2. Definition
• Voluntarily arrangement in which two or
more entities engage in a mutually
beneficial exchange instead
of competing. Cooperation can happen
where resources adequate for
both parties exist or are created by their
interaction.
3/10/2015 2
3. The cooperative Principle
These ‘rules ‘ of conversation were first
formulated by the Paul Grice (1975) as the
Co-operative Principle. This states that we
interpret the language on the assumption that
a speaker is obeying the four maxims (known
as Grice’s Maxims) of:
• 1 QUALITY (BEING TRUE)
• 2 QUANTITY (BEING BRIEF)
• 3 RELATION (BEING RELEVANT)
• 4 MANNER (BEING CLEAR)
3/10/2015 3
4. Coherence
• Relation. Key to the maxim of relation is the
notion of coherence. Coherence is not
something that exists in language, but
something that exists in people. It is people
who ‘make sense’ of what they read and hear.
They try to arrive at an interpretation that is
line with their experience of the way the
world is.
3/10/2015 4
5. Capitalism & Socialism
According to Dictionary.com, Capitalism is…
• an economic system
• investment in and ownership of the means of
production, distribution, and exchange of
wealth is made and maintained chiefly by
private individuals or corporations
3/10/2015 5
6. Definition of Socialism
According to Merriam-Webster, Socialism is…
• Government ownership and administration of
the means of production and distribution of
goods
• A system of society or group living in which
there is not private property
• A system or condition of society in which the
means of production are owned and
controlled by the state
3/10/2015 6
7. Capitalism vs. Socialism
Capitalist countries:
• America
• Canada
• Brazil
• Japan
• Mexico
Socialist countries:
• Cuba
• Saudi Arabia
• Iran
• North Korea
• Burma
3/10/2015 7
8. Mixed Economy
According to dictionary.com, a Mixed economy
is:
• An economy in which some industries are
privately owned and others are publicly
owned or nationalized
• Many capitalist economies are mixed
economies (some capitalism and some
socialism)
3/10/2015 8
9. History of Cooperative Movement
• The history of co-operative movement in India
is broadly divided into two phases. That
means co-operative movement has passed
into two phases. They are-
• 1) Co –operative movement in pre-
independence era.
• 2) Co-operative movement in post–
independence era.
3/10/2015 9
