Southern Ocean Research Paper

Southern Ocean Research Paper
As states in figure 1, the Southern ocean is located in the Southern hemisphere, which surrounds Antarctica. There are many natural resources that can
be found in the Southern ocean like whales, seal, fresh water as iceberg, squid, and krill. The Southern ocean is an environment that is a habitat for
many types of whale such as the Minke, Right whale, Sei whale, Humpback whale, Fin whale, Killer whale and Blue whale, which are the largest
mammal ever lived, it's bigger than a dinosaur. Closer to the shore Right whale can often be found, they have a large amount of oil, whalebone,
blubber and baleen, they are a slow swimmer, making them an easy target for a hunter. Sei whales don't usually stay in deep are of the ocean.
Humpback whale is also
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Blue Whale Persuasive Speech
The blue whale uses baleen in order to filter the speech. The blue wales are the largest vertebrate animal. In a study that was reported on May 24 in
Proceedings of the Royal Society B, Nicholas Pyenson, the museum's curator of fossil marine mammals, and collaborators Graham Slater at the
University of Chicago and Jeremy Goldbogen at Stanford University, went back and found the evolution of the size of whales in over thirty million
years of history. They discovered that the huge whales showed up along multiple branches in the family tree roughly two to three million years ago. A
reason for whales having those bigger body sizes is that by the increase of ice sheets located in Northern Hemisphere, whales had to change the way
they ontaimed food

Humpback Research Papers
The humpback whale is one of the largest mammals on the planet. Growing up to 18 meters in length, and weighing between 25 to 50 tonnes they are
truly behemoths. The humpback belongs to a group of whales called "baleen" whales. Baleen is a thick bristle like growth that extends from the upper
jaw of the whale, such whales do not grow teeth which makes then fairly uncommon among carnivores. The whales spend their summers feeding in the
cold southern ocean and migrate north to the south pacific during the winter months.
During the summer months in the Antarctic the ice begins to melt releasing air bubbles and nutrients which phytoplankton feed on. Krill, a small
shrimp like crustacean, feeds on plankton. The abundance of this plankton, and because of the small number of animals that eat it, has allowed Krill to
reproduce in vast numbers and millions upon millions of them will mature to adult hood. This is an ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The humpback whales will travel hundreds of miles to the south pacific, where the water is warmer, to mate and give birth to calves. The temperature
in the Antarctic tends to start to drop in may, as the orbit and axial tilt of the Earth swings the lower hemisphere into the shade for the next six months.
During their time away from the Antarctic, the whales do not hunt or eat. Instead relying on fat stores built up over their feeding season. The south
pacific also provides a safe place for the birthing of calves, whose small bodies would suffer in the freezing waters, not to mention the aforementioned
killer whales. In the north, the calves have time to grow and, like many mammals, live off their mothers milk until they are large enough to eat solid
foods. Typically when their colouring changes from a light skinned youth to the typical grey of the adults. A calf will stay with it's mother for around a
year, before setting off on it's

Whaling Industry Research Paper
Whaling industry has served an important role in Japan. It brings not only monetary benefits, but also served as a part of Japanese culture. The most
dominant time of Japanese whaling industry was during the period of WWII, which the whaling industry served as "Life–saving pills" to Japan.
Originally, The tradition of whaling is one that has been carried out by sea–bordering countries since the 7th century led by France, Norway, and Spain
(Joshua). The Primitive methods used in whaling was recorded in the oldest Japanese book in existence, called the Kojiki. One of the most important
methods was known as stranding, which involved herding the whales in order to force them to beach themselves (Joshua). Whaling has been an
integral part of Japanese ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Japanese would continue to be reluctant to give up whaling tradition and they will keep fighting for their cultural tradition(Rupert). On the other
hand, Countries like the United States are kept exerting pressure on Japan to stop their Whaling industry. "A deeper understanding of the Japanese
whaling history and culture is important to collaborate and compromise with them"(Joshua). The anti–whaling countries, including Australia and the
United States, are facing a challenge since they don't have the right to intervene on the right of the Japanese to live as they choose (Adrian). In order
to solve this problem, the world needs to cooperate together to come up with a plan that will save the Japanese tradition while saving the whale
population at the same

Northern Right Whales Essay
My animal is the Northern Right Whale. I have chosen this animal because they are very adorable and majestic animals and I wouldn't think that a
whale would be endangered because of how big they are. But my report is going to be about where it is from, what it eats, what is its ecosystem and
what animals are in its ecosystem, and etc.
Northern Right Whales originated in North Atlantic Ocean. North Atlantic right whales inhabit the Atlantic Ocean, particularly between 20В° and
60В° latitude. During winter, right whales occur in lower latitudes and coastal waters where calving takes place. The right whales also still live in the
Atlantic Ocean. The food they eat are Zooplankton and Krill. They take large gulps of water and then filter out their tiny prey using baleen plates.
Each side of a right whale's mouth has about 225 baleen plates, which can be up to 8 feet long. Northern Whales are carnivores. Although whales do
not eat the same meats as land animals they are known to consume fish, squid, octopus and other types of foods that are ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The warmest zones stretch across the Atlantic north of the equator. The coldest zones are in high latitudes, with the coldest regions corresponding to
the areas covered by sea ice. Ocean currents influence climate by transporting warm and cold waters to other regions. Creatures living in the Atlantic
Ocean include the manatee, humpback whale, sealion, starfish, catfish, Atlantic ghost crab, penguins, the green sea turtle, the grey Atlantic seal,
various shark species, and various fish species. By tallying field reports and rope scars found on whales, researchers have concluded that about 50
North Atlantic right whales become tangled each year, and about 83% of all whales have gotten caught at least once. Entangled whales often drown or
die from starvation or injuries; overall, 58% of the right whale deaths since 2009 were due to entanglements, a big jump from 25% between 2000 and

Verbal And Nonverbal Language Of Whales
Language of Whales
One would not think to compare humans with cetaceans such as whales. The cetacean brain is comparable to the size of the human brain, and is as
complex as the human brain, although its structure is evolved differently (Sato 1).Whales are similar to humans in that they are able to communicate,
have many languages, and learn from one another. "With limited sight and sense of smell in water, marine mammals are more dependent on
sound––which travels four times faster in water than air––to communicate" (Keely 1). This means that whales are mainly dependent on sound for
things such as communication and echolocation. Echolocation is an important tool whales use to navigate their way around the ocean, and without
communication, it is unlikely that whales or any species would survive for long. Whales communicate to find mates, teach their calves, show
aggression, show intimacy, and warn others of predators.
Whales interact with each other through verbal and nonverbal language. When it comes to verbal communication, whale are divided into two
categories, toothed whales and baleen whales. The toothed whale suborder converses through the use of high pitched clicks and whistles, and this is
possible because all species under this suborder have teeth. Baleen whales are equipped with baleen plates that have bristles attached to them which are
used to produce low–frequency sounds. It is deep melodic sounds the baleen whales make that are referred to as
"whale songs".

