Medicinal chemistry||B.pharm||Coagulants & Anticoagulants

1. COAGULANTS &
ANTICOAGULANTS
BY
SWATHI KENCHA

2. COAGULATION
• Blood clotting is based on four factors:
Thromboplastin,Prothrombin,Fibrinogen and Ionized calcium.
• Process of clotting: Tissue damage occur
Thromboplastin enters into the blood from the platelets
Thromboplastin reacts with Prothrombin in
presence of calcium to form thrombin
Thrombin reacts with fibrinogen to form insoluble fibrin
Fibrin enmeshes RBCs to create a clot

3. ANTICOAGULANTS
• Chemical agents or drugs which will prevent the blood clotting in
blood vessels are called as anticoagulants

4. ANTICOAGULANTS-CLASSIFICATION
• Anticoagulants are classified as:
1.Invitro anticoagulants – Heparin,Sodium oxalate,Sodium citrate
2.Invivo anticoagulants –
Injectable – Heparin
Oral – a)Coumarin derivatives:Warfarin
b)Indandiones derivatives : Anisindione,Phenindione

5. MENADIONE(VITAMIN-K3)
Uses:It is a nutraceutical ,nutritional supplement because of its
vitamin K activity.
Used in the prophylaxis and treatment of bleeding due to
deficiency of clotting factors.
Used to treat malabsorption syndromes.

6. ACETOMENADIONE
Uses: Acetomenadione is used in the treatment of nutritional
deficiencies.
Acetomenadione provides essential nutrients

7. WARFARIN
Uses: Rodenticide
Anticoagulant
To prevent myocardial infarction
To treat peripheral venous thrombosis

8. ANISINDIONE
Uses:Anticoagulant

9. CLOPIDOGREL
Uses:Clopidogrel is used alone or with aspirin to prevent serious or
life-threatening
problems with the heart and blood vessels in people who have
had a stroke,heart attack or severe chest pain.

10. SYNTHESIS OF WARFARIN

11. MECHANISM OF ACTION
• Anticoagulants interfere with the synthesis of vitamin-K dependent
clotting factors in liver.
• They inhibit final step of γ-carboxylating glutamate residues of
prothrombin and factors VII,IX &X.
• This carboxylation is essential for the ability of the clotting factors
to bind ca²⁺ & to coagulation to proceed.

12. Descarboxy prothrombin Prothrombin
Vit K hydroquinone Vit K epoxide
NAD NADH
Anticoagulants

13. THANK YOU