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Exploration
What do you remember about the Explorers and the Silk
Road?
What do you remember about Columbus?
Unit 7

Exploration
    and
Colonization
Unit 7 Exploration and Colonization
    You should be able to identify the significance of each of
                         the following:
•   goods and services            •James Oglethorpe
•   free trade                    •Tomochichi
•   colonial period               •Mary Musgrove
•   Charter of 1732               •Salzburgers
•                                 •Highland Scots
    reasons for settlement
                                  •malcontents
•   (charity, economics, and
                                  •Savannah
     defense)
•   trustee
•   malcontents                          Copy these to
•   Spanish threat from Florida          your notebook!
•   Royal governor
Exploration and Colonization
• This unit will focus on the geographical, political, social,
  and economic factors that contributed to Georgia’s
  colonization. Students will understand that
  production, distribution, and
  consumption of goods and services were an
  essential part of the economic motivation behind
  European movement and migration that led to
  colonial development. Students will learn that through
  conflict and change various groups and
  individuals affected the Native American culture
  while at the same time building a new culture of their
  own. They will also describe how location and economic
  ideas are interrelated..
SS8H1 The student will evaluate
the development of Native
American cultures and the impact
of European exploration and
settlement on the Native American
                          nge
cultures in Georgia. Ch a
               t and
           C   o nflic   Can you make a question of this?


c. Explain reasons for European exploration
  and settlement of North America, with
  emphasis on the interests of the French,
  Spanish, and British in the southeastern
  area.
History Highlights Map Lesson
Refer to Lessons Folder for
Teacher’s Guide
England
                              France

         New World            Spain




•Why did the English, Spanish and French
want to explore, colonize and “claim” the land in the New World?
Unit 7 exploration and colonization ppt (3)
Why did they
  come?
Spain’s settlement of St. Augustine
was an effort to protect its treasures
on their return trip to Spain




                                  To
                                  Spain



                 Pirates

St. Augustine




                Sailors depended upon
                Ocean and wind currents
                For their travels
Formative Assessment

Reasons             Spain             France              England
   for
Exploration

   and
Colonization




   Copy this chart onto your paper, then using your textbook, find at least
   one reason that each of the 3 countries wanted to explore and settle the
    new world
•Spanish explorers wanted
 to bring the Catholic
 religion to the natives in
 America.
•They also wanted to find
 gold and other riches.
•They also wanted fame/power
 that would come to them when they added new
 land to the Spanish empire.
France
• Like Spain, France also wanted to
  spread Christianity and find great wealth
  from the colonies. (Religion)


         • France also wanted
         international
           prestige/power that came with
           discovering new territory.
                Video First French Colonists 3 mins (in folder)
Video: Reasons for colonization 3 mins (in folder)


                                  England
    • England sought to use this new land to
      establish a mercantile system. (Economics)

     • England also did not want to be left
        behind
       in the search for new land and power.
       (Defense)

     •England’s cities had become too crowded
      with people, and the new land would be a
      place where many of England’s homeless
      could go for a fresh start. (Charity)
Assessment
Which explorer is most associated with the
exploration of Georgia?

A. Ponce de León
B. Amerigo Vespucci
C. Hernando de Soto
D. Christopher Columbus
Why did European nations explore the
Americas?

   A. They wanted to find farmland.
  B. They wanted to establish naval
             dominance.
 C. They wanted to search for riches.
 D. They wanted to meet new people.
What was the purpose of the Spanish
  mission system?

A.   To spread Spanish colonialism
B.   To trade European goods
C.   To access the American coastline
D.   To spread Catholicism.
• SS8H1 The student will evaluate the
 development of Native American cultures
 and the impact of European exploration and
 settlement on the Native American cultures
 in Georgia.
             Conflict and
                Change
b. Evaluate the impact of European
   contact on Native American
   cultures; include Spanish missions
  along the barrier islands, and the
  explorations of Hernando DeSoto.
                 Try to make a question of this element!
Unit 7 exploration and colonization ppt (3)
Formative Assessment




 They be all of goodly stature, mighty, faire
 and as well shapen…as
 any people in all the worlde,

 very gentill, curtious and of good nature… the men
 be of tawny color, hawke nosed and of a pleasant
 countenance…the women be well favored and
 modest…”
This was written by one of the Spanish Explorers about the Native Americans.
Pretend you were one of these Natives, what would you have to say about the
Spaniards? Write a short description of the Spaniards’ appearance and your
Impression.
• Conflict and Change: The student will
  understand that when there is conflict
  between or within societies, change is
  the result.