What Are The Similarities Between Sharks And Whales
Sharks are the oceans apex predator, but whales are the biggest species in the ocean. Sharks and whales do not have a lot in common. There have
been many movies involving sharks, from Jaws to Soul Surfer, and they show the brutal side of this giant fish. Whales however have almost no
movies, that are good anyway, besides documentaries, and they are mostly friendly. Sharks are vertebrates, they have a rigid backbone, while whales
are mammals, which means whales have fur on their body. Mammals are warm–blooded, so their body temperature stays the same, they breathe air,
and do not lay eggs. Sharks are cold–blooded, so they are the same temperature as their surroundings, but some are known as endothermic. They are
still cold–blooded, but... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are more than four hundred different species of sharks and only eighty–six species of whales. There are categories of whale that the species are
divided into based on their features. (Kennedy) Whales belong to the big group called the Order Cetacea. There are two main categories split from the
Order Cetacea; the Odontocetes and Mysticetes. The Odontocetes consists of whales with teeth and the Mysticetes have baleen instead of teeth. Baleen
filters the food that whales eat, sharks do not have baleen, but have teeth instead, up to 30,000.

A Brief History of Whaling Essay
While you could argue that practically everyone who has gone through the American education system has at least heard of Moby Dick, the whaling
industry, a main element of the epic, is not so well known. In order to fully understand and appreciate this great work, it is in my opinion, important to
have somewhat of an understanding of the industry which it is centered around. This is especially true because whaling was such a prominent, and
important aspect of 19th century culture and although far less popular, still exists today. Throughout this essay I will give a brief history of whaling,
discuss why it was such an important industry in the 19th century, talk about whaling in modern times, and lastly, tie it in to the novel. Although...
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They primarily hunted Right Whales. Because these whales were slow, submissive, and tended to sleep on the surface they were easy prey for the
Basques, who caught the creatures on their journey into the bay to breed. They would chase the whales in rowboats and hurl harpoons at them.
Because these particular whales' bodies floated when they died, they effortlessly dragged them to shore to strip and boil the blubber and harvest the
bone, also known as baleen. As far back as the 14th century, the Basques set off on a journey to find other good whaling bays and succeeded in finding
some on the coast of southern Labrador.
While the Basques grew more and more experienced at the trade of Whaling, people in the North of Europe began to earn more and develop a more
profitable market for the whaling industry. In 1610, the Muscovy Company from England began to recruit experienced Basque whale hunters and set
off to exploit many of the prominent whaling areas on the island of Spitsbergen. After realizing how profitable the industry really could be, the Dutch
followed in the footsteps of the English. The Dutch however, were far more violent than the English and organized their business far more efficiently,
resulting in the end of the English monopoly. About 9 years later, a new whaling town, called Smeerenburg was built on the island, and quickly became
one of the most prominent whaling locations. In the mid–17th century however, a miniature ice age lasting 50 years

White Eye Orca Research Paper
The body weight of the white eye orca varies, males have a bigger posture than females, their body length can be approximately 28 feet, and
females can reach up to 23 feet. The males can weigh up to 15,000 pounds, and females can weigh up to 10,000 pounds. The main characteristics of
the body appearance is that white eye orcas are black with white big spots on the dorsal fin, dorsal ridge and on the blowhole. The eyes and the
flukes are white. Its body shape is cylindrical, tall dorsal fin, as well as, the tail flukes are wide and strong, which is very helpful in quick navigation
through the rough and calm ocean currents. The body of the white eye orca is quite muscular, however it does not have a lot of body fat. This is the
reason why it does not need an insulator. Another important fact about the body structure of the white eye orca is the skin. The body is covered with
quite thick layer of the... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Reproduction: The reproduction is dioecious, sexual, internal fertilization; viviparous. White eye orcas are polygamous, which means that they can
have multiple partners in their lifetime. The maturation time of the males and females is different, for males it is 11 years, and for females it is 14
years. The females do not mate until they obtain the sexual maturity, also both sexes in order to mate, they have to be strong physically to be able to
compete with other orcas. White eye orca females are able to mate several times a year, which means that the reproduction cycle is not regular.
Similarly to the killer whales, white eye orcas have their own dialect, each pod has its own language, and this fact plays a huge role in the mating
process, because most of them do not mate with orcas from other populations. The length of the gestation is about 12 –13 months, orcas give birth to
only one offspring every time, calves are being born in the water. White eye orcas are precocial, females are significantly invested in parental duties
for about a

Anthropogenic Waves
Rays of pale sunlight pass through a gradient of cerulean blue. The wide–open space seems almost eerie until a humpback whale gently swimming
sings his song, and the space fills with wonder, that is until there is a disturbance.
Cetaceans evolved to use sound as their way of sensing the environment, navigating, foraging, and selecting mates. Anthropogenic sounds have negative
effects on marine life. Humans produce their own underwater sounds through activities such as aircraft over flights, boats and ships (vessels), tourism,
stationary offshore activities, air gun firing, sonars, explosions, and methods to control movement of marine life (W. Johnson Richardson and Bernd
WГјrsig, 1997). Many studies have discovered vessels to be the main contributor ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Killer whales utilize calls, clicks, and whistles for navigation and foraging (Juliana Houghton et al., 2015). Availability and quality of prey,
contaminants, and disturbance of anthropogenic noise are major threats to this endangered whale. The killer whales in the Salish Sea were studied as
part of a larger ongoing project to understand vessel noise and its affects in more detail. This study used a new version of digital acoustic tag
technology. These tags contain two hydrophones that record all underwater sounds (I will discuss this more further on). Vessel speed was found to
contribute the most to anthropogenic noise on this killer whale population. This study can help managers regulate the speed restrictions of vessels in
order to help this endangered whale species. Again, we have confirmation that vessels are the primary anthropogenic noise affecting cetacean

Scientific Analysis of Killer Whales Essay
Scientific Analysis of Killer Whales
Scientific Classification:
Order & Genus. The scientific order of all types of whales is Cetacea. This large order is broken down into three further groups as well: the toothed
whales or Odontoceti, which includes killer whales, dolphins, porpoises, beluga whales, and sperm whales, the baleen whales or Mysticeti, which
include blue whales, humpback whales, gray whales, and right whales, and the Archaeoceti order, which are all now extinct. The genus of these species
is Orcinus orca.
Family. The killerwhale is the largest in its family of delphinid. Bottlenose dolphins, common dolphins, and Pacific white–sided dolphins are included
in this group as well. The scientific name for this family is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The population can be distinguished because killer whales travel in pods, or groups. The resident pods can vary from as few as five to as many as
fifty whales. The transient pod size varies from one and seven individuals.
Physical Characteristics:
Size. Male killer whales average about twenty–two to twenty–seven feet and usually weigh between 8,000 and 12,000 pounds. The largest male ever
recorded was thirty–two feet and weighed about 21,000 pounds. As a male approaches adulthood, it acquires the typical male characteristics: it gains
weight, and its pectoral flippers, dorsal fin, and flukes grow larger than those of females. Female killer whales average about seventeen to twenty–four
feet and usually weigh between 3,000 and 8,000 pounds. The largest female recorded was twenty–eight feet and weight about 15,000 pounds.
Body Shape. The killer whale has a sleek, streamlined body. Its physical characteristics are adapted for life in an aquatic environment.
Coloration. Killer whales are easily recognized by their distinct coloration. The dorsal surface and pectoral flippers are black, except for the area
below and behind the dorsal fin. The ventral surface, lower jaw, and undersides of the tail flukes are mostly white and the undersides of the tail fluke
are lined with black. A white "eyespot" is located just above and slightly behind each eye and a gray saddle is located behind the dorsal fin. The
distinctive coloration of

