Spiritual Resistance During The Holocaust

Spiritual Resistance During The Holocaust
Spiritual Resistance
Imagine living through a time where you are persecuted for your religious beliefs, would you be able to practice spiritual resistance? For Jewish
people this was a daily dilemma they faced in death camps, ghettos, or in hiding during the Holocaust. This may seem like a difficult decision, but for
many brave Jews, all they had left was their faith. Some of the very dedicated and brave made it their mission to record the tragedies of everyday life
during the Holocaust. Those same courageous people fought to keep the Jewish faith existing. Spiritual and cultural resistance is important to preserve
the history and hope of the Jewish people and document what happened in the Holocaust.
Background
Spiritual resistance when referring to the Holocaust is extremely important to Judaism. "Spiritual resistance refers to attempts by individuals to maintain
their humanity, personal integrity, dignity, and sense of civilization in the face of Nazi attempts to dehumanize and degrade them,"("Spiritual
Resistance in the Ghettos"). Even though the Jewish people went through these dehumanizing and EGREGIOUS experiences, they continued religious
and cultural practices."Such religious, cultural, and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"Groups in many ghettos established secret archives and methodically wrote, collected, and stored reports, diaries, and documents about daily life in the
ghettos," ("Spiritual Resistance in the Ghettos")."The most widely known of these archives was that of the Warsaw ghetto, code–named Oneg Shabbat
("Joy of the Sabbath") and founded by historian Emanuel Ringelblum (1900–1944)," ("Spiritual Resistance in the Ghettos")."The project of
documentation within the ghettos was carried out in secret," (Preiss). The secretive manner of documenting life in the Holocaust was mandatory in
order to the Jewish people
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Hasidic Jews
Who are the Hasidic Jews, where are they from; and why did they migrate to the United States. Hasidic Jews, sometimes known also as Hasidic
Judaism, is a Jewish religious sec. It rose as a spiritual revival movement in contemporary Western Ukraine during the 18th century and spread rapidly
through Eastern Europe. The Hasidic Jews originated during a time in history when Adolf Hitler was a Nazi leader, killing more than five million
Jews; because the where considered to be inferior and a treated to those German clarity and clique. These survivors came from Eastern Europe during
a time in history that will never be forgotten World War II. During the time in history when Jews were easily identified by their characteristics, the
Hasidic Jews seemed to stand out more than other Jewish settlers do to their distinctive clothing and overall manifestation. As for their distinctive
clothing apparel, "the men were black suits with a white shirt; and a black top hat that is accompanied by their long facial hair and braided algors"
(Scupin, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Just like with the Hasidic Jews, though they can free–rome, they still encounter the realities of having the component parts closely compacted together;
in those inhabited domains like Brooklyn, which in turn has created some activities that shapes, affects; or involves the political sphere. Nevertheless,
Hasidic sodality very similarly restraint the race of inspirational prestige that compass, and protect dangerous familiar influential barriers around their
colonies. "Consequently, the rigorous culturally self–protective strategies of the Hasidic Jews have ensured a remarkable degree of religious and ethnic
continuity compared to that of other segments of the Jewish American population" (Scupin, 2012, pg. 168).
Resources
Scupin, R. (2012). Race and Ethnicity: The United States and the World (2nd ed.). Boston, Massachusetts, MA: Pearson

Non-Jewish Culture
When it comes to clothing, older Jews were more traditional with their dressing. Many younger Jews in the bigger villages and towns began to
embrace the modern way of dressing. Men and women both would cover their heads. Women with wigs and kerchiefs to appear to be more modest,
and men would wear hats and caps. Jews in Germany, France, Italy, the Netherlands and Belgium, which all comes together to be Western Europe,
were a smaller population. Instead of the traditional dressing they decided to be more like their neighbors and were adopting their non–Jewish culture.
"They dressed and talked like their countrymen and traditional religious practices and Yiddish culture played a less important part in their lives (
Jewish Life in Europe Before

Essay On Star Of David
Millions of people dead, all because of a little thing called religion. During the Holocaust, the Nazi's judged the Jewish community because of the
success, or lack of success, of the Germans. Judaism has been prejudiced for hundreds of years. But only recently has the Star of David represented the
religion; although the Holocaust has changed the outlook on this symbol drastically. All throughout time the significance of the Star of David has
changed: from its original meaning to the way we see it today.
Initially the Star of David was not a sign of the Jewish religion. The star was originally a sign of magic or specific family crests. Eventually overtime,
the Jews were attracted to it and adopted it as their own. Sources say that the star has only "achieved this status in the last two hundred years".
(Menorah Ministries) While the origin of the star is still unknown today, there are many theories. Many state that it originated from King David
himself. The story is, King David had a shield, embellished with the famous 6–pointed star, a gift from God, which gave him protection from his
enemies. Others claim that the star was introduced ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Many today, interpret the star as the strength of the Jewish people. Others think of it just as a symbol of Judaism. But one thing is clear. The Star of
David, along with the Jews, has gone through a lot in the past 200 years, from the French Revolution to the Holocaust. Throughout this long journey
there have been ups and downs. Nevertheless, while the interpretation has drastically changed through time, the Star of David has remained a
momentous symbol of the Jewish religion."So whether it is a blue star waving proudly on a flag, or a gold star adorning a synagogue's entrance, the
Star of David stands as a reminder that for the Jewish people... in God we trust"

Gender In Religion In Islam, Islam And Religion
Gender in Religion
Religion is a major cornerstone of human identity and culture. Anywhere you look on earth where there are people, there is a religion or set of
beliefs that those people follow. Many times, the teaching of these Religions can be twisted and manipulated to justify gender bias. The Simple truth
is people are treated very differently based on their Gender by followers of two of the most popular religions in the world: Islam and Judaism. I am
going to examine some ways the teaching of these two major religions are used to oppress, abuse, and differentiate women.
The first major religion I am going to examine is Islam. Religious roles are mainly imposed on women in Islam through the clothing they are required
to wear. Clothing is tied very close to ones' self–identity, as Waseem Fayyaz and Anila Kamal tell us in "Practicing Hijab (veil): A Source of
Autonomy and Self–esteem for Modern Muslim Women." They write, "The attire we wear is also strongly connected with identity. It is related with
the sense of one's self Different classes of society wear different dress to mark their status and position in society. Kings and ruling elite have worn
heavy and elaborate robes while public clothing has been simple. We use different uniforms to mention our jobs or institutions. People of different
cultures wear different dresses. Besides culture and region where we live, dress code is also determined by the faith we espouse. This way dress
becomes a symbol of one's

