The Bosnian Genocide Mass Killing

The Bosnian Genocide Was A Mass Killing
The Bosnian genocide was a mass killing similar to the Holocaust that occurred in Bosnia Herzegovina shortly after the separation from the former
state of Yugoslavia, disbanded in 1992 due to the Yugoslav Wars ("The Breakup of Yugoslavia, 1990
–1992 – 1989–1992 – Milestones – Office of the
Historian."). Akin to most other genocides that have previously been recorded throughout history, the Bosnian genocide was caused by part of the
population believing they had second–rate citizens in their land, and with that view established, they wanted to eradicate the ones they deemed unfit for
their country & society. Upon the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslaviacrumbling down in 1992, Bosnia Herzegovina entered a period of
instability. The country was recognized as it's own independent country by the main powers, however there were three groups arguing over land rights
inside Bosnia. The Croat, Serb, and Bosnian Muslim disputing quickly escalated into something horrendous. The Serbs did not want Bosnia to be it's
own country because some of the Bosnian land encompassed some of Serbia, the Serbs began bombing Bosnian cities and would murder Bosnian
citizens in the cities that were in the land the two countries "shared." The Serbs began encroaching on Bosnian territory, they were led to believe that
the Bosnians were the enemy, televised to the Serbs was propaganda claiming that the Bosnian Muslims were an enemy and a threat to Serbia, they
were instilled with paranoia ("Combat
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Bosnia Genocide Research Paper
The Bosnian Genocide want not very good life to live. The country of Yugoslavia was formed in the year of 1929. The population of Bosnia is about
3.8 million people. Muslims represented the largest single population group by 1931. They were described as fundamentalists by the Serbs. The
social federal republic of Yugoslavia was led by the Dictator Gossip Brazito.Three of the major groups in Yugoslavia were theSerbs, Croats, and the
Slovenes. The Croatians were under the French and Austro Hungarian control and were predominantly Catholic. They made up about 12% of the
population. The slovenians were under the control of Austro– Hungarian and were also Catholic. The Serbs were under Ottoman control and were of
the Eastern Orthodox religion. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Many different ethnic and religious groups resided together for at least 40 years under Yugoslavia's repressive communist government. During the
World War II Yugoslavia was invaded by the Nazi Germany. The Serb who was opposing the breakup of Yugoslavia started a war against the
Slovenians. In the year of 1945, Yugoslavia began to economically develop differently than its socialist counterparts by creating a unique form of
decentralized market socialism based on workers that are self– management. The first goal of the Serb was to completely wipe out he educated wealthy
and any other type of non – serbs who actively opposed their rule. Tito was a strong leader who maintained ties with the Soviet Union and the United
States during the Cold War. Tit did manage to keep ethnic friction at a minimum for a long period of time. Then Tito died in 1980. By the late 1920's
a new leader a Serbian named Slobodan

Ethnic Conflict Of The Soviet Union
Ethnic Conflict
With a long stemming past of ethnic conflict within Yugoslavia, the country at long last disassembled over what historians would argue was "The
bloodiest war in Europe since World War II" (Multi–Ethnic Conflict: Yugoslavia.). Yugoslavia was a country composed of six republics
– The socialist
republic of Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Bosnia–Herzegovina, Serbia, and Slovenia. The country was created after world war one in 1929 and was
under the control of the Soviet Union up until 1991 when the Soviet Union broke apart. With the fall of the Soviet Union came the inevitable turmoil,
violence and destruction within Yugoslavia– the country began to fall apart. Ethnic conflict had been the root of war and violence through out
numerous countries all around the world for centuries. The ethnic conflict of Yugoslavia was caused by differences in religion and ethnicity, different
perspectives on government and politics, and disagreements over territory. Yugoslavia was just far too small for the different nationalities and
government structures within it. Yugoslavia has long suffered with problems concerning religion and ethnicity. There was always a back
– and– fourth
tension between the ethnic groups. "During the 1930s it became apparent that the ethnic groups were unwilling to blend and merge together. The Serbs
who made up about 40 percent of the population dominated politics. The Croats and Slovenes resented Serbian aggressiveness. These ethnic groups
lived an