 How did early European contact affect the
 culture of the Mississippian Indians? (H1b)
Video: Impact of Spanish Explorers on Native Americans 1.5 mins (in folder)
Impact of Explorers on Native
          American Culture
• Europeans brought diseases such as measles, chicken
  pox, small pox, influenza, and whooping cough which
  resulted in the death of 1/3 of the Native American
  population. What affect might this have had on their
  civilization? Think: division of labor/specialization.

• They also brought slavery, death, religion, and guns.

• Not all contributions were negative. Europeans also
  brought tools, weapons and horses!
Native                                             Both cultures
Americans                                          impacted one
contributed to
                                     and           another.
                                  on
the                                                Some Native
Europeans
                            bu ti                  Americans
by trading
                         tri on
                       is t i                      began to
with the
                     D p                           dress in
Europeans
                  ion sum
                ct n
                                                   European
              du Co
and showing                                        fashions and
them how to
         P ro
survive in the
                                                   speak
                                                   English.
new world
and              Without the Native American’s
introducing      help, European colonization in the
                 New World would never have
new foods        survived.
such as          Can you think of one event in
corn and         particular that we celebrate during
squash.          November?
• Why did early Georgia colonists work to maintain
  good relations with Native Americans?

   A. The colonists believed they might need
  Native Americans to help defend themselves
  against Spain.
  B. The colonists wanted Native Americans to
  join them in a rebellion against Great Britain.
  C. The colonists needed to convince Native
  Americans to give up their land without a treaty.
  D. The colonists wanted to make up for past
  hostilities between themselves and Native
  Americans
Video: DeSoto’s visit to the South East 2 mins
Hernando De Soto
• One of the best known Spanish
  explorers.

• Was very cruel to the natives he found.

• Known for staying the longest, traveling
  the farthest, and killing the most Native
  Americans living in Georgia. (1540)
Unit 7 exploration and colonization ppt (3)
De Soto stole the Native
     Americans’ food stores,
  captured women, kidnapped
 their chiefs, killed and maimed
   the natives. Europeans also
brought diseases (measles and
small pox) which Indians had no
          immunity to….
These bones are from Native Americans who encountered DeSoto and his men




Archeological discoveries clearly show
evidence of European Swords
More than 1/2 of De Soto’s
expedition including De Soto
himself died during the 4 year
expedition.

1/3 of the total Native Americans
died as well. The Mississippian
Culture/ mound builders
disappeared.
During the 2 centuries following the
discovery of the new world, over
        Conflict and
90% of the Native population
vanished…. Students, stand up and count
              Change
off, 1-10, everyone but the 10’s sit down. This
represents the proportion of Native population
that was lost!
The Great Mississippian mound
builders gave way to the Creek and
Cherokee nations.
Early Spanish Missions
• The purpose of the missions was to convert
  Native Americans to Catholicism.
• Native Americans used the missions to help
  integrate themselves into the European world
   Learned European methods of alsfarming etc…
• Spanish missions settled along Georgia’s barrier
  islands because these islands were easier to
  access than the mainland was.
• The first Spanish mission was St. Augustine.
  – The first Spanish Mission on Georgia soil was Guale.
             How do you think this helped Spain to control
              the Native Americans?
St. Augustine, Florida:
Oldest City in North America
tes of Early Spanish Missions


                                                    tion
                                Now
                                          ig      ra
                                        M
                           tand
                     e    n
         ve        m
      M o


                                What ideas were brought by the missionaries?
                                   If at all, did this affect the Native American
Summative: Assessment


• If we knew then… What we know now.
You are a member of one of four groups as assigned by your teacher.
• Spanish
• English
• French
• Native Americans
Based upon what we have learned to date, resources provided by
  teachers and any additional research as necessary, discuss and
  debate reasons for and arguments against exploration and
  colonization of the new world. You will choose a representative from
  each group to present your argument to the U.N. Council (Teacher
  and class)
The class (UN Council) will vote on one of the 4 groups based on each
  of the arguments and support their choice with a paragraph.
Does not meet           Meets                Exceeds

Social          Fails to identify       Identifies           Identifies
( including     appropriate social      appropriate social   appropriate social
religious)      reasons for             reasons for          reasons and
                exploration,            exploration,         compares them to
                colonization            colonization         current situations
Political       Fails to identify       Identifies           Identifies
                appropriate political   appropriate          appropriate
                reasons for             political reasons    political reasons
                exploration,            for exploration,     and compares
                colonization            colonization         them to current
                                                             situations