Jewish Culture Vs Modern American Culture Essay
900129666
Dr. Cowser
English 102
Essay 1
2/18/2017
"To every thing there is a season, and a time to every purpose under the heaven: A time to be born, and a time to die..." (KJV, Ecclesiastes 3:2)
This knowledge of death is common among many, including both Jewish and Modern Americans. However, even though this idea of inevitabledeath is
noted in both Jewish texts and the Bible, the burial practices are not so similar. Early Jew and Modern American customs differ in terms of preparation
of the body, funeral services and burial. Showing respect for the deceased is common among both cultures, however the way respect is shown is key to
understanding their customs. Once death is pronounced, many Modern Americans begin preparing for the funeral. A blog on decorativeurns.com states
that the actual funeral can take place between three to seven days after death ("When to Schedule"). Jewish traditions differ from Modern Americans at
this point. Maurice ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The reason for this is because it is considered disrespectful to have the body of the deceased up for display to be viewed therefore the casket is
shut and not reopened immediately following tahara. Americans, however, see a wake as an opportunity to say the last goodbyes ("Jewish
Mourning"). During wakes in America there are flowers around and sometimes on top of the casket. It is mostly for decoration. In contrast, Jewish
customs shun the use of flowers during the process of burial. This is because flowers are considered to symbolize life and during a funeral it's about
death ("Jewish Mourning"). During a Modern American wake, family members normally come together to pay respects to the deceased and send
condolences to the bereaved. A day or two after the wake the funeral is scheduled. Another comparison in funeral customs between Modern Americans
and Jews are how they carry out the

Anne Frank: Women In The Holocaust
Women in the Holocaust Anne Frank, one of the most discussed Jewish victims of the Holocaust gained fame after the publication of The Diary of a
Young Girl. She documents her life in hiding during the German occupation of the Netherlands in World War II. She once said, "If we bear all this
suffering and if there are still Jews left, when it is over, then Jews, instead of being doomed, will be held up as an example." Life in the concentration
camps was worse for Jewish women than it was for men. They faced even more difficulty and were being treated more cruelly. Duringthe Holocaust,
the government frequently subjected women, both Jewish and non–Jewish, to brutal persecution that was sometimes unique to the gender of the
victims. Women had to go to drastic measures to survive while incarcerated. Nazi's ideology was called the "Final Solution", this was the complete
annihilation of all Jews. All of this made the Holocaust brutal for women. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In Poland, women brought information to the ghettos. Many women escaped to the forests of eastern Poland and the Soviet Union, and served in
armed partisan units. In the French–Jewish resistance, Sophie Scholl, a student at the University of Munich and a member of the White Rose resistance
group, was arrested and executed in February 1943 for handing out anti–Nazi leaflets. Others engaged in resistance inside the concentration camps. In
Auschwitz I, five Jewish women deployed at the Vistula–Union–Metal Works detachment, had supplied the gunpowder that members of the Jewish
Sonderkommando at Auschwitz–Birkenau, used to blow up a gas chamber and kill several SS men during the uprising in October 1944. Millions of
women were persecuted and murdered during the Holocaust. Though in the end, it was their classification according to Nazi racial hierarchy, or their
religious and political affiliations that made them targets, not their

Jewish Art And Anti-Semitism During The Medieval Ages
During the medieval ages, the Jews were treated extremely disrespectfully and unfairly. Anti–Semitism encouraged murder and the prosecution of many
Jews. The art from this era shows the negative impressions and anti–Semitic policies against the Jews. These policies were harsh and humiliating. The
Jews were forced to wear pointed hats and long cloaks with circular yellow badges sewed onto their clothing. In order to point out their Jewish identity
and distinguish them from everyone else. The church blamed the Jews of offensive deeds such as killing Jesus and murdering children, which was all
shown in the art. The art also clearly reflects the anti–Semitism by showing the cruelty and nastiness towards the Jewish nation.
Many anti–Semitic policies existed in the medieval ages to harass and punish the Jews, restraining them from living in prosperity and peace. Harsh
policies inflicted upon the Jewish population in Medieval Europe, they are illustrated in the art from this period. Wearing a long cloak with a
yellow badge and a ridiculous pointy hat, are just a few of these strict policies. Pieces of art that demonstrate these policies are, the painting with two
men wearing cloaks and pointed hats (Page 27, picture 5) and the painting with an old man wearing a badge on his upper body (Page 27, picture 7).
These pieces of art strengthen the policy by showing that the Jews were forced to wear different clothing from the European citizens in order to
humiliate and show their low

Judaism And Christianity Similarities
Christianity and Judaism are two religions that have similar origins, but distinct and varying differences in their practices, beliefs, and teachings.
Judaism is the religion of the Jewish people. Christianity (Roman Catholics, Protestants, and Eastern Orthodox) stems from a Jewish sect in first
century AD (Anno Domini); thus, many of Jesus' followers were labeled "Christian" because of their claim that he was "Christ," equated in Hebrew as
the "Messiah" (Religion Facts, 2015). Although both religions share similarities between their religious virtues, founders, doctrine, and God(s),
variations exist in their teachings, scriptures, places of worship, principles, and views of Jesus. Christianity and Judaism are both founded on similar

