Economic terms
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The document defines several economic terms related to international trade, scarcity, and currency exchange. It explains that scarcity refers to wants exceeding supply, quotas limit imports into a country, and currency is money accepted as a medium of exchange, usually paper money. Trade barriers like tariffs, quotas, and embargoes can be used by governments to restrict trade between countries, with tariffs being fees charged on imported goods and embargoes blocking certain imports and exports through potential military force. Currency exchange rates refer to the price of one country's money relative to another's and can be fixed or flexible.
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Where S = Savings, T = Taxes, I = Investment, G = Government spending, X = Exports,
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2. Types of exchange rates (bid, offer, spread).
3. How to determine the appropriate rate to use when exposed to foreign currency (bid for receivables, offer for payables).
4. How to calculate cross rates between currencies not directly quoted by using a common currency.
5. How forward contracts can be used to hedge and eliminate currency risk on foreign currency receivables and payables.
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The traditional approach assumes an equilibrium exchange rate where a country's imports balance its exports. If imports exceed exports, the exchange rate will fall to make the country's exports cheaper and imports more expensive, balancing trade.
PPP has both an absolute and relative form. In absolute PPP, similar goods should have the same price in different currencies. Relative PPP recognizes market imperfections but holds that inflation rates between countries will offset exchange rate changes over time.
IRP links exchange and money markets, stating that interest rate differences between countries should equal forward exchange
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The document discusses key aspects of the foreign exchange market including:
1) The formation and functions of the market as well as differences between spot and forward exchange rates.
2) Determinants of currency exchange rates such as relative inflation rates, interest rates, and money supply which can be used for forecasting.
3) Issues of currency convertibility, government policies, and countertrade as a way to mitigate non-convertible currencies.
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The document discusses several key aspects of foreign exchange markets:
1) It describes the basic functions and participants in foreign exchange markets, including the differences between spot and forward exchange rates.
2) Several determinants of currency exchange rates are examined, including money supply and inflation rates, interest rates, and economic fundamentals used in forecasting models.
3) The concepts of purchasing power parity, currency convertibility, and countertrade strategies are introduced as additional factors that influence exchange rates.
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Gandhi's belief in non-violent protest shaped India greatly. His leadership of non-violent movements against British rule influenced India to gain independence. Non-violent protests, including strikes and civil disobedience, put pressure on the British to leave. As a result of Gandhi's influential advocacy of non-violence, India was able to achieve self-rule through non-violent means rather than armed conflict.
Ss7 h3.a independence_of_india
Nationalism in India grew in the 1800s as the British imposed unfair economic and political policies on Indians. This led groups like the Indian National Congress and Muslim League to call for independence. Mohandas Gandhi advocated non-violent civil disobedience, which put pressure on the British economy. After World War 2, Britain granted India independence in 1947, but religious disputes led to the partition of India and Pakistan.
Ss7 h3.a independence_of_india
Gandhi led non-violent protests in India against British rule through civil disobedience and the famous Salt March. Nationalism grew in India in the 1800s as the British exploited the nation's resources and people. Gandhi's tactics of non-compliance with unfair laws through boycotts and refusal to pay taxes put economic pressure on Britain and eventually led to India gaining independence in 1947 after World War II, though the country was partitioned along religious lines into India and Pakistan.
Ethnic groups
Ethnic groups are defined by shared language and culture, often including shared values and religion. Religious groups are defined by a common belief system. Literacy rates and poverty rates are closely linked - countries with higher literacy rates tend to have lower poverty rates and better standards of living. Literacy rates also affect economic development, with illiteracy limiting job opportunities and higher literacy allowing for more skilled jobs.
Geogeaphy of eastern asia[1]
The document summarizes key geographic features of Southern and Eastern Asia, including major rivers such as the Ganges, Huang He (Yellow River), Indus, Mekong, and Yangtze rivers. It also describes locations and key details about the Bay of Bengal, Indian Ocean, Himalayan Mountains, Gobi Desert, Taklimakan Desert, Yellow Sea, South China Sea, Korean Peninsula, and Sea of Japan. The document provides brief overviews of each geographic location.