More than 4,000 years ago, Japan was one of the first...
More than 4,000 years ago, Japan was one of the first countries to start whaling, Norway was another. When whaling first began, every part of the
whales were then use: the meat, skin, bones, blubber, and organs. During the Middle Ages, whaling grew in Northern Europe because of whale oil
and baleen (also known as whalebone). The oils were used for oil lamps and the baleen was used for corsets and hoop skirts (NG). Japanese culture
was founded on the idea of whaling. Eating whale meat is a sacred Japanese tradition that they as a country feel shouldn't be broken. Today Japan says
that their whaling research over past years has led the way to sustain this "renewable marine food resource" (NG).
Mid–1700's, whaling from Europe caught wind in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Right after the IWC launched their whaling ban in 1986, Japan started labeling their whaling as research to cover up their commercial whaling
efforts. The meat from the whales killed is then sold for cheap or for free even in markets throughout the country. Norway still whales and didn't
follow the IWC ban for any more than seven years. They found a loop hole in the ban and now hunt minke whales. They have also began looking for
minke breeding–females which will severely endanger the survival of the minke whale as a species in the Atlantic Ocean. Iceland was one of the
countries apart of the IWC, however, they didn't stay a part of it for long, and in 1992 Iceland left the IWC. When they rejoined in 2004, they added a
rider into their contract about how they were not "for" the IWC whaling moratorium. In 2006, Iceland began to commercial whale again and has since
killed 148 endangered fin whales and 60 minke whales (International Fund for Animal Welfare).
There are always going to be groups and organizations that will stand up for the whales and against any kind of whaling, however, that doesn't mean
that this problem is going to be eradicated easily. Japan, Norway, nor Iceland seem to be stopping, or even, slowing down on whaling any time soon
regardless of their reasons. The future looks grim for whales unless there is something big done. The IWC states that no whaling can occur until the
populations have returned to at least 54% of what they used to

Blue Whales Research Paper
Blue Whales are endangered and their numbers are slowly going up but it doesn't mean that they are also getting killed. This animal is found North
Pacific, Pacific Ocean, and the Indian Ocean. The blue whale is currently endangered, and it weighs approximately 300,000 pounds or 150 tons! The
blue whale is carnivorous and it can eat about 8,000 pounds of krill a day. The blue whale's life span can be up to 80 to 110 years pretty similar to
humans. The blue whale can be up to 100 feet long but they are usually are 60–80 feet long. When baby blue whales are born they are usually 20–25
feet long and can drink up as much as 200 pounds of milk a day. The blue whale is the biggest animal to have ever live on earth. The baby blue whale
can be dependant ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Many groups of blue whales are found in several locations around the world. The Sea of Cortez, the Gulf of St. Lawrence, the Indian Ocean and areas
off the coast of California have groups of whales that reside there. Many of these populations are usually specific or only found near or on these
regions. How do blue whales live? Blue whales live on all the oceans on the world they feed in high latitudes and they migrate to the tropics to give
breed and give birth. How many of these blue whales still exist or are alive today? Well the worldwide population is unknown, but blue whales are
considered to be endangered according to the U.S endangered species act. There have been many cases of hunters hunting the blue whale for their
large quantities of baleen, blubber, and meat. Even though blue whales are strongly protected it doesn't guarantee their safety and their numbers are
still not stable. How well can blue whales see and hear? It is nearly unknown how blue whales see or hear but it scientist expect them to have near
perfect hearing and nearly perfect vision especially in low frequencies and really deep waters where it is dark. What do blue whales eat and how do they

Effects of Illegal Whaling in The Southern Ocean Whale...
Whaling in the Southern Ocean Whale Sanctuary (SOWS) is an ongoing issue despite laws and regulations prohibiting commercial hunting in these
waters. Whaling fleets from Japan use scientific research to justify continued whaling in the Southern Ocean. Weak enforcement of the regulations set
up in the SOWS has allowed countries, most notably Japan, to continue their hunts with little interference. If whaling continues in the SOWS, it may
lead to irreversible effects to the ecosystem of the Southern Ocean.
A steady decrease in whale populations can have a top–down effect on many other species in the ecosystem, especially penguin, seal, and krill. The
reasoning is because whales are a keystone species in the Southern Ocean (Ainley, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Southern Ocean Whale Sanctuary is located in waters surrounding Antarctica.
(NEED CITE)
Whaling inside the southern ocean is strictly prohibited for commercial purposes; countries are allowed to kill a certain number of whales per year for
scientific research.
Ecosystem
To look at the ecosystem of the Southern Ocean, we will be referencing the food web created by Laws.
The whales that are going to be focused are species of baleen whales found in the southern ocean. These species are the fin whale, the blue whale, the
sei whale, the humpback whale, and the minke whale. As shown in the food web, the main food source of these whales is krill. This is important to
note in regards to the issues of prey switching, as well as krill surplus, which will be discussed later in the research. (WHAT IS A BALEEN
WHALE???)
Illegal Whale Hunting
Issue
The issue behind whaling in the Southern Ocean is mainly attributed to the permit of scientific whaling in the southern ocean. Allowing scientific
whaling in the Southern Ocean has sparked a debate about what is considered research, and what is considered whaling, and many are coming to
realize there is a fine line between the two. Currently, the only country performing scientific whaling in the Southern Ocean is Japan (Peace, 2010).