German Jews During The Holocaust
Siyu Song
Dr Arms Valaries
English 307
German Jews During The Holocaust
When the Nazis settled that the Jews were the primary cause of Germany's problems in the Second World War, they launched a mission aimed at
torturing and killing them (Rosenfield 28). In particular, they sought to wipe all the Jews out of the surface of the earth. To gain political mileage, Hitler
faulted the Jews for Germany's economic woes following the First World War. This further created a lot of negative feelings required for Hitler to
come and rule Germany. He embarked on a mission geared towards imprisoning the Jewish people in concentration camps. In January 1937, 214,000
Jews by religious definition lived in Germany. The persecution of the Jews in 1940s took ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The needy Jews would on some occasions be given hand–me–downs of neighbors who had taken committed suicide or had been summoned for
deportation. Getting such hand–me–downs was illegalized because the government confiscated all the Jewish possessions (Kaplan 145). Besides
withholding food and clothing from the Jews, the Nazis turned rendered the Jews into refugees within Germany. Government bodies compelled Jews
out of their homesteads and into new ones on short notices, keeping them migrating from one point to another. Jews had to sell more furniture with
every successive migration to tighter and tinier areas of residence. Normally a whole family would be squeezed into a compact room. In some cases,
total strangers were jammed together. Renowned poet Gertrud Kolmar, who shared an apartment with her father and some strangers, said that since
her bed was in the dining section, she no longer had refuge, no space for herself, and the feeling of homelessness had become more painful. In
addition, the new lodgings reserved for the Jews were under–heated and dilapidated. During winter, frost would develop inside the rooms, because fuel
deliveries were insufficient. Normally, in old and abandoned buildings, the rooms were infested, especially with bedbugs and other parasites (Kaplan
145). An integral component of the Jewish life in most of the Judenhauser residents was feared spot checks carried out by the Gestapo to look for

Hasidic Jewish Culture
Modern day is full of new innovations and ever changing technology. Imagine going back in time to a tight, religious group that is strict in its ways.
You can just go to Brooklyn, New York to experience it all. The culture, dress, and language has not changed since the second quarter of the 18th
century. The life of HasidicJews is radically different from everyday American life. Hasidism is very present in Brooklyn, New York. It is located in
Crown Heights, Williamsburg, and Boro Park. It is very cult–like in its demand for complete and blind faith on the part of it's adherents. They live in
small tightly knit, carefully controlled communities. In normal everyday culture, we are very free to live the way we want and know as much as
we want. The main languages are Hebrew and Yiddish which is slang talk for Jews. They use it like we use English. Hasidic Jews have a lot of
rules and restrictions they have to follow. Hasidic men study and memorize the Torah and follow 613 commandments. They also have to wear long
beards, earlocks, and long black clothing. Hasidic women just have to raise children and have lots of children. They have to wear modest clothing and
wigs or scarves to cover their hair because in Hasidism it is believed that only the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
American food is just based on fast, quick, easy, and fried. Hasidic food including fast food must be Kosher. Kosher means it must obey Jewish
law. The Jewish law says that the meat must have split hooves and chew cud like cows, sheep, goats, and Bulls. The animal must have all of the
blood drained and veins taken out and skinned before cooking. Certain birds are considered kosher such as the goose, duck, chicken, and turkey,
may be eaten. "Everything that lives and moves about will be food for you. Just as I gave you the green plants, I now give you everything." Genesis
9:3 NIV. God called us to eat everything. He does not specify how to prepare, but to just go and

Similarities Between Judaism And Medieval Islam
While comparing the experience of Jewish life under medieval Christendom and medieval Islam, it is evident that the treatment of Jews in the Islamic
society was substantially better. Jews living under the Islamic rule were provided with a sense of security, which allowed them to prosper as a
recognized minority. To show the positive and unique medieval Jewish–Arab experience, a Muslim man wrote a letter about his mentor, a Jewish
physician living under Islamic rule. Ibn Samuel, the Jewish physician, was described by the Muslim as being intelligent, devoted to Judaism, and a
master of medicine. With the various positive religious, cultural, social, economic, and legal trends of Jewish life under Islam in the middle ages, this
letter illustrates the unique relationship Jews and Muslims were able to have. Jews in medieval Europe had no place in society as the only minority and
a threat to Christianity; therefore, a Christian person could not have written this letter.
The initial Jewish presence in Islam paved the way for Jews ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As a dhimmi, Ibn Samuel was recognized by a Muslim as being a skilled physician that prospered under Islamic rule. Without the positive marginal
situation between the Jews and Muslims, the Muslim who wrote this letter would not have had the opportunity to work as a physician with Ibn
Samuel. Instead of being ignored and rejected he would have been in medieval Europe, Ibn Samuel was able to and was sought out to teach important
Muslim practitioners. Ibn Samuel was a pious man who practiced his religion and prospered socially and economically in the Islamic society. Due to
the exclusion, tough marginal situation, and religious differences in medieval Europe, it would be impossible for a Christian to feel this way about a

Catholic Community Observation Paper
On Friday, March 11, I attended a Sabbath evening service at the Congregation Beth Shalom Synagogue in Naperville. Being raised and only
attending the Roman Catholic Church, I was nervous about attending a service for a faith to which I did not belong and which was not even part of
my heritage. However, much to my surprise what I found instead was a religious ceremony with similar origins but different beliefs. A group of
Jewish people who welcomed visitors with open arms regardless of their religious faith. A community of Jews who volunteered their time an hour prior
to the service so they could educated, teach and answer any of my questions I might have about the Judaism religion. I was even invited for refreshments
after the service to meet the congregation. Even though, I learned Judaism and Catholicism are very different religions with different traditions,
customs, beliefs and ceremonies, I also observed they both share many similarities. In contrast to what I am costumed too there are many difference
between my Catholic religion and the Judaism religion I observed during my visit. The most obvious ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Before I went to the synagogue I imagined Jewish people as being rude, greedy and snobbish people. Instead I met a group of people who welcomed
me with open arms, taught me more than I would of ever expected to learn and invited me to join in their refreshments after the service. I imagined
Jewish people all dressed in black with long black hair and big noses. Likewise the older Jews would all have long grey hair, beards and wearing black
yarmulkes. Too my surprise they all looked liked you or me, everyone was well dressed and wore colorful yarmulkes to express their personality. As
they say, "you can't judge a book by its cover," played true in my serotypes of Jewish

Wearing Religious Clothing
Some people find that wearing religious clothing can be dangerous
Some religious say to wear a certain thing which can cause some risks when they go out in public. For instance Jewish men wear a skullcap in
public. They call it a kippa. It is a reminder that God is with them. But while wearing these not all the Jewish feel safe because of other on the street
like when a Jewish teacher was attacked in Marseille by a 15–year–old boy who slashed him with a knife. Also some muslims are upset because some
countries are telling Jews to not wear what they like because of others on the streets like when Zvi Ammar a Jewish leader in Marseille asked Jews
not to wear the kippa "until better days." By not wearing wearing a kippa it might keep Jews

