaP
kam,adakaditautgnaroaudeklahmalaD ilawuatailawnadkenenkekaka rihkarettubesidgnayalib,sawagnep
aniwakrephagecnemkutnukahreb,ilawisitnaggnemsurahini lahmaladn - maladmutnacretgnayitrepeslah
.ulalgnaylasap°6nad5,4,3romon
kutnukahreb,ilawisnakitnaggneminirihkarettubesidgnayalib,sawagnepilawuatailawnadkenenkekaK
lahmaladnaniwakrephagecnem - ij,°1romonadapmutnacretgnaylah .taraysidajnemakeremniziak
36lasaP
ikalaraduasakam,adakaditkenenkekaklahmalaD - ilawalupnaikimed,ibibnadnamap,naupmerepnadikal
:naniwakrephagecnemkahreb,sawagnepupmagnepnadupmagnep,sawagnepilawnad
.1 nautnetekalib - asaPnautnetek helorepmemianegnem04lasaPnad83l nizi ;nakhadniidkaditniwak
.2 anerak nasala - nasala .16lasaP°6nad,°5,°4,°3romonmaladmutnacretgnayitrepes
46lasaP
niretsisakebnaniwakrephagecnemhelob,naiarecrepanerakrabubhaletaynnaniwakrepgnayimauS aidalib,ay
.uludgnaynaniwakrepnarabubmepkajesirahsutaragituapmalmulebesigalniwakkadneh
56lasaP
lahmaladnakgnusgnalidkadnehgnaynaniwakrephagecnembijawnaaskajeK - lasaPmaladmutnacretgnaylah
.43nagnediapmas72
66lasaP
nahagecneP nakududektapmetkatelretaynmukuhhareadidgnay,iregeNnalidagnePheloinagnatidnaniwakrep
.utinaniwakrepnakgnusgnalemsurahgnaylipiSnatataCiawageP
76lasaP
utinahagecneprasadnakidajidgnaynasalaalagesnaktubesidsurahnahagecnepatkamalaD kaditnad,
.nahagecnephaleteslubmitkaditutilahhuajes,urabnasalanakujagnemnakanekrepid
86lasaP
7391.SnagnedsupahiD - .595
96lasaP
,agnubnadnaigurek,ayaibitnaggnemnabijaweknakanekidhelobgnatneneparap,kalotidutinahagecnepaliB
cek .naaskajeKuatahawabeksiragnadsataeksiragmaladharadesagraulekhaladautignatnenepakijilau
07lasaP
kutnunaknanekrepidkaditlipiSnatataCiawageP.naniwakrepnahagecnepidajretaliB nakanaskalem
asidaynadapekhaletesilaucek,utinaniwakrep nasutuputausnakiapm nataukektapadnemhaletgnaynalidagnep
anamnagnedkitnetoatkautausuataipatetmukuh anekininautneteksatanaraggnalepnakadaitidutinahagecnep
.agnubnadnaigurek,ayaibnaitnaggnepnamukuhnamacna
naskalidutinaniwakrepaliB utinahagecnepianegnemarakrepakam,nakadaitidutinahagecnepmulebesnaka
.naklubakidgnatnenepnatagugaynarikeslatabnakataynidhelobnaniwakrepnad,naktujnalidhelob

10. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 01
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
4NAIGAB
naniwakrePnaanaskaleP
iTnakuBgnisArumiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBkadiT( ,aohgnoiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBipateT,aohgno
17.PHUKilauceK - ,47,°6 )57
17lasaP
:naktahilrepidaynadapekragaatnimemsurahlipiSnatataCiawageP,naniwakrepnakgnusgnalemmulebeS
.1 gnisamnarihalekatka - irtsiimausnolacgnisam
.2 helotaubidgnayatka iawageP kitnetoatkauata,niwakniziratfadmaladnakratfadidnadlipiSnatataC
nadhelorepidgnaynizinupuata,sawagnepilawuatailaw,kenen,kekak,ubi,kapabniziisirebgnaynial
lahmalad,mikaH - tapadagujutinizI;nakulrepidutinizianamidlah naniwakrepatkaadapnakirebid
;iridnes
.3 atkauata,uludgnayirtsiimausnaniwakrepatkaayntukirebnaniwakrepuataaudeknaniwakreplahmalad
irtsiuataimausnadnialkahiplahmaladnakirebidgnaymikaHiradnizitarusnanilasuata,naiarecrep
dakadit };a
.4 ;iregeNnalidagnePnaaratnarepaynadanakkujnunemgnayatka
.5 ekatka am ;niwaknizinakirebmemaynsurahesgnayakeremnadnait
.6 gnaytapmetidnahagecnepapnatgnusgnalrebhaletutinaniwakrepnamumugnepawhab,itkub
ukirebnad25lasaPturunemnaktaraysid haletnakukalidgnaynahagecnepawhabitkubnupuata,aynt
;nakitnehid
.7 ;nakirebidhaletgnayisasnepsid
.8 .naniwakrepnakukalemkutnutaraysidajnemgnaynahawabaratnetnadariwreparapkutnunizi
27lasaP
tapadkaditgnayirtsiimausnolacaratnaidakiJ adapnaktaraysidgnayitrepesnarihalekatkanaktahilrepmem
alapeKhelonakraulekidgnayrihallanekadnatatkanagneditnagidtapadinilahakam,ulalgnaylasap°1romon
teksatairtsiuataimausnolaclaggnittapmetuatarihaltapmethareaDnahatniremeP ikaliskasaudnagnare - ikal
.agrauleknakubuataagraulek,naupmerepuata utkawnadtapmetnaktubeynemsurahininagnareteK
babesatres,nikgnumtamrecesaynnarihalek - gnaybabes aynignalahgnem .narihalekatkanakkujnunemkutnu
dnarihalekatkaaynadakadiT utimacamesnagnareteknagneditnagidagujtapa hawabid nakirebidgnayhapmus
iskashelo - nakirebidgnaynagnareteknagnednupuata,utinaniwakrepnaanaskalepadapridahsurahgnayiskas
ataimausnolachelolipiSnatataCiawagepnapadahidhapmushawabid utihapmusnad,irtsiu isireb aidawhab,
gnaynagnaretek,aynnaniwakrepatkamalaD.rihallanekadnatatkauatanarihalekatkahelorepmemtapadkadit
.nakmutnacidsurahaynnialgnaynadutas
37lasaP
itamekatkanaktahilrepmemtapadkaditkahiparapaliB akam,°5romon17lasaPmaladtubesidgnayna
.ulalgnaylasapmaladmutnacretgnayitrepesamasgnayaracnagnedikiabrepidtapadutinagnarukek
47lasaP
tarusaynpakgnelkaditrasadsatananiwakrepnakgnusgnalemkutnukalonemlipiSnatataCiawagePaliB - tarus
nagnareteknad - lasaphelonaksurahidgnaynagnaretek - kahipakam,ulalgnaylasap - nagnitnepekrebgnaykahip
nasalaadaalib,naaskajeKragnednemhaletes;iregeNnalidagnePadapeknanohomreptarusnakujagnemkahreb
tataCiawagePragnednemnad,utikutnu nanikgnumekapnatnadtakgnisaracesutiiregennalidagneP,lipiSna
tarusaynpakgnelkadituatapakgnelgnatnetnasutupeklibmagnemnaka,gnidnabkutnu - .tarus
57lasaP
id,namumugnepirahhaleteshulupesekirahmulebes,nakgnusgnalidhelobkaditnaniwakreP utiirahanam
iridnes alapeKgnitnepnasalaadaakiJ.kusamretkadit nahatniremeP nakukalidhaletaynhareadidgnay,hareaD
.naksurahidgnayuggnututkawnadnamumugnepnadisasnepsidnakirebmemasaukreb,niwaknauhatirebmep
akirebidhaletisasnepsidakiJ tapeceslepmetidsurahutilahgnatnetatireb,n - gnudegamatuutnipadapayntapec
utinaniwakrepnapaknaktubesidsurahutilepmetatirebmalaD.25lasaPamatrepaenilaadapduskamidgnay
.nakanaskaliduatanaka

11. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 11
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
67lasaP
midnakanaskalidsurahnaniwakreP atkataubmemtapmetgnudegmalad,mumuaku natataC napadahid,lipiS
iawageP nupuamagraulekkiab,iskasgnaroaudnapadahidnadkahiputashalaslaggnittapmetlipiSnatataC
odnIidmaidrebnadnuhatutashulupaudrumuiapacnemhaletgnay,agrauleknakub .aisen
77lasaP
naniwakrep,tubesretgnudegekigreptapadkadit,haspukucitkubretgnaynagnalahanerakkahiputashalasaliB
akiJ.natukgnasrebgnaylipiSnatataCiawagePhareadidsusuhkhamurhaubesmaladnakgnusgnalidhelob
naikimedgnaylahidajret babesnakmutnacidsurahnaniwakrepatkamaladakam, - naialineP.aynidajretbabes
.utilipiSnatataCiawagePadapeknakharesid,inilasapmaladtubesretnagnalahaynkadithasgnatnet
87lasaP
PpadahgnemidabirparacesgnatadsurahirtsiimausnolacaudeK .utilipiSnatataCiawage
97lasaP
nasalaadaakiJ - kahipnaknizignemkutnuasaukrebnediserP.gnitnepnasala - natukgnasrebgnaykahip
hunepasaukirebidsusuhkgnaylikawgnaroesnakanuggnemnagnedakeremnaniwakrepnakgnusgnalem
aliB.kitnetoatkanagned nialgnaronagnedniwakhalet,nakanaskalidnaniwakrepmulebes,utiasaukirebmep
.idajrethanrepkaditpaggnaidsusuhklikawnagnedgnusgnalrebhaletgnaynaniwakrepakam,hasaraces
08lasaP
nadlipiSnatataCiawagePnapadahid,irtsiimausnolacaudeK nagned naridahek nakgnarenemsurah,iskasarap
nakaakeremitahnasuluteknagnedawhabnad,aynirtsiuataimausiagabesnialgnayamirenemutasgnayawhab
gnadnuhelognay,akeremnabijawekihunemem - .irtsiimausiagabesakeremadapeknaksagutidgnadnu
aP 18las
tabajepadapeknakitkubmemkahipaudekmulebes,nakaraggnelesidhelobgnaynaamagaekaracapuadakadiT
.gnusgnalrebhaletlipiSnatataCiawagePnapadahidnaniwakrepawhabakeremamaga
28lasaP
talipiSnatataCiawagePhelonaraggnalepidajretakiJ nautneteksa - utilahamalesakam,inibabmaladnautnetek
gnadnunarutamaladrutaidkadit - nalidagnePhelomukuhidhelobutiiawageParap,anadipmukuhgnadnu
kahipkahignarugnemapnat,haipursutaresihibelemkaditgnaygnauadnednagnediregeN - naykahip g
.utikutnunasalaadaalib,iguritnagtutnunemkutnunagnitnepekreb
5NAIGAB
naniwakreP - iregeNrauLidnakanaskaliDgnaynaniwakrep
)aohgnoiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBipatet,aohgnoiTnakuBgnisArumiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBkadiT(
38lasaP
naynaniwakreP aratnanupuam,aisenodnIaragenagrawamasesaratnakiab,iregenraulidnakgnusgnalidg
turunemnakgnusgnalidutinaniwakrepalibapahashalada,nialaragenagrawnagnedaisenodnIaragenagraw
utinaniwakrepayngnusgnalrebtapmetaragenidasaibgnayarac aisenodnIaragenagrawgnayirtsiimausnad,
nautnetekraggnalemkadit - .inibaB1naigabmaladtubesretnautnetek
48lasaP
idakeremnaniwakrepgnatnetatka,aisenodnIhayaliwekirtsiimausaynilabmekhaletesnuhatutasutkawmalaD
idsurahiregenraul .akeremlaggnittapmetidnaniwakrepmumuratfadmaladnakratfad
6NAIGAB
naniwakrePaynlataB

12. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 21
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
ukalreBipatet,aohgnoiTnagnoloGnakuBgnisArumiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBkadiT( nagnoloGigaB
)aohgnoiT
58lasaP
akataynidtapadaynahnaniwakreputausaynlataB .mikaHhelon
68lasaP
anerakgnaygnarohelotutnutidtapad,72lasaPnagnednagnatnetrebnakukalidgnaynaniwakreputausaynlataB
helo,iridnesutiirtsiimaushelo,utiirtsiimausnadgnaroeshalasnagnedtakiretaynmulebesnaniwakrep
aradesagraulek gnaynupapaishelo,sataeksiragmaladh iaynupmem naniwakrepaynlatabnagnednagnitnepek
surahuluhadhibelretakam,nakaynatrepiduluhadretgnaynaniwakrepaynlatabaliB.naaskajeKhelo,nad,uti
.utiuluhadretnaniwakrepaynkaditadanaksutupid
asaP 78l
iradgnaroeshalasuatairtsiimausaudeksakebnaujutesrepapnatgnusgnalrebgnaynaniwakreputausnahasbaeK
nakirebmemgnayakeremiradgnaroeshalashelouata,utiirtsiimaushelohatnabidtapadaynah,akerem
.sabebkaditaracesnaujutesrep
aliB hatnabidtapadaynahutinaniwakrepnahasbaek,iniwakidgnaygnaroiridgnatnetnafalihkekidajrethalet
lahmalaD.utifalihkhaletgnayirtsiuataimaushelo - nalatabmepnakanatutnut,inilasapmaladtubesretlah
ib,amiretidhelobkaditnaniwakreputaus surethamureslaggnitidajrethaletal - kajesnalubagitamalessurenem
.aynnasabebekiuhategnemkajesuata,nasabebektapadnemirtsiuataimausis
88lasaP
ahasbaek,naupmagnephawabidhuratidlatnemtacacanerakgnaygnarohelonakukalidnaniwakrepaliB n
araduas,sataeksiragmaladharadesagrauleknadaynubi,aynkapabhelohatnabidhelobaynahutinaniwakrep
ikal - .naaskajeKheloaynrihkanad,aynnaupmagnepheloalupnaikimed,aynibibnadnamap,naupmerepnadikal
tabmep,tubacidutinaupmagnephaleteS haletgnayirtsiuataimaushelotutnutidhelobaynahnaniwakrepnala
laggnithaletirtsiimausaudekalibamiretidtapadkaditnupininatutnutipatet,utinaupmagnephawabidhuratid
.utinaupmagnepnatubacnepiradgnutihret,nalubmaneamalesamasreb
98lasaP
akam,92lasaPmaladnaktaraysidgnayrumuiapacnemmulebgnaygnarohelonakukalidnaniwakrepaliB
.naaskajeKhelonupuam,utirumupukucmulebgnaygnarohelokiab,tutnutidhelobutinaniwakrepnalatabmep
adkaditutinaniwakrepnahasbaeknumaN :hatnabidtap
.1 iapacnemhaletirtsiimausaudekuatagnaroeshalas,nakujaidutinalatabmepnakanatutnutirahadapalib
;naktaraysidgnayrumu
.2 alib irtsi .nakujaidnatutnutmulebeslimahhalet.naktaraysidgnayrumuiapacnemmulebitadnek,
09lasaP
umeS nautnetekraggnalemnagnednakukalidgnaynaniwakrepa - lasapmaladnautnetek - ,33nad23,13,03lasap
agraulekuataakeremautgnarohelonupuam,iridnesutiirtsiimaushelokiab,nalatabmepnakatnimidhelob
shelouata,sataeksiragmaladakeremharades ,utinalatabmepnagnednagnitnepekiaynupmemgnaynupapai
.naaskajeKhelonupuata
19lasaP
maladakam,sawagnepilawuatailaw,kenen,kekak,ubi,kapabniziapnatnakanaskalidnaniwakreputausaliB
mragnedidsurahilawnupuatahelorepidsurahnizilah lasapturune - nalatabmep,04nad93,83,73,63lasap
gnadnuturunemragnedidsurahuataaynnizihelorepidsurahgnaygnarohelotutnutidhelobaynahnaniwakrep -
.gnadnu
repnalatabmeptutnunemhelobigalkaditnaktaraysidaynnizignayharadesagraulekaraP aracesalib,naniwak
maid - utinaniwakrepuata,maid halet gnutihretakeremnadnupapanahatnabapnatnalubmanegnusgnalreb
.utinaniwakrepiuhategnemakeremtaaskajes
gnusgnalrebgnatnetnauhategnep,iregenraulidnakgnusgnalidgnaynaniwakrepianegneM utinaniwakrepayn
naniwakrepnaanaskalepatkanakratfadnemkutnuialaIpatetutiirtsiimausamales,adapaggnaidhelobkadit
.48lasaPnautneteknagnediauses

13. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 31
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
29lasaP
adgnanewrebgnaylipiSnatataCiawagePnapadahidkaditnakgnusgnalidgnaynaniwakreP naridahekapnatn
nad,ubi,kapabhelo,utiirtsiimausheloaynnalatabmepnakatnimidtapad,naktaraysidgnayiskashalmujes
gnaynupapaishelonad,sawagnepilaw,ilawheloagujnad,sataeksiragmaladaynnialharadesagraulek
ilahmaladnagnitnepekreb .naaskajeKheloaynrihkanad,ut
iskasnaadaekianegnemhuajes,67lasaPpadahretnaraggnalepidajretakiJ - kaditutinaniwakrepakam,iskas
.naadaekturunemnasutupeklibmagnemnakagnayhalmikaH;latabsurahkaltum
ukalesnagnubuhaynadasalejkapmataliB taubidgnaynaniwakrepatkanaktahilrepidaluptapadnad,irtsiimaus
napadahid iawageP naniwakrepnalatabmepatnimkutnuamiretidtapadkaditutiirtsiimausakam,lipiSnatataC
.inilasapturunemakerem
39lasaP
nagnediausesanamidlahalagesmalaD lasap - ,58lasap tapadlatabnaataynrepmukuhnatutnututaus29nad09
helonakukalidtapadkaditnaikimedgnay,uti!ahmaladnagnitnepekiaynupmemgnaygnaroheloialumid
arohelouata,nialnaniwakrepiradkanahelognipmaseksiragmaladharadestabarek gn - amales,raulgnaro
audekutiirtsiimaus - haletutilahmaladakeremalibaynahnakujaidhelobnatutnutnad,pudihhisamaynaud
.nagnitnepekhelorepmemaregesnakauatahelorepmem
49lasaP
eptutnunemhelobkaditnaaskajeK,nakrabubidnaniwakrephaleteS .aynnalatabm
59lasaP
imauspadahretkiab,aynatadreptabikaalagesiaynupmem,latabnakataynidhaletnupualaw,naniwakreputauS
kanapadahretnupuam,iretsi - audekhelokiabdakitinagnednakgnusgnalidutinaniwakrepalib,akeremkana
.utiiretsiimaus
69lasaP
tabikaiaynupmemaynahutinaniwakrepakam,iretsiimausnadgnaroeshalasadapadaaynahkiabdakitialiB -
kanaigabnadutikiabdakitirebgnaykahipnakgnutnugnemgnayatadreptabika - naniwakrepnadrihalgnaykana
rebgnayiretsiuataimauS.uti agnubnadnaigurek,ayaibitnaggnemnamukuhihutajidhelobkurubdakiti
.nialgnaykahippadahret
79lasaP
tabikaiaynupmemitnehrebutinaniwakrep,ulalgnaylasapaudmaladtubesret!ahmalaD - ,atadreptabika
kataynidutinaniwakrepirahkajesgnutihret .latabna
89lasaP
nagnedkiabdakitinagnedtaubrebhaletaidalib,agitekkahipnakiguremhelobkaditnaniwakreputausaynlataB
.utiirtsiimaus
99lasaP
nautnetekpadahretnaraggnalepidajretaliblatabsurahgnaynupnaniwakreputausadaiT - autnetek lasapn - lasap
idkaditnakgnusgnalidutinaniwakrepalib,77lasaPmaladrutaidgnayapailaucek,uata,57nad,25,64,24,43
atkatapmetgnudegmaladmumuakum - lahmalaD.taubidlipiSnatataCatka - lasaPnautnetekhalukalrebutilah
iawagePigab28 - Ciawagep .lipiSnatata
a99lasaP
ratfadidsurahtubesretnalidagnePidnaaskajeKnatutnutsatanalidagnePhelonaniwakreputausnalatabmeP
,nakgnusgnalidutinaniwakreptapmetlipiSnatataCiawagePhelonalajrebgnadesgnaynaniwakrepratfadmalad
gnayaracnagned aporEnagnologkutnulipiSnatataCgnatnetnemelgeR46lasaPamatrepaenilanagnediauses

14. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 41
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
surahutinaratfadnepgnatneT.aohgnoiTnagnologkutnuamasgnaynemelgeR27lasaPamatrepaenilauata
.naniwakrepatkanigramadapnatatactaubid
inaniwakrepaliB .atrakaJidnakukalidaynnaratfadnepakam,aisenodnIraulidgnusgnalrebut
7NAIGAB
naniwakrePutauSaynadAitkuB
ukalreBipateT,aohgnoiTnakuBgnisArumiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBkadiT( nagnoloGigaB )aohgnoiT
001lasaP
padkaditnaniwakreputausaynadA naniwakrepnaanaskalepatkanagnedadapiradnialaracnagnednakitkubidta
ratfadmaladnakratfadidgnayuti - lahmaladilaucek,lipiSnatataCratfad - lasapmaladrutaidgnaylah - lasap
.tukireb
101lasaP
ratfadawhabataynretaliB - ahanrepkaditutiratfad tapadretkaditutinaniwakrepatkauata,gnalihhaletuata,ad
itkubaynkaditpukucgnatnetnaialinepakam,aynmaladid - adapeknakharesidnaniwakrepaynadagnatnetitkub
natahileknaklasa,mikaH salej .iretsiimausukalesnagnubuhaynada
201lasaP
asbaeK ,laggninemhadusgnayaynautgnaronaniwakrepatkanaktahilrepmemtapadkaditgnaykanagnaroesnah
atkanagnediauseskanaiagabesaynnakududeknaktahilrepmemhaletaidalib,hatnabidtapadkadit
bessalejaracespudihhaletaynautgnaronad,aynnarihalek imausiaga - .iretsi
VBAB
IRETSIIMAUSNABIJAWEKNADKAH
)aohgnoiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBipateT,aohgnoiTnakuBgnisArumiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBkadiT(
301lasaP
.utnabmemgnilasnadgnolonemgnilas,nialamasutasaitesbijawiretsiimauS
401lasaP
auS nadarahilememkutnuiridnaktakignemgnilashalet,naniwakrepnakukalemaynahnagned,iretsiim
.akeremkanakididnem
501lasaP
adapeknautnabirebmembijawai,alapekiagabeS.naniwakrepnautasrepalapekidajnemhaladaimauspaiteS
ipmatuataayniretsi nailaucegneptagnignemnagned,mikaHakumidaynkutnul - idrutaidgnaynailaucegnep
aiD.aynkilabesgnaynaktaraysidalibilaucek,iretsiisidabirpnaayakekatrahsurugnemsurahaiD.inihawab
aulekalapekgnaroesiagabesutinaayakekatrahsurugnemsurah gnuggnatrebaynaneraknad,kiabgnayagr
naknanekrepidkaditaiD.utinasurugnepmaladnaialalekalagessatabawaj naknagnathadnimem uata
.iretsiisnaujutesrepapnatayniretsikaregrebkatnaayakekatrahnaknabebmem
601lasaP
khutapsurahiretsipaiteS id,aynitukignemnadaynimausnagnedhamureslaggnitbijawaiD.aynimausadape
.laggnittapmetrebkutnuulrepaynpaggnaidnupanam
701lasaP
nad,ayniretsiignudnilembijawaiD.aynitapmetidgnayhamuridayniretsiamirenembijawimauspaiteS
aynirebmem .aynnaupmameknadnakududeknagnediauses,ulrepgnayajasapa
801lasaP

15. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 51
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
tapadkadit,hasipretadnebatrahnagneduata,amasrebatrahraulidniwakainupilakes,iretsignaroeS
raceskiab,nupapahelorepmem,nakiadaggnem,naknagnathadnimem,nakhabihgnem amuca - nupuamamuc
adapekasaukirebmemhaletimausnupilakeS.silutretniziuataatkamaladimausnautnabapnat,nabebnagned
narayabmepamirenemkutnugnanewrebhalkaditiretsiis,utnetretnaijnajrepuataatkataubmemkutnuayniretsi
ebmemuata,nupapa .imausiradsagetniziapnatutikutnunasabebmepir
901lasaP
tukgnaynemgnayajasapaanerakiretsignaroeshelotaubidgnay,naijnajrepuatanataubrepianegneM
irahesnadasaibaggnathamurnaajnalebrep - idgnaynahurubrepnaijnajrepianegnemaguj,irah aynhelonakada
gnadnu,aggnathamurnaulrepekkutnunakijamiagabes - tapadnemhaletaiawhabpaggnagnemgnadnu
.aynimausnadnaujutesrep
011lasaP
atrahnagnedkaditniwakaidnupiksem,aynimausnautnabapnatnalidagnepmaladlipmathelobkaditiretsI
reb .sabebnaajrekepnaknalajnemiridnamaracesaidnupiksemuata,hasipretatrahnagneduata,amas
111lasaP
:nakulrepidkaditimausnautnaB
.1 ;anadiparakrepmaladtutnutidiretsiisalib
.2 atrahnahasimepuata,gnajnarnadajemhasip,naiarecreparakrepmalad .
211lasaP
,nalidagnePidlipmatkalonemuata,atkataubmemkutnuayniretsiadapekasaukirebmemkalonemimausaliB
nakasaukidayapusamasrebakeremiggnittapmetidiregeNnalidagnePadapeknohomemhelobiretsiisakam
.utikutnu
311lasaP
tsignaroeS aracesuatasagetaraces,aynimausnizinagnednaajrekeputausnakukalemiridnesahasusatagnayire
maid - .aynimausnautnabapnatutiahasunagnednaanekrebgnaynupapanaijnajrepnakadagnemhelob,maid
ahnagnubaggnepnagnedaynimausnagnedniwakaialiB aliB.utinaijnajrepadaptakiretagujimausisakam,atr
.utiilabmeknakiranepnakmumugnembijawaid,aynniziilabmekkiranemimausis
411lasaP
nasalaanerakuataadakaditgnadesanerak,imausisaliB - kutnugnalahret,nialnasala taayniretsiutnabmem ua
gnaynagnitnepekiaynupmemaialibuata,asaukaynirebmem tapmetidiregeNnalidagnePakam,nanawalreb
nakirebmemhelobutiiretsiimauslaggnit ,nalidagnePakumidlipmatkutnuiretsiisadapekgnanewew
,naijnajrepnakadagnem nad,nasurugnepnakukalem atkataubmem - .nialatka
511lasaP
gnayadapiradhibelkaditukalreb,naniwakrepnaijnajrepadapnakmutnacidakijnup,mumuasauknairebmeP
.iridnesutiiretsiisnaayakekatrahnasurugnepnagnednaanekreb
611lasaP
nakrasadrebnataubreputausaynlataB helouataaynimaus,iretsiishelotutnutidtapadaynah,asaukaynadakadit
.akeremsirawilhaarap
711lasaP
uataaynhurules,atkauatanaijnajrepnakanaskalemnaniwakrepnarabubmephaletes,iretsignaroesaliB
saukapnatnakadaaidhaletgnay,naigabes atnimemkutnugnanewrebkaditaidakam,naktaraysidgnaya
.utiatkauatanaijnajrepnalatabmep
811lasaP

16. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 61
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
.imausniziapnattaisawtaubmemtapadiretsI
IVBAB
GNADNUTURUNEMAMASREBATRAH - AYNNASURUGNEPNADGNADNU
gnisArumiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBkadiT( ,aohgnoiTnakuB )aohgnoiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBipateT
1NAIGAB
gnadnUturuneMamasreBatraH - gnadnU
911lasaP
imausàratnahuruleynemamasrebatrahidajretmukuhturunemakam,naniwakrepaynnakgnusgnalidtaaskajeS
dkaditutilahgnatnethuajes,iretsi nautneteknakadai - atraH.naniwakrepnaijnajrepmaladnialnautnetek
aratnanaujutesreputausnagnedhabuiduatanakadaitidhelobkadit,nalajrebnaniwakrepamales,utiamasreb
.iretsiimaus
021lasaP
utiamasrebatrahakam,nagnutnueklaosnagnednaanekreB gnarabitupilem - nadkaregrebgnarab gnarab - gnarab
gnarabaguj,adanakagnaynupuamadahadusgnaykiab,utiiretsiimauskaregrebkat - akeremgnaygnarab
amucaraceshelorep - nakhabihgnemgnayuatanaksirawemgnayinirihkaretlahmaladalibilaucek,amuc
.sagetnagnedaynnakilabeknakutnenem
121lasaP
nabebnagnednaanekreB - helotaubidgnaygnatuaumesitupilemutiamasrebatrahakam,nabeb gnisam - gnisam
naniwakrepmulebeskiab,iretsiimaus nupuam .naniwakrepamalesnupuamnaniwakrephaletes
221lasaP
S nagnutnuekaumesaluputigeb,natapadnepnadnalisahgnepaume - naigureknadnagnutnuek - gnaynaigurek
.utiamasrebatrahnaigureknadnagnutnuekidajnemaguj,naniwakrepamaleshelorepid
321lasaP
aggninemgnaroeshaletesidajretgnay,naitamekgnatuaumeS nadsirawilhaarapnabebidajnemaynah,ainudl
.utilaggninemgnay
2NAIGAB
amasreBatraHnasurugneP
ukalreBipateT,aohgnoiTnakuBgnisArumiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBkadiT( nagnoloGigaB )aohgnoiT
421lasaP
ebatrahsurugnemhelobgnayajasimausaynaH nadaynnaknagnathadnimem,aynlaujnemhelobaiD.utiamasr
.041lasaPmaladrutaidgnaylahmaladilaucek,ayniretsinautnabapnatayninabebmem
amasgnayakeremaratnahabihiagabesamasrebatrahnakirebmemhelobkaditaiD - kiab,pudihhisamamas
gnarab - rab gnarabnadutnetretgnayhalmujuatanaigabutausuataaynnahuruleseknupuamkaregrebkatgna -
kanaadapeknakubalib,karegrebgnarab - utausirebmemkutnu,akeremnaniwakrepnadrihalgnaykana
cnagnednautneteknakpatenemhelobkaditaidnakhaB.nakududek gnaygnarabutausesianegnemhabihara
.utignarabiradlisahiakapkahayniridkutnunakkutnurepmemaidalib,susuhk
521lasaP
nakgnades,aynkadneheknakataynemkutnunikgnumkaditnaadaekmaladadarebuata,adakaditimausisaliB
esnakhutubidinilah gnarabnaknagnathadnimemuatanaktakignemhelobiretsiisakam,areg - atrahnadgnarab
.iregeNnalidagnePheloutikutnunakasaukidhaletes,utiamasreb
3NAIGAB

17. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 71
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
aynadaPiriDnaksapeleMkutnukaHnadamasreBatraHnagnubaGnarabubmeP
oGigaBukalreBkadiT( ,aohgnoiTnakuBgnisArumiTnagnol ukalreBipateT nagnoloGigaB )aohgnoiT
621lasaP
:mukuhimedrabubamasrebatraH
.1 ;naitamekanerak
.2 ;adakaditiretsiuataimaushaletesmikahnizisatananiwakrepanerak
.3 ;naiarecrepanerak
.4 ;gnajnarnadajemhasipanerak
.5 .atrahnahasimepanerak
tabikA - lahmaladnarabubmepnadsusuhktabika - rutaid,inilasap°5nad,°4,°3,°2romonadaptubesretlah
babmalad - .inilaosnakaracibmemgnaybab
721lasaP
laggninemadaalibakam,laggninemiretsiimausnadgnaroeshalashaleteS ,rumuhawabidhisamgnaykananak
amasrebatrahnakapuremgnayadnebatrahnaratfadnepnakadagnemkutnubijawamalretpudihgnaykahip
iridahidsurahipatet,nagnathawabidnakukalidhelobutiamasrebatrahnaratfadneP.nalubtapmeutkawmalad
ilawhelo gnusgnalrebamasrebatrahnagnubag,nakadaidkaditutiamasrebatrahnaratfadnepaliB.sawagnep
ilakesnadrumuhawabidhisamgnaykanaisnagnutnuekkutnusuret - .aynnakiguremhelobkaditilak
821lasaP
mamasrebnaayakek.,amasrebatrahaynrabubhaleteS araparatnauata,iretsinadimausaratnaaudigabidakere
gnarablasaanamkahipnadnaklaosrepmemapnat,akeremsirawilha - .utignarab
nautneteK - atrahnahasimepianegnem,audeKukuBIIVXbaBmaladmutnacretgnaynautnetek nalaggninep ,
eppadahretukalreb gnadnuturunemamasrebatrahnaigabm - .gnadnu
921lasaP
ukubatreseb,utiiretsiimausiradgnaroeshalasnairahacnepatamkutnusakakrepnadnasaihrep,naiakaP - ukub
adnebiskeloknad - tarusaynrihkanad,naumlieknadnainesekadneb - gnanekadnatuatatarus - gnaynagnanek
adneblasakahiphelotutnutidhelob,utiiretsiimausiradgnaroeshalasnanuruteklusulasanagnednatukgnasreb
ilhahelouataharawaysumaracesriskatidgnayagrahrayabmemnagned,uti - .ilha
031lasaP
us,amasrebatrahnarabubmephaleteS apnat,aynhurulesamasrebatrahnadgnatusatahigatidhelobima
sirawilhaarapadapekuataayniretsiadapekutignatunadhagnetesnaitnaggnepatnimkutnuaynkahignarugnem
.iretsiis
131lasaP
hurulesnaigabmepnadnahasimephaletes,iretsiuataimauS araphelotutnutidhelobkadit,amasrebatrah
gnaturayabmemkutnurutiderk - ,naniwakrepmulebesutiiretsiuataimausiradnialkahiphelotaubidgnaygnatu
gnatunad - ilaarapuataayntaubmemhaletgnayiretsiuataimausnagnuggnatidajnempatetutignatu ;aynsirawh
.aynsirawilhauatanialgnaykahipadapekiguritnagatnimkutnuutasgnaykahipkahignarugnemkaditinilah
231lasaP
ininautneteknagnednagnatnetrebgnaynaijnajrepalages;amasrebatrahsataaynkahnaksapelemkahrebiretsI
lakes;latab niakilaucek,amasrebatrahiradnupapailabmektutnunemhelobkaditaid,aynkahnaksapelemi
gnaturayabmemtukikutnunabijaweknadnaksabebidaidininasapelepnagneD.aynidabirpnaiakapnadiarpes -
utiderkarapkahignarugnemapnaT.amasrebatrahgnatu isanulemkutnubijawpatetiretsiis,amasrebatrahsatar
gnatu - kutnuaynkahignarugnemkaditinilah;amasrebatrahmaladekhutajhaletaynkahipiradgnaygnatu
.aynsirawilhauataaynimausadapekaynhurulesnaitnaggnepatnim
331lasaP

18. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 81
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
nehgnayiretsI ,nasapelepatkanakiapmaynemkutnubijaw,ulalgnaylasapmaladtubesretkahnakanuggnemkad
adapek,utiamasrebatrahnarabubmephaletesnalubutasutkawmalad aretinap tapmetidiregeNnalidagneP
naliheknakanamacnanagned,rihkaretgnayamasreblaggnit rabubutinagnubagaliB.)ialalalib(utikahnag
.utinaitamekiuhategnemiretsiiskajesukalrebnalubutasutkawgnaggnetakam,aynimausnaitamektabika
431lasaP
tkanakiapmaynemmulebes,ainudlaggninemiretsisataidtubesretutkawakgnajmaladaliB arap.nasapelepa
,utinaitamekhaletesnalubutasutkawmaladutiamasrebatrahsataakeremkahnaksapelemkahrebaynsirawilha
kaH.rihkaretlasapmaladnakiaruidgnayitrepesaracnagnednad,utinaitamekiuhategnemakeremhaletesuata
unemkutnuiretsi helonakgnaujrepidtapadkadit,utiamasrebatrahnadaynnaiakapnadiarpesniakilabmektutn
ilhaarap aynsiraw .
531lasaP
iridnaksapelemnialgnaynadamirenemnaigabesaggnihes,nakadnitmaladtakapeskaditsirawilhaarapaliB
utiamasrebatrahirad idajnemgnaynasirawnaigabiradhibelhelorepmemtapadkadit,utiamirenemgnayakam,
gnarabsataaynkah - aynasiS.atrahnahasimepidajretayniadnaesutiiretsinaigabidajnemaynaidesgnaygnarab
ay,aynsirawilhaarapuata,imausisadappatetnakraibid gnaysirawilhapadahretnabijawekrebaynkilabesgn
,nasapeleplahmaladiretsiishelotutnutidnakaaynaidesgnayajasapaihunememkutnu,nasapelepnakukalem
.nasapelepnakukalemgnaysirawilhakahidajnemgnaynasirawnaigabrasebesaynahipatet
saP 631la
nakadniT.utiamasrebatrahiradiridnaksapelemkahrebkaditayniridadapkiranemhaletgnayiretsI - nakadnit
atamesnasurugneptukgnaynemgnay - .utiitrepestabikaawabmemkadit,natamaleynepuataatam
731lasaP
atanakgnalihgnemhaletgnayiretsI gnarabnakpaleggnemu - maladadarebpatet,amasrebatrahnadgnarab
.aynsirawilhaarapigabukalrebamasgnaylah;ayniridnaksapelemhaletnupiksemnagnubaggnep
831lasaP
irawilhaarapiretsiisnaitamekanerakrihkarebamasrebatrahnagnubaglahmalaD iridnaksapelemtapadayns
.iridnesiretsiisianegnemrutaidgnayitrepesaracnagnednadutkawmalad,utiamasrebatrahirad
IIVBAB
NIWAKNAIJNAJREP
)aohgnoiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBipateT,aohgnoiTnakuBgnisArumiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBkadiT(
AIGAB 1N
aynmumUadapniwaKnaijnajreP
931lasaP
nagnediretsiimausnolacaraP naijnajrep gnadnunarutarepnadgnapmiynemtapadniwak - ianegnemgnadnu
admumubitretatatnagneduatakiabgnayalisusatatnagnednagnatnetrebkaditutilahnaklasaamasrebatrah n
nautnetekalupnakhadniid - .tukirebnautnetek
041lasaP
kahignarugnemhelobkaditutinaijnajreP - adapnad,imausiagabesimausisnaasaukekadaprebmusrebgnaykah
kahalupkadit,kapabiagabesnaasaukek - gnadnuhelognaykah - gnadnu nakirebid gnayadapek pudihhisam
.amalgnilap
kahignarugnemhelobkaditutinaijnajrepalupnaikimeD - alapekiagabesimausisigabnakkutnurepidgnaykah
ayniridigabñaktaraysnemkutnuiretsignanewewignarugnemkaditimlahnuman;iretsiimausnautasrep
kekatrahnasurugnep gnarabkiab,idabirpnaaya - gnarabnupuamkaregrebgnarab - gnipmasidkaregrebkatgnarab
.sabebaracesidabirpaynnalisahgnepnatamkinep

19. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 91
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
gnarab,amasrebatrahnagnologadanupiksemawhab,naijnajreptaubmemkutnukahrebagujakereM - gnarab
tarus,patet - tarus rasebukubmaladnaratfadnep namajnip - namajnip tarus,aragen - nadaynnialagrahrebtarus
gnatuip - maladekhutajiretsikahipnadnaniwakrepamalesgnayuata,iretsiamansatahelorepidgnaygnatuip
inabebiduatanaknagnathadnipidhelobkadit,amasrebatrah .iretsiisnaujutesrepapnataynimaushelo
141lasaP
nakirebidgnaykahnaksapelemhelobkadit,naniwakrepnaijnajrepnakadagnemnagned,iretsiimausnolacaraP
gnadnuhelo - sataakeremadapekgnadnu nasiraw irawrutagnemhelobkaditnup,akeremnanurutek .utinas
241lasaP
gnatumaladrasebhibelnabijawekiaynupmemutasgnayawhab,naijnajreptaubmemhelobkaditakereM - gnatu
nagnutnuekmaladaynnaigabadapirad - .amasrebatrahnagnutnuek
341lasaP
ataknagnednaijnajreptaubmemhelobkaditakereM - esatak nakaakeremnaniwakrepnatakiawhab,ulalsatnip
gnadnuhelorutaid - gnadnubatik,gnadnu - gnadnu,naasaibektadaaparebebhelouata,iregenraulgnadnu -
gnadnubatik,gnadnu - .aisenodnIidukalrebhanrepgnay,hareadnarutarepuatagnadnu
441lasaP
adakadiT akijilaucek,amasrebnaigureknadnagnutnuekaynadakadititrarebkaditamasrebatrahnagnubagayn
.inibab2naigaBmaladrutaidnaigureknadnagnutnueknagnubaggneP.sagetaracesnakadaitidimlah
541lasaP
atabiduataaynnakanugidkaditlahmaladaguJ nakpatetidhelob,amasrebatrahnagnubagaynis malad halmuj
nakididnepnadaggnathamurayaibkutnuaynatrahnadnuhatpaitesiretsiishelonakgnabmusidsurahgnay
kana - .kana
641lasaP
lisah,utilahianegnemnaijnajrepadakaditaliB - atapadnepnadlisah .imausnaasaugnepkusamiretsiatrahnadn
741lasaP
aliblatabidajnemnakanad,gnusgnalrebnahakinrepmulebessiratonatkanagnedtaubidsurahniwaknaijnajreP
usgnalidnahakinreptaasadapukalrebialumnakautinaijnajreP.naikimedaracestaubidkadit helobkadit,nakgn
.utikutnunialtaasnakutnetid
841lasaP
nahabureP - kadit,nakgnusgnalidnaniwakrepmulebesnakadaidhelobaynaidesgnay,utilahmaladnahaburep
,atkanagnednialesnakadaidtapad malad uludgnaynaijnajrepatkairepesamasgnaykutneb .taubid alupigaL
gnaronizinadnaridahekapnatnakadaidakijukalrebgnaynahaburepadait - nadiridahgnemhaletgnaygnaro
.utiniwaknaijnajrepiujuteynem
941lasaP
,gnusgnalrebnaniwakrephaleteS naijnajrep nupapaaracnagnedhabuidhelobkaditniwak .
051lasaP
gnarabaynkusamakam,amasrebatrahnagnubagadakaditakiJ - tarusilaucekret,karegrebgnarab - tarus
namajnipnaratfadnep - kefenadaragennamajnip - tarusnadkefe - nakitkubidtapadkadit,amansatagnatuiptarus
cnagnedadapiradnialaracnagned gnaynaaletrepnagneduata,niwaknaijnajrepmaladaynnakmutnacnemara
kahipnadsiratonheloinagnatadnatid - ,niwaknaijnajrepilsatarusadapnaktakelidnad,natukgnasrebgnaykahip
.mutnacretsurahutilahaynmaladidgnay
151lasaP

20. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 02
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
rumuhawabidkanA taraysihunememgnay - irebmemkutnupakacaguj,naniwakrepnakukalemkutnutarays
alagessatanaujutesrep naijnajrep naijnajrepnataubmepmaladnaklasa,niwaknaijnajrepmaladadahelobgnay
hisamgnaykana,uti hawabid repgnaygnaroheloutnabidutirumu naniwakrepnakukalemkutnuaynnaujutes
.nakulrepiduti
anacnerakam,14lasaPnad83lasaPmaladtubesretnizinagnedgnusgnalrebsurahutinaniwakrepaliB
naijnajrep niwak ailakestapadutilahgnatnetraga,utinizinanohomrepadapnakripmalidsurahuti libmaidn
.napatetek
251lasaP
gnadnuturunemamasrebatrahnadgnapmiynemgnay,niwaknaijnajrepmaladmutnacretgnaynautneteK -
nautneteknaratfadnepirahmulebesagitekkahipigabukalrebnakakadit,naigabesuataaynhurules,gnadnu -
maladutinautnetek idgnay,iregeNnalidagnePadapnaaretinapekidnakaraggnelesidsurahgnay,mumuratfad
akij,nakratfadidutinaniwakrepatkaanamidnaaretinapekuata.nakgnusgnalidutinaniwakrepaynmukuhharead
.iregenraulidgnusgnalrebnaniwakrep
351lasaP
alageS ulalesamasrebatrahnagnubagianegnemnautnetek ukalreb ,aynadapiradnagnapmiynepadakaditamales
aracnadtafisnupanamiagaB.niwaknaijnajrepmalad,tarisretaracesnupuam,silutretaracestaubidgnaykiab
airetsi,nakijnajrepidamasrebatrahnagnubag naksapelemkutnukahrebaynsirawilhaarapuat irid ,aynadapirad
lahmaladnadaracnagned - .ulalgnaybabmaladrutaidgnayitrepeslah
451lasaP
habihalupnaikimed,niwaknaijnajreP - tukiidkaditalibukalrebkadit,naniwakrepnagnednaanekrebgnayhabih i
.naniwakrephelo
2NAIGAB
natapadnePiradlisaHnagnubaGnadnaigureKnadnagnutnueKnagnubaG
ukalreBipateT,aohgnoiTnakuBgnisArumiTnagnoloGukalreBkadiT( nagnoloGigaB )aohgnoiT
551lasaP
hawhab,nakijnajrepmemaynahiretsiimausnolacarapaliB akam,naigureknadnagnutnueknagnubagadasura
gnadnuturunemhuruleynemaracesamasrebatrahnagnubagnakadagnemkutnunalajputunemimnataraysrep -
,akeremaratnaigabidsurahnaniwakrepamalesiretsiimaushelorepidgnaynagnutnuekalagesnadgnadnu
des .rabubamasrebatrahnagnubagalib,amasreblukipidsurahnaigurekalagesnakgna
651lasaP
gnisaM - gnisam ianegnemalib,naigurekhurapeslukimemnadnagnutnuekhurapestapadnemiretsiimausnad
nautnetekadakaditniwaknaijnajrepmaladutilah - nautnetek .nial
751lasaP
,akeremnaayakekatrahaynhabmatrebhalaiiretsiimausamasrebatrahadapnagnutnuekiagabespaggnaidgnaY
gnisamnatapadnepnadakeremnaayakekatrahlisahnadlubmitnaniwakrepamalesgnay,audreb - nad,gnisam
gnisamnanijareknadahasu - iagabespaggnaidgnay,naksibahidkaditgnaynatapadnepnagnubanepnadgnisam
.natapadnepnadiggnithibelgnaynaraulegneptabikautiadnebatrahayngnarukrebhalainaigurek
851lasaP
uataimausgnaroeshelorepidgnayajasapA iretsi naniwakrepamales hatne,habihuatataisaw,nasirawnad
ignarugnemkaditnagned,nagnutnuekkusamretkadit,nialgnaronadhatneagrauleknadlasareb nautnetek lasaP
.761
951lasaP
gnaraB - kefenadpatetgnarab - dagujnupapaisamansata,naniwakrepamalesilebidgnaykefe iagabespaggnai
.aynkilabesitkubretalibilaucek,nagnutnuek

21. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 12
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
061lasaP
uatanagnutnuekiagabesgnutihidkadit,utiiretsiimausnadgnaroeshalasgnarabagrahaynnurutuatakiaN
.amasrebnaigurek
161lasaP
gnarabnakiabreP - rakidajretgnay,patetgnarab helonanagnanep,rupmulnarapmadrep,hanatnahubmutrepane
lahanerakuatauyakgnakut - aynahnaknialem,amasrebnagnutnuekiagabespaggnaidkadit,niallah
nakgnutnugnem kilimep gnarab - .utignarab
261lasaP
bek,narakabekaneraknagnarugnepuatanakasureK naigurekkusamretkadit,ayniagabesnialuatatuynah,narijna
.utignarukrebuatakasurgnaygnarabkilimepisnabebidajnemipatet,amasreb
361lasaP
amasrebutiiretsiimausaudekgnatuaumeS - iagabesgnutihidsurah,naniwakrepamalestaubidgnay,amas
kusamretkadit,utiiretsiimausnadgnaroeshalasnatahajektabikasapmaridgnayapA.amasrebnaigurek
.utiamasrebnaigurek
461lasaP
gnudnagnem,ajasnatapadnepnadnalisahgnepnagnubagadanakaaynahiretsiimausaratnaawhab,naijnajreP
daracesitra mai - turunemhuruleynemaracesamasrebatrahnagnubagadaitawhabmaid gnadnu - gnadnu nad
.naigureknadnagnutnueknagnubagalupadait
561lasaP
gnaraB - gnisamnaaynupekkaregrebgnarab - surah,naniwakrepnakukalemutkawesiretsiimausgnisam
gnednakataynid inagnatadnatidgnaynaaletreptarusmaladuata,iridnesniwaknaijnajrepatkamaladsagetna
aynmaladidgnay,niwaknaijnajrepilsaatkaadapnaktakelidnad,ijnajrebgnaykahiparapnadsiratoNhelo
nagnutnueknagnubagakijkiab,utilahmutnacretsurah akijnupuam,naktaraysrepidgnayajasnaigureknad
;461lasaPnad551lasaPmaladnakiaruidgnayitrepesnatapadnepnadnalisahgnepnagnubagnaktaraysrepid
gnarabiniitkubapnat - .nagnutnuekiagabespaggnaidutikaregrebgnarab
661lasaP
gnarabaynadA - rab gnisamhelorepidgnaykaregrebgna - habih,nasirawepnagnediretsiimausnadkahipgnisam
surahnaniwakrepamalesasaibhabihuatataisaw naktahilrepid .naaletreptarusnagned
gnarabnaaletreptarusadakaditaliB - lesimausishelorepidgnaykaregrebgnarab kaditalibuatananiwakrepama
gnarabajasapanaktahilrepmemgnaytarusada - gnisamagrahaparebnadutignarab - arapuatautiirtsi,gnisam
gnarabagrahnadaynadanakitkubmemkutnugnanewrebaynsirawilha - iskasnagnedutignarab - akijnad,iskas
ned,ulrep .ayniuhategnemmumuawhabnakkujnunemnag
761lasaP
,nanuhatgnaunaamirenephabihuatataisawhabihalageshalainatapadnepnadnalisahgnepkusamretgnaY
sinejaudekpukacretnaikimednagnednad,pudihkagacagujitrepesayniagabesnadnauggnim,nanalub
.ininaigabmaladnakaracibidgnaynagnolog
3NAIGAB
habiH - iretsIimauSnolaCaudeKaratnAhabiH
)aohgnoiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBipateT,aohgnoiTnakuBgnisArumiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBkadiT(
861lasaP
ausnolacaudek,niwaknaijnajrepnakadagnemmalaD helob,kahipesaracesuatakilablabmitaraces,iretsiim
habihnagnotomepignarugnemapnat,nakirebidsatnapakeremnagnabmitrepturunemgnayhabihnakirebmem
uturunemnaigabutaussatakahrebgnayakeremnakiguremnakaaynarikutinahabihgnephuajesuti gnadn -
.gnadnu

22. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 22
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
961lasaP
habiH - nagnednaanekrebtapadutihabih gnarab - gnarab ,aynhabihatkamaladicniridgnayitrepesadahaletgnay
atrahnaigabesuatahurulesnagnedaluptapad nasiraw .habihgnepis
071lasaP
habihnairebmeP - kalrebutinaikimedhabih kahiphelosagetaracesujutesnaataynrepapnattubmasidnupraibu
.habihirebidgnay
171lasaP
habiH - nagnednakirebidtapadutihabih nataraysrep - nataraysrep adapgnutnagretaynnaanaskalepgnay,
.habihgnepiskadnehek
271lasaP
bnadiridretgnayhabiH gnara - kaditakijilaucek,ilabmekkiratidtapadkaditutnetretnadadahaletgnaygnarab
nataraysrepihunepid - .utihabiHnataraysrep
371lasaP
nagned,ilabmekkiratidtapadkadithabihgnepisnasirawnaigabesuatahurulespukacnemgnayhabiH
,naitregnep gnarabiasaugnemigalkaditaidawhab - maladgnauilaucek,utihabihmaladkusamretgnaygnarab
halmuj - laoskutnuuata,hapukutnulicekhalmuj - taraysaliB.mikahnagnabmitrepturunemniallaos - kadittarays
habih,ihunepid - tapadutihabih kiratid .ilabmek
471lasaP
gnayhabiH iridret gnarabirad - iretsiimausaratnanakirebidnad,utnetretaracesicniretnadadahaletgnaygnarab
tapadkat,niwaknaijnajrepmalad paggnaid hibelpudihsurahhabihnaamirenepawhab,taraysnagnednakirebid
amal adapirad irebmep .naijnajrepmaladsagetaracestaubidgnaytaraysalibilaucek,ayn
571lasaP
gnaykiab,niwaknaijnajrepmaladnakirebidgnay,habihgnepisnasirawnadnaigabesuatahuruleshabihadaiT
puam,nialgnayadapekiretsiimausnadgnaroesgnayhelonakirebid naka,kilablabmitaracesnakirebidgnaynu
kanaadapekhilareb - ismulebeslaggninemhabihirebidgnayalib,akeremnaniwakrepnadrihalgnaykana
.habihgnep
4NAIGAB
habiH - adapeKuatairetsIimauSnolaCaudeKadapeKnakirebiDgnayhabiH kanA - nadkana
reP akereMnaniwak
)aohgnoiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBipateT,aohgnoiTnakuBgnisArumiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBkadiT(
671lasaP
naanaskalepmulebestaubidgnay,iridnesretsiratoNatkanagnednupuam,niwaknaijnajnepmaladkiaB
memhelobagitekkahip,naniwakrep adapeknakirebidsatnapakeremtapadnepturunemgnay,habihnakireb
kutnunanikgnumekignarugnemkaditnagned,akeremnadgnaroeshalasadapekuatairetsiimausnolacaudek
igabutaussatakahiaynupmemgnaygnaroutihabihnagnedalibutihabihignarugnem gnadnuturunemna -
.nakiguridgnadnu
771lasaP
habihaliB - adaulrepkadithasaracesaynukalrebkutnuakam,niwaknaijnajrepmaladnakirebidutihabih
akam,iridnesretatkanagnednakirebidutihabihalibaynkilabes;habihirebidgnaynadsagetnaujutesrep utilah
.amirenemkutnusagetnaujutesrepadahaletesilaucektabikaiaynupmemkadit
871lasaP

23. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 32
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
audekkutnuaynahnakirebidnupiksem,habihgnepisnasirawnaigabesuatahurulesnadiridretgnayhabihutauS
akeremnadgnaroeshalaskutnuuatairetsiimaus kanakutnunakirebidpaggnaidulales, - nanuruteknadkana
.nialnakutnetidkaditatkamaladalibnad,habihirebidgnayadapiradamalhibelpudihhabihgnepisalib,akerem
kanaadapiradamalhibelpudihhabihgnepisalib,supahutiitrepeshabiH - knadkana akeremnanurute
.habihirebidgnayayntujnales
971lasaP
nautneteK - lasapmaladnautnetek - habihadapagujukalreb,371nad,271,171,961lasap - nakaracibidgnayhabih
.ininaigabmalad
IIIVBAB
NANIWAKREPADAPNIWAKNAIJNAJREPUATAAMASREBATRAHNAGNUBAG AUDEK
AYNTUJNALESUATA
)aohgnoiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBipateT,aohgnoiTnakuBgnisArumiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBkadiT(
081lasaP
aratnahuruleynemadnebatrahnagnubagadamukuhturunem,ayntukirebnadaudeknaniwakrepmaladaguJ
maladalib,iretsiimaus .nialnautneteknakadaidkaditniwaknaijnajrep
181lasaP
gnaynaniwakrepnadnanuruteknadkanaadaalib,ayntukirebuataaudeknaniwakrepadapipatetnakA
gnatunadatrahnarupmacrephelo,urabgnayiretsiuataimaus,aynmulebes - gnubagutausadapgnatu kadit,na
kanagnaroeshelorepidgnaylicekretnaigabhalmujadapiradrasebhibelgnaynagnutnuekhelorepmemhelob
nagned,sirawilhanaitnaggnepmaladaynnanuruthelo,uluhadhibellaggninemhaletutikanaalibuata
ilakesininagnutnuekawhab,nautnetek - uataimausadnebatrahnadnaigabtapmerepesihibelemhelobkaditilak
.utiigalniwakgnayiretsi
kanA - uataimausnadnasirawaynakubretutkawadap,akeremnanurutekuatauluhadretnaniwakrepnadkana
atanagnotomeptutnunemkahrebigalniwakgnayiretsi gnaynaigabihibelemgnayapanad;nagnarugnepu
.utinasirawmaladekkusam,naknanekrepid
281lasaP
kanaiaynupmemgnay,iretsiuataimauS - naniwakrepnakukalemnaduluhadretgnaynaniwakrepnadkana
uataimausadapeknakaideynemhelobkadit,ayntukireb ,utiniwaknaijnajrepnagned,urabgnayiretsi
nagnutnuek - .inimulebeslasapmaladtubesretgnayadapiradhibelgnaynagnutnuek
381lasaP
nagnednaknanekrepidkaditiretsiimauS arac ukilrebgnay - hibelhabihirebmemgnilasukil adapirad gnay
knanekrepid nautnetekmaladna - .sataidnautnetek
gnarakidgnayhiladnagnednakirebidgnayhabihaumeS - adapeknakirebiduata,gnarak gnaro - gnaro ,aratnarep
.latabhalada
481lasaP
akirebidgnayhabihhalaiaratnarepadapeknakirebidgnayhabihnagnedduskamidgnaY imausgnaroeshelon
naikimed,aynimausuatairetsiuluhadretnaniwakrepnadkanagnaroeshalasuatakanaaumesadapekiretsiuata
nakanakarikrepidnahabihgneputkawadapnadhabihgnepharadesagraulekadapeknakirebidgnayhabihalup
etsinasirawidajnem pudihkaditnikgnuminihabihgnepiretsiuataimausnupiksem,utihabihgnepimausuatair
.habihamirenepnadamalhibel
a481lasaP
lasaP - 181lasap - igabukalrebkadit,nialamasutasilabmekniwakgnayiretsiimauslahmalad,481 kana - kana
nanurutekuata .uluhadretgnayakeremnaniwakrepnad
581lasaP

24. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 42
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
kanaadaakijaguJ - aratnaatarigabidsurahnaigureknadnagnutnuekakam,uludgnaynaniwakrepnadkana
.niwaknaijnajrephelohabuiduatanakadaitidutignatnetnarutarepalibilaucek,iretsiimaus
BAB XI
ADNEBATRAHNAHASIMEP
,aohgnoiTnakuBgnisArumiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBkadiT( )aohgnoiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBipateT
681lasaP
ipatet,mikaHadapekadnebatrahnahasimepnakanatutnutnakujagnemhelobiretsiis,naniwakrepamaleS
lahmaladaynah - :lah
.1 gnarabnaksorobmemkurubnaukaleknagned,imausalib - nad,amasrebatrahnagnubagnadgnarab
.narucnahekayahabmacnaretaggnathamurnakraibmem
.2 anerakalib uacakek - naualab atrahkutnunanimaj,imausisnaayakekatrahnasurugnepnakurubeknad
sinaniwakrep anerakakijuata,gnalihnakairetsikahidajnemmukuhturunemgnayapakutnuatresiret
.ayahabnaadaekmaladadarebutiatrah,iretsiisnaniwakrepatrahnasurugnepmaladrasebnaialalek
amasrebnaujutesrepsataaynahnakukalidgnayadnebatrahnahasimeP .latabhalada
781lasaP
.akubretaracesnakmumuidsurahadnebatrahnahasimepnakanatutnuT
881lasaP
natutnutgnatnenemkutnuarakrepnagnadiynepmaladrupmactukitapadimausisadapekgnatuiprebgnaygnarO
.utiadnebatrahnahasimepnaka
981lasaP
surah,aynnaanaskalepmulebes,utiadnebatrahnahasimepnakanatutnutnaklubagnemgnaymikaHnasutuP
nataraysrepihunepidkaditalibaynnaanaskaleplatabidajnemnamacnanagned,akubretaracesnakmumuid
simepaynnaklubakidgnatnetnasutuP.utinamumugnep ,aynmukuhtabikalahmalad,utiadnebatrahnaha
.nakujaidnatagugirahiradgnutihret,turusukalrebnataukekiaynupmem
091lasaP
nakadnitnakukalemhelobiretsi,nagnadiynepamaleS - ragaagajnemkutnu,mikaHniziesnagned,nakadnit
gnarab - kaditayngnarab .imausisnaksorobiduatagnalih
191lasaP
nakanaskalidkaditutilahalib,mukuhturunemsupah,nakniziidadnebatrahnahasimepanamidnasutupeK
gnarabnaigabmepnagnedalerakusaraces - gnayitrepes,utignarab ataynret ta;utignatnetkitnetoatkanad alibua
nakujagnemkaditiretsiis,patetmukuhnataukekhelorepmemutinasutuphaletesnalubutasutkawmalad
rutaretaracesnatutnunepnaktujnalemkaditnadmikaHadapekaynnaanaskalepkutnunatutnut
291lasaP
macturutkaditgnayimausisrutiderkaraP nupiksem,utinahasimepgnatnenemhelob,nagnadiynepmaladrup
haletutilah nakanaskalid kahalib, - .nakiguridajagnesaraces,utinaanaskalepaynadanagnedakeremkah
391lasaP
ibkutnunagnokosirebmembijawiretsiis,adnebatrahnahasimepadanupikseM nadaggnathamuraya
kananakididnep - nagnidnabrepturunem,imausisnagnednaniwakrepanerakaynhelonakrihalidgnaykana
ayaib,upmamkaditnaadaekmaladadaimausisaliB.imausisatrahnadiretsiisatraharatna - idajnemutiayaib
siretsiisnagnuggnat .aja
491lasaP

25. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 52
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
nad,aynsurugnemkutnunasabebekilabmekhelorepmem,aynimausnagnedadnebatrahhasiprebgnayiretsI
nautnetekadanupiksem - iasaugnemkutnumikahnadmumunizihelorepmemtapadaid,801lasaPnautnetek
gnarab - .aynkaregrebgnarab
1lasaP 59
kutnuialalhalet,aynadnebatrahhasiprebhaletesiretsiisalib,ayniretsiadapekbawajgnuggnatrebkaditimauS
sataaynnaknagnathadnipidhaletgnaypatetgnarabnalaujnepgnauilabmeknakmananemuatanaktaafnamem
cek,mikaHnadaynhelorepidgnaynizi alibuata,kartnoknakadagnemmaladutnabmemtukiimausisalibilau
.imausnagnitnepekkutnunakanugrepidhaletuata,imausheloamiretidhaletutignauawhab,nakitkubidtapad
691lasaP
gnayadnebatrahnagnubaG halet labmeknakhilupidtapad,nakrabubid .iretsiimausaudeknaujutesrepsatai
.kitnetoatkanagnednialesnakadaidhelobkaditnaikimedgnaynaujutesreP
791lasaP
gnarab,ilabmekhiluphaletutiamasrebatrahnagnubagaliB - ,alumesnaadaekeknakilabmekidayngnarab
nakaes - adahanrepkaditnaka gnay,naijnajrepihunememkutnuiretsiisnabijawekignarugnemapnat,nahasimep
alageS.utiamasrebatrahnagnubagilabmeknahilumepnagnediapmasnahasimepkajesutkawamalesayntaubid
eknakhilumemkutnunakanugrepidutiiretsiimaushelognaynaijnajrep utiamasrebatrahnagnubagilabm
taraysnagned - .latabhalada,alumesgnaytarays
891lasaP
.akubretaracesutiamasrebatrahnagnubagilabmeknahilumepnakmumugnemkutnubijawutiiretsiimauS
,nakanaskalidmulebutiitrepesutiitrepesnamumugnepamaleS naklaosrepmemhelobkaditutiiretsiimaus
tabika - kahipnagnedutiamasrebatrahnagnubagnahilumeptabika - .agitekkahip
XBAB
NANIWAKREPNARABUBMEP
,aohgnoiTnakuBgnisArumiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBkadiT( )aohgnoiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBipateT
1NAIGAB
aynmumUadapnaniwakrePnarabubmeP
991lasaP
:rabubnaniwakreP
.1 ;naitamekhelo
.2 iretsiurabnaniwakrephelolususidgnay,nuhathulupesamalesiretsiisuataimausisaynridahkadithelo
nautneteknagnediauses.aynimausuata - ;81baB5naigaBnautnetek
.3 elo nagnediauses,lipiSnatataCnaratfadnepnadgnajnarnadajemhasiphaletesmikaHnasutupekh
nautnetek - ;inibab2naigaBnautnetek
.4 nautneteknagnediauses,naiarecrephelo - .inibab3naigaBnautnetek
2NAIGAB
nadajeMhasiPhaleteSnaniwakrePnarabubmeP gnajnaR
,aohgnoiTnakuBgnisArumiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBkadiT( )aohgnoiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBipateT
002lasaP
nasalanadnasalautashalasanerakkiab,gnajnarnadajemhasipiretsiimausaliB - maladmutnacretgnaynasala
ohomrepsatanupuam,332lasap nuhatamilamalesgnusgnalrebpatetutinahasiprepnad,kahiphalebaudeknan
gnisamakeremakam.kahiphalebaudekaratnanaiamadrepapnathunep - nakpadahgnemkutnusabebgnisam
kahip nial .nakrabubidakeremnaniwakrepragatutnunemnad,nalidagnepek

26. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 62
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
saP 102la
ekliggnapidnalubeknalubnadilakagithaletes,tagugretkahipalib,kalotidaregessurahutinatutnuT
lucnumkaditnalidagneP - uata,utinatutnutpadahretnanawalrepnakadagnemnagnedgnataduata,lucnum
nagnediamadrebkutnuaidesrebnakataynem .nawalkahip
202lasaP
aracesutiiretsiimausraga,nakhatnirememsurahiregeNnalidagneP,natutnutiujuteynemtagugretkahipaliB
amasrebidabirp - .akeremnakiamadnemahasurebnakagnay,atoggnamikahhibeluatagnaroespadahgnemamas
ditutiahasualiB gnilapnadnalubagittapecgnilap,igalilabmekkutnunakhatnirememsurahmikaH,lisahrebka
.padahgnemilakamatrephaletesnalubmanetabmal
igrepsurahutikujnutidgnayatoggnaarapuataatoggnaakampadahgnemkaditkutnuhasgnaynasalaadaaliB
ek .utiiretsiimaushamur
audekuata,iretsiimausiradgnaroeshalasaliB - nalidagnePmukuhhareadraulidlaggnittapmetreb,aynaud
iregeNnalidagnePatnimemhelobutiiregeNnalidagnePakam,nakujaidnanohomrepaynadapekgnayiregeN
aynmukuhhareadidgnay nakadnitnakukalemkutnulaggnittapmetrebutiiretsiimausaudek - tubesretnakadnit
nakadnitgnatnetaracaatirebtaubmemnakainiiregeNnalidagneP.uluhadretaenilaagitmalad - gnaynakadnit
iregeNnalidagnePadapekaynnakmirignemaregesnadaynnakukalid .amatreptubesret
audekuata,iretsiimausnadgnaroeshalasaliB - iregeNnalidagneP,aisenodnIraulidlaggnittapmetrebaynaud
nakadnitnakukalemkutnu,maidrebakeremtapmetaragenidnalidagnePtabajepgnaroesadapekatnimemhelob -
ladtubesretnakadnit idaisenodnInalikawrePiawagePadapekaynnakhatnirememuata,audnadutasaenilama
.utiiregeNnalidagnePadapeknakmirikidutilahianegnemaracAatireB.utiiretsiimauslaggnittapmet
302lasaP
,agujlisahrebkaditataynretaudekgnaynaumetrepaliB nalidagneP,mumututnunepragnednemhaletesakam
ihunepidhaletaracanataraysrepalagesakij,utinatutnutamirenemnadnasutupeklibmagnemsurahiregeN
.sataidnakakumekidgnayitrepes
bebiregeNnalidagnePnaaskiremepnakadagnemhaletes,naikimednumaN nasutupnakhuggnanemkutnusa
.iamadrebkutnunanikgnumekadahisamaynigabataynretalib,nalubmaneamales
402lasaP
tabmalesiggnithibelgnaymikaHadapekgnidnabnakatnimidhelobiniiregeNnalidagnePnasutuppadahreT -
nalubutasutkawmaladayntabmal .
502lasaP
ratfadmaladaynnaratfadnepnadtubesretnasutuphelonakrabubidutinaniwakreP - .lipiSnatataCratfad
gnayitrepesnamukuhnamacnanagnednadutkawakgnajmalad,aracnagnednakukalidsurahaynnaratfadneP
pgnatnet122lasaPmaladnakutnetid .naiarecre
602lasaP
tabikaignarugnemkaditnaniwakrepnarabubmeP - 822lasaPnagnediapmas222lasaPmaladrutaidgnaytabika
kaditagujnad,gnajnarnadajemhasippadahretukalrebaguj642lasaPnakrasadrebgnay132lasaPnad
taraysignarugnem - y,tarays helonakpatetidhalet,732lasapnagnednaanekrebnatakafumrepnakrasadrebgna
kananakididnepnadnaarahilemeppadahretnupuamakeremiridpadahretkiab,utiiretsiimaus - .kana
aroeshalastakgnagnemmikaH,utignajnarnadajemhasipnaksutumemutkawadaP aratnanadgn autgnaro
.ilawiagabesautgnaronaasaukeknakukalemhaletgnay
audeknanohomrepsatA autgnaro gnaynaadaeknakrasadrebiregeNnalidagneP,akeremnadgnaroeshalasuata
ymukuhnataukekiaynupmemnaniwakrepnarabubmepnasutuphaleteslubmit habugnemhelob,itsapgna
nataraysrepnad,ulalgnayaenilanakrasadrebnakirebidhaletgnaynapatenep - kanapadahretnataraysrep - kana
araphasnagnedliggnamemuataragnednemhaletes,amatrepaenilamaladduskamretgnayitrepes autgnaro ,
aynsawagnepilaw kananadadnemesuataharadesagrauleknad - hisamgnaykana hawabid heloB.rumu
uatanagnedgnidnabuatananawalrepadanupiksem,nakanaskalidaregestapadininapatenepawhab,nakataynid
.nanimajapnat

27. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 72
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
padahretnaaskiremeP autgnaro gnaysawagnepilawnad nalidagnePmukuhhareadraulidlaggnittapmetreb
gnay,akeremnamaidektapmetuatalaggnittapmetidiregeNnalidagnePadapeknakhapmilidhelob,utiiregeN
iggnameP.amatreptubesretiregeNnalidagnePadapekutilahgnatnetaracaatirebnakiapmaynemnaka arapnal
autgnaro agraulekpadahret333lasaPmaladnakutnetidgnayitrepesaracnagnednakukalidsawagnepilawnad
.433lasaPmaladnakutnetidgnayitrepesaracnagnediridnaklikawemtapadakereM.adnemesnadharades
gnayautgnaroaudekiradutashalaS naliggnapsatapadahgnemkaditgnaynadnanohomrepnakujagnemkadit
taubidgnayatkautausuatanapateneputaushaletesirahhulupagitutkawmaladnanawalrepnakadagnemhelob
roadapeknakiapmasid,utinapatenepnaanaskalepkutnuuatautilahnakrasadreb haletesuata,iridnesutiautgna
gnatnetitregnemhaletaidawhab,nalupmisekirebmemkadittapadkatgnaynataubreputausnakukalemaid
autgnarO.ialumidgnayaynnaanaskalepgnatnetuatautinapatenep nad,kalotidhaletaynnanohomrepgnay
autgnaro gnay haletaynnanawalrepgnayalupnaikimed,halasnakataynidhaletnanawalrepnakukalemitadnek
.nakpacuidnasutupekhaletesirahhulupagitutkawmaladgnidnabnohomhelob,kalotid
ranebmulebasawedmulebgnaykanaaliB - aygnaronaasaukekmaladadarebraneb utashalasnakrasadrebgn
nakhatnirepidsurahnapatenepmaladuatautinasutupmaladakam,ilawidajnemnaksagutidinilasapnautnetek
kananahareynepaguj - nautneteK.utikana - h913lasaPamileknadtapmeek,agitek,audekaenilanautnetek
hpadahretukalreb .inila
a602lasaP
alib,b602lasaPagitekaenilamaladduskamidgnayitrepesnahabugnepadapuatanasutumepnaataynekmalaD
nagnaj,nasalarebgnaynatukatekada - irebmemnakakaditnailawrepsagutiharesidkaditgnayautgnaronagnaj
pkutnunautnabpukuc kananakididnepnadnaarahileme - aluptapadiregeNnalidagneP,asawedmulebgnaykana
tabikanagnednadaracnagned,b032lasaPmaladtubesrethatnirepirebmem - nakutnetidgnayitrepestabika
.utilasapmalad nailawrepnawed,inihatnirepadakaditlahmalaD adapekutinarayabmeptutnunemhelob
ratfadmaladnakratfadidutinaniwakrepnarabubmepnapatenephaletes,nalidagnep - .lipiSnatataCratfad
gnaroigabagujukalreba232lasaPnautneteK.b602 - haletes,nialamasutasilabmekniwakgnaygnaro
eremnaniwakrep lasapnagnediausesnakrabubiduluhadgnayak - .inimulebeslasap
3NAIGAB
naniwakrePnaiarecreP
,aohgnoiTnakuBgnisArumiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBkadiT( )aohgnoiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBipateT
702lasaP
adapeknakujaidsurahnaniwakrepnaiarecrepnataguG imausisaynmukuhhareadidgnayiregeNnalidagneP
nemelgeR138lasaPmaladduskamretnanohomrepnakujamemutkawadap,kokoplaggnittapmetiaynupmem
.kokoplaggnittapmetiaynupmemkaditalibaynranebesgnaylaggnittapmetuataatadreParacA
awadapakiJ kokoplaggnittapmetiaynupmemkaditimausissataidtubesretnanohomreptarusnakujagnemutk
iregeNnalidagnePadapeknakujaidsurahutinatagugakam,aisenodnIidaynhuggnusesgnaylaggnittapmetuata
.aynranebesgnayiretsiisnamaidektapmet
02lasaP 8
naiarecreP naniwakrep ilakes - .amasrebnaujutesrepnagnedaynahidajrettapadkaditilak
902lasaP
rasaD - :tukirebiagabesaynahnaniwakrepnaiarecreptabikarebtapadgnayrasad
.1 ;aniz
.2 ;kurubdakitinagnedamasreblaggnittapmetnaklaggninem
.3 hnakanekid nakgnusgnalidhaletes,igaltarebhibelgnaynamukuhuatanuhatamilarajnepnamuku
;naniwakrep
.4 padahretutiiretsiimausnadgnaroeshalashelonakukalidgnay,naayainagnepuatatarebnaaredecnep
maleseknakayahabmemaggnihes,apurnaikimedesaynnialgnay akulnakgnatadnemuata,awijnata - akul
.ayahabrebgnay
012lasaP

28. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 82
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
akam,anizrebhaletaneraknamukuhnakanekidmikaHnasutupeknagnedutiiretsiimausnadgnaroeshalasaliB
pmasidutinasutuptarusnanilashalpukuc,naniwakrepnaiarecrepnaktapadnemkutnu nalidagnePadapeknakia
ininautneteK.itsapgnaymukuhnataukekiaynupmemhaletutinasutupawhab,nagnaretektarusnagnediregeN
arajnepnamukuhnakanekidiretsiisuataimausisaneraktutnutidininaniwakrepnaiarecrepalib,agujukalreb
atanuhatamil .tarebhibelgnaynamukuhu
112lasaP
lahmaladalupnaikimed,kurubdakitinagnedamasreblaggnittapmetnaklaggninemnataubreplahmalaD
naiarecrepbabesaynlubmithaletesidajretgnay,aynranebeslaggnittapmetuatakokoplaggnittapmetnahaburep
akrep laggnittapmetidnalidagnePadapeknakujaidagujhelobutinaniwakrepnaiarecrepnatutnut,naniw
.rihkaretgnayamasreb
kurubdakitinagnedamasreblaggnittapmetnaklaggninemrasadsatananiwakrepnaiarecrepnakanatutnuT
nayalib,naklubakidtapadaynah kutnukalonempatet,hasnasalaapnatamasreblaggnittapmetnaklaggninemg
.ayniretsiuataimausadapekilabmek
utiiretsiuataimauskajesgnutihret,nuhatamiluapmalmulebesialumidhelobkaditutinatutnuT naklaggninem
.akeremamasreblaggnittapmet
aynrihkarebkajesgnutihidnakautinuhatamilutkawakgnaj,hasgnaynasalaiaynupmemutinaigrepekaliB
.utinasala
212lasaP
helobmikaHnizinagned,tagugretiagabesnupuamnaiarecrepkutnutaguggnepiagabeskiab,utiiretsI
ynimaushamurnaklaggninem .nagnadisrepayngnusgnalrebamalesa
.laggnitsurahutiiretsianamidhamurkujnunemnakairegeNnalidagneP
312lasaP
ishelorayabidsurahmikaHnakutnetidhaletesgnay,hakfannagnajnuttutnunemkutnukahrebkaditutiiretsI
alesayniretsiadapekimaus .utiarakrepayngnusgnalrebam
adapgnutnagretakam,aynigabkujnutidgnaylaggnittapmetnaklaggninem,mikaHniziapnat,utiiretsialiB
tapadaid,taguggnephaladaaidalibnakhab,nagnajnuttutnunemkutnuigalkahirebidhelobaid,naadaek
tnakataynid .aynmukuhnatutnutnaktujnalemkutnuamiretidtapadkadi
412lasaP
naasaukeknaanaskaleptubacnemkutnusabeb,nalajrebhisamnagnadisrepamales,iregeNnalidagneP autgnaro
uataaynhurulesaratnemeskutnu naigabes wnakirebmem,ulreppaggnaidhuajesnad, gnanewe - gnaygnanewew
satanaikimed irid gnarabnad - kanagnarab - aratnanialkahipadapekkana autgnaro gnaygnaroadapekuata,uti
.nailawrepnawedadapekuata,iregeNnalidagnePkujnutid
napateneppadahreT - gnidnabnohomemnaknanekrepidkaditimnapatenep . napateneP - patetutinapatenep
lahmalad;itsapgnaymukuhnataukekhelorepmemnaiarecrepnatagugkalonemgnaynasutupiapmasukalreb
napatenep,amiretidnatagug - gnaynapatenephaletes,ulalrebnalubutasiapmasukalrebpatetutinapatenep
ekrebnakirebid .itsapgnaymukuhnataukekhelorepmemnailawreplaosrutagnemkutnuutinagnednaan
ayaibianegneM - napaledeknadhujutekaenilaukalreb,amatrepaenilanagnediausesnakraulekidgnayayaib
.f913lasaP
512lasaP
kaH - satrahnasurugnepianegnemimausiskah i iretsi kaditinilah,nalajrebarakrepamalesitnehretkadit
nakadnitnakukalemnagned,aynkahignudnilemkutnuiretsiisgnanewewignarugnem - nahagecnepnakadnit
nautnetekmaladnakkujnutidgnay - .atadreParacAnemelgeRnautnetek
gnayimausisatkaaumeS kahignarugnemajagnes - .latabhaladairetsiiskah
612lasaP
utinaiamadrephatne,iretsiimausnaiamadrepidajretakijrugugnaniwakrepnaiarecreptutnunemkutnukaH
nataubrepiuhategnemiretsiisuataimausishaletesidajret - obaynaidesgnaynataubrep nasalaiagabesiakapidhel
.nakukalidnaiarecrepkutnunatagughaleteshatne,taguggnemkutnu

29. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 92
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
gnadnU - iretsihaletesigalamasreblaggnitiretsiisnadimausisalib,naiamadrepadahaletpaggnagnemgnadnu
naklaggninemmikaHnizinagned hamur keremnamaidek .amasreba
712lasaP
,naiamadrephaleteslubmitgnayurabbabesutausrasadsataurabnatagugnakujagnemgnay,iretsiuataimauS
helob nakanugrepmem nasala - .aynnataguggnukudnemkutnuamalgnaynasala
812lasaP
dsatananiwakrepnaiarecrepkutnunataguG ,kurubdakitinagnedamasreblaggnittapmetnaklaggninemrasa
alibnumaN.amasrebnamaidekhamurekilabmek,naiarecrepnaksutupidmulebes,iretsiuataimausalibrugug
aniwakrepnaiarecrepkutnuurabnatagugialumemhelonialkahip,hasgnaybabeshaletes haletesnalubmanen
nakanuggnemhelobnad,utinaigrepek nasala - nasala .aynnataguggnukudnemkutnuamal
laggnittapmetnaklaggninemgnaykahipalibrugugnakakaditnaniwakrepnaiarecrepnatagug,utilahmalaD
.igalilakesilabmekutiamasreb
912lasaP
,012lasaPmaladrutaidgnaylahaudekmalaD imaus nalubmaneutkawuapmalnakraibmemgnayiretsiuata
kutnuigalamiretidtapadkadit,itsapgnaymukuhnataukeknaktapadnemmikaHnasutupirahiradgnutihret
.naniwakrepnaiarecrepnatagugialumem
lasaliB nasutuptapadnemnialgnaykahiputkawadapiregenraulidadarebutiiretsiimausnadgnaroesha
ekaynilabmekirahiradialumgnutihidnalubmanehaladanakpatetidgnayutkawakgnajakam,namukuh
.aisenodnI
022lasaP
alib,rugugnaiarecrepkutnunataguG .nasutupadamulebeslaggninemiretsiimausaudeknadgnaroeshalas
122lasaP
utinasutupnagnednakpatetidgnaynaiarecrepnaratfadnepnadmikahnasutupekhelonakrabubidnaniwakreP
ratfadmalad - .lipiSnatataCratfad
tanakukalidsurahutinaratfadneP tapmetidakeremnadgnaroeshalasuatairetsiimausaudeknanohomrepsa
naratfadnep surahnaratfadnepakam,aisenodnIraulidnakanaskalidutinaniwakrepakiJ.utinaniwakrep
ratfadmaladnakukalid - .atrakaJidlipiSnatataCratfad
idsurahutinaratfadneP helorepmemutinasutupirahiradgnutihret,nalubmaneutkawakgnajmaladnakukal
.itsapgnaymukuhnataukek
nad,supahutinaiarecrepnasutupnataukek,utiutkawakgnajmaladnakukalidkaditutinaratfadnepaliB
igalilakestutnutidtapadkaditnaiarecrep .amasgnaynasalanadrasadsata
222lasaP
nagnutnuekitamkinemhelob,naklubakidnaniwakrepnaiarecrepkutnuaynnataguggnayiretsiuataimauS -
nupilakes,akeremnaniwakrepnagnednaanekrebnialkahipheloaynadapeknakijnajidgnaynagnutnuek
nagnutnuek - .kilablabmitaracesnakijnajidutinagnutnuek
322lasaP
uataimaus,aynkilabeS iretsi nagnutnuekaumesnagnalihek,utinaiarecrepnasutupmaladhalaknakataynidgnay
.akeremnaniwakrepnagnednaanekrebaynadapeknialkahiphelonakijnajidgnay
422lasaP
nagnutnuek,naniwakrepnaiarecrepaynukalrebnagneD - haletesrauleknakanakijnajidgnaynagnutnuek
imausnadgnaroeshalasnaitamek iretsi naiarecrepkutnuaynnataguggnaykahip,tutnutidtapadaregeskadit,uti
nugrepmemheloburab,naklubakidnaniwakrep nagnutnueknakaaynkahnaka - kahiphaletesutinagnutnuek
.laggninemaynnawal

30. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 03
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
522lasaP
gnaynalisahgnepiaynupmemkadit,naiarecrepnakataynidaynnanohomrepsatagnay,iretsiuataimausaliB
mnakairegeNnalidagnePakam,napudihgnepayaibkutnuipukucnem pudihnagnajnutnarayabmepnakpatene
.nialgnaykahipatrahnadaynigab
622lasaP
8391.5nagnedsupahiD - .226
722lasaP
.iretsiisuataimausisnaitameknagneditnehretpudihnagnajnutirebmemkutnunabijaweK
822lasaP
nagnajnuT - ijnajidgnaynagnajnut adapekrayabidsurahpatet,naniwakrepnaijnajrepmaladagitekkahiphelonak
.aynnagnitnepekkutnuijnajtapadnemgnayiretsiisuataimausis
922lasaP
araphasnagnedliggnamemuataragnednemhaletesnad,naiarecrepnaksutumemhaleteS autgnaro ekuata agraul
kananadadnemesuataharades - gnaykana hawabid audeknadapaisnakpatenemnakairegeNnalidagneP,rumu
autgnaro paitsatanailawrepnakukalemnaka - audekakijilaucek,kanapait autgnaro naksapeliduatatacepiduti
naasaukeknad autgnaro nagned, nasutupnakhadnignem - uatatacememnikgnumgnayuluhadretmikaHnasutup
naasaukeknadakeremsapelem autgnaro .
gnaymukuhnataukekhelorepmemutinaniwakrepnaiarecrepnasutupirahmulebesukalrebkaditininapateneP
akukalidhasukaditutimulebeS.itsap .gnidnabuatananawalrepnakukalidhelobkaditnad,nauhatirebmepn
aidalib,nanawalrepnakukalemhelobilawidajnemtakgnaidkaditgnayubiuatakapab,ininapateneppadahreT
ininanawalreP.amatrepaenilamaladduskamidgnaynaliggnapsataridahkadit utkawmaladnakukalidsurah
.aynadapeknakuhatirebidutinapatenephaletesirahhulupagit
,kalotidaynnanawalrepgnayuata,ilawidajnemtakgnaidkaditnaliggnapsataridahhaletesgnayubiuatakapaB
enilamaladkusamretirahhaletesirahhulupagitmalad .utinapatenepianegnemgnidnabkiantapad,audeka
arapnaaskiremeppadahretukalreb602lasaPtapmeekaenilA autgnaro .
032lasaP
lahrasadsatA - ,itsapgnaymukuhnataukekhelorepmemnaniwakrepnaiarecrepnasutuphaletesidajretgnaylah
alidagnePakam n iregeN napatenephabugnemkutnuasaukreb - aenilaturunemnakirebidhaletgnaynapatenep
audeknanohomrepsataulalgnaylasapamatrep autgnaro liggnamemuataragnednemhaletesgnaroeshalasuata
audekhasnagned autgnaro agrauleknadsawagnepilawarap, kanaadnemesuataharades - hawabidgnaykana
napateneP.rumu - nanawalrepadanupiksemaregesnagnednakanaskalidtapadnakataynidhelobininapatenep
.nanimajapnatuatanagned,gnidnabuata
ahpadahretukalreb602lasaPamileknadtapmeekaenilanautneteK .inil
a032lasaP
kanaaliB - uata032lasaPnakrasadrebgnaroesesataynnataukekmaladadarebmulebrumuhawabidgnaykana
iharesidnikgnumgnaynailawrepnaweduataubikapabnaasaukekmaladuata,ilawidajnemnaksagutid922
kana - aPnakrasadrebutikana nakhatnirepidsurahagujutinapatenepmaladakam,amatrepaenila412las
kananahareynep - .utikana
nautneteK - .ukalrebinilahmaladh913lasaPamileknadtapmeek,agitek,audekaenilanautnetek
b032lasaP
es,922lasaPamatrepaenilamaladnapatenepadaP gnayitrepeshasnagnedliggnamemuataragnednemhalet
,nasalarebgnaynaritawahkekadaalib,nailawrepnawedragnednemhaletesnadutiaenilamaladduskamid
awhab autgnaro ibkutnuaynpukucesnagnajnutnakirebmemnakakadit,nailawrepsagutiharesidgnay pudihaya
kananakididnepnad - awhab,agujnakhatnirememhelobiregeNnalidagneP,rumuhawabidhisamgnaykana
autgnaro paitkananakididnepnadpudihayaibkutnuuti - nawedadapeknakrayabmemnakanalubagitpait

31. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 13
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
utiadapmaladgnayhalmujutausnailawrep nautneteK.nakutnetid - nautnetek aenila tapmeeknadagitek,audek
.inihatnireppadahretagujukalreb922lasaP
c032lasaP
helobnailawrepnawed,inimulebeslasapamatrepaenilamaladduskamidgnayitrepeshatnirepadakaditaliB
nutnarayabmeptutnunem utinaniwakrepnaiarecrepgnatnetnasutuphaletes,nalidagnePtawelutinagnaj
ratfadmaladnakratfadid - .lipisnatatacratfad
d032lasaP
8391.S.SnagnedsupahiD - .226
132lasaP
kananakbabeynemnakakaditnaiarecrepaneraknaniwakrepaynrabuB - gnaykana utinaniwakrepnadrihal
nagnutnueknagnalihek - gnadnuheloakeremigabnaknimajidhaletgnaynagnutnuek - helouata,gnadnu
naniwakrepnaijnajrep autgnaro .akerem
kanaipatetnakA - aekmaladnadamasgnayaracnagnedniales,ayntutnunemhelobkaditutikana amasgnaynaad
nakaes - .naniwakrepnaiarecrepidajrethanrepkaditnaka
232lasaP
surahatrahnaigabmep,amasrebatrahnagnubagnagnedniwakuluhadutiiarecrebgnayiretsiimausaliB
VbaBmaladnakutnetidgnayitrepesaracnagnednadnakrasadrebnakukalid .I
a232lasaP
nagnedmukuhturunemutinaniwakreptabikaaumes,nialamasutasilabmekniwakutiiretsiimausaliB
nakaes,ilabmeklubmitayniridnes - ignarugnemkaditinilahnumaN.naiarecrepidajrethanrepkaditnaka
nataubrepaynukalrebnatujnalek - brep kahippadahretnakukalidhaletaynarikesgnaynatau - amalesagitekkahip
napatenepaynukalrebnatujnalekignarugnemkaditnad,urabnaniwakrepnagnedutinaiarecreparatnautkaw -
utiiretsiimausnaksapelemuatatacememhaletaynarikesgnay,mikaHnapatenep kanasatanailawrepnad - kana
napatenep,iridnesakerem - naasaukeknadnasapelepuatanatacemepiagabesgnadnapidsurahanamnapatenep
autgnaro .
.latabhaladaininagnednagnatnetrebgnayiretsiimausaratnanaujutesrepalageS
IXBAB
NAJNARNADAJEMHASIP G
,aohgnoiTnakuBgnisArumiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBkadiT( )aohgnoiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBipateT
332lasaP
lahadaakiJ - kutnukahrebiretsiuataimaus,naniwakrepnaiarecreptutnunemkutnurasadidajnemtapadgnaylah
guG.gnajnarnadajemhasiptutnunem nataubreprasadsatanakujaidagujtapadutikutnunata - gnaynataubrep
imausnadgnaroeshalashelonakukalidgnayrasaknaanihgnepnadnaayainagnep,narajaweksatabiuapmalem
.aynniaIgnaypadahretutiiretsi
432lasaP
nadaskirepid,nakujaidutinataguG naiarecrepkutnunatagugitrepesamasgnayaracnagnednakiaselesid
.naniwakrep
532lasaP
kutnuamiretidtapadkadit,gnajnarnadajemhasipkutnunatagugnakujagnemhaletgnayiretsiuataimauS
.naniwakrepnaiarecreptutnunem
632lasaP

32. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 23
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
rnadajemhasiP amasrebiretsiimausaudeknanohomrepsatamikahhelonakpatetidhelobagujgnajna - ,amas
helobkaditgnajnarnadajemhasiP.utnetretnasalanakujagnemkutnunabijawekapnatnakujaidhelobgnay
udamalesniwakhaletutiiretsiimausalibilaucek,nakniziid .nuhata
732lasaP
aumeskitnetoatkanagnedrutagnembijawutiiretsiimaus,gnajnarnadajemhasipatnimemmulebeS
naasaukeknaanaskalepiarecrebgnaykiab,utikutnunataraysrep autgnaro nadnaarahilemepnasurunad
kananakididnep - kadniT.akeremkana na - amalesnakanaskalidkutnugnacnarakeremhaletgnaynakadnit
naktaukidayapusnakakumekidsurah,nalidagnePnaaskiremep helo nalidagneP akijnad,iregeN ulrep ayapus,
.aynhelorutaid
832lasaP
tarusnagnednakujaidsurahiretsiimausaudeknaatnimreP tapmetiregeNnalidagnePadapeknanohomrep
naijnajrepnanilasnupuamnaniwakrepatkananilaskiabnakripmalidsurahutitarusmaladnad;akeremlaggnit
.ulalgnaylasapamatrepaenilamaladnakaracibidgnay
932lasaP
iregeNnalidagnePutinagnednaanekreB amasrebkutnuiretsiimausaudeknakhatnirememnaka - aracesamas
nagnajewirebmemnakagnayatoggnahibeIuatagnaroespadahgnemidabirp - adapekaynulrepesnagnajew
.akerem
akeremnakhatnirememnakamikaH,akeremtainnagnednahatrebutiiretsiimausaliB igalpadahgnemkutnu
aliB.nalubmanetawelhaletes ataynret akam,padahgnemkutnuakeremignalahgnemgnayhasnasalaada
.utiiretsiimaushamurekigrepsurahnakkujnutidgnaymikaH
lidagnePanamidhareadraulidlaggnittapmetrebutiiretsiimausaliB ,nakududektapmetrebutiiregeNna
nakadnitnakukalemkutnutapmeteshareadalapekadapekkujnunemtapadiregeNnalidagneP - gnaynakadnit
apagnatnetaracaatirebtaubmemnakautikujnutidhaletgnaytabajeP.ulalgnayaenilaagitmaladduskamid
haletgnay .iregeNnalidagnePekaynnakmirignemnadaynnakukalid
audekuatairetsiimausnadgnaroeshalasaliB - utiiregeNnalidagneP,aisenodnIraulidlaggnittapmetrebaynaud
namemkutnu,maidrebutiiretsiimaustapmetaragenidmikaHgnaroesadapeknohomemhelob imausaudekligg
naksagunemuata,naiamadrepraithkinakukalemnaujutnagnedaynadapekpadahgnemgnaroeshalasuatairetsi
.maidrebutiiretsiimaustapmethayaliwidaisenodnInalikawreptabajepadapekutilah taubidgnayaracaatireB
rahutilahianegnem .utiiregeNnalidagnePadapeknakmirikidsu
042lasaP
.audeknaumetrepayngnusgnalrebhaletesnalubmanenasutupeklibmagnemsurahiregeNnalidagneP
nautneteK - lasaPnautnetek - naksagutidkaditgnay,kapabnadubipadahretamasukalrebc032nadb032lasap
u naasaukeknakukalemkutn autgnaro .
142lasaP
utiiretsiimaus,nasutupeknakirebidhaletesnalubutastabmalgnilap,kalotidnakujaidgnaynanohomrepaliB
amasreb - .nanohomreptarusnagnedgnidnabnanohomrepnakujagnemhelobamas
242lasaP
hasipnagneD bijawigalkaditiretsiimausutinagnedipatet,nakrabubidkaditnaniwakrep,gnajnarnadajem
.amasreblaggnitkutnu
342lasaP
atrahnaigabmepkutnurasadnaklubminemnakanad,atrahnahasipreptabikarebulalesgnajnarnadajemhasiP
nakaes,amasreb - naka .nakrabubidutinaniwakrep
442lasaP

33. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 33
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
ilabmektapadnemiretsiiS.nakhuggnatidayniretsiatrahsataimausnasurugnep,gnajnarnadajemhasipaneraK
nakanuggnemkutnumikaHnadmumuasaukhelorepmemtapadnad,aynatrahsurugnemkutnunaasaukek
gnarab - arab .karegrebgnayayngn
542lasaP
nasutuP - aracesnakmumuidsurahgnajnarnadajemhasipianegnemnasutup gnaret - nagnaret amaleS.
gnaretnamumugnep - igabukalrebkaditgnajnarnadajemhasipgnatnetnasutup,gnusgnalrebmulebininagnaret
.agitekkahip
lasaP 642
nautneteK - agujukalreb,132lasaPnad,822nagnediapmas222lasaP,022nagnediapmas012lasaPnautnetek
.nialgnaypadahretiretsiimausnadgnaroeshalasheloatnimidgnaygnajnarnadajemhasippadahret
hasipgnatnetnasutupnakpacugnemhaleteS nadragnednemhaletesiregeNnalidagneP,gnajnarnadajem
kanaadnemesnadharadesagrauleknadautgnarohasnagnedliggnamem - ,rumuhawabidhisamgnaykana
tiridsataautgnaronaasaukeknakukalemnakagnayutiautgnaroaudeknadapaisnakpatenemsurah pai - pait
nagned,autgnaronaasaukeknadnaksapeliduatatacepidhaletutiautgnaroaudekalibilaucek,kana
nasutupnakhadnignem - akeremnaksapelemuatatacememhaletnikgnumgnayuluhadretgnaymikaHnasutup
.autgnaronaasaukeknad
ukalrebininapateteK gnaymukuhnataukekhelorepmemgnajnarnadajemhasipgnatnetnasutupirahhaletes
mulebeS.itsap irah kaditnupgnidnabatresnanawalrepnad,nauhatirebmepnakukalidhasukadituti
.nakhelobrepid
kahip,ininapateneppadahreT autgnaro sagutidkaditgnay naasaukeknakanaskalemkutnunak autgnaro helob,
ininanawalreP.padahgnemkaditaidaudekaenilamaladduskamretnaliggnapsataalib,nanawalrepnakukalem
kahiP.aynadapeknakuhatirebidutinapatenephaletesirahhulupagitutkawmaladnakukalidsurah ro autgna
naasaukeknakukalemkutnunaksagutidkaditnadnaliggnamepsatapadahgnemhaletgnay autgnaro gnayuata,
irahhaletesirahhulupagitutkawmaladutinapateneppadahretgnidnabnohomhelob,kalotidaynnanawalrep
eteK.agitekaenilamaladduskamret gnayubinadkapabpadahretamasukalrebc032lasaPnadb032lasaPnautn
naasaukeknakukalemsagutiharesidkadit autgnaro arapnaaskiremeppadahreT. autgnaro aenilaukalreb
.602tasaPtapmeek
a642lasaP
kanaaliB - ulebutirumuhawabidhisamgnaykana nakrasadrebgnaygnaroataynnaasaukekmaladadarebm
ubi,kapabnaasaukekmaladuata,autgnaronaasaukeknakanaskalemsagutiharesida642lasaPnad642lasaP
kanaiharesidnikgnumgnaynailawrepnaweduata - ad642lasaPamatrepaenilanakrasadrebutikana iausesn
kananahareynepnakhatnirepidsurahagujutinapatenepmaladakam,412tasaPnagned - .utikana nautneteK -
.ukalrebinilahmaladh913tasaPamilekatrestapmeeknadagitek,audekaenilanautnetek
b642lasaP
haleteslubmitgnaynaadaeknakrasadreB ,itsapgnaymukuhnataukektapadnemgnajnarnadajemhasipnasutup
napatenepadapnahaburepnakadagnemhelobiregeNnalidagneP - nakrasadrebnakirebidhaletgnay,napatenep
audeknanohomrepsata,ulalgnaylasapaudekaenila autgnaro nadgnaroeshalasuata haletes,akerem
audekhasnagnedliggnamemnadragnednem autgnaro kananadadnemesuataharadesagraulekarapnad - kana
nanawalrepadanupiksemaregesnakanaskalidtapadnakataynidhelobininapateneP.rumuhawabidhisamgnay
natuatanagned,gnidnabuata .nanimajap
.ukalrebinilahmalad602lasaPamileknadtapmeekaenilanautneteK
742lasaP
naklubagnemmikaH,732lasaPamatrepaenilamaladnakaracibidgnaynaijnajrepnakgnabmitrepmemhaletes
mausaudeknanohomrepsatagnajnarnadajemhasipnaatnimrep utignajnarmadajemhasipakam,iretsii
.utinaijnajrepmaladnakijnajidgnaytabikaalageshelorepmem
842lasaP
aneraklatabayniridnesnagnedmukuhturunemgnajnarnadajemhasiP naiamadrep naiamadrepnad,iretsiimaus
alagesilabmeknakpudihgnemini suretayngnusgnalrebignarugnemapnat,akeremnaniwakrepnadtabika
nataubrepnataukek - kahippadahretnataubrep - gnaggnetmaladnakukalidhaletaynarikesgnay,agitekkahip

34. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 43
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
bgnayiretsiimausnaujutesrepaumeS.aynnaiamadrepnadutinahasipreparatnautkaw ininagnednagnatnetre
.latabhalada
942lasaP
imausnakataynemgnaynasutupaliB iretsi iretsiimaus,salejaracesnakmumuidhadusgnajnarnadajemhasip
tabikaaynukalrebnakparenemhelobkadituti - emalib,agitekkahippadahretakeremnaiamadreptabika aker
.adaithaletutignajnarnadajemhasipawhab,salejaracesnakmumugnemkadit
IIXBAB
KANANANURUTEKLASANADNAKAPABEK - KANA
,aohgnoiTnakuBgnisArumiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBkadiT( )aohgnoiTnagnoloGigaBukalreBipateT
1NAIGAB
kanA - haSkana
saP 052la
.aynkapabiagabesimaushelorepmem,naniwakrepamalesnakrasebiduatanakrihalidgnaykanA
152lasaP
.imausheloirakgniidtapad,naniwakrepiradhulupnapaledsutaresekirahmulebesnakrihalidgnaykanaaynhaS
idhelobkaditutinarakgnignepnumaN lahmaladnakukal - :tukireblah
.1 ;utinalimahekiuhategnemhaletimausnaniwakrepmulebesalib
.2 utaustaumemuata,aynheloinagnatadnatidiniatkanad,ridahaidnarihalekatkanataubmepadapalib
atadnanemtapadkaditaidawhabisirebgnayayniradnagnaretek ;ayninagn
.3 .itamnakrihalidutikanaalib
252lasaP
sutaragitekirahkajesawhabnakitkubmemtapadaidalibaynah,kananahasbaekirakgnignemtapadkaditimauS
aditnaadaekmaladadarebhaletaid,utikanaaynrihalmulebesirahhulupnapaledsutareseknad kutnunikgnumk
gnayutausesaneraknupuamhasipretnaadaekanerakkiab,ayniretsinagnedhainamsajnagnubuhnakadagnem
.ajasnalutebek
iagabesutikanairakgnignemtapadkaditimaus,ayninamsajhaimalanahamelekadapekkujnunemnagneD
.aynkana
352lasaP
haletkananarihalekalibilaucek,naanizreprasadsatakananahasbaekirakgnignemtapadkaditimauS
gnayitkubiagabesutilahnakidajnemkutnunaknarepidsurahaid,utilahmalad,aynpadahretnakaisaharid
.utikanahayanakubaidawhab,anrupmes
2lasaP 45
nadajemhasipnasutuphaletesirahsutaragitnakrihalidgnay,kanagnaroesnahasbaekirakgnignemtapadaiD
nakakumegnemkutnuayniretsikahignarugnemapnat,itsapgnaymukuhnataukekhelorepmemgnajnar
awitsirep - nemkutnuaynarikkococgnayawitsirep .utikanakapabhaladaaynimausawhabitkubnakidaj
kanaisnakbabeynemkaditutiiretsiimausaratnanaiamadrep,hasnakataynidhaletutinarakgnignepaliB
.hasgnaykanaiagabesnakududekhelorepmem
552lasaP
haletesirahsutaragitnakrihalidgnaykanA .haskadithaladananiwakrepaynrabub
audekaliB autgnaro ilabmekniwaknaniwakrepaynsutuphaletesirahsutaragitnakrihalidgnaykanagnaroes
nagnediausesgnayaracnagnednialeshaskananakududekhelorepmemtapadkaditkanais,nialamasutas
netek naut - .inibab2naigaBnautnetek

35. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 53
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
652lasaP
lahmalaD - lasaPmaladrutaidgnaylah - surahkananahasbaeknarakgnignep,452nad,352,252,152lasap
;utiratikesiduata,utikananarihalektapmetidadarebaidalib,nalubutasutkawmaladimausnakukalid
malad ;utisidadarebkadithaletaidalib,ilabmekaidhaletesnalubaudutkaw
.aynpadahretnakiynubmesidhaletutikananarihalekalib,naupinepayniuhatekidhaletesnalubaudutkawmalad
ausnarakgnignepisirebgnay,nalidagnePraulidtaubidgnayatkaaumeS ,mukuhnataukekiaynupmemkadit,im
.mikaHakumidnatutnututausheloitukiidkaditnalubaudmaladalib
maladainudlaggninem,nalidagnePraulidtaubidatkanagnednarakgnignepnakukalemhaletes,imausaliB
arapigabakam,sataidtubesretutkawakgnaj kutnunalubaudamalesurabutkawakgnajakubretaynsirawilha
.akeremmukuhnatutnutnakujagnem
752lasaP
audutkawmaladaynnaktujnalemkaditsirawilhaarapalibrugugutiimaushelonakujaidgnaymukuhnatutnuT
aynlaggninemirahiradgnutihret,nalub .imaus
852lasaP
akam,nalajrebhisamutikutnuaynutkawlahadap,inilahmaladaynkahnakparenemaidlaggninemimausaliB
.252lasaPtubesretlahmaladnialesutikananahasbaekirakgnignemtapadkaditaynsirawilhaarap
nahasbaekhatnabmemkutnunataguG utikanakajesgnutihretnalubaudutkawmaladialumidsurahutikana
.kanaheloaynikilimemmaladuggnagretaynsirawilhaarapkajesuata,imausadnebatrahikilimem
952lasaP
lahmalaD - lasapnagnednaanekreb,aynsirawilhaarapanamidlah - 52,652lasap iaynupmem852nad,7
gnanewew akerem,kanagnaroesnahasbaekhatnabmemkutnunatagugutausnaktujnalemuataialumemkutnu
raulidlaggnittapmetrebakeremiradhibeluatagnaroeshalasalib,nuhatutasutkawakgnajhelorepmemnaka
.iregen
arepadalahmalaD .nakaudtapilidutiutkawakgnaj,tualidgn
6491.SnagneD - :nakutnetid,6491iluJ31ukalrebgnay76
.1 irakgnignemkutnunakukalidnaknikgnumemuatanakukalidgnaynataguginagnanemgnaymikaH
onakutnetidnakagnayutkawadapiapmasgnanewreb,kananahasbaek kutnu,nediserPhel
gnadnUbatiK952iapmas652lasaPmaladrutaidgnayutkawakgnajgnajnaprepmem - mukuHgnadnu
kutnu,nalidagnepraulidtaubidgnayatkanagnedkanagnaroesnahasbaekirakgnignemkutnuatadreP
macamesnarakgnignepnatagugutausnakujagnem nagnednaikimednatagugnaktujnalemkutnuuata,uti
sataidtubesretutkawakgnajnahadnignepalib,utnetrettaasiapmasnupuata,utnetretutkawakgnaj
naadaekanerak - .nakparahidtapadkaditaynkayales,asaibraulnaadaek
.2 aladduskamretutkawnagnajnapreP .natabajanerakmikaHhelonakirebidhelob)1(tayam
062lasaP
susuhkaracesgnayilawadapeknakujutidsurahkanagnaroesnahasbaekirakgnignemkutnunatagugaumeS
.utignadiskutnuhasnagnedliggnapidsurahaynubinad,utikanaadapeknakutnabrepid
P 162lasa
kanananuruteklasA - atkanagnednakitkubidhaskana - ratfadmaladnakratfadidgnaynarihalekatka - ratfad
.lipiSnatataC
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.haskana
262lasaP
eP awitsirepnagnednakitkubidtapadnaikimednakududeknakilim - amasrebkiab,gnayawitsirep - nupuamamas
iridnes - nadutnetretgnaroaratnananiwakrepaneraknadnarihalekaneraknagnubuhnakkujnunem,iridnes
idkusamretaidawhab,aynheloiukaidgnayagraulek .aynmalad

36. a .nawainruknawaw moc.topsgolb | 63
keobteWkjilregruB eisenodnIrooV
awitsirepiradgnitnepretgnaY - :haladanialaratnainiawitsirep
;aynnaknurunemhaletaynnakatakidgnaykapabamaniakamemulalesutignaroawhab
ahmaladsuruidhaletkanaiagabesaidnad,aynkanaiagabesaidnakukalrepmemhaletutikapabawhab l
;aynnapudihgnepnadnaarahilemep,nakididnep
;aynkapabkanaukalesaidiukagnemasaitnanestakaraysamawhab
.aynkapabkanaiagabesaidiukagnemaynaraduaskanasawhab
362lasaP
dnagnatnetrebgnaynakududekadapiridnakradnaynemtapadnupgnaroesadaiT atayngnaynakududeknagne
haggnaynemtapadnupgnaroesadaitaynkilabesnad,aynnarihalekatkanagnediausesnadaynitamkinid
.aynnarihalekatkanagnediauseskanagnaroesikilimidgnaynakududek
462lasaP
pataynkaditnadnarihalekatkaadakaditaliB sutupretkatgnaynakududeknakilime - utikanaalibnad,sutup
amannagnednakratfadid - ratfadmaladuslapaman - nakaesuatalipiSnatataCratfad - kapabiradnakrihalidnaka
iskasnagnednakitkubidtapadaynnanuruteklasaakam,lanekidkaditgnayubi - .iskas
aN ,silutretnaalumrepitkubadaalibilaucek,naknanekrepidhelobkaditnaikimedaracnagnednaitkubmepnum
naagudalibuata - kujnutepuatanaagud - awitsirepiradkujnutep - igalhatnabidtapadkaditgnayawitsirep
tnutobobrebpukucpaggnaidtapad,aynnaranebek .naikimednaitkubmepnaknanekrepmemku
562lasaP
tarushaladasilutretnaalumrepitkuB - ratfad,raulektarus - tarusnadratfad - ,ubiuatakapabaggnathamurtarus
atkauata - atkauatasiratonatka - kahipiradlasarebgnaynagnathawabidatka - asretgnaykahip maladtukgn
.utinahisilesrepmaladnagnitnepekrebaynaidesgnayakerem,pudihhisamalibuata,nahisilesrep
662lasaP
nakradnaynemgnaygnaroawhab,nakkujnunemkutnukococgnayitkubtalaalagesiradiridretutinawalitkuB
baynnanuruteklasaadapirid haletubilaosalibagujuata,aynubiiagabesayniukaidgnayubiiradkananaku
.utiubiimausiradkananakubaidawhabnakitkubid
762lasaP
natutnutilidagnemkutnugnanewrebgnayhalatadrepmikaHaynaH - .nakududekutausnakanatutnut
862lasaP
natutnuT satarihkanasutupekmulebesnakracnalidtapadkaditnakududeknapaleggnepnatahajekanerakanadip
.nakpacuidutinakududekianegnematekgnes
kahipalib,utiitrepesanadipnatutnututausnakracnalemkutnusabebnaaskajekipatetnakA - gnaykahip
itnepekreb adapnad,562lasaPnautneteknagnediauses,silutretnaalumrepitkubadanaklasa,maidlaggnitnagn
.naalumrepitkubaynadanakataynidhaletanadipnaaskiremepnaalumrep
962lasaP
netekanekretkadit,kanapadahretnakududekilabmekkiranemkutnunataguG .utkawtawelnaut
072lasaP
,utiitrepesnatagugnakracnalemtapadkadit,aynnakududeknakgnaujrepmemkaditgnaykanasirawilhaaraP
.asawedidajnemhaletesnuhatagitmaladuatarumuhawabidhisamutkawlaggninemkanaalibilaucek
172lasaP
arapnumaN ,utikanaheloialumidhaletutilahalib,naikimedmukuhnatutnutnaktujnalemtapadsirawilha
rihkaretgnayaracanakadnitkajesnuhatagitamalesaynnatutnutnaktujnalemkaditutikanaalibilaucek
.nakukalid