The problem with Japans scientific whaling program is that many believe it is being used as a cover for commercial whaling. According to Peace, most

Whaling Persuasive Essay
Blue Whales
As the largest known animal to have ever existed, the Blue Whale measures at 30 metres in length and weighs over 180 metric tons. This marine
mammal belongs to the sub–order of baleen whales, in which filters are replaced by traditional teeth within toothed whales. For decades, these majestic
creatures have ruled the seas worldwide, attracting tourists and scientists to take part in the peaceful nature of the Blue whale. However, even the Blue
whale, whom has been around for over 55 million years, were placed on the WWF endangered list in 1970. Without support from both Marine
corporations as well as the general public, it is likely that the Blue Whale will soon end its 55th million year of ruling the ocean waters of planet Earth.
The endangerment of the Blue whale has come as a result of not only direct harm such as hunting, but also indirect factors like environmental changes
and boat collisions. However, none have drove the Blue whale to endangerment as much as commercial whaling, which is still practiced today by three
remaining countries: Japan, Norway, and Iceland. Through various controversial studies on whether whaling should be illegal word wide, one must
constantly question the importance of the Blue Whale for success of the planet's future.
Since the 11th century, whaling has been a form of hunting. Originally ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This does not apply, however, in case of the so–called moratorium on whaling for commercial purposes, contained in paragraph 10(e) of the Schedule
not being lifted within a reasonable time after the completion of the RMS. Under no circumstances will whaling for commercial purposes be authorised
without a sound scientific basis and an effective management and enforcement scheme"

Baleen Whales Research Paper
Baleen whales are known as a whalebone. They also live in the Southern Hemisphere. The meaning of "Baleen" is made out of keratin, the same
protein that makes up our fingernails and hair. They make up one of two whale suborders within the cetacean family.
Baleen whales are mammals, which means that they are warm–blooded and breathe air using their lungs. That sounds interesting considering that they
live in ocean waters, but they have two blowholes at the top of their body that allows them to breathe when they reach the surface of the water. As
mammals, they also give birth to a live animal, called a whale calf. Unlike humans, who can take around one year to learn how to walk, whale calves
are born already able to swim.
Most baleen ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Once relentlessly hunted by commercial industries for these products, cetaceans are now protected by international law.
There are currently 86 recognized species of whales, dolphins, and porpoises. 14 are Mysticetes or baleen whales. These whales feed using a filtering
system made up of baleen plates, which allow the whale to feed on large quantities of prey at once while filtering out sea water.
The baleen whales (Mysticeti) are characterized by baleen, a sieve–like structure in the upper jaw made of the tough, structural protein keratin. The
baleen is used to filter plankton from the water. Baleen whales are also characterized by two blowholes.
In terms of social structure, baleen whales are known to be quite solitary in nature often traveling alone or in small groups.Communication among
baleen whales involves loud low–pitched moans and whines, and physical gestures such as spy hopping, lob tailing, breaching and charging. In spite of
their enormous mass, baleen whales are able to leap completely out of the water. Particularly known for their acrobatics are the humpback whales, but
other baleen whales also break through the

Development and Composition of Middle Ear Structures of...
DEVELOPMENT AND COMPOSITION OF MIDDLE EAR STRUCTURES OF BALAENOPTEROIDS (CETACEA, MYSTICETI):
IMPLICATIONS ON FOSSIL CETACEAN PALEOECOLOGY AND BIOLOGY
KERR, Tyler J., University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, United States, 82071
BACKGROUND
Whales (Cetacea) are unique among mammals in that they possess exceptionally dense, pachyosteosclerotic tympanic bullae1. Along the margin of the
bulla is a highly mineralized, extremely dense wall of bone called the involucrum that serves as a special adaptation to life in the sea and as a means to
facilitate sound reception and directionality underwater2,3,4. Moreover, this cetacean synapomorphy plays an important role in distinguishing its
members from the ancestral terrestrial artiodactyls from which whales diverged5. When cut into cross–sections, the involucral region of the tympanic
bullae in many mysticete (baleen whale) lineages reveals three easily distinguishable 'zones' of concentric laminar growth. Here we hypothesize that
these three distinct zones identified along the length of the tympanic bullae are capable of recording life history events during early development, when
the cetacean tympanoperiotic region is known to be rapidly ossifying6. We propose that the innermost zone (1) represents rapid in utero growth, the
intermediary zone (2) represents rapid birth and postnatal development, and the outermost zone (3), markedly thinner, represents slower, more lamellar
development from weaning on through adulthood.
Literature

Going At Seaworld Is Every Child 's Dream
Going to Seaworld is every child's dream. Seeing Shamu in real life is an unforgettable experience. All those who are able to attend Seaworld and make
it a reality, treasure the memories of viewing these oceanic creatures. The great opportunity of viewing animals in such a close and involved
environment is amazing, but no one questions how those animals were initially imprisoned in their aquatic cages. Why should these cetaceans, marine
mammals, be exploited and used merely as entertainment? The animals that are kept in captivity generally have a shorter lifespan than those that thrive
in the wild due to a number of different factors. Cetaceans along with any other animals. should not be imprisoned for the entertainment of human
beings. Dolphin performances have been a part of American culture since 1860 in the New York Aquarium as mentioned in the Rose
–Tinted Menagerie
in 1990 that was written by William C. Johnson. Since then the popularity for captive cetaceans have grown exponentially. According to Public Aquaria
the Fishing Information Service, currently there more than 100 marine parks and aquariums in the United States alone. Many of these marine parks
claim to have educational purposes and scientific research involved, which they may, but the focus is not on the study of the animals or the
preservation of said animals, merely of the income that the display and performances that each immaculate creature provides. Prior to the performances,
the animals are

Killer Whales Research Paper
Ocean giants that have captured the imagination of humans for centuries, whales are among the largest mammals on earth. This diverse group of
animals has over 75 separate species, and are considered by scientists to be some of the most intelligent animals on the planet. While modern whales
spend their entire lives in water, they are air–breathing mammals whose ancestors roamed land millions of years ago. With so many interesting facts
about whales, once question can be easily overlooked: Do whales have (teeth)?
Whales belong to infraorder Cetacea, which includes two other ocean–dwelling mammals: porpoises and dolphins. While all whales are carnivores,
that doesn't mean all whales have (teeth). Scientists divide whales into two different parvorders based on this phenomenon: Odontoceti and Mysticeti.
Whales that belong to parvorder Odontoceti are also called toothed whales. Toothed whales actively hunt their food and are known to eat a wide
variety of animals including sea otters, seals, sharks, squid, and even other whales.
Killer whales are the largest member of the dolphin family.
All toothed whales, including orcas and dolphins, are born with a mouth full of teeth!
The largest species of toothed whale is the sperm whale.
Sperm whales have teeth that can weigh as much as a kilogram, but scientists ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When a baleen whale finds food, it opens its large mouth and sucks in whatever it plans on eating with large amounts of sea water in one of three
ways. Gulp feeders wait until they have a full mouth, then press their tongues against the baleen. The pressure pushes the sea water out, and its food
gets caught in the baleen like a giant strainer. Once all the water is removed, the whale swallows its food whole. Skim feeders use a different approach,
skimming along the surface of the water with their mouths open to catch zooplankton. Bottom feeders plow along the seabed and use their baleen to
filter small invertebrates from the