Funeral Attire
Proper Funeral Attire for Widows
In the past, a set of strict rules and guidelines governed the behavior of the widow. There were guidelines for how she should dress and act at the funeral.
Clothing
Although black is no longer required, the widow should dress in a conservative manner, as this shows respect for the deceased. Most widows wear
nice clothing such as one would wear to a church service or wedding. Dark, subdued colors are usually worn, but in some cases, the widow may wear a
color or dress that her husband especially loved or even requested. Veils are a matter of preference. Many widows continue to wear them to hide their
tears, while others find them a hindrance. Some religious and cultural groups may require the widow to wear ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
During this time, the widow may be asked if she wants to perform certain small gestures. These are seen as a sign of respect and love for the
deceased. If flowers are placed on the coffin or in the grave, she may be given the opportunity to be the first to lay the flower on the coffin. Or she
may be offered a shovel so that she can place the first bit of dirt back into the grave after the coffin is lowered. The latter is more common at Jewish
funerals. At military funerals in the United States, the widow is given the American flag that had been draped over the coffin during the grave–site
service.
Treatment
The privacy and feelings of the widow should be respected at all times during the funeral. This is not the time to ask if she might get married again, or
how much life insurance she received from her husband's death. Instead, offer words of comfort, such as how much her husband's friendship meant to
you. Or share a memory with her. Specific, happy memories of her husband will likely bring great comfort.
You can also ask her if there is anything you can do to help, such as take her children to school or bring her some meals, but make sure you ask her
before or after the funeral, not during the

Cultural Appropriation in Advertising, Governments and...
CULTURAL APPROPRIATION IN ADVERTISING, GOVERNMENTS AND FASHION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CONTENTS:Page
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONSi.
INTRODUCTION1.
CHAPTER 1:Cultural ownership– taboo.2.
CHAPTER 2:Freedom, Liberty and war inside a government.3.
CHAPTER 3:Native American for just a day.4.
CONCLUSION5.
LIST OF SOURCES6.
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
FIGURE:Page
Fig. 1. Howard Zieff, You don't have to be Jewish to love Levy's (1967).
Print, Advertising campaign.
(Illustration: Available at: www.posterplease.com/posterblog
/wp–content/uploads/2009/03/277.jpg).2.
Fig. 2. Jacqueline Band, Wake Up America! (2008).
Print, Competition entry. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It depicts war, the misuse of freedom and killing faith and a whole generation.
America is the country full of hope and golden opportunities for people from all over the world, this picture, however is in contrast with the American
dream. It reflects Lady Liberty not on call and doing her duty– by lying down, sleeping on the symbol of pride, the American flag. On her lap is a play
toy– depicting the young generation and children without security, hopes and dreams, an empty bottle of pills depicting the fact that drugs is becoming

more prominent in the way American people are trying to cope with the true reality of this unjust country.
The unjust imagery used is the rows of graves– the soldiers dying for their country for no actual reason, the oil pumps burning is a symbol of the
American economy that is getting worse by the day, and then the White House in the background– it almost seems like the artist deliberately placed it
behind everything, it seems to be hiding, it can also depict the fact that the government is hiding important information from the people. The White
House, who should protect all rights, are actually causing war and death through their fight and claim to fame for sole ownership of oil.
The artist took everything good and positive about America and changed it into a negative way to send a message to the world about the actual United
States and president, thus this

A Critical Concerns Surrounding The Tallit's Male...
When we walk into the sanctuary of any synagogue, the first sights we most likely see are the aron hakodesh, the eternal lamp, and every man in the
congregation wearing a tallit, the ritual prayer shawl worn during weekday and Shabbat morning services. Now, we might also see women wearing the
tallit, too. In more recent years, women in synagogue have begun to wear the tallit as a movement towards egalitarianism, taking religious practice into
their own hands and projecting a personal style to boot. In this paper, we will explore the critical concerns surrounding the tallit's male–dominated
origins, the move by women to wear the tallit on practical and symbolic levels, and the tallit as a method of personal expression.
The Origins of the Tallit
Based on the sea of tallitot we observe on men and women's shoulders in synagogue, we might think that the tallit has Biblical roots. Understanding
where the tallit, and the commandment to wear it, come from, however, requires both closer analytical and physical examination. The actual
commandment is to wear tzitzit, or fringes, on the corners of our garments:
Speak unto the children of Israel, and bid them that they make them throughout their generations fringes in the corners of their garments, and that they
put with the fringe of each corner a thread of blue. (Numbers 15:38)
This passage, which also appears in the blessings of the Shema, commands the wearing of tzitzit as a reminder to fulfill the mitzvoth and
commandments in

Hanukkah Ads
Secondly the colors in the advertisement are red and creamish white drawing parallel to the logo which consists of the same color. Here again, the
Jewish holiday Hanukkah colors of blue and silver are not represented making the Jewish reader feel excluded and alienated especially since the
text refers to their holiday. Jewish readers will infer the message as Christmas being superior to Hanukkah. Non Jewish readers on the other hand
will find the advertisement pleasing to the eye and festive as red has grown to be a symbol of holiday cheer and even considered auspicious and
cheerful in the Hindu religion. Non Jewish readers will view this as a smart strategy on behalf of the spirits manufacturer since they cleverly used the
same color scheme... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
All of these aspects alone or combined come off as inappropriate and offensive to Jews. Non–Jews interpret this as being thoughtful, or even humorous
although perhaps due to the lack of their understanding of Judaism. Personally, as an independent third party Hindu I found this advertisement very
offensive and disrespectful because it uses religious symbols in a humorous and humiliating way. Ironically, the advertisement's creative head was
Brian Gorden who himself is Jewish. Although this type of shock advertising may have been profitable for the spirits manufacturer they may have
alienated their Jewish customer base in the

