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Introduction to CALL
IT Center
ULIS-VNU

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CALL
Computer Assisted Language Learning

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Introduction to CALL
1. What is CALL?
2. Types of CALL programs
3. Types of CALL activities
4. What computers can and can’t “do”?
5. Roles of the Computer in language learning and
teaching
6. The development of CALL – from the pedagogical
perspective
7. How Computers can be used in the Language
Class
8. Principles of Using and Designing CALL Programs

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1. What is CALL?
 the area of technology and second language
teaching and learning despite the fact that
revisions for the term are suggested regularly
(Chapelle, 2001, p. 3)
 the search for and study of applications of
the computer in language teaching and
learning (Levy, 1997, p.1)

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1. What is CALL?
 any process in which a learner uses a
computer and, as a result, improves his or
her language (Beatty, 2003, p. 7)
 issues of materials design, technologies,
pedagogical theories and modes of
instruction (Beatty, 2003, pp. 7-8)

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2. Types of CALL Programs
 CALL-specific software: applications
designed to develop and facilitate
language learning, such as CD-ROMs,
web-based interactive language learning
exercises/quizzes

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2. Types of CALL Programs
 Generic software: applications designed
for general purposes, such as
- word-processors (Word),
- presentation software (PowerPoint), and
- spreadsheet (Excel),
that can be used
to support language
learning

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2. Types of CALL Programs
 Web-based learning programs:
online dictionaries,
online encyclopedias,
online concordancers,
news/magazine sites,
e-texts,
web-quests,
web publishing, blog, wiki, etc

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2. Types of CALL Programs
 Computer-mediated communication
(CMC) programs:
synchronous - online chat;
asynchronous - email,
discussion forum,
message board

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3. Types of CALL Activities
Can you name as many as
possible CALL activities?

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3. Types of CALL Activities
 multiple-choice & true/false quizzes
 gap-filling exercise/cloze
 matching
 re-ordering/sequencing
 crossword puzzles
 games
 simulations

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3. Types of CALL Activities
 writing & word-processing
 concordancing
 web quests/searching
 web publishing
 online communication (synchronous and
asynchronous)

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4. What computers can “do”?
What computers can and can’t do
in language teaching and
learning?

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4. What computers can “do”?
 Judge
predetermined
right-or-wrong
answers, e.g.,
multiple choice
and fill-in-the-
blanks
 Judge
unexpected input
CAN CAN’T

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4. What computers can “do”?
 Provide
immediate, yet
fixed, feedback,
suggestions, and
encouragement
 Provide
individualized
feedback beyond
a predetermined
list of messages
CAN CAN’T

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4. What computers can “do”?
 Provide authentic
information
through
multimedia -
texts, images,
sounds, videos,
and animations
 Engage learner in
rich negotiation
of meaning
characteristic of
face-to-face
interaction
CAN CAN’T

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4. What computers can “do”?
 Motivate task
persistence
•Record learner’s
writing, speech,
and learning
progress
 Motivate depth
and quality of
engagement
characteristic of
human
interaction
CAN CAN’T

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5. Roles of the Computer in
language learning and teaching
 computer as tutor for language drills or
skill practice
 computer as a tool for writing, presenting,
and researching
 computer as a medium of global
communication

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6. The development of CALL –
from the pedagogical perspective
 Structural / Behavioristic CALL (1960s -
1970s)
 Communicative / Cognitive CALL
(1980s -1990s)
 Integrative / Sociocognitive /
Socioconstructive CALL (1990s -
present)
Warschauer's Analysis

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6. The development of CALL –
from the pedagogical perspective
 Restricted CALL
 Open CALL
 Integrated CALL
Bax's Analysis

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7. How Computers can be
used in the Language Class?
1) Teaching with one computer in the class
2) Teaching in the computer network room
(network-based language teaching)
3) Self-access learning (independent learning)
4) Distance learning

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7. How Computers can be
used in the Language Class?
1) Teaching with one computer in the class
 delivery of content (PowerPoint, word-
processor, Webpages, etc.)
 classroom activities/discussions mediated
by the computer
 Interactive whiteboard

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7. How Computers can be
used in the Language Class?
2) Teaching in the computer network room
(network-based language teaching)
 task-based group work /activities
 computer-mediated communication
(CMC): asynchronous/synchronous
 tandem learning

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7. How Computers can be
used in the Language Class?
3) Self-access learning (independent learning)
 drills and exercises
 word processing
 resource searching

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7. How Computers can be
used in the Language Class?
4) Distance learning
 delivering online course content
 CMC activities: email, discussion forum, chat
rooms
 tandem learning
 community building

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8. Principles of Using and
Designing CALL Programs
 student/learner-centeredness (to promote learner
autonomy)
 meaningful purpose
 comprehensive input
 sufficient level of stimulation
 multiple modalities (to support various learning styles
and strategies)
 high level of interaction (human-machine and human-
human)