Presentation outlining two main paths to reducing energy and GHG associated with transportation - Reduced energy per trip (no travel, shorter travel, more efficient travel) and Electrification

1. Transitioning to ‘Net Zero
Energy’
30 January 2019

2. 2
What are our goals?
• “Net Zero” Energy
• Reduced GHG
• Decarbonization
• Reduced Vehicle Miles Traveled &
Congestion
• Community & Social Capital
• Safety
• Accessibility

3. 3
Location Decisions
Decisions on where we work and live are functions of the mobility options.
We wouldn’t live somewhere if we had no way to travel.
we constantly make tradeoff’s
– time, cost, effort, energy, etc.
We also make decision about future travel options based on current
assumptions.
- Assume the road will exist
- Assume the bus line will remain
- Gas prices accessible
Assumptions haven’t changed much since 1930’s…. But are about to
change rapidly

4. 4

5. 9

6. 11
Credit: andykazie (depositphotos.com)

7. 12

8. 13
Traveling by less carbon
intensive modes

9. 14
Increasing the capacity of our system
Source: NACTO

10. 15
Travel Modes - Burlington
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Veh Walk Bike Bus
NHTS rMove Residents of BTV
(Journey to work)
Workers in BTV
(Journey to work)
BTV land uses
generate over
260,000 trips per
day!
Journey to work more share is average
excluding Telecommute
Note: Total trips estimated based on the number
of vehicle trips from regional travel model

11. 16
HOV
-18k 5k 5k 1.5k 2.5k4k
2.5mi 0.7mi5mi15mi7mi
Mode Shifts
Person
trips
Avg.
Trip Dist
-7% 2% 2% .5% 1%1.5%
Mode
share
change

12. 17
Our Travel Shed is large
% of people who
work in Burlington
but live elsewhere?
73%
Source: OnTheMap

13. 18
Distribution of Commuting distances for Non-
Residential Burlington Employees
RSG: ACS 2017 (5-year) Data

14. 19
Vehicle trips – VT Urban households (NHTS)
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
Less
than 0.5
miles
1 mile 2 miles 3 miles 4 miles 5 miles 6 - 10
miles
11 - 15
miles
16 - 20
miles
21 - 30
miles
31 miles
or more
Cumulative Distribution
80% of vehicle trips
5 miles or shorter
limited sample

15. 20

16. 21
Portland Household Travel Survey

17. 22
Dutch data: Infrastructure Management Agency via City of Austin.

18. 23
National – Trip Purpose by Walking and Biking

19. 24

20. 25
Scooters are coming -
Walmart – lead acid battery version
250kw motor -

21. 26

22. 27
Density
Diversity
Design
Destinations
Distance
to Transit
Development
Scale
Demographics
Demand
management
8 D’s of Trip
Generation Variables
Adapted from Ewing and Cevero

23. 28
Transportation Plan = Land Use Plan

24. 29
Image: CBINSIGHTS & RSG
Reduce travel distances: Land use planning
• Intensify the land use density and increase diversity.
• Reduce parking requirements, provide incentives for in-fill, and housing equity.
• Close proximity of Live, Work, Play can reduce overall travel distances and make
alternatives to the automobile more attractive.
– walking (<1 mile)
– scooter, biking (<3 miles)
– e-bike (<5 miles)
• Support land use changes and high quality infrastructure
to encourage walking, scooters, and biking.
• Improve high quality connections from Winooski,
Colchester, and South Burlington to encourage
commute trips via active modes.
• Find sustainable funding sources to build and maintain
high quality travel corridors for active modes.

25. 30
Burlington Multimodal ground transport
Source: Jan 2019 DRAFT | planBTV: Burlington’s Comprehensive Plan

26. 31

27. 32
Costs of mobility
3
2
1
0.93
0.57
0.53
0.47
0.45
0.17
0.11
0.09
0.18
0.11
0.065
0.04
0.03
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
Conventional Taxi
Car on Demand
Ridehailing pool cars
Scooter (3 mile rental, $1+0.15 per min)
Greenride Bike (3 mile rent, 7mph)
Microtransit on-demand
Microtransit fixed route
CarShare (cost)
Fixed Route bus (VT 116)
Fixed Route bus (Link)
Small SUV (fuel)
Small SUV (O&M)
EV (O&M)
EV (fuel)
Scooter (fuel)
E-bike (fuel)
Rent or Fuel Cost ($) per Mile
Source: Slason, RSG

28. 33

29. 34
Vehicle mix
EV FUEL TYPE
NUMBER
REGISTERED
% OF
BURLINGTON
PASSENGER
VEHICLE FLEET
BEV 82 0.3%
PHEV 108 0.4%
Hybrid 963 4.5%
FUEL TYPE
VEHICLE
TYPE
TOTAL
FLEET
SHARE
Gasoline
ICEV 532,370 89.2%
HEV 10,901 1.8%
Diesel 30,205 5.1%
PEV
BEV 381 0.1%
PHEV 1,387 0.2%
All Vehicles 596,783 100.0%
Burlington Electric Vehicle Vermont Vehicle Mix

30. 35
EVSE (electric vehicle supply equipment)
• 7.2 (30amp) or 11kw (45 amp) L2
charging or 125kw DC Fast Charging
14-50P adapters
Most L2 home chargers at
between 30 and 40 amps at
240 volts
Watts = Volts x Amps
Example: 240volts x 30amps/1000 = 7.2kwh

31. 36
EVSE – charging info
Charging time
for 100 km
of BEV range
Power supply Power Voltage Max. current
6–8 hours Single phase 3.3 kW 230 V AC 16 A
3–4 hours Single phase 7.4 kW 230 V AC 32 A
2–3 hours Three phase 11 kW 400 V AC 16 A
1–2 hours Three phase 22 kW 400 V AC 32 A
20–30
minutes
Three phase 43 kW 400 V AC 63 A
20–30
minutes
Direct current 50 kW
400–500 V
DC
100–125 A
10 minutes Direct current 120 kW
300–500 V
DC
300–350 A
Source: wikipedia

32. 37
Electric Grid
Source: National
Instruments Electric
Grid Control toolkit
http://zone.ni.com/reference/en-XX/help/373375G-01/lveptconcepts/ep_grids/

33. 38
Electric Grid
Source: CNET.com

34. 39
Transportation management center

35. 40
Electric – Transportation Nexus
Connecting in both Time and Space
is complex.
Requiring two-way communication
between systems

36. 41
Summer peak – Traffic and Electricity
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
0:00-1:00
1:00-2:00
2:00-3:00
3:00-4:00
4:00-5:00
5:00-6:00
6:00-7:00
7:00-8:00
8:00-9:00
9:00-10:00
10:00-11:00
11:00-12:00
12:00-13:00
13:00-14:00
14:00-15:00
15:00-16:00
16:00-17:00
17:00-18:00
18:00-19:00
19:00-20:00
20:00-21:00
21:00-22:00
22:00-23:00
GWH
HOURLYTRAFFICFLOW

37. 42
BED – electric grid demand

38. 43
Summary • BTV is a hub – to
maintain vibrancy,
connections to other
communities must be
maintained. How can
strong, multimodal
connections be fostered?
• Be a YIMBY• Walk, bike, scoot, ride
before you drive
• If you drive – make it
electric
newengland.com

39. www.rsginc.com
Contacts
www.rsginc.com
Contacts
JONATHAN SLASON, PE
Director
Jonathan.slason@rsginc.com
802.861.0508