The Pros And Cons Of Whaling
Whaling by definition, is the hunting and killing of whales for their meat, blubber and oil. The whaling industry has been around since the 11th century,
when the Basques started trading products from North Atlantic right whales (Whaling FAQs). Today, the demand for whale meat may be declining,
however we cannot be positive that whale populations can survive as they now face other threats (Whaling). Whaling has been occurring for over
thousands of years. Norwegians and the Japanese's where the first to hunt whales, as early as 4,000 years ago (Marrero and Thornton 2011). Whaling
traditions varied in different parts of the globe, for instance the Inuit hunted in the Arctic Ocean, the Basque hunted in the Atlantic, and the Japanese
hunted in the Pacific. All these cultures relied on whales to provide material goods for food, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Their purpose is to prevent the overhunting of whales, however, their regulations were loose and the quotas were high (Marrero and Thornton 2011).
Whales continued to perish. The IWC ultimately created whale free sanctuaries in the Indian Ocean (1979) and the ocean surrounding Antarctica
(1994). In 1982, the IWC called for a moratorium on commercial whaling, but both Norway and Japan voted against this policy (Marrero and Thornton
2011). Today, Norway supports hunting minke whales for meat, while Japan allows whaling for scientific purposes, which many experts question.
Despite the general moratorium, limited whaling is permitted to indigenous cultures that have traditionally hunted. According to Dave Weller, a
research biologist at NOAA's Southwest Fisheries Science Center, he says Pacific gray whale populations have recovered (Marrero and Thornton
2011). Aside from the moratorium, the IWC has collected valuable data and provide analysis that helps researchers understand the status of various
whale

Antarctica Animals Research Paper
Antarctica animals Where do Antarctica animals live? Seal lovers have given Antarctica the seal of approval because six species of seals live in the
waters and on the frozen continent. The fiercest are leopard seals, which eat seafood but sometimes prefer to eat penguins and other seals. The
biggest seals are bull southern elephant seals, which can grow up to 20 feet long. When challnging other males, the bulls inflate their large noses to
make their bellows louder and scarier. Elephant seals, going almost 5,000 feet deep and staying under for as long as two hours. Many whales make
their summer home in the waters of the southern ocean. Blue whales are not only the largest of the baleen whales but also

Whaling African Americans
Whaling
Whaling was very physical and economic business and the primary products were spermaceti, whale bones, sperm, and whale oil. The Native
Americans used whaling for tribal purposes. The colonist in NEw ENgland hunted whales for baleen and oil. Whaling also gave them better burning
candles. This is how the number of hales began to decrease as time went on.
Moreover, whales were hunted for mainly oil, because of this, colonists were hunting whales for half a century. To make the oil they carried pots on
their ships, they would cook the oil after they hunted the whale and they put them in barrels. Since the oil was extremely hot, it wouldn't spoil, so it
was good for long voyages. Whale teeth were also used. The sailors would use the teeth to pass the time. They made things for their ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Baleen whales have long strips (baleen) used to strain out krill from the sea water. Baleen is used in corset stays, umbrella ribls, carriage springs, and
fishing poles. It's also made of kerotin, which is the same substances in our nails. If it wasn't cleaned properly, it would have a horrible stench, which
lowered the cost.
Another thing that whales gave colonist where candles. They were a primary source for the colonists, the candles burned brighter than oil lamps and
they didn't have smoke.Amber gris is wax, and it is found in a Sperm whale's intestines, but only few whales have them. Once removed, it becomes
hard and lighter. But since it was so rare, they only used it for perfume,
Colonists were hunting whales so often that by the 1700's whales were nearly extinct. Since they were close to extinction colonists had to travel far in
order to hunt them. In 1712 there was a whale that colonist discovered that was plentiful in oil, so colonists targeted the whale for nearly half a
century. By the 1700s New Bedford Massachusetts was the place where the majority of the colonists went to hunt. Most of the trips to hunt whales
were in the South

Evolution Of Whales
This assignment will look at the fossil record of whales as an example of empirical evidence for evolution and is inspired by the article "Land–living
ancestors of whales" from the "Berkeley: History of Evolutionary Thought" resource for Module 1.
There are two extant groups of whales; odontocetes (toothed whales) and mysticetes (baleen whales) and both share many features with all other
mammals: they generate heat and regulate their internal temperature. The females bear live young and produce milk in mammary glands to feed them.
Although they do not have hair on their bodies some adult whales have sensory bristles around their mouths and there is a stage when the foetus has
hair.
Along with these general mammal characteristics whales ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They still had hindlimbs but these were tiny and the pelvis was detached from the vertebral column so they are unlikely to have been weight bearing.
Figure 4 shows their skeleton. Figure 4. Skeleton of Basilosaurus; the tiny hind limb is shown enlarged. Adapted from National Geographic's The
evolution of whales by Douglas H. Chadwick, Shawn Gould and Robert Clark Re–illustrated for public access distribution by Sharon Mooney ©2006.
Open source licence CC ASA 2.5 as viewed at http://palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk/palaeofiles/whales/archaeoceti.htm
The Dorudontids probably gave rise to the Basilosaurids and the two families of extant cetaceans. They had similar proportions to the modern
cetaceans, as shown in figure 5, and were completely independent of freshwater.
Figure 5. Skeleton of Dorudon atrox; © Philip D. Gingerich 1996, available online on his web site as viewed at http://palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk/palaeofiles
/whales/archaeoceti.htm
The vestigial hindlimbs are good evidence for evolution. If the whale had been designed they wouldn't be there. (sorry I have run out of time).
References (all accessed

Whales are some of the oceanвЂ™s most fascinating amphibious...
Whales are some of the ocean's most fascinating amphibious beings. They possess highly acquired communication skills and are believed to have an
intelligence level equal to, and in some species, surpass that of the human brain. The biological, anthropological, and marine educational communities
have studied the whale in a way that sheds light onto the studies of evolution as well. Yet, there are industries that subject these animals to captivity,
hindering the natural development of these animals. Of all the communities contributing to the protection and study of the whale, there is one tipping
the scale towards exploiting it for profit: The entertainment industry. Above the zoos and aquariums, who are just as guilty of exploiting animals...
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Living conditions for the whale are not up to par for what is required even for the smallest of orca calves. Due to the small living constraints, animals
feel claustrophobic resulting in mental health side effects such as psychological trauma. These living conditions also play a factor in captive whales'
life expectancies. Finally, SeaWorld's public image of the business is to prevent the practice of whaling, creating a scapegoat by claiming they do not
endorse its activities. However, SeaWorld also requires healthy, big whales sustainable for a number of decades. SeaWorld's solution is to have a
continuous supply of reproduction through insemination and inter breeding with other parks outside of their San Antonio, San Diego and Orlando
locations. Since the release of CNN documentary Blackfish, much has been said about the life expectancy statistics informed to the general public by
SeaWorld parks, claiming an average life expectancy for all whales from 20–30 years. According to several studies published in scientific journals,
average mortality rates for captive whales are three times higher than in the wild (Parsons). Based on 14 years of American and Canadian research,
Olesiuk et al. 1990 concludes "females mean life expectancy is 50.2 years with a maximum longevity of about 80–90 years...Males have a mean life
expectancy of 29.2 years and have a maximum longevity of about 50–60