Economic        Fails to identify       Identifies           Identifies
(includes       appropriate             appropriate          appropriate
natural         economic (includes,     economic             economic reasons
resources and   natural resources       (includes, natural   and compares
mercantilism    and mercantilism)       resources and        them to current
                reasons for             mercantilism)        situations
                exploration,            reasons for
                colonization            exploration,
                                        colonization
Resources


            Teacher handout




                              Forest Products,


 Gold                                  Furs, Animal
                                       Skins

                              Indigo,
                              Rice, Silk,
                              Wine
SS8H2 The student will analyze
the colonial period of Georgia's
history.
                               ps
a.                           ou James
                            r s
     Explain the importance of
                        , G ion 1732, reasons for
                      ls t
     Oglethorpe, the Charter of
     settlement, idu a tu
                       s ti
               iv economics, and defense),
             d d In
           In n
       (charity,
                a
     Tomochichi, Mary Musgrove, and the city of
     Savannah.
History Highlights Map Lesson
Refer to Lessons Folder for
Teacher’s Guide
Founding of the Georgia Colony 7mins (in folder)
The Founding of Georgia
    James Edward Oglethorpe: Wealthy,
         politician, humanitarian, Parliament,
                   prison reform.

I. Georgia Is Created: Oglethorpe, Trustees ,
King George II , Charter 1732 ( boundaries.
rights, powers)

*Charity          * Economics   * Defense

video: cvig 1988 975.8
Reasons for the Settlement
        of Georgia
  Match each item on the right with it’s appropriate category
                           Home for the Homeless
• Charity
• Economics                                  Fort Frederica

• Defense
                                           Mercantilism
According to the original Charter of King George II, Georgia extended to the west coast
      even though no explorers had been there yet. As years and wars passed,
   Georgia’s western boundary moved first to the Mississippi River and then to the
                                      Chatahoochee.
Colonization
Georgia as a Trustee Colony:

21 Trustees in charge for 20 years
         * They could not own land, hold
            office, get paid.
         * Looked for industrious
            skilled workers who were
           down on their luck
First colonists:
Sail to Georgia, Nov. 17, 1732
Ship Anne- 114-125 people sailed
Landed at Yamacraw Bluff on Feb. 12, 1733
Mary and John Musgrove became interpretors,
Tomochichi: Chief of the Yamacraw Indians who
befriended Ogelthorpe
Photo of the spot along the river called “Yamacraw Bluff ”




           Have you stood here?
Fort Frederica 1735
Ruins of foundation of original dwellings at Fort Frederic
             James Oglethorpe Lived HERE1

                  How Tabby is made
Unit 7 exploration and colonization ppt (3)
Which statement best explains why England
 established the Georgia colony?
 A. England wanted a port available for
 ships sailing to China and the East Indies.
 B. England wanted to create a trading
 partnership with the Native Americans.
 C. England wanted to provide a safe
 haven for Catholics who were being
 persecuted.
 D. England wanted a buffer state to
 prevent Spanish and Native American
 invasions of South Carolina.
Ruins of Soldiers’ Barracks at Fort Frederica
Remember, exploration began as an effort to find a new trade route to
   the far east to get precious spices, silk and gems. Since Georgia was
   at a similar latitude, It was believed that Georgia would be able to
   produce some of these raw materials (mulberry trees to sustain
   silkworms and produce silk.




                                             ut ion
                                         ri b o n
                                      ist pti
                                    D m
                                  on s u
                               cti on
                             du C
                           ro n d
                          P a

Mercantilism:
The colonies would produce raw materials which would be sent back to England
for manufacturing. The manufactured goods would then be sold around the globe
( including back to the colonies!) Discuss: What are the advantages of this system?
Why was it important for a small country like England?
Video: mercantilism 4 mins- in folder
Georgia as a Trustee Colony
• The Trustee period in Georgia began when King
  George II gave permission to establish the
  colony in 1732.
• Georgia was governed by trustees for its first
  twenty years.
• The trustees hoped the settlers would produce
  wine and silk to send back to England.
• New settlers had to plant mulberry trees for
  the raising of silkworms.
Not everyone was
                                 welcome in Georgia
    Liquor
    Rum


             Blacks



Can you guess why?
Refer to page 116 in your text
(Georgia and the American
Experience)                        Lawyers
                                              Papist