Peace in Yugoslavia From 1919 Until 1980 Essay
Peace in Yugoslavia From 1919 Until 1980
Peace in Yugoslavia meant unity. The country was a drawing together of different groups, which held together from 1919 to the 1980. Before the
First World War the Austria ruled the individual countries of Slovenia, Croatia and Bosnia as well as other countries such as Hungary as part of the
Hapsburg Empire. The other big empire was the Turkish Ottoman Empire. All the individual areas had different ethnic groups and religions. The
Croats were Roman Catholic, people living in Bosnia were mainly Muslim, as were people living in Kosovo. Serbia was a separate independent country,
ruled by its own King. The Serb religion was Christian Orthodox.
The Treaty ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
King Peter ruled until his death in 1921, when his son, who became King Alexander I, replaced him. King Alexander had a Government dominated by
Serbs, which made all of the decisions. He refused to listen to wishes of Slovenes and Croats and would not give them any say in decisions
concerning their regions. In 1929, Alexander changed the country's name from the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and the Slovenes and dismissed
parliament so he could run the country as a dictatorship. He used his Serb dominated Secret Police to deal with protests in Croatia and Slovenia.
Members of other ethnic groups were angered by the Kings dictatorship (especially the Croats who wanted more control over their regions). A Croat
resistance movement (formed as a result of the removal of parliament) murdered Alexander during a visit to France in on 9th October 1934. He had,
however, been a strong King, with definite ideas about how he had wanted to run the country. His dictatorship– unpopular as it had been with some
groups, did help hold Yugoslaviatogether.
Following King Alexander's assassination, his brother Prince Paul ruled the country, on behalf of his nephew, who was too young

Bosnian Rwandan Genocide Comparison Essay
Discuss and Analyze the similarities and differences between the genocide committed in Rwanda and Yugoslavia in the 1990s. The Rwandan and
Bosnian Genocides were more similar than different due to the fact that both were supported by the governing force at the time, and both were ignited
due to past tensions between two separate ethnicities. The Rwandan and Bosnian Genocides were similar in the fact that both were supported by the
ruling force at the time. The Rwandan Genocide, was organized by the newly created Hutu government, while the Bosnian Genocide, was executed by
the Bosnian Serb Army with support from the Yugoslav Army. In Rwanda, the government was formerly controlled by the minor (10%) Tutsi. The
Tutsi were given this... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In both genocides, the ruling force of the country supported or organized the genocide of its country. The Hutu government massacred the Tutsi, and
the Serbians massacred the Bosnian Muslims. Another similarity between the two genocides was that both were started due to past hatreds between the
two conflicting factions. The Rwandan Genocide was ignited due to hatred of Tutsi by the Hutu when the former were still in power. The Bosnian
Genocide due to long–lasting hatred between the Serbs and Croats. When Rwanda was first colonized Tutsi were considered to be above the Hutu,
but the balance of power was shifted between the two groups when Belgium abandoned the state due to revolution. When the Tutsi were in power,
the Hutu were always treated inferior to the Tutsi. The hatred of the Tutsi by the Hutu lasted long enough that the Hutu took revenge on the Tutsi in
the form of genocide. In the Bosnian Genocide the animosity and the hatred began even earlier. It began in the Croatian War from 1991 to 1995.
Serbian would occupy 30% of Croatian land. However the Croats in the displaced territory were abused by the Serbs, and when Croatia received full
independence in 1992, the Croatians took revenge on the Serbs. In the same year, the Bosnian War began between the Serbs and Croats over the newly
declared independent Republic of Bosnia–Herzegovina. In an act of revenge for the loss of the Croatian War and the aftermath from it, the Serbs took
revenge in the form of

Bosnian Genocide Research Paper
The Bosnian Genocide was the worst act of mass killings since the Nazis destruction of 6 million Jews. It resulted in a 100,000 deaths of both mostly
Bosniak Muslims and Croatians. The horrific events that took place in Bosnia are currently shown in the Middle East today through dehumanization,
nationalism and imperialism. These factors are what make the Bosnian Genocide recurrent for Muslims in history.
During the ethnic cleansing of Muslims from 1992–1995, thousands of innocent muslims were targeted because of who they were and what they
believed in. Bosniaks were beaten, raped and eventually murdered. The survivors of the Bosnian Genocide are key witnesses to explaining the
saddening treatment they had to endure."They were "playing with ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Former president Josep Broz Tito held Yugoslaviatogether and was able to extinguish the nationalism growing in many republics. His death however
reopened the wound and let the nationalism of the Serbs become existent. The serb forces ideology for a "Greater Serbia" was the very motive that
sparked the 3 year long civil war. For starters the Serb forces showed much nationalism by joining up in a group of 16 Serb Political members and
writing the Memorandum of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts. For them, is was supposedly to support a solution of Yugoslav unity but
instead focused depently on disapproving president Tito's ways. In fact in 1987, the president of Serbia, Slobodan MiloЕЎeviД‡, was openly
supportive of the document and was even the spokes person for it. He envisioned and introduce a nationalist motto of "strong Serbia, strong
Yugoslavia". This nationalism alone from a president was the spark of all nationalism thereafter. It was a sense of unity for serbians and made them
more superior than other ethnicities due to that fact that the president was so open about it. This gave him justification by using text to support his
beliefs and ideas. This is comparative to the middle east by Al–Qaeda and ISIS. The middle east as well uses documents and books to justify and
spread what they are doing. They use the Quran, a holy book, as justification for the strong hate for others and strong nationalism for their country.
They use versus such as "I will cast terror into the hearts of those who disbelieve. Therefore strike off their heads and strike off every fingertip of
them."Quran (8:12). Yet interpret these verses in such a misleading way as the Serbs did with the document. Serbs wanted a "Serbian land" while Isis
wants a pan–arab land and in both cases these books were the start for the