Anthropogenic Noise On Cetaceans
Rays of pale sunlight pass through a gradient of cerulean blue. The wide–open space seems almost eerie until a humpback whale gently swimming
sings his song, and the space fills with wonder, until a disturbance arises.
Cetaceans evolved to use sound as their way of sensing the environment, navigating, foraging, and selecting mates. Anthropogenic sounds have negative
effects on marine life. Humans produce their own underwater sounds through activities such as aircraft overflights, boats and ships (vessels), tourism,
stationary offshore activities, air gun firing, sonars, explosions, and methods to control movement of marine life (W. Johnson Richardson and Bernd
WГјrsig, 1997).
Many studies have discovered vessels as the main contributor of anthropogenic noise. It is difficult to study the effects of anthropogenic noise on
cetaceans because it is hard for scientists to see the effects on communities in aquatic environments. Nevertheless, researchers are finding new methods
to study cetacean acoustics, which results in better details, but it is still hard to understand the long–term effects of anthropogenic noise on these
mammals. Researchers need to conduct more studies and add to previous data and results ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Bottlenose dolphins will decrease their calls in the presence of certain vessels. Call rates decrease, frequency and length of whistles increase, and
creaks changed in the presence of ferries and leisure boats. Dolphin whistles are a form of social communication. Vessel noise masks whistles interfering
with important social interactions such as mating and mother–calf communication, it is hard for the receiver to recognize signals. Dolphins use creaks
in echolocation; changes in these creaks reduce the efficiency of foraging. Short–term vessel noise effects on foraging and mating may turn into
long–term, affecting residency patterns (David Lundquist et al.,

Animal Adaptions : The Blue Whale
Animal Adaptions – The Blue Whale Introduction The Balaenoptera Musculus, or commonly known as the blue whale, is a carnivorous animal of
the order Cetacae and is classified as Baleen due to its morphological structure. It is found in most cold, temperate and coastal waters, as well as
deeper oceans, therefore its geographical location varies to all major oceans (Refer to diagram 1.0). The reason for the vastness in their distribution is
mostly due to the migration path of a blue whale, which they have adapted to survive in their environment. (Wwf.panda.org, 2015) Due to this, the
main purpose of this report is to discuss the various attributes of whales which have assisted in their survival and adaptation in their environments. This
includes morphological adaptations such as size, mouth structure, and their body shape; physiological adaptations such as Respiration and their
blubber. The report also focuses on behavioural adaptations which discuss migration, and their use of communication. The issues regarding the
destruction of whale's habitats due to the increase of ships on today's oceans and climate change is also discussed in this report as well as possible
solution which could prevent the possibility of extinction for the Blue Whale. Adaptations Morphology Morphology refers to the structure and form of
an organism, therefore the two features which are detailed in this report are the mouth and the unique body shape of the blue whale. –Mouth The blue
whale is

Blue Whale Research Paper
A) The organism I chose was the blue whale. The blue whale (scientific name: Balaenoptera musculus) is the largest marine animal with the weight of
about 180 metric tons (180,000 kg). They weigh around 150–170 metric tons (150,000 kg) together with a length of about 27m (89 feet). The largest
blue whale ever measured was 190 metric tons (190,000 kg), and the longest whale recorded was 33.6 m (110 feet). It is the biggest animal ever
discovered (so far). The head only cover 1/4th (25%) of their entire body length. Color: Blue whales are blue–gray in color with white patches covering
their body. The undersides of the flippers are lighter in color, and sometimes white, while the underside of the tail is dark. In Antarctica, the North
Pacific, and the North Atlantic, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Length and Weight: The average length of a blue whale is 75– 80 feet (23 – 24 meters) and these long marine mammals can weigh up to 200,000
pounds (90,000 kg). Whales in the southern hemisphere are generally larger than those in the northern hemisphere. One whale captured in the southern
hemisphere measured 110 feet (33 meters) in length. Females are usually larger than males of the same age. Fins: A small triangular–shaped dorsal fin
is located on the blue whale's back. This fin measures only one foot in height. The shape and size of the dorsal fin can be very different for each
whale. The whale's flippers are short and the tail is broad and triangular in shape. During the summer feeding period, a blue whale eats about 40
million krill each day, amounting to about 3,600 kg (7,900 pounds). During the other 8 months of the year, it lives of stored fat not eating
anything.The blue whale feeds by using its long flexible throat grooves to expand its throat and draws in water laden with the prey, then forces the
water out through its baleen plates. The whale then swallows after the baleen plates filter out the prey organisms (most likely

Blue Whales Research Paper
The Balaenoptera musculus, also known as the Blue Whale, is the largest animal in the world (Twister 1). These whales have been endangered since
the eighteenth and nineteen hundreds and have been here as long as the dinosaurs roamed the Earth. They are members of the group of whales
known as rorquals and are found in all the world's oceans. They live on the upper layers of the open sea and are mostly found along the edges of the
continental shelves (Zimmerman 1). Their habitat consists of polar and subtropical waters. Their lifestyle is diurnal and their group behavior is solitary
(A–Z). These mammals may be extraordinary, but they are in vulnerable positions because of hunting, pollution, etc. Blue whales will result in
extinction if we don't... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"They spend about a year inside its mother's womb, and when they are born they weigh up to three tons and they stretch up to twenty five feet. It
gorges on nothing but their mother's milk and gains about two hundred pounds every day for its first year" (National). "Females give birth to calves
every two to three years. They remain pregnant for about one year before giving birth. When born, the blue whale calf is about twenty three feet long
and weighs five thousand to six thousand pounds A nursing blue whale mother produces over fifty gallons of milk a day. At six months of age, they
are an average length of over fifty two feet, and the calf is then disengaged from his or her mother" (Marine Mammal Center). This growth rate is
astonishing and is probably the fastest in the animal kingdom

Evolution Of Whales
CSCI 5035–03
Assignment 4
WHALES
Marine biology is the scientific study of aquatic organisms, their characteristics and behaviors [1]. Even though everyone on the planet is aware of
the fact that about 70 percent of the Earth's surface is covered with water, it is believed that only 5 to 10 percent of the oceans have been explored
yet [1]. There are hundreds of thousands of marine creatures that can be found underwater with unique features. Ocean life is very diverse and is
categorized into different groups, such as sharks, mammals, reptiles etc. Of them, whales fall into the category of mammals and are considered as one
of the most magnificent and amazing creatures that have ever lived in the sea. In this essay, I am going to sketch the evolution ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The most common of these is the blue whale. Being the largest animal on the Earth, blue whale has a length of around 100 feet and weighs around
150 tons [3]. Their tongue alone can weigh as much as an Elephant. They are called blue whales because of having grey–blue color skin and light spots
on it. They usually swim with the speed of 5 miles per hour, but can make it up to 30 miles per hour when required. They sleep while sleeping and
at this time they use only half of their brain [3]. Examples of toothed whales include the sperm whale, killer whale, bottlenose whale, and other
species of dolphins. Of these, the most common is killer whale. Killer whales are considered as the biggest dolphin on the planet as they measure up
to 26 feet. They are highly intelligent and social creatures. They are named as "killer" because they kill other whales, and not because they kill people