                                         Catholics
Strict Rules for the Colonists

• No slaves were allowed in the
  colony.
• No rum or other liquor was
  allowed.
• Land was limited to 50 acres
  per family.
Mary Musgrove
• Married to a South Carolina trader.
• Was a vital link between the English
  settlers and the Creek people.
• Was an interpreter between
  Oglethorpe and the Creeks.
Tomochichi
• Chief of the
  Yamacraw Indians.
• Gave Oglethorpe
  permission to settle at
  Yamacraw Bluff.
• Traveled to England
  with Oglethorpe.
Savannah
• Georgia’s first city.
• Savannah was to
  have four large
  squares, and each
  square was to
  have its own
  system of smaller
  squares and
  rectangles.
• Summative Assessment SS8H2 in folder
  labeled assessments.
SS8H2 The student will analyze the
colonial period of Georgia’s history.


b. Evaluate the Trustee Period of Georgia’s
  colonial history, emphasizing the role of
  the Salzburgers, Highland Scots,
  malcontents, and the Spanish threat from
  Florida.
Georgia’s First Settlement:
Savannah, blocks, death. New Settlers:
Jews, Lutheran Saltzburgers video 8 mins,
Germans, Swiss               ps
                               ou
                              r s
                         , G ion
                       ls t
                  id ua tland ownership
Growing Pains (Malcontents)
complaints about ruless    itu
                                  video 6 mins


               i v In
restrictions, d
           Inslavery ban, prohibition.
                 and
Building Forts: Darien, Scotts
Highlanders video 10 mins , Saint Simons Island
The Salzburgers
• German-speaking settlers who
  settled Ebenezer and were
  known especially for their
  success in producing silk.
• They came to Georgia
  seeking religious freedom.
• They called their home
  Ebenezer.
• They worked hard and
  Ebenezer became the most
  successful Georgia community.
• They did not approve of
  slavery.
Highland Scots/Scottish
                  Highlanders
• A group of people
  known for their
  fighting abilities
  who were brought
  to Georgia to build
  Georgia’s first fort
  at Darien.
• They came to the
  colony to re-
  establish the fallen
  Fort King George.
The Spanish Threat from Florida
• Georgian soldiers made an unsuccessful attack
  on the Spanish mission of St. Augustine, Florida,
  in 1740. Two years later, the Spanish attacked
  Fort Frederica. The tension between British
  Georgia and Spanish Florida came to a head in
  the Battle of Bloody Marsh. Oglethorpe waged
  one more attack against Spanish Florida. The
  attack was unsuccessful.

                            Optional Reading:
  Crutchfield, James A. It Happened in Georgia: Battle of Bloody Marsh
                Guilford Ct: Morris Book Publishing, 2007
When the Georgia colony was
established, which religious group was not
allowed to settle in it?
A. Jews
B. Puritans
C. Catholics
D. Protestants
Trustee Colony

Time Period

Leaders

Governance

Boundaries

Land Ownership
Distribution
Slavery

Religion

The Colonists
(Groups, Origins Etc…
                                         Graphic Organizer
SS8H2 The student will analyze the
colonial period of Georgia’s history.
                             n d
                               a
                            ps
                         ou
 c. Explain the development of
                        r s
                    , G iocolony with
  Georgia as als ut n
                 a royal
              du sownership,
             i land tit
  regard div In
          to
       In government, and the
  slavery,
  impact of the royal governors.
Georgia as a Royal Colony
• 1752-1776
• This meant that Georgia was controlled by
  the British government.
• Government
  – Executive Branch included a royal governor
    and his council.
  – Legislative Branch – two-house (bicameral)
  – Judicial Branch – made up of a high court, a
    general court, and a justice of the peace.
Slavery
There was no longer a rule against slavery.
Half of the people living in Georgia were
 enslaved people from Africa.
Land Ownership
• Settlers who came to
  the colony by way of the
  Trust’s charity, were
  limited to fifty-acre land
  grants.
• Those who paid could
  have up to 500 acres of
  land and were required
  to have at least one
  servant or family
  member for every fifty
  acres of their grant.
John Reynolds
• First royal governor of Georgia.
• Introduced the idea of self-government
  and set up a court system.
• Proved ineffective and was recalled at the
  end of 1756.
Henry Ellis
• Second royal governor of Georgia.
• Established a sound foundation for
  government.
• Asked to go back to England after three
  years.
James Wright
• Last royal governor
  of Georgia.
• A popular governor
• Georgia enjoyed a
  period of remarkable
  growth during his
  tenure.
Trustee Colony   Royal Colony

Time Period

Leaders

Governance

Boundaries

Land Ownership
Distribution
Slavery

Religion

The Colonists
(Groups, Origins Etc…
SS8G1 The student will describe
 Georgia with regard to physical
 features and location.
   d. Evaluate the impact of climate on