The Violence Of A Multi Ethnic Society
Samuel Huntington famously stated that the fiercest clashes have become battles between civilizations, according to him these clashes are neither
ideological or economic, but rather cultural. Huntington couldn 't have been more mistaken. In reality, the modern world has become plagued with an
increasing presence of intra–state wars as modern conflict has become synonymous with clashes between "individuals, groups, and communities that
differ very little". Freud attempted to explain this perplexing occurrence as a "narcissism of minor differences" by stating that group solidarity requires
the existence of an 'Other ', a minority, which through its suppression validates the identity of the majority. According to this logic, all communities
despite their homogeneity must seek a minority within themselves in order to validate their existence. Bosnia 's cosmopolitanism prior to the
Yugoslavian War provides us with a vivid example that this 'narcissism ' is a superficial explanation as to why 'fraternal ' conflict occurs. Prior to the
war, Bosnia was not only the most ethnically integrated Yugoslavian republic, it was the poster
–child of a multi–ethnic society in which various
ethnicities not only coexisted but rather intermingled. This peaceful coexistence was disrupted by Slobodan Milosevic, Serbia 's president, who used
Yugoslavia's economic and political crisis of 1988 in his favour by essentializing the crisis along the lines of ethnic national identity. Through his

Milosevic Slobodan Research Paper
Introduction
Throughout Eastern Europe, many ordinary people took political action around the fall of the communist regime. Protests ranged from small events to
large, violent protests that changed the composition within Yugoslavia. The dynamics of political elites and citizens began to take a different shape as
the structure of the authoritarian regime evolved. Yugoslavia suffered from instability due to rapid changes socially, politically, and economically in
which paved way for Milosevic Slobodan. However, there was essentially two main reasons that allowed the nationalistic Serbian mobilization of
Kosovo Albanians: 1) Ordinary people adopted the ideals of the elites and
2) open opportunity during the fall of communism. Although these main reasons may overlap each other, they both are definitive in the emergence of a
new leader. As revolutions prove to break ground when opportunities arise, Milosevic seized his chance at power. Nationalistic mobilization would
monopolize within the Serbian community and reawaken historic ties with the Kosovo Albanians. The anti bureaucratic revolution progressed at the
weakening of the Yugoslavian government. Essentially, revolutionary movements are highly opportunistic, which tends to occur in non democratic
regimes with a weakened central control.
Nationalist Mobilization
Nationalist studies ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The CPY held precedence over local and state rulings and regulated nearly every aspect (economical, social, political). Although Yugoslavia's political
structure was completely redefined, cultural and historical ties of the region were dismissed. The rapid integration between the Serbs, Croats, Slovenes
and other ethnicities were forced to a single state. There was no acknowledgement of identity or territorial boundaries between the ethnicities, which
would prove to be a vital error of judgement in terms of political

When I first read about Marina Abramovic, I found her...
When I first read about Marina Abramovic, I found her performance art can be both shocking and hold the attention of one. Her work ranges in
physical intensity, emotional exposure, and sadness. Marina Abramovic work is about self abuse, self discipline, and unreasonable punishment and
great courage. Through the conditions she puts herself and her audience in her performance. In my opinion, I feel Marina Abramovic and my main
goal as an artist is not only to completely change the way art is seen by the public, but to push the performance the same line as fine art. Marina
Abramovic was born in Belgrade, Capital of Yugoslavia on November 30, 1946. Many people asked her where she is from, she replied "I came from a
country that no longer ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Space was involved in the performance as well. A table and two wooden chairs created a great amount of space in a big room. Until Abramovic
decides to take the table away, interacting with the audience. No movement emotions was made from her. On the other hand, the audience showed
all kinds of emotions. Or by teasing her to see if she would lose concentration. There was no sound at all, but there is a great impact by her eyes
locked to whoever sat opposite of her. Marina Abramovic uses no material. She finds it important to make her performance last long lengths for the
spiritual and "transformative properties" Abramovic believes "the longer the performance can get the more transcendental it gets" (History). She
also believed the longer you stay the more energy is invested from both she and the audience. Marina Abramovic has put her body in dangerous and
close fatal situations, by cuts and mutilation. To test her physical limits. She goes through a process training to prepare her for her performance. She
prepared six months before the performance, she became a vegetarian. Only ate at certain times because of digestion. Very strict diet with very light
food and only eating in the morning very certain things. She never went to the bathroom. She trained by drinking water every 45 minutes and
sleeping, 45 minutes and back to sleep. She isolated herself from the world. Only talk to a couple of people like curation, doctor and few other people.
In my opinion, Marina

