Cme online Jan 2021 Blood Disorder

1. CME ONLINE
BLOODDISORDERS
RAJA KHAIRUL
PRIC

2. What Are Blood Disorders?
• Any health condition in which
something is wrong with part of
the blood is a blood disorder.
Some blood disorders are cancers.
Common blood cancers include:
• • Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
• • Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
• • Acute myeloid leukemia
• • Multiple myeloma
• Other blood disorders are benign
(not cancerous). Both cancerous
and benign blood disorders can
affect the whole body.

3. Inside Your Blood
• To understand blood
disorders, it helps to know
a little bit about blood. It
has different parts: red
blood cells, white blood
cells, and platelets. They
each have different jobs.
Red blood cells carry
oxygen. White blood cells
fight infection. Platelets
help our blood to clot after
an injury. The liquid part
that carries these cells and
other substances is plasma.

4. • When there aren’t enough red blood
cells, doctors call this anemia.
• When there aren’t enough white
blood cells, doctors call this
leukopenia.
• When there aren’t enough platelets,
doctors call this thrombocytopenia.
Sometimes there are too many of
certain blood cells. Other times, the
blood has too little or too much of
something it needs to work normally,
such as a clotting factor
What happens in blood disorders?

5. Symptoms of Blood Disorders
Blood disorders can cause symptoms anywhere in the body. Some common symptoms include:
Bleeding
Bruising
Swollen lymph nodes
Fatigue
Weakness
Shortness of breath
Fevers
Infection
The symptoms
will depend on
which blood
disorder it is
and which part
of the blood
isn’t working
normally. Many
other things can
cause those
symptoms

6. There are several different
types of causes. Many blood
disorders are genetic and
passed down from one
generation to the next.
happen as a result of other
diseases
What Causes Blood Disorders?
Some happen as a side effect
of certain medicines or when
people don’t get enough of
certain nutrients in their diets.
Sometimes doctors don’t know
the cause.

7. Iron-Deficiency Anemia
There are many types of
Iron-deficiency anemia is a
one that happens when people
don’t have enough iron. Your
body needs iron to make
red blood cells. This type of
may happen if you don’t get
iron in the food you eat or
doesn’t take iron in well.
other health conditions lead to
type of anemia. Treatments
include iron supplements,
iron-rich foods, iron
infusions, or blood
transfusions.

8. Sickle cell disease, or sickle cell anemia, is
an inherited blood disorder. It happens
when an abnormal protein in red blood
cells makes them hard, sticky, and
shaped like a letter “C.” These abnormal
abnormal red cell die, causing anemia.
They also can get stuck in small blood
vessels to cause pain, stroke, or other
problems. Medicines can help to prevent
these complications.
Sickle Cell Disease

9. Thalassemias are also inherited.
They happen when a faulty gene
causes the body to make too few
red blood cells and hemoglobin.
Thalassemias

10. A missing or faulty protein
causes this inherited
disease.The body needs
this protein for blood to
clot normally. So, people
with this condition often
have excessive bleeding
bleeding and bruising.
Doctors treat it with
medicines that replace the
missing protein or make
cells release more of it
Von
Willebrand
Disease

11. Hemophilia
Hemophilia is another
inherited bleeding
happens in people who
one of two other
important clotting factor
proteins. Doctors treat it
with infusions to replace
missing factor.

12. Venous Thromboembolism
This disorder happens when a blood clot forms in deep veins. If the
leg or pelvis, doctors call it deep vein thrombosis (DVT). If a clot
travels to the lungs, doctors call it pulmonary embolism. It happens
after surgery, injury, or in people with other health conditions.
medications to prevent clotting or procedures to remove or catch

13. Leukemia
Leukemia is a blood cancer in which the
body makes abnormal blood cells.
Usually, but not always, these are
abnormal white blood cells. The
abnormal leukemia cells can crowd out
other blood cells. There are many types
of leukemia, which can be either acute or
chronic. Treatments include
chemotherapy, targeted therapy,
radiation, and stem cell transplant

14. Multiple Myeloma
Multiple myeloma is another type of
blood cancer. It happens when the bone
marrow makes too many of certain white
blood cells. As a result, people with
multiple myeloma can have too few of
other white blood cells, red blood cells,
or platelets in their blood. Treatment
may include surgery, radiation,
medicines, or stem cell transplant

15. Diagnosing Blood Disorders
If a doctor thinks you might have a blood disorder, they will ask you questions and
tests. Blood tests can tell if your blood cell counts are in the normal range and if
they look healthy. Doctors may order a genetic test. Sometimes they might test
marrow, too, since bone marrow makes new blood cells. A primary care doctor
might order some of these tests. You might also see a hematologist, a doctor who
blood disorders.
40% 55% 70% 85%

16. THANK YOU