                             tion
                          ca
         Georgia’s development.
                      Lo
Based on what we have learned so far, how do YOU think climate might have
                   impacted Georgia’s development?
Georgia’s Climate
• Warm Temperate Subtropical
• Hot and humid weather, frequent rainfall,
  and poor soil.
• Georgia’s climate impacted Georgia’s
  development because settlers could
  produce enough food to feed their families.
• However, life was very hard for the Georgia
  colonists. The climate and soil were not
  right for growing the crops that they thought
  they could. The heat and humidity resulted
  in death from disease.
SS8E1 The student will give
   examples of the kinds of goods and
   services produced in Georgia in
   different historical periods.
 Silk Worms     Pine
                         Mulberry Trees




Deer Skins



                                          Indigo
                       Rice
SS8E1 Summative Assessment

  Task: You have been hired by James Ogelthorpe to
 research all of the resources and crops that Georgia
 produces. You are to write a report to King George in order
 to obtain additional funding for the colony.


                   Discuss Process and Due Dates

            Does not         Meets               Exceeds
            meet
Gives       Examples are     Gives examples of   Gives examples of at
examples of inappropriate.   at least 7          least 7 appropriate
crops and                    appropriate         resources and
resources                    resources           explains how they
appropriate
to the
                                                 support the economy
colonial
period

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Unit 7 exploration and colonization ppt (3)