Similarities Between The Vow And The Dybbuk
In the films The Vow, directed by Henryk Szaro, and The Dybbuk, written by S. Ansky, the creators of both works describe a classic story of a promise
between two fathers to wed their unborn children together. The Vow and The Dybbuk begin with this promise, but unfortunately in each film one of
the fathers dies before the promise is fulfilled. Ultimately, the children find each other but are posed with troubling complications that prevent them
from being together and having the promise fulfilled. Through the similar plot structures, there are evident similarities between the two films, but there
are also differences among the methods that both writers used to approach the story. The creators represent these similarities and differences in The...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In regards to costume, both films were similar through the representation of Polish nobility with their traditional outfit of a long robe. Because of the
prominence of this traditional form of clothing, both films have an emphasis on the traditional values of society as represented through the older
generation depicted in the films. However, in both films, the younger generation conflicted with this orthodox culture in that they tried to separate
from the traditional values. For example, in The Vow, Jacob broke away from many of his values in his time in Vilnius through performing activities
such as changing his clothing after receiving criticism from the more modern society (The Vow, 0:35:48). In The Dybbuk, Khannon also rejects
similar cultural values by rejecting God and accepting Satan after not being able to wed Leah (The Dybbuk, 1:01:10). The moral conflict within these
characters supports the message of intergenerational conflict between the orthodox Yiddish culture and this new arising Yiddish culture through the
use of costumes and surroundings of the characters. Not only was this cultural conflict present in the film, but it was also present in the life of S.
Ansky who wrote The Dybbuk. S. Ansky had resided in a town where he would provide books for the local children to read

Women's Gender Roles in Religion
Carolina Oquendo
Sociology of Gender
Final Project
Gender roles in religion have always been a controversial topic. All of the major world religions belittle women to some degree. It is not a secret that
women have historically gotten the short end of the stick, so to speak, when it comes to how they are treated and viewed in religion. After researching
this topic, I can safely say that the women do all the work and the men take all the credit. Women are treated less than equal to men in most religious
settings. Below I will touch upon women's roles in Christianity, Judaism, Buddhism, Hinduism, the Rastafari Movement, Mormonism and Islam and
how they have in fact, gotten the "short end of the stick" and how women have been ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is evident by what is set forth above, that the Christian religion has not given women the same importance it has given men.
Judaism is the way of life of the Jewish people. The religion follows the Hebrew bible and believes that it is the expression of God with the
children of Israel. According to Jewish law anyone born of a Jewish mother or someone who converts into Judaism is considered a Jew. Their faith
is based on the laws revealed to Moses and recorded in the Torah. The role of women in Judaism has historically been seen as very docile. Women's
obligations and responsibilities are different from men's in the Jewish faith. In Judaism, unlike Christianity, God has never been viewed as
exclusively male. They also believe that women were created with greater intelligence; however, they are discouraged from pursuing higher
education or religious pursuits. It is often said that if women pursue higher education they will neglect their families and their jobs as wives and
mothers. The traditional role of a woman in Judaism is that of wife and mother and nothing else. This role should be priority over any other
undertaking, including any religious gatherings or proceedings. In Hebrew, women are referred to as "Chavah" or "the mother of life". Jewish women
are taught from the time they are very young that women were created for the sole purpose

Observation At MADA
The amount of economically disadvantaged Jewish people has been consistently rising for years within the Montreal community. With 18.5% of the
community falling under the poverty line, Montreal has the highest rate of Jewish poverty in Canada. MADA is an organization tasked with
lowering this number in the coming years and is close to the hearts of many, both clients and volunteers alike. For example, Lauren Rubio has been
dedicating her time to this facility for over ten years and is one of many dedicated volunteers. "MADA has two main goals," says Rubio. "The first is
to help the Jewish poor: people living under the poverty line, immigrants... We deliver themfood, clothing, and furniture. The other is to help the
lonely." As Rubio stated, MADA has an extremely... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In terms of furniture, MADA has another depot, which can be significant to those who either cannot afford the items they need or those who, after
emergency situations such as fires, are left without any furniture. Finally, there is Shabbat to Share, their newest and most distinctive program.
Volunteers are to distribute boxes to the poor containing the essential items, such as food and religious texts, that the celebration of Shabbat, a
weekly Jewish celebration, necessitates. Not only does it assist others from a religious standpoint, but is also helpful from a social one. "You can go
in and talk to [the client] for a two minutes, five minutes, depending on who it is. But a few minutes will change their lives," says Rubio. Every year,
there are more and more volunteers such as herself that participate in various different ways, such as Shabbat to Share delivery and the preparation of
food in the

The Culture Of Israel 's Culture
Wright 1 Culture is labeled as anything that makes up a person, or persons' way of living. It is an important part of every country, not only to the
citizens of the country, but to people all over the world. Culture can be broken down into five different categories: Customs and traditions, language,
arts and literature, religion, and social organization. One of the most interesting, and most recently developed, cultures in the world is the culture of
Israel. The country of Israel was officially constituted in 1948, but it does not have a lack of culture due to its' lack of history. In fact, the culture is
Israel is as interesting, if not more, as any other country across the world. Israel's culture allows people across the globe to gain insight to an
extraordinary country. The customs and traditions of a country are arguably the largest category of the five. They include things such as food,
clothing, holidays, and education. Food is an important part of any country's culture. Much like the western countries, Israel has certain foods eaten
as breakfast, lunch, dinner, or snack foods. Breakfast foods include things such as Borekas, Jachnun, Labane, and shakshooka. Borekas are Pastries
filled with chesse, vegetables, or potatoes. Jachnun is a dish that is made from dough and cooked overnight, usually for guests. Labane is a tangy
yogurt that is served as a side, and Shakshooka is a dish made from eggs, tomatoes and sometimes meat or vegetables. It is very spicy. Lunch

Business For The American Business
A GUIDE ON HOW TO CONDUCT BUSINESS FOR THE AMERICAN BUSINESS PERSON IN ISRAEL, A NON
–ENGLISH SPEAKING
COUNTRY
Prepared for
Professor Doranne Jung
Santa Monica, California
Prepared by
Kyle White
CPA
Leonard Business Management
January 21, 2015
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE.................................................................................iv
LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL............................................................3
INTRODUCTION
TOPICS Social customs ........................................................................ Family life, Clothing, Food .........................................................
Housing................................................................................. Class structure......................................................................... Religion and folk
beliefs............................................................ Economic Institutions ................................................................ Value
systems..........................................................................
VEGAN RESTAURANT IN ISRAEL...................................................
CONCLUSION...............................................................................4
4