Perils Of Indifference Reflection
Political activist and author, Eliezer Wiesel in his frank speech, "The Perils of Indifference," asserts that being indifferent, or turning one's back to
an issue is just as dangerous as perpetrating the crime, if not more harmful. He develops his message by defining indifference, listing the
consequences of indifference, and persuading the audience to take note and step in. In defining the word indifference, Wiesel makes it so his
audience is able to connect the word to the Holocaust and also events that were currently happening, making the issue feel more personal and
relevant. He describes it as "tempting" and "seductive," giving an excuse for why indifference in history keeps reappearing, despite humanity's
suffering every time. In like manner, Wiesel also reveals how it has played a crucial role inthe Holocaust and in people's lives, much like his own; he
highlights the fact that the victim's "pain is magnified when he or she feels forgotten," and describes the hopelessness of the people who endure
mass genocides. He ends his speech with hopeful tones, asking the audience to call attention to indifference and use it's effects on history to learning
and progress into a future where people are "punished" or "forgotten," just as he has learned and gained hope from his younger self that has been with
him through years. Wiesel's purpose is to warn against indifference in order to elicit reactions and hope in spite of history's heavy events. He creates a
cautionary tone for

The Muslim Genocide that Took Place in Europe
Genocide Research Paper "I swore never to be silent whenever and wherever human beings endure suffering and humiliation. We must always take
sides. Neutrality helps the oppressor, never the victim. Silence encourages the tormentor, never the tormented"(Wiesel). Just like Elie Wiesel
mentioned, one must never remain silent when such atrocities are occurring. Although there may be times where one feels powerless to injustices
there should never be a time where one fails to protest. Silence is the reason for the moral crimes that have happened in history and are still going on
to this day. Genocides have always happened because of silence. Just like Elie Wiesel questioned God's silence in Night, he also questioned the
world's silence. The silence that caused the annihilation of many human beings and forever changed history. According to dictionary.com, a genocide
is the deliberate and systematic extermination of a national, racial, political, or cultural group. As previously mentioned, genocides occur from the
silence of the people, racism, and fear. The belief of superiority of one's own race is the beginning of a genocide. Hatred towards the Muslims caused
the beginning of a new extermination. The Muslim genocide took place in Europe, Bosnia–Herzegovina from 1992 until 1995. Since the beginning of
Bosnia, Muslims have always been the majority in the population. Bosnia was created after the break–up of Yugoslavia, which included the religious
groups of Serbs, Croats, and

Serbia and Kosovo: From Myth to Genocide Essay
Introduction.
"The taking of hostages was an immoral act. We had to do whatever we could just to eliminate that dirty story from the history of Serbs." (Slobodan
Milosevic in an interview for the Time magazine, 1995).
In the 1990s Yugoslavia was the battlefield of Europe's bloodiest war since 1945. This notorious culmination was a product of an interconnected chain
of events which began in the mid–1980s with the deepening of the conflict and the extremely strained relations between the two major ethnic groups in
Kosovo: Albanians and Serbs. Kosovo was the most problematic region in the whole federation due to the large number of Albanian population in the
province and the heterogeneous ethnic picture of the area. In parallel with that, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Combining this power with the control of media provided political leaders with the desired tools for manipulation of the public.
Therefore, the main objective of this study is to analyze the ideological use of history as a tool for fostering nationalism and "the benefit of the nation"
in the hands of the leaders of the former Yugoslav republics during the period of the last two decades of the twentieth century. In light of the
information gathered, this paper will argue that the two cornerstones of the Yugoslaviacrisis are the reinterpretation of historical events through the
use of myths and the influence of media which framed the events in Yugoslavia in the manner preferred by the political leaders. The assertions will
be backed up by analysis of primary sources (speeches, interviews and video footage), and secondary sources and case examples from the republics.
The paper will also assert that the presence of the past is still visible in most of the republics. As an outcome of the different instances of uses of
history the consequential induced rise of nationalism led to the belligerent consequence: the collapse of the SFRY.
This paper will follow a linear structure where key former Yugoslav republics are reviewed in turn

The Forgotten 500 by George Freeman
Freeman frequently used Government documents to tell some stories of these men and sometimes interviews from various articlesto cross–reference
the amazing heroic rescue stories of some of the 500 American air men, after most where shot down during the bombings of German petroleum
Fields during Operation Air Bridge. For instance,in the beginning he tells Mike McKool's story from the summery of the account he provided in
Operation Air Bridge, along with newspapers articles from 1946(48). Than he goes on to tell the story of Thomas Oliver and how he "was flying
a barrowed plain" from His summary of his account he provided in his unpublished manuscript (49). At the end of the book he gives notes to
prove that his facts or sources are creditable. He does supply enough info to insure his facts are indeed respectable. The only down side to his
sources is that he didn't personally interview these men, due to the fact that many aren't around now days. Scope of Events THE FORGOTTEN 500
tells the story of "Halyard Mission" in 1944, the largest rescue ever of downed American airmen. More than 500 U.S. airmen were rescued, along with
some from other countries, all right under the noses of the Germans, and mostly in broad daylight. Oil played a major role in WWII, The effort to
master its sources or to manufacture it, or the attempt to deny it to an enemy–was a major factor in defining the approach of World War II. Movements
were decided or swayed by the obtainability of oil or