Communicating In Pods Essay
Kassi Brown Lab 2
Communication in Cetaceans
Current Research:
How Dolphins Communicate– Dolphins travel together in pods. Even though they are travelling in pods it doesn't necessarily mean they are swimming
side by side, so they have developed communication tactics to communicate between one other. Dolphins use sound communication, since sounds
travels 4.5 to 5 times faster in the water. Over time dolphins have developed a very high pitch whistles to communicate with others. Dolphins whistle
for many different means of communication such as, letting the rest of the pod know where they are, letting others know who is in the pod, or about
their state of mentality (if they are distressed). Dolphins do not always whistle back right away to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Baleen whales are born with plates that have bristles attached to the plates (Whalefacts.org 2015).
Baleen whales will communicate using long very low frequency sounds. Humpback whales communicate using melodic whale songs. These low
sounds can be heard many miles away and allow whales to communicate long distances. Which is helpful in keeping track of the other whales when on
long trips, looking for a mate, or to let others know of their claimed territory (Whalefacts.org 2015).
Technology used to determine communication– Divers have carried computers underwater to record the sounds of the marine mammals
communicating. The computer will emit a light that picks up the frequencies to will make a path to detect which way they are coming from. The
diver will also carry a device which is called a Twiddler that can choose and make a sound in response (New Scientist 2015). Sonar: Active Sonar:
Scientists have discovered a way to be able to send signals into the water to communicate with the marine mammals that are within range. We call this
process "active sonar." This process is still being researched in order to perfect it and to be able to understand what the different sounds mean
(Teacher.scholastic.com

Beluga Whale Research Paper
A whale is a beautiful and simple creature. It belongs to a family known as Cetaceans which include other aquatic mammals like dolphins and
porpoises. While almost everybody knows how elegant whales can be, a lot of people do not know that these unique ocean mammals used to be a
stranger to the deep blue sea and its inhabitants. Over time, Cetaceans were soon able to do magnificent things in the ocean like swim over 30 miles
per hour and make tight turns in fast swimming situations. Most whales in the Cetacean family prefer to roam in the colder waters of the north and
south hemisphere, where they spend their whole life in the water. One of the oldest members of cetaceans is Pakicetus. This animal is about the size
of a wolf. It had legs... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The largest original population, in the Antarctic, had dropped significantly to only 360, which is about 0.15% of their initial numbers.
4. Sperm Whale (Physeter macrocephalus)
The sperm whale is the largest of the toothed whales and the largest toothed predator. When in search of food dives can last more than an hour. They
feed on several species, notably the giant squid, but also the colossal squid, octopuses, but their diet is mainly medium–sized squid. Sperm whales are
not known for bonding with other species, but researches have witnessed a bottlenose dolphin with spinal deformity accepted into a pod of sperm
whales. In literature, Herman Melville's novel Moby Dick is based on a true story about a sperm whale that attacked and sank the whaleship Essex.
5. Humpback Whale (Megaptera

The Importance Of Whales In Patagonia
On the shores of a remote inlet in Patagonia, Chile, 337 whales were found dead due to reasons yet to be found out. The Dodo reports scientists are
startled by what they called the biggest die–off in history. The carcasses found in June were believed to be sei whales, which are already considered
endangered. According to National Geographic, sei whales are large baleen whales that could reach about 64 feet in length and 50 tons in weight.
These bluish–gray sea mammals are known to be the fastest cetaceans, swimming up to 50 kilometers per hour. Usually found in deep waters and
away from coastlines, sei whales could live up to 50–70 years. Although researchers are still unsure of what have caused the die–off, lead scientist
Carolina Simon

Humpback Research Paper
Of course, no whale is more important than the other. However, the Humpback Whale is the most marvelous creature of all of them. A typical
Humpback Whale is 40 tons, and grows up to 40 to 60 feet long. It is known as the fifth largest whale in the world. Humpbacks are known as
omnivores. This means that they eat fish and plants in the ocean. The worldwide population of a Humpback is at least 80,000 whales in all. They are
known to be migrants just like other baleen whales. Unfortunately, these innocent Humpbacks are currently endangered. Many of them are endangered,
because whale hunters kill them for the supply of oil and baleen. Humpbacks are compelling mammals because they have a detailed body, odd
habits, a diverse diet, and a vast habitat. Humpbacks have an intricate body design. For example, they have black and white patterns and scars, which
are all different compared to other whales. The researchers use these differences to tell each individual whale apart. Humpbacks did not just get it's
name for no particular reason. They are called "Humpbacks", because when they dive they bend their back forming a bump. The shape of their head
looks very similar to the shape of an alligator head. In addition, there is a mouthline that runs along the length of the head, but barely curves ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Baleen whales are called migrants, which is why Humpbacks are always traveling in different directions. While these whales are traveling they
always travel close to the coasts of the ocean. They migrate according to seasons. For example, in the Summer the North Pacific Whales will travel
south. The reason for this is because they always travel to the warm waters during breeding seasons. However, they travel back north in the winter, so
they can feed there. They are often found in Hawaii or Baja, Mexico in the winter. Clearly, Humpbacks are continually moving and never stay in one
place for the whole

Yangtze Finless Porpoise
In China, laws have been passed that prohibit electro–fishing and rolling hooks among other gear and China has banned fishing in the lower and
middle regions of the Yangtze from April to June in hopes of allowing the population to replenish itself. However, most illegal fishing still occurs. Of
course the ESA (Endangered Species Act) also protects the porpoise, but it is also protected by the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of
Nature) It is on their Red List to spread awarness and the Yangtze River has established marine protected areas ( MPAs). Alas, the future still seems
bleak for the Yangtze Finless Porpoise.
Since 2002, WWF has reconnected more than 40 floodplain lakes to the main stem of the Yangtze River to restore seasonal... Show more content on
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*It is known best in China for it's silly, permanent grin.
*It was never actually hunted by humans on a large scale, but it is still nearly extinct. This demonstrates the fact that humans have large impacts on
every animal, regardless of direct interference.
K–selected Species: The Finless Porpoise has one calf at a time that is nursed for 6–15 months at a time, during which the mother teaches the baby how
to survive. They live in small pods or pairs and live up to 25 years. Late Loss Species: They reach sexual maturity at about 6 years old, and would live
long if they were not an endangered species as most died from old age naturally and individuals do not reproduce quickly or numerously.
The Yangtze River Porpoise or the narrow–ridged finless porpoise is a small aquatic mammal that can be found exclusively in the Yangtze River.
It is one of six species of porpoise and belongs to the group Cetacea, which includes all species of whales, dolphins and porpoises that are split two
subgroups, the toothed whale and baleen whale mainly based on the difference between feeding styles.
This porpoise falls under the toothed whale group because it feeds with