  • 1. Exploration What do you remember about the Explorers and the Silk Road? What do you remember about Columbus?
  • 2. Unit 7 Exploration and Colonization
  • 3. Unit 7 Exploration and Colonization You should be able to identify the significance of each of the following: • goods and services •James Oglethorpe • free trade •Tomochichi • colonial period •Mary Musgrove • Charter of 1732 •Salzburgers • •Highland Scots reasons for settlement •malcontents • (charity, economics, and •Savannah defense) • trustee • malcontents Copy these to • Spanish threat from Florida your notebook! • Royal governor
  • 4. Exploration and Colonization • This unit will focus on the geographical, political, social, and economic factors that contributed to Georgia’s colonization. Students will understand that production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services were an essential part of the economic motivation behind European movement and migration that led to colonial development. Students will learn that through conflict and change various groups and individuals affected the Native American culture while at the same time building a new culture of their own. They will also describe how location and economic ideas are interrelated..
  • 5. SS8H1 The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American nge cultures in Georgia. Ch a t and C o nflic Can you make a question of this? c. Explain reasons for European exploration and settlement of North America, with emphasis on the interests of the French, Spanish, and British in the southeastern area.
  • 6. History Highlights Map Lesson Refer to Lessons Folder for Teacher’s Guide
  • 7. England France New World Spain •Why did the English, Spanish and French want to explore, colonize and “claim” the land in the New World?
  • 9. Why did they come?
  • 10. Spain’s settlement of St. Augustine was an effort to protect its treasures on their return trip to Spain To Spain Pirates St. Augustine Sailors depended upon Ocean and wind currents For their travels
  • 11. Formative Assessment Reasons Spain France England for Exploration and Colonization Copy this chart onto your paper, then using your textbook, find at least one reason that each of the 3 countries wanted to explore and settle the new world
  • 12. •Spanish explorers wanted to bring the Catholic religion to the natives in America. •They also wanted to find gold and other riches. •They also wanted fame/power that would come to them when they added new land to the Spanish empire.
  • 13. France • Like Spain, France also wanted to spread Christianity and find great wealth from the colonies. (Religion) • France also wanted international prestige/power that came with discovering new territory. Video First French Colonists 3 mins (in folder)
  • 14. Video: Reasons for colonization 3 mins (in folder) England • England sought to use this new land to establish a mercantile system. (Economics) • England also did not want to be left behind in the search for new land and power. (Defense) •England’s cities had become too crowded with people, and the new land would be a place where many of England’s homeless could go for a fresh start. (Charity)
  • 15. Assessment Which explorer is most associated with the exploration of Georgia? A. Ponce de León B. Amerigo Vespucci C. Hernando de Soto D. Christopher Columbus
  • 16. Why did European nations explore the Americas? A. They wanted to find farmland. B. They wanted to establish naval dominance. C. They wanted to search for riches. D. They wanted to meet new people.
  • 17. What was the purpose of the Spanish mission system? A. To spread Spanish colonialism B. To trade European goods C. To access the American coastline D. To spread Catholicism.
  • 18. • SS8H1 The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia. Conflict and Change b. Evaluate the impact of European contact on Native American cultures; include Spanish missions along the barrier islands, and the explorations of Hernando DeSoto. Try to make a question of this element!
  • 20. Formative Assessment They be all of goodly stature, mighty, faire and as well shapen…as any people in all the worlde, very gentill, curtious and of good nature… the men be of tawny color, hawke nosed and of a pleasant countenance…the women be well favored and modest…” This was written by one of the Spanish Explorers about the Native Americans. Pretend you were one of these Natives, what would you have to say about the Spaniards? Write a short description of the Spaniards’ appearance and your Impression.
  • 21. • Conflict and Change: The student will understand that when there is conflict between or within societies, change is the result. How did early European contact affect the culture of the Mississippian Indians? (H1b)
  • 22. Video: Impact of Spanish Explorers on Native Americans 1.5 mins (in folder)
  • 23. Impact of Explorers on Native American Culture • Europeans brought diseases such as measles, chicken pox, small pox, influenza, and whooping cough which resulted in the death of 1/3 of the Native American population. What affect might this have had on their civilization? Think: division of labor/specialization. • They also brought slavery, death, religion, and guns. • Not all contributions were negative. Europeans also brought tools, weapons and horses!
  • 24. Native Both cultures Americans impacted one contributed to and another. on the Some Native Europeans bu ti Americans by trading tri on is t i began to with the D p dress in Europeans ion sum ct n European du Co and showing fashions and them how to P ro survive in the speak English. new world and Without the Native American’s introducing help, European colonization in the New World would never have new foods survived. such as Can you think of one event in corn and particular that we celebrate during squash. November?
  • 25. • Why did early Georgia colonists work to maintain good relations with Native Americans? A. The colonists believed they might need Native Americans to help defend themselves against Spain. B. The colonists wanted Native Americans to join them in a rebellion against Great Britain. C. The colonists needed to convince Native Americans to give up their land without a treaty. D. The colonists wanted to make up for past hostilities between themselves and Native Americans
  • 26. Video: DeSoto’s visit to the South East 2 mins