Transition from Socialism to Capitalism in Bosnia
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Capitalism and socialism, as two major economic systems, have shaped the past century to a great extent. After many
wars and political games, it seems that the battle between the two systems has come to an end. Capitalism proved to be the stronger system and, as a
result, globalization became the most descriptive attribute of the world economy in the current century. Most of the socialist countries decided, or were
forced, to start a painful process of transition, which would enable them to become capitalist countries in the future. The countries in transition have
had to deal with numerous problems such as political and economic pressure from other countries, corruption at all levels of political and... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The last part investigates the problem of corruption and other political factors that are a current impediment to transition. At the end, subjective
conclusions will be made about whether transition itself is worthwhile. Each reader is welcome to draw his or her own conclusions. Whether
transition is worthwhile is a question that will be approached from the people's point of view and it will rely on comparison between Bosnia's
economic performance and the living standard in the country before and during transition. It will also consider future estimates. Political events that
affected the process of transition will be taken into consideration because of their enormous relevance. Hopefully, the conclusions will be unbiased and
provide important considerations relevant to Bosnia's future. CHAPTER 2 POLITICAL BACKGROUND Bosnia before World War I– Islamization
The focus of this thesis is the transition of Bosnia from socialist to capitalist economy, but in order to fully understand it, one must be familiar with
some of the historical events particular to Bosnia. The single most important historical trend is certainly the Islamization of Bosnia. Although the
Serbian people consider the Battle of Kosovo in 1389 to be the beginning of this process, only decades and centuries to come marked a significant
increase in the number of Muslims in Bosnia. The primary source of information on population and especially changes in

Man's Inhumanity
Imagine having all of your belongings taken away from you in a matter of weeks and being deported from your own country, becoming a refugee in the
process. The events that took place in Yugoslavia are an example of man's inhumanity to man for the following reasons. The conflict between ethnic
groups in Yugoslavia strengthened after their former president, Josip Tito, perished and the next president was a Serbian named Slobodan Milosevic
who was an impatient homophobic serb who fed on hatred to gain power. The rise of extreme nationalist movements in the 20th century led to many
events expressing ethnically motivated brutality, such as The Holocaust, The Turkish–Armenian genocide and the ethnic cleansing campaigns of
former Yugoslavia.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
While it is widely known that at least 5 arab and palestinian armies in the war, most people don't know is that all of these combatants were
outnumbered by the Zionist forces at a rate of about two to three when the palestinian side as at it's peak. Virtually all battles had Isreal on the
offensive taking more and more land from the palestinian state. Another important note provides the statement that two of the arab armies only
involved themselves in the war after the Zionist forces had committed sixteen genocides, one of which was the gruesome massacre of 100 men and
women. In fact, one of the future Israeli prime–ministers called the massacre "splendid". The Zionist forces went on to commit thirty–three genocides
in total. By the end of the war the palestinians had lost 78% of the land to Israel, and three–quarters of a million Palestinians had been made refugees.
Over 500 towns and villages had been obliterated and a new map was drawn up, in which every city, river and hilltop received a new, Hebrew
name, and all remnants of the Palestinian culture in Israeli territory were erased. For decades Israel denied the existence of this population, former
Israeli Prime Minister Golda Meir once saying: "There were no such thing as Palestinians"(Frank Giles Sunday Times). In 1967 Israel decided to
seize more palestinian land. Following the "Six Day War," in which Israeli forces launched a highly successful surprise attack on Egypt, Israel
occupied the West Bank and Gaza Strip therefore successfully gaining another 22% of Palestein's original land. Is this occasion similar enough to
Yugoslavian actions to be labeled as ethnic cleansing? Or is the Palestinian conflict one that deserves a different