6
7
8
9
11
13
14
14
REFERENCES...............................................................................15
APPENDIX...................................................................................16
Leonard Business Management
532 Colorado Ave.(310)458.8860
Santa Monica, CA 90401
July 20, 2015
Professor Doranne Jung
211 West Aspen Ave
Santa Monica, CA 90401
Dear Professor Jung:
The attached report, requested by the Business Communications course for this summer semester in a letter addressed to LBM on July 1, 2015,
describes the business and social customs in Israel from an informative point of view. A survey was conducted and five interviews were compiled in
order to gain primary knowledge of

A Brief Note On Ultra Orthodox Jewish Culture Essay
PART II: LITERATURE REVIEW AND DISCUSSION
According to Levine (2016), Ultra–Orthodox Jewish culture contains varying sects, Hasidic/Yeshivas is considered a Jewish religious sect which
originated in the Ukraine and Lithuania as a spiritual movement of Judaism which spread throughout Eastern Europe during the eighteenth century.
Hasidic Immigrants have settled in the United States, United Kingdom and Israel. Disciples of its originator Ba 'al Shem Tov have since disseminated
it into sects. The cultural intersectionality in focus is current Hasidism, an Ultra–Orthodox sect of Judaism which preserves its religious conservatism
and social isolation from mainstream society. (Levine, 2016) Ultra–Orthodox Jewish culture maintains historical customs and likens to the Amish
culture from outside observation, their community and family lives have seemingly stopped in time. They are recognizable by their differential style
with characteristics reminiscent of the eighteenth and nineteenth century. The males adorn black coats and Cossack–looking hats; their beards are full
with distinct side curls called peyots which adhere to the Torah's instruction to not cut the corners of one's head. Different sects of Ultra–Orthodox Jews
vary the style of curls distinguishing one group from another. The women wear modest clothing which covers their skin from neck to ankles and
forearms and wears wigs that cover their shaven or closely cut heads. Modesty is of the utmost importance;

The Rabbis Role In Jewish Traditions
" Despite the theological claims of the Jewish traditions, it is actually not God who legislates in Rabbinic Judaism, but the Rabbis." Rabbis are
predominantly Jewish scholar who studies and educated Jewish law. The comprehension of these people is acknowledged through a religious
ceremony where one is suitably a Rabbi. Rabbis undertake in a preponderance of generating the oral and written laws, even seen as a figure closer to
God than any one else in the community. They have signified a remarkable role in the Judaism religion, from my understanding. In my judgement, the
Rabbis put work into the Jewish practices, and maintaining the orders and formation of the religion.
Rabbinic Judaism has been the dominant style of Judaism for as much as the sixth century C.E. and derived from the Pharisaic movement. After the
destruction of the second temple, Rabbis took the initiative in the Jewish practice into a more modernized contemporary style for the Jews. Rabbi
Akiba who came in imposing his school of rabbinic control, and that allowed rabbis absolute authority over the explanation of the Torah and restriction
over all conditions of Jewish life including marriage and divorce. Rabbis had knowledge of religion, studying the written Torah and ultimately got them
to bring together the Oral Torah. They strained rules to further peculiar laws of the Torah and even adding rules to publicize a thorough purpose of the
Torah. Administering the legal principle, the Torah became the

Le Pen: Christian Symbols
France's National Front leader Marine Le Pen has promised to ban Christian symbols and all types of religious clothing as part of an attempt to combat
radical Islam.
On Sunday, Le Pen said Jews and Christians would need to accept the ban on religious symbols and clothing to "fight the advance of political Islam."
She acknowledged that it would entail sacrifice, but the National Front leader insisted that it is needed because of the gravity of their present situation,
Christian Today relays.
Le Pen's comments came on the heels of French President Francois Hollande's declaration that the country had "a problem with Islam." In a book
titled "A President Should Not Say That," Hollande reportedly said France's female symbol could be a "veiled woman"

First Century Dbq
In thinking about living in the first century Palestine as a Jew, I choose to focus on factors that influence political and religious loyalties: There is only
one God.
In the first century Palestine, during this period, many people from Judaism believed that there was only one God because of the Jewish biblical
tradition. Since "both Jesus and his original disciples were children of Israel, that primarily explainable in terms of Jewish customs and beliefs" (pg.
43). The shared beliefs were from the Hebrew Bible, which proclaimed that there is one God of Israel by the name of Yahweh (Deut. 6:4–5). They did
this by remembering the most important commandment (Mark 12:28–30). This made them loyal to worship the God of Israel named Yahweh.
When

History Of The Holocaust Midterm Essays
Trudy Morse
10/15/2017
JST3701
Professor Julia Phillips–Berger
History of the Holocaust Midterm Essays
1)Antisemitism, the hatred for the Jewish people, has been called the longest hatred in history. This history is deep rooted and has existed for
thousands of years, taking different forms throughout its existence, and intensifying up until and through the Holocaust, to then diminish to an extent
but still be prevalent in most societies. Antisemitism exists in different forms, religious, ethnic, and political. The presence of Christianity as the
predominant religion in Europe can be noted as a driving factor in religious and ethnic antisemitism, as can the Holocaust. Whereas instances such as
the Islamic view on Judaism can be ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to the text of the Old Testament, Jewish authorities treated Jesus and his followers with hostility. Many Christians to this day, even though it
has been proven not to be true, believe that Jesus' crucifixion was a direct result of the Jewish people. Christian antisemitism was born from a
misconception by Jesus' followers that was then eternalized by being written in their bible. Christian antisemitism would continue onward through the
Crusades in which the persecution of the Jewish people reached an all–time high in Europe, where communities were destroyed, Jewish people were
killed, and others were expelled from their lands. Many stereotypes for Jewish people arose from this period because they were restricted to specific
"inferior" occupations by the Christian authorities such as tax collectors and moneylenders. This early on compulsory requirement to wear a yellow
star began in certain parts of Europe. Racial antisemitism was born in the Nineteenth Century when laws were passed in many European countries
posing the Jewish people as second–class citizens, not receiving the same rights as others in society. While they had reached a level of religious
emancipation in some countries, Judaism had become recognized as an ethnicity as well, and this ethnic difference from the Aryans therefore made
them "inferior." Pogroms began across Eastern Europe in the late 1800's which resulted in