  • 27. Hernando De Soto • One of the best known Spanish explorers. • Was very cruel to the natives he found. • Known for staying the longest, traveling the farthest, and killing the most Native Americans living in Georgia. (1540)
  • 29. De Soto stole the Native Americans’ food stores, captured women, kidnapped their chiefs, killed and maimed the natives. Europeans also brought diseases (measles and small pox) which Indians had no immunity to….
  • 30. These bones are from Native Americans who encountered DeSoto and his men Archeological discoveries clearly show evidence of European Swords
  • 31. More than 1/2 of De Soto’s expedition including De Soto himself died during the 4 year expedition. 1/3 of the total Native Americans died as well. The Mississippian Culture/ mound builders disappeared.
  • 32. During the 2 centuries following the discovery of the new world, over Conflict and 90% of the Native population vanished…. Students, stand up and count Change off, 1-10, everyone but the 10’s sit down. This represents the proportion of Native population that was lost! The Great Mississippian mound builders gave way to the Creek and Cherokee nations.
  • 33. Early Spanish Missions • The purpose of the missions was to convert Native Americans to Catholicism. • Native Americans used the missions to help integrate themselves into the European world Learned European methods of alsfarming etc… • Spanish missions settled along Georgia’s barrier islands because these islands were easier to access than the mainland was. • The first Spanish mission was St. Augustine. – The first Spanish Mission on Georgia soil was Guale. How do you think this helped Spain to control the Native Americans?
  • 34. St. Augustine, Florida: Oldest City in North America
  • 35. tes of Early Spanish Missions tion Now ig ra M tand e n ve m M o What ideas were brought by the missionaries? If at all, did this affect the Native American
  • 36. Summative: Assessment • If we knew then… What we know now. You are a member of one of four groups as assigned by your teacher. • Spanish • English • French • Native Americans Based upon what we have learned to date, resources provided by teachers and any additional research as necessary, discuss and debate reasons for and arguments against exploration and colonization of the new world. You will choose a representative from each group to present your argument to the U.N. Council (Teacher and class) The class (UN Council) will vote on one of the 4 groups based on each of the arguments and support their choice with a paragraph.
  • 37. Does not meet Meets Exceeds Social Fails to identify Identifies Identifies ( including appropriate social appropriate social appropriate social religious) reasons for reasons for reasons and exploration, exploration, compares them to colonization colonization current situations Political Fails to identify Identifies Identifies appropriate political appropriate appropriate reasons for political reasons political reasons exploration, for exploration, and compares colonization colonization them to current situations Economic Fails to identify Identifies Identifies (includes appropriate appropriate appropriate natural economic (includes, economic economic reasons resources and natural resources (includes, natural and compares mercantilism and mercantilism) resources and them to current reasons for mercantilism) situations exploration, reasons for colonization exploration, colonization
  • 38. Resources Teacher handout Forest Products, Gold Furs, Animal Skins Indigo, Rice, Silk, Wine
  • 39. SS8H2 The student will analyze the colonial period of Georgia's history. ps a. ou James r s Explain the importance of , G ion 1732, reasons for ls t Oglethorpe, the Charter of settlement, idu a tu s ti iv economics, and defense), d d In In n (charity, a Tomochichi, Mary Musgrove, and the city of Savannah.
  • 40. History Highlights Map Lesson Refer to Lessons Folder for Teacher’s Guide
  • 41. Founding of the Georgia Colony 7mins (in folder)
  • 42. The Founding of Georgia James Edward Oglethorpe: Wealthy, politician, humanitarian, Parliament, prison reform. I. Georgia Is Created: Oglethorpe, Trustees , King George II , Charter 1732 ( boundaries. rights, powers) *Charity * Economics * Defense video: cvig 1988 975.8
  • 43. Reasons for the Settlement of Georgia Match each item on the right with it’s appropriate category Home for the Homeless • Charity • Economics Fort Frederica • Defense Mercantilism
  • 44. According to the original Charter of King George II, Georgia extended to the west coast even though no explorers had been there yet. As years and wars passed, Georgia’s western boundary moved first to the Mississippi River and then to the Chatahoochee.
  • 46. Georgia as a Trustee Colony: 21 Trustees in charge for 20 years * They could not own land, hold office, get paid. * Looked for industrious skilled workers who were down on their luck First colonists: Sail to Georgia, Nov. 17, 1732 Ship Anne- 114-125 people sailed Landed at Yamacraw Bluff on Feb. 12, 1733 Mary and John Musgrove became interpretors, Tomochichi: Chief of the Yamacraw Indians who befriended Ogelthorpe
  • 47. Photo of the spot along the river called “Yamacraw Bluff ” Have you stood here?
  • 49. Ruins of foundation of original dwellings at Fort Frederic James Oglethorpe Lived HERE1 How Tabby is made
  • 51. Which statement best explains why England established the Georgia colony? A. England wanted a port available for ships sailing to China and the East Indies. B. England wanted to create a trading partnership with the Native Americans. C. England wanted to provide a safe haven for Catholics who were being persecuted. D. England wanted a buffer state to prevent Spanish and Native American invasions of South Carolina.
  • 52. Ruins of Soldiers’ Barracks at Fort Frederica
  • 53. Remember, exploration began as an effort to find a new trade route to the far east to get precious spices, silk and gems. Since Georgia was at a similar latitude, It was believed that Georgia would be able to produce some of these raw materials (mulberry trees to sustain silkworms and produce silk. ut ion ri b o n ist pti D m on s u cti on du C ro n d P a Mercantilism: The colonies would produce raw materials which would be sent back to England for manufacturing. The manufactured goods would then be sold around the globe ( including back to the colonies!) Discuss: What are the advantages of this system? Why was it important for a small country like England?