Lungs And Baleen Whale Comparison
In the mouth of a Baleen whale, hard plates of keratin grow down from the gums of the upper jaw. Keratin is the same protein our fingernails are
made of. These plates are called baleen. They grow in rows on each side of the whale's mouth.
Whilst Toothed whales feed on larger marine life like squid and seals,Baleen whales feed on krill, microscopic crustaceans, schools of small fish and
plankton. Baleen whales engage in filter feeding, making it very easy to eat many small pieces of food at once. Filter feeding is simply when the whale
opens up its mouth and it sucks in whatever happens to be there, while filtering out the undesirable water.
Only Baleen whales eat in this way, one of two categories of whales. The other category is Toothed

Whaling Persuasive Speech
Whales do not have our names on, so what makes people think it is acceptable to eat them, sell them and use their skin for our pleasure. Whales
belong to the order cetacea, this includes porpoises, dolphins and whales. Whales are split into two different types being baleen and toothed whales.
Baleen are the largest species of whale.
With whales being the largest animals on planet, killing them is not an easy task with this making many people more encouraged to kill. Whales
breathe air into lungs like all animals and are also warm blooded. They feed their young milk and have very little hair. Their tail fins also known as
flukes allow themselves to glide through the water. Most species' of whales have a fin on their backs which is also known ... Show more content on
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Supposedly, in Japan, the whales are killed for their meat for science however they were instead being sold in food markets or even given away
for free to hospitals and schools. This encourages the consumption of whale meat. The Japanese kill many different types of whales for example,
200 minke whales, 100 sei whales, 50 bryde's and 10 sperm whales under scientific research. There is also Norway, which didn't respect the IWC ban
until 1993 as they continued hunting for minke whales. Norway has a fixed number of whalers its whalers are permitted to kill for commercial
reasons. However, this number has rose from 671 in 2002, to more than 1,00 today. Norway are currently hunting a higher amount of female minke
whales in the North Atlantic which could put their long term survival in severe danger. Iceland is another country which has had and still does
whaling. Like Japan, they conducted a 'scientific' whaling programme and later it withdrew from the IWC. Iceland later re–joined in 2004 and they
spoke out in the objection of the whaling moratorium. Iceland targeted minke and fin whales when they continued with commercial whaling in 2006.
However in 2010, whalers from Iceland, also known as icelandic whalers killed 148 endangered fin whales and 60 minke whales. For countries such
as Greenland, they have historically been given an Aboriginal Whaling Quota by the IWC allowing them to

Common Bottlenose Dolphin
The Common Bottlenose dolphin is one of many dolphins in our world today. According to marinemammalsceince.org the scientific name for the
common bottlenose dolphin is "Tursiops truncates". Like many other mammals, this dolphin has been classified. According to San Francisco State
University Department of Geography "the kingdom Tursiops truncatus belongs to is Animalia, the phylum to which they are grouped in is Chordata,
and their class is Mammalia. The order in which they belong to is cetacean, the suborder is odontoceti, their family is delphinidae, and the genus is
tursiops." Overtime, everything experiences change, even Tursiops truncates. "The order Cetacean is further divided in two types known as the
Odontoceti, or toothed whales, and the Mysticeti, or baleen whales" (Cadelinia 5). The bottlenose dolphin falls into many categories. According to San
Francisco State University of Department of Geography "the bottlenose dolphin falls into the oceanic family, which is comprised of thirty–four species.
It has been concluded that dolphins, porpoises, and whales evolved from Mesonychilds, a group of land–loving carnivores. They have been estimated
to have lived 60 to 35 million years ago. These mammals eventually explored the seam resulting in the morphological and physiological changes of
their bodies to suit their newly discovered habitat"(Cadelinia 1). When looking at timeline pictures of these mammals, it seems to be that the shape of
their beak has changed overtime

Blue Whale Research Paper
A Blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus), which is also known as the great blue whales is a marine mammal that roams in various oceans throughout
the world. These mammals are found in all types of bodies of oceans and usually swim in small groups or even at times, alone. They are the heaviest
animals to ever exist on earth.
Physical Description
Blue whales are marine animals. They measure up to be 100 feet long and can weigh around 200 tons, while newborn blue whales weigh up to 3 tons
which is equivalent to 6000 pounds. The heart of a blue whale is as big as a car and their tongues can weigh as much as an elephant. An average weight
for an adult is 100–150 pounds, but there have been some reports of them weighing up to 210 pounds. The blue whale was ... Show more content on
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Taxonomic Classification
Blue whales are marine mammals which belong to the baleen whales. Other types of marine mammals would consist of: dolphins, sea lions, walruses,
gray whales, etc. Through research it is noted that blue whales belong to the Phylum Chordata, since they are vertebrates and bilaterally symmetrical.
All these aspects take part in how scientists decide to name these animals
Range and Habitat Blue whales used to be very copious in all of the main oceans in the world until around the 18–20th century when many of the
began to be killed off. They were mainly killed off so their large amounts of blubber and meat, which was used to make raw materials and products.
These mammals can still be seen swimming in many oceans, like the Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, and even the Antarctic Ocean, the numbers of blue
whales have gone down, which has slowly made them to be seen as endangered species. However, during spring/summer they have the tendency to
migrate to the Arctic Ocean. Blue whales spend their lives in different oceans in the world.

How Important Is Whaling Around The World?
Whaling around the World:
What efforts are being made to end needless whale deaths?
Seth Moffitt
"I've been diving for about 30 years, and I can honestly say that I've had some amazing encounters with sharks, squids, and other whales. But the
encounter with the right whales in the Auckland Islands was probably the best thing I've ever done. It was just that amazing."
Brian Skerry
Whaling is a prehistoric art. Although the practices of whaling have changed over the years, the principle remains the same: to kill innocent whales in
an effort to get meat and oil. Whaling is defined as "the practice or industry of hunting and killing whales for their oil, meat, or whalebone." Japanese
whaling dates back to the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It makes them very vulnerable to population collapses. Blue whales – the biggest animal to have ever existed – have still not recovered from being
hunted to the brink of extinction. Only one population, the East Pacific grey whale, is thought to have recovered to its pre–hunting levels, but the
closely related West Pacific grey whale population is the most endangered in the world. It hovers on the edge of extinction with just over one hundred
remaining (Greenpeace). Whales become sexually mature around 8–10 years old, but can only give birth to one calf every three to four years. The
gestation period differs from each animal, but the humpback takes only 11 months to develop while the sperm may take up to 15. Once born, calves
must immediately get air to survive, because whales are mammals. Mothers typically nurse their young for six months, before weaning them on to solid

Southern Ocean Research Paper

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