The Puritanical Bans Introduced By The Almohads
In addition to the puritanical bans introduced by the Almohads, the movement also subjected the dhimmi population to violence. Going further than the
Almoravids, the Almohads were responsible for massacres and forced conversions of Jews and Christians alike, driving them into Christian Iberia. By
1200, the indigenous Christian inhabitants of al–Andalus had, for the most part, been forcibly converted or rooted out. The only Christians left in the
area were prisoners of war, mercenaries, and merchants. To emphasize the severity of the treatment of the dhimmis by the Almohad rulers, in 1224, an
Almohad chronicler, al–Marrakushi, made the claim that, "No pact of protection has been signed between us and the Jews or the Christians since the
rise of Almohad power." It was not only the Christians who were persecuted by the Almohad movement, as Jews were also the object of abject
discrimination. In addition to his previous statement, al–Marrakushi also noted that "In all the regions of the west there are no synagogues or
churches." The Almohads under Caliph Yaqub (1194
–1199) became increasingly paranoid about crypto–Judaism in Jewish families which had
converted to Islam. Such was his paranoia and contempt for these families that he demanded that they put on a humiliating garb consisting of black
clothing with sleeves that reached all the way down to the wearer's ankles in addition to a hat with ear–flaps. It was in this manner that the Jewish
ethnicity was discriminated against

How Did Jewish People Use Military Resistance To The...
The fight for Jewish honor The Jewish population of Europe was about 9.5 million in 1933. In 1950, after the Holocaust the Jewish population of
Europe was about 3.5 million.
The Holocaust, was a genocide during World War II in which Adolf Hitler's Nazi Germany, systematically murdered some six million EuropeanJews,
between 1941 and 1945.
At the time of the Holocaust, Jews used armed and unarmed forms of resistance in order to retain their humanity.Armed resistance was when the
Jewish people fought physically to avenge the slaughter of so many of their people. One example of this type of resistance was the Warsaw Ghetto
Uprising. "In April–May 1943, Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto rose in armed revolt after rumors that the Germans would deport the remaining ghetto
inhabitants to the Treblinka killing center. (Jewish resisitance article) This quote shows the acts of resistance at this time were violent. Armed
resistance showed how passionate and strong the Jewish people could be. Another non–violent way Jews resisted was through unarmed resistance. ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
An example of this type of resistance was how the Jews would do certain things they weren't allowed to by the Germans and then hid it. "Students hid
their books under their clothing. Jews smuggled books and manuscripts into many ghettos for safekeeping, and opened underground libraries in
numerous ghettos" (Spiritual resistance) That quote shows all the different things the Jews did to keep them going without a bother to others. These
efforts served to reaffirm a Jewish sense of community, history, and civilization in the face of both physical and spiritual annihilation. Jews resisted in
more ways through unarmed resistance than armed resistance, spiritual resistance was another form of nonviolent

Research Paper On Bless The Persecuted
The International Fellowship of Christians and Jews (IFCJ) has started a campaign called "Bless the Persecuted" last week to raise funds to help
Christians and other religious minorities in the Middle East who suffered persecution at the hands of Islamist terrorists. IFCJ will use the funds
raised through "Bless the Persecuted" to provide financial and medical aid, and to conduct psychological counseling and other programs for the
persecuted Christians in the Middle East. The campaign received an initial pledge of $100,000 when it started last week, the Jewish News Service
details. For IFCJ founder and president Rabbi Yechiel Eckstein, "Bless the Persecuted" is their way of fighting acts of hatred against people of faith.
He relayed his group's

Analysis Of Mazeltov For The Good Play
Mazeltov for the good play. Acting was phenomenal I felt like I was in a professional theater. For a high school the acting was above average, best
i've seen so far. Life in Russia being a Jewish man is hard, especially when you have five daughters. Mazeltov with that, am I right. Imagine living in
a world where you want to follow your jewish traditions but something stands in your way. Your daughters want to do something against Jewish
tradition. Tevye the dad of the five daughters was a very religious jewish man. A man who would follow his Jewish teachings every waking moment
of his life. His wife, Golde was very caring but could not stand Tevye at moments because of his decision making. His daughters were Tzeitel, Hodel,
Chava, Shprintze,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
From watching Tevye do his dance to seeing the hard decisions he had to make. It was a very emotional and dramatic experience because of the
religious duties Tevye had to follow and the results of what would happen with his decisions. It was a time to bite your nails, not knowing what
would happen next to a time where people made simple mistakes which made the play harder and confusing to watch. This play had the audience
at the edge of the seat at some moments because of how interesting this play was. This play was very good aside from the plays i've seen before. I
would rate this play a seven out of ten since I am new to theatre and these are high schoolers who aren't professionals but made it seem like a
professional play in my

Kochav Hashachar: The Gush Emunim Movement
The town of Kochav HaShachar sits in the middle of Judea and Samaria in the Benjamin Regional Council because it is within these hills that the
ancient Jewish tribe of Benjamin once dwelled before the destruction of the first Temple over 2,600 years ago. After the exile of the ten tribes by the
Assyrian army, only the tribes of Juda and Benjamin remained, because Juda was a much larger tribe than Benjamin, the latter become absorbed into
Juda and their distinct identity was lost. The Community of Kochav HaShachar was formed in late 1979, Gush Emunim movement (Block of the
Faithful) launched a massive campaign to increase the number of Jewish towns throughout Judea and Samaria. The already existing town of Ofra,
decided to set

The Topic Of Religion ( A Focus On Pastafarians ) Rough Draft
Aaron Mendoza
Farmer
ENGL 1301
12/01/14
On the Topic of Religion(A Focus on Pastafarians) rough draft "Hello, madam, have you accepted our lord and savior, The Flying Spaghetti Monster,
into your life?" the man says, a colander on his head, with a vaguely pirate–esque accent. Another annoying pastalatizer arrived at your door. What do
you say? Ignore him or hear him out? Is this man insane, or does he simply see you as someone to prank? Is this a game? Well, you 're answer could
be any of the above. In 2005, in a letter to a governor, a man mentioned a hypothetical Flying Spaghetti Monster, as a way to dispute creationism. This
has been adopted by teenagers, pranksters, atheists, and true–believers alike. The church's website, venganza.org states "Some claim that the church is
purely a thought experiment, satire, illustrating that Intelligent Design is not science, but rather a pseudoscience manufactured by Christians to push
Creationism into public schools. These people are mistaken. The Church of FSM is real, totally legit, and backed by hard science. Anything that
comes across as humor or satire is purely coincidental." It of course raises the question, "when is a religion legitimate?" It 's a matter of semantics,
really. The real question is not if these are legitimate, but what do these satirical religions say about our society?. What do these do for society? They
provide a view into the madness that religion itself entails, allowing us to discern the boundaries that

