2. Peoples & Empires Greeks were great travelers and colonizers. Ancient geographers believed the globe had a single land mass divided into 3 continents. Magellan circumnavigated the globe in 1519 Vasco da Gama’s voyage around the Cape of Good Hope in 1497 was seen as the beginning of the modern world.
3. Peoples & Empires Christianity accompanied European empires until the middle of the 20th century. The Portuguese established factories in Africa, India and Asia. Henry the Navigator sponsored the first voyage to Africa to get slaves in 1444. Slavery lasted until 1890.
4. Peoples & Empires The French sought out Paradise and landed in Tahiti The British showcased their empire with the Great Exhibition of 1851. Romans claimed to rule the universe Rulers of India claimed to rule the vast world under a single umbrella A Chinese emperor claimed to be the supreme lord of all mankind. The Spanish and Portuguese had no idea what their claims to the ocean might contain.
5. Guns, Germs & Steel Stone Age people of the Middle East became the first farmers in the World. Goats and Sheep were the first animals to be domesticated. Farming and ranching caused an explosion of civilization
6. Guns, Germs & Steel Francisco Pizarro conquered the Inca Empire on horseback with a Toledo Sword. Gunpowder originated in China but was pioneered by the Arabs for shooting. The Maxim gun, the first fully automatic weapon, was used in 1893.
7. Guns, Germs & Steel People developed natural immunity to disease from interacting with farm animals. Smallpox was the first deadly disease brought to the American mainland. Measles originates in cattle
8. Origins of New World Slavery Slaves were recruited from foreign people and usually spoke a different language. Slave labor transformed agricultural production. Slavery is older than the first written records. Origin of the word Slave comes from the Latin Sclavusand carried no ethnic connotation. Other translations: English-Slav, French- esclave, Spanish- esclavo, German- sklave
9. Origins of New World Slavery IbnKhaldun said that Negros had little that is human and are similar to dumb animals. This could very well have been the beginning of racism Arab Writer Maqdisi called black slaves Zanj—people of black color, flat noses, kinky hair and little intelligence. Sugar used to be a rare luxury until slaves were used to cultivate sugar cane around the world.