The History Of Croatia
Southeastern Europe has been a conflict–ridden corner of the world since as early as 400 A.D. From the split of the Roman empire to the rule by the
Ottoman empire to the World Wars and most recently, the breakdown of Yugoslavia, this region has not had a boring moment in history. Such a long
history of conflict has impacted the people of this region in ways that still matter today, such as ethnic identity and religion. While this extended,
complicated history has given Croatia depth, it is not all the country has going for it. Yugoslavia broke into 7 new states, leaving each with the
challenge to develop and strengthen themselves. Some, like Kosovo, have struggled to do so. Croatia, however, has managed to become an
economically strong, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Croatia's Gender Development Index is a high 0.997–meaning it is fairly gender–equal. Gender inequality is more likely to be seen in rural areas,
where agriculture and farming prevail, than urban areas in the professional part of society.
B. History As the split between the Roman Empire and Byzantine Empire grew, Croatia found itself right in between the two. The Pope baptized the
nation and legalized church services, aligning it with the Roman Empire. This connection with the west has continued throughout Croatian history.
In 1527, Arch Duke Ferdinand Hapsburg was elected King of Croatia. With this decision, Croatia became part of the Hapsburg monarchy. Over the next
centuries, the relationship between Croatia and the Hapsburg monarchy varied from fierce conflicts to allied defense efforts. Throughout the Hapsburg
Monarchy, Croatia remained a separate kingdom within the kingdom. When the Hapsburg Monarchy proposed Hungarian as the official Croatian
language, the refused, saying "one kingdom does not prescribe the laws for the other." This attitude of independence was and continued to be a strong
factor amongst the people. Although Croatia was within other states or empires for over 900 years, their position was always "voluntarily" decided
upon by Croatian leaders. Throughout this time, the leaders maintained their "right to statehood;" even though Croatia was not a state, the right was
highly valued. The persistent belief that they could

The Dissolution Of Yugoslavi Yugoslavia
The Dissolution of Yugoslavia The country of Yugoslavia was first formed as a kingdom in 1918 after combining land areas from the now both defunct
Ottoman and Austro–Hungarian Empires and then recreated as a Socialist state in 1945 after the Axis powers were defeated in World War II. The
Soviet Union took control of Yugoslaviaafter the war and wrote a new constitution for the country that established six constituent republics in the
federation: Bosnia–Hercegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Slovenia. The Republic of Serbia also had two self–governing
provinces: Vojvodina and Kosovo. Yugoslavia was a part of the Soviet Union until the Union dissolved in 1991 and as a result Yugoslavia soon
followed, but this is about ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Exceptions to this pattern of stability were the marked increase of the Albanian population and a steep decline in the numbers of Jews, ethnic
Germans, and Hungarians after World War II (Cushman). Another definitive cause of the Yugoslavian breakup was the nationalism of ethnic groups in
the early 1990s. Nationalism replaced communism as the dominant ideology in the country. Slovenia and then Croatia were the first to break away,
but this caused Serbia to become hostile towards the two nations. Consequently, the war in Croatia led to hundreds of thousands of refugees and also
brought back memories of the harsh acts of the Nazis in the 1940s. By 1992 a further conflict had broken out in Bosnia, which had also succeeded
from Yugoslavia. TheSerbs who lived there were determined in remaining within Yugoslavia and to help build a more homogenous Serbia. They
received strong backing from radical groups in Belgrade. Muslims were driven from their homes in carefully planned operations that become known
as "ethnic cleansing". By 1993 the Bosnian Muslim government was besieged in the capital Sarajevo, surrounded by Bosnian Serb forces who
controlled around 70% of Bosnia. In Central Bosnia, the mainly Muslim army was fighting a separate war against Bosnian Croats who wished to be
part of a greater Croatia. The presence of United Nations peacekeepers was required to contain the situation. The idea from culminated in the Yugoslav
Peace Conference,

The Yugoslav Wars: The Greatest Conflicts Since World War...
Known as Europe's deadliest conflict since World War II, the Yugoslav Wars (also known as the Wars of Yugoslav Succession, the Yugoslav Civil
War, or the War in the Balkans) were a series of wars fought in the former Yugoslavia in the early 1990s. Though the entire conflict can be divided up
into four distinct wars, they are related due to their common origin and the presence of the same ethnoreligious groups in the multiple wars. These wars
have become notorious due to the atrocious war crimes and crimes against humanity committed by all sides.
To better understand the atrocities of these wars, one must have knowledge of the definitions of certain terms and war crimes. The ideas of "ethnic
cleansing" and "genocide" are often thrown ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Furthermore, these wars cannot be fully understood without a basic knowledge of the former Yugoslavia. Formally known as the Soviet Federal
Republic of Yugoslavia, it was a federation that was comprised of six socialist republics: Bosnia & Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro,
Serbia and Slovenia. Additionally, two autonomous provinces, Vojvodina andKosovo, were established in Serbia. Many different ethnic groups called
Yugoslavia home, namely theSerbs, Croats, Slovenes, Bosniaks, Albanians, and Montenegrins. However, the presence of large ethnic minorities across
republic lines made things complicated, especially with the advent of rising nationalism among these different peoples. The borders of the republics
had originally been of little significance; Josip Tito, the beloved leader of the Communist Party in Yugoslavia, decided the borders with little opposition
from anyone, as the federation was supposed to be a centralized "dictatorship of the proletariat". Only with later decentralization and democratization
would any concern for the individual republics and nationalities be voiced and nationalism become an issue. Tito's death in 1980 seemed to suddenly
remind all the Yugoslav peoples that they had in fact retained their separate ethnic identities and that the ethnic identity of Tito's successor would
certainly affect them, whether positively or negatively, and inter–republic relations began deteriorating quickly. Tito and his communist