Unit 5 posttest b study guide answers
The document contains a posttest with multiple choice questions and answers about independence movements in India and Vietnam, key events and leaders related to decolonization, and political and economic systems like nationalism, communism, and the Cold War. Specifically, it asks about Gandhi's nonviolent protests, leaders like Ho Chi Minh, the partitioning of Korea and Vietnam after WWII, and conflicts like the Korean and Vietnam Wars that arose due to Cold War tensions between the US and Soviet Union.
Independence in vietnam
China controlled Vietnam for nearly 1000 years until 939. After independence from China, Vietnam thrived as an advanced culture until the late 1800s when France colonized it. The end of WWII marked the beginning of Vietnam's fight for independence from France under Ho Chi Minh. It took 8 years of fighting but the French were defeated in 1954. The US then entered to fight on the side of South Vietnam against Ho Chi Minh's North Vietnam, but ultimately withdrew in 1975 after failing to contain the spread of communism.
Trade barriers
This document discusses trade barriers such as tariffs and quotas that countries impose on imports. Tariffs are taxes on imported goods that raise their prices, making domestic goods more competitive. Quotas limit the quantity of imports allowed, creating shortages that also raise prices of imported goods. While trade barriers protect domestic industries and jobs, they ultimately hurt consumers by reducing competition and choice, and raising the costs of goods. Most economists agree that free trade is better for economic growth.
Ss gr 7 economics us
There are three basic types of economic systems: traditional, command, and market. Most textbooks say the most common system throughout the world is a mixed system, which is a blending of characteristics from different basic systems rather than being a distinct system itself. Real-world countries exhibit mixtures of market and command features to varying degrees.
Three+middle+eastern+economies+presentation+israel+saudi+arabia+and+turkey+fi...
There are three basic types of economic systems: traditional, command, and market. Most textbooks say the most common system worldwide is a mixed system on a continuum between pure market and pure command. Israel has a market system oriented economy focused on high tech and services. Saudi Arabia has a command system focused on oil with government involvement in other industries. Turkey has moved toward more private enterprise but still has some government direction, placing it farther left on the continuum than Israel or Saudi Arabia.
Economy of-the-middle-east-2
Entrepreneurship involves starting new businesses to meet market needs or opportunities. Successful entrepreneurs help economies grow by creating new products/services, jobs, and tax revenue. While risky, entrepreneurship drives innovation.
Factorsofproduction 111018195637-phpapp02[1]
This document discusses the four factors of production that influence economic growth: investment in human capital, investment in capital goods, natural resources, and entrepreneurship. It explains that the presence or absence of these four factors determine a country's gross domestic product. Nations that invest in education and training will have a more productive workforce that can boost technological advances and GDP. Economic growth is measured by increases in GDP over time and is influenced by a country's resources and investments in physical and human capital.
Ss gr 7 economics us
This document provides information for 6th and 7th grade teachers on economic systems, including:
1) There are three basic types of economic systems: traditional, command, and market.
2) Most textbooks state that the most common system throughout the world is a mixed system, which is a blending of two different types of systems rather than its own type.
3) It includes charts showing the percentage of command and market-based economies for several countries based on an index from The Heritage Foundation.
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Three+middle+eastern+economies+presentation+israel+saudi+arabia+and+turkey+fi...
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Economic terms
- 2. What is the economic term called when people want morethan there is available. Wants exceed > supply (limited) Answer: Scarcity
- 3. What is the term that limits the amount of items imported (coming in) to a country. Answer: Quota
- 4. Money accepted in any form that is accepted as a medium of exchange (usually paper money) Answer: Currency
- 5. Government uses this idea to limit the trade of products between two countries. Answer: Trade Barrier
- 6. This is a fee charged (TAX) for goods or services brought into a country from another country. Answer: Tariff imported goods
- 7. Price of one country's money in relation to another's. This may be fixed (not movable) or flexible (movable). Answer: Currency Exchange Dollar Euro Pound Yen
- 8. A type of trade barrier in which the government blocks imports & exports of certain goods. Military force can be used to impose these! Answer: Embargo
- 9. What are the three types of trade barriers? Answer: Tariff Quota Embargo Big Three