  • 54. Video: mercantilism 4 mins- in folder
  • 55. Georgia as a Trustee Colony • The Trustee period in Georgia began when King George II gave permission to establish the colony in 1732. • Georgia was governed by trustees for its first twenty years. • The trustees hoped the settlers would produce wine and silk to send back to England. • New settlers had to plant mulberry trees for the raising of silkworms.
  • 56. Not everyone was welcome in Georgia Liquor Rum Blacks Can you guess why? Refer to page 116 in your text (Georgia and the American Experience) Lawyers Papist Catholics
  • 57. Strict Rules for the Colonists • No slaves were allowed in the colony. • No rum or other liquor was allowed. • Land was limited to 50 acres per family.
  • 58. Mary Musgrove • Married to a South Carolina trader. • Was a vital link between the English settlers and the Creek people. • Was an interpreter between Oglethorpe and the Creeks.
  • 59. Tomochichi • Chief of the Yamacraw Indians. • Gave Oglethorpe permission to settle at Yamacraw Bluff. • Traveled to England with Oglethorpe.
  • 60. Savannah • Georgia’s first city. • Savannah was to have four large squares, and each square was to have its own system of smaller squares and rectangles.
  • 61. • Summative Assessment SS8H2 in folder labeled assessments.
  • 62. SS8H2 The student will analyze the colonial period of Georgia’s history. b. Evaluate the Trustee Period of Georgia’s colonial history, emphasizing the role of the Salzburgers, Highland Scots, malcontents, and the Spanish threat from Florida.
  • 63. Georgia’s First Settlement: Savannah, blocks, death. New Settlers: Jews, Lutheran Saltzburgers video 8 mins, Germans, Swiss ps ou r s , G ion ls t id ua tland ownership Growing Pains (Malcontents) complaints about ruless itu video 6 mins i v In restrictions, d Inslavery ban, prohibition. and Building Forts: Darien, Scotts Highlanders video 10 mins , Saint Simons Island
  • 64. The Salzburgers • German-speaking settlers who settled Ebenezer and were known especially for their success in producing silk. • They came to Georgia seeking religious freedom. • They called their home Ebenezer. • They worked hard and Ebenezer became the most successful Georgia community. • They did not approve of slavery.
  • 65. Highland Scots/Scottish Highlanders • A group of people known for their fighting abilities who were brought to Georgia to build Georgia’s first fort at Darien. • They came to the colony to re- establish the fallen Fort King George.
  • 66. The Spanish Threat from Florida • Georgian soldiers made an unsuccessful attack on the Spanish mission of St. Augustine, Florida, in 1740. Two years later, the Spanish attacked Fort Frederica. The tension between British Georgia and Spanish Florida came to a head in the Battle of Bloody Marsh. Oglethorpe waged one more attack against Spanish Florida. The attack was unsuccessful. Optional Reading: Crutchfield, James A. It Happened in Georgia: Battle of Bloody Marsh Guilford Ct: Morris Book Publishing, 2007
  • 67. When the Georgia colony was established, which religious group was not allowed to settle in it? A. Jews B. Puritans C. Catholics D. Protestants
  • 68. Trustee Colony Time Period Leaders Governance Boundaries Land Ownership Distribution Slavery Religion The Colonists (Groups, Origins Etc… Graphic Organizer
  • 69. SS8H2 The student will analyze the colonial period of Georgia’s history. n d a ps ou c. Explain the development of r s , G iocolony with Georgia as als ut n a royal du sownership, i land tit regard div In to In government, and the slavery, impact of the royal governors.
  • 70. Georgia as a Royal Colony • 1752-1776 • This meant that Georgia was controlled by the British government. • Government – Executive Branch included a royal governor and his council. – Legislative Branch – two-house (bicameral) – Judicial Branch – made up of a high court, a general court, and a justice of the peace.
  • 71. Slavery There was no longer a rule against slavery. Half of the people living in Georgia were enslaved people from Africa.
  • 72. Land Ownership • Settlers who came to the colony by way of the Trust’s charity, were limited to fifty-acre land grants. • Those who paid could have up to 500 acres of land and were required to have at least one servant or family member for every fifty acres of their grant.
  • 73. John Reynolds • First royal governor of Georgia. • Introduced the idea of self-government and set up a court system. • Proved ineffective and was recalled at the end of 1756.
  • 74. Henry Ellis • Second royal governor of Georgia. • Established a sound foundation for government. • Asked to go back to England after three years.
  • 75. James Wright • Last royal governor of Georgia. • A popular governor • Georgia enjoyed a period of remarkable growth during his tenure.
  • 76. Trustee Colony Royal Colony Time Period Leaders Governance Boundaries Land Ownership Distribution Slavery Religion The Colonists (Groups, Origins Etc…
  • 77. SS8G1 The student will describe Georgia with regard to physical features and location. d. Evaluate the impact of climate on tion ca Georgia’s development. Lo Based on what we have learned so far, how do YOU think climate might have impacted Georgia’s development?
  • 78. Georgia’s Climate • Warm Temperate Subtropical • Hot and humid weather, frequent rainfall, and poor soil. • Georgia’s climate impacted Georgia’s development because settlers could produce enough food to feed their families. • However, life was very hard for the Georgia colonists. The climate and soil were not right for growing the crops that they thought they could. The heat and humidity resulted in death from disease.
  • 79. SS8E1 The student will give examples of the kinds of goods and services produced in Georgia in different historical periods. Silk Worms Pine Mulberry Trees Deer Skins Indigo Rice
  • 80. SS8E1 Summative Assessment Task: You have been hired by James Ogelthorpe to research all of the resources and crops that Georgia produces. You are to write a report to King George in order to obtain additional funding for the colony. Discuss Process and Due Dates Does not Meets Exceeds meet Gives Examples are Gives examples of Gives examples of at examples of inappropriate. at least 7 least 7 appropriate crops and appropriate resources and resources resources explains how they appropriate to the support the economy colonial period