Judaism : The Oldestest Religions In The World
Judaism is one of the oldest religions in the world. Everyone knows that so that should be nothing new. Although Judaism is one of the oldest
religions is it also one of the smallest in population. It all started back 2,000 B.C. in a period known as the Abrahamic period. At this time the Jewish
people are just beginning to be known as their own distinctive group. The Jews practice what is their Jewish Identity and at the time they establish
being monotheistic. One of the other characteristics they have established was circumcision. After that, around the time 1,500 B.C. the Jews become a
nation and take possession of Palestine. Since 2,000 B.C. they have made many strides in their religion by coming up with the ten commandments,
which are divine rules of conduct given by God to Moses on Mount Sinai. Then, between 1,500–1,000 B.C. the Jews establish their own monarchy. The
nation was under brief political control by Saul, David, and Solomon. While Solomon was under control a temple was built and it was the symbol of
their faith. Next, after that the Jews are now taken under by foreign control around 500 B.C.. While they are under control the Jewish people are
exiled but are then able to return and the their gracious temple was destroyed but they were able to rebuild it. Then, in around 70 B.C. the Jews come
back to Palestine and rebuild the temple. Once they do that they rebel against the Roman control in which they are under. Finally, after that, the Jews
are forced out of

Great Wodka
A picture speaks a thousand words, what may seem beautiful to one may offend the sensibilities of others. This critical response will delve into the
Wodka billboard advertisement in New York City that can be interpreted differently by Jews and non
–Jews since the advertisement uses images that
consist of Judaist clothing and texts that misinterprets its relation Judaism.
To place the text in its context, it is necessary to sketch a brief history of the advertisement. The advertisement I am referring to was a billboard on
west side highway in New York City in 2011 which was ultimately taken down amidst protests. Wodka is a relatively newbrand of vodka that is
attempting to challenge its competitors like Ciroc and Grey Goose, with their slogan ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The image on the advertisement has a Christian dog wearing a red Santa hat and a Jewish dog with a yarmulke. While Santa hat has crossed the
borders of religion and is more of a symbol of a holiday than a religion the yarmulke is a traditional Jewish clothing also referred to as the Kippah
is a brimless cap worn by orthodox Jewish men at all times. This advertisement can be perceived as insensitive and offensive by a Jewish person
since a yarmulke is meant to be worn on a man's head, especially during prayers and putting the cap on a dog is insensitive to their religion and its
doctrines and can signify that the religion has been brought down to an animalistic level . Santa hats have been used in billboards and various other
texts innumerable times and have over the years lost the religious symbolism and instead have emerged as a symbol of a holiday and

Cultural Differences Of Muslim And Muslim Women
Firstly, the Jews and Muslims are divided by their different cultures. The three main cultural differences are their clothing, beliefs, and foods.
Common clothing that Jewish men wear is the Kippah and Tallit. The Kippah is a skullcap, also referred as a yarmulke, which is worn during
prayer or throughout the day, and can be worn under a street hat. The Tallit is a large rectangular fabric made of wool, cotton or synthetic. In each
of the four corners are strings tied in a specific pattern called tzitzit. On the other hand, Muslim women wear the hijab, abaya, or burqa. The hijab is
a folded piece of square or rectangular fabric that is a typical form of modest women's dress that folds over the woman's head. The abaya and burqa
both cover a woman's entire body; however the burqa covers the face, including her eyes.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Clothing has divided both nations since both religions have their own beliefs behind the clothing they wear and they clearly don't share any. The Jews
and Muslims have different beliefs when it comes to religion. Although both faiths believe in the afterlife, Judaism tends to emphasize life on earth. In
fact, the Torah emphasizes the importance of following these commands rather than concentrating on the rewards they will reap in the afterlife. The
afterlife in Islam, on the other hand, plays a significant role in shaping religious practices and beliefs. The main purpose of faith and following God's
commands is to prove oneself worthy, so a follower may spend the afterlife with

Cultural Sensitivity On The Part Of Nurses Towards Jewish...
It may seem that there would not need to be much cultural sensitivity on the part of nurses towards Jewish people. After all, Jews have been
intricately involved in American culture and history almost from the beginning of America. This melding of the Jewish culture into popular American
culture is shown in many ways. For example, many Yiddish words are part of American colloquial English. Shalom is a Hebrew word that is
commonly used by Jewish people to mean "peace", "hello", or "good–bye" (Bralock & Padgham, 2017, p. 513). Shalom may be a common Jewish
word, but it has been read, heard, and even used by non–Jews. In fact, a number of Yiddish words have made it into popular and colloquial English
usage. These include words such as... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
514). My interviewee, Elyssa, a young Jewish woman of twenty–eight, however believes that this generality is not true of the younger generation of
Jews who tend to be more reserved with their demeanor, expressing themselves more with a sense of humor and sarcasm. According to Culture
Vision (n.d.) Jewish dogma teaches that "It is everyone 's duty to maintain and preserve his or her own good health (both physical and mental)".
This does not mean that even Orthodox Jews avoid medical assistance. It merely means that their approach may be limited by Jewish beliefs. For
example, Elyssa states, "more religious Jews may want to consult a rabbi with certain medical decisions, especially if more ethically questionable.
Also, even Jewish people who strictly observe the Sabbath are able to break it for life saving measures. However, the needed medical treatment is not
lifesaving they may well refuse to participate in it on the Jewish Sabbath. For example, a patient in the hospital might prefer to delay a test or even a
procedure if it is not literally emergent and likely necessary to preserve life and health permanently" (E. Jankelovitz, person communication, January 20,
2017). Despite this it is important to remember that Jewish people not only want immediate relief during illness but also worry about what the

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