Essay About The Disintegration Of Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia was a very successful country under the lead of Josip Broz Tito. Yugoslavia was made of 6 Republics and those were: Croatia,
Montenegro ,Bosnia & Herzegovina, Montenegro, Slovenia, Serbia, Macedonia and Kosovo together with Vojvodina which at that time were
recognized as provinces. After the death of Tito Yugoslavia began to demolish. The collapse of Yugoslavia began in 1980, and it continued until the
27th of April 1992, which in history is known as the date when Yugoslavia totally collapsed. In my opinion, the reason that the disintegration of
Yugoslavia happened was because of the decline in absolute sovereignty. In this paper, I am going to talk about the definition of sovereignty, different
perspectives about the disintegration of Yugoslavia from some authors and the decline in absolute sovereignty which led to the disintegration of
Yugoslavia.
So, what is sovereignty? It is the capability of a country to govern itself. Thus, citizens are the ones who decide about creating government, institutions
and choosing representatives of their state. Yugoslavia constituted several republics, but none of them possessed the complete autonomy because...
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It is very difficult to point out a single major reason that affected the collapse of Yugoslavia because there were so many, that's why different people
have different opinions towards this issue as for what reason might have had the most influence. Explanations for Yugoslavias' disintegration start from
cultural reasons, continuing to religious and then oppressed rights between the different groups within the nation and so on.
According to Alan Thornett, after the death of Tito, Slobodan Milosevic wanted to expand its Serbian territory and make a greaterSerbia, by gathering
together all regions that are inhabited by Serbs. This would mean that Serbia would have more power contrasting everyone else, and a little or no

Ethnic Conflict In The Bosnian Genocide
"Bosnia is a complicated country: three religions, three nations and those 'others'. Nationalism is strong in all three nations; in two of them there are a
lot of racism, chauvinism, separatism; and now we are supposed to make a state out of that" ("Alija Izetbegovic Quote"). This quote clearly reflects
the Bosnian ethnic conflict. It states seemingly that there is a lot of racism between each ethics and they want their own state. The ethnic conflict
occurred in a really long time since Bosnian separated from Yugoslavia. Then, there is Bosnian Genocide that took place between 1992 and 1995. The
Bosnian Genocide was the conflict between Serbs and Bosnian Muslims, the ethnic conflict, was stopped by the NATO and United Nation.
Bosnia had the ethnic conflict that continued from the Yugoslavia, "TheSocialist Federal Republic of Yugoslaviawas one of the more liberal
communist regimes, led by the enigmatic dictator Josip Broz Tito" (Krkljes, Sandro). After Tito died, the ethnic conflicts started to raise. The main
ethnic groups that fought each other were Serbs, Bosnian Muslims, and Croats. The Bosnian genocide involved two main groups: Serbs and Bosnian
Muslims. The conflict between these two ethnic groups were increasing the damage by Serbian, who was supported the Serbs because of the nation. At
that time, Serbia was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The victims were Bosnian Muslim. The Serbs were taken away many rights of the Bosnian Muslim, "... curfews, forced relocations, rape, castration,
imprisonment in concentration camps, and killings" (Krkljes, Sandro). These actions were not acceptable and blamed. If nationalism was the reason
for this genocide, people should love and respect the nation as everyone in the same country. It is not about he is Serbs or she is Bosnian Muslim, but
it is about they are Bosnian. The victims must be protected. Everyone must start to be an open minded person in order to keep the peace in their

Bosnian War Research Paper
The Bosnian War
By Parley P Johnson
APA format
Bosnia Herzegovina
Bosnia is located in what was once the country of Yugoslavia. The landscape is very scenic and majestic; the national parks and country side is a
beautiful. Bosnia was a melting pot of ideologies both political and religious. The location and political role played a key in its direction. The political
situation is also unique; it has a very close three way split between Serbs, Croats and Muslims. The population was 44% Muslim, 31%, the third largest
was the Croats, and lastly at 8 % was all others. The Serbs are Orthodox Christians and support Serbia Bosnia's neighbor to the east The Croats were
Catholic and Bosnia neighbor to the north. The Capital Sarajevo ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The rise of nationalist groups, in the void of a strong central government, the nationalists were able to gain ground and push for their own agenda.
The massacre at Srebrenica was one of the worst crimes in the Bosnia War. According to a New York Times article, After the Srebrenica and Markale
massacres, which proved key in ending the war? The world had had enough, the Balkans conflict, Bosnia War, the breakup of Yugoslavia. NATO and
the US would come to end the conflict.
The outcry of the world was loud and clear. The hind sight is clear that the world acted to slow to prevent the ethnic cleansing that took place. The
difficulty lay in how to accomplish the mission with so many players, each having its own agenda. The United Nations and The United States granted
recognition to Bosnia in April 1992; this however was not enough to stop the coming

Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina on GDP, Poverty and...
With tensions rising in Ukraine, Syria becoming a site of possible military intervention and the Arab Spring movement prolonging internal conflict, It is
important to look at examples from the near past to understand the reasons behind trends so we might mitigate in a productive and beneficial way. Also
it is imprtant to understand the trends that occur after particular events so we might predict future needs. This report will look at two developing
countries, Serbia and Bosnia and Hercegovina(BIH), who share a bloody past, one from the position of agresor, one of an occupied country. The aim is
to see how the the conflict and its consequences influenced their GDP, poverty levels and migrations. And how has the change in those then influenced
development work in the respective countries. The report will further concentrate on the couses and effects of migration in the countries. The raw data
was collected from a number of sources and agregated to produce the tables shown.
Table 1. Table 1. represents Serbian GDP per capita. The graph shows a small decline in 1991, marking the beginning of the war, probably due to the
lack of demand from the former Yugoslav market. Then from 1992 to 1995 it rises as a result of war industry. Up to 2002(Milosevic's rule) there has
been a serious decline followed by a rebound to 2006. Although influenced by the world economic crisis, Serbian economics has recorded a steady rise
from 2009.
Table 2.
Table 2. represents the GDP per capita

The Symbolism Of 'How Soccer Explains The World'
For as long as I can remember sports has always been symbolic of war. The symbolism has been loose and vague because the sports battlefield is
clearly not a war zone, besides in our mind. The terms can be seen in every arena, every venue, every sport. Blitz, field general, cannon for an arm,
volley, blown up, a battle at the plate, even neutral zone comes from the battlefield. Athletes are referred to as warriors and they are engaging in
battle, in pseudo warfare. It's not new or different to hear that type of jargon because looking backing to history sports did serve as a temporary
battlefield. The Mayans' used "the ball game" to settle many disputes, Native Americans used stick ball (an early version of lacrosse) to settle disputes
about... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I have a long love of sports and I want to be a sports journalist one day and that part of me was almost instantly captivated by the way the author told
this story and allowed it to unfold. You could almost read this as an ESPN 30 for 30, except it talks about more critical matters than a normal ESPN
documentary would dare touch on. You can see the metaphors be described through the sport, you can draw parallels through one team to the other,
one conflict to the next. This is one of the most unique recruiting tools I have ever seen used in warfare and one of the most interesting villainous
characters, that isn't fiction, I have heard about in a long time. The way to reach a large audience is to use something many are passionate about, and
this was a really good way to explain this kind of conflict in terms people have an easier time latching on

The Split of Yougoslavia
DISCUSS the reasons of the split of Yugoslavia and its consequences on its people and society.
After the Second World War, the great nation of Yugoslavia was formed by countries considered similar but extremely diverse in contexts of religion,
culture and ideals. The break up of this nation resulted from the weaknesses in government after the death of their leader and national tensions which
had been present for centuries. From this, the Yugoslav war had been triggered impacting the peace amongst the nations which once resided together
and causing destruction, which had, and still does, cause problems for and amongst the nations and people involved.
Yugoslaviawas a nation in the Balkan region of Europe formed, under a monarchy of King Peter I after the First World War, named the KingdomSerbs,
Croats and Slovenes. This nation holds historic significance due to it being the first union since the Ottoman and Austro Hungarian Empires
conquering the region. Yugoslavia first gained international recognition on 13th July 1922 by the Conference of Ambassadors in Paris and was later
renamed the "kingdom of Yugoslavia on the 3rd of October 1925.
After the Invasion of the Nazi regime on April 6th 1941, Yugoslavia was under the control of Fascism and abolished monarchy in 1945. It was then
later freed from Nazi rule by Communist leader, Marshal Josip Broz Tito and the Partisan Army and renamed the Federal People's Republic of
Yugoslavia (later renamed the Socialist Federal

Essay on Kosovo And Milosevic
&#8220;I wouldn&#8217;t mind if they needed to take [Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic] out,'; said Chris Walter, 23, a college
student living in Chagrin Falls, Ohio. I felt the same way about Saddam Hussein. I think the longer you keep the problem around, the sooner it is going
to come back and bite you.';
From the Washington Post
April 18th, 1999
The horrors of the atrocities committed against Kosovo such as the targeted attacks on civilians, &#8220;ethnic cleansing';, and most certainly
mass murder have a greater impact globally than what may appear on the surface. On a humanitarian level, all these situations are marked by the same
killing mixture of hope and despair &#8211; frightened women, terrified children, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Addressing a huge gathering of Serbs assembled on the site of the battle of Kosovo Polje, where an Ottoman army inflicted a crushing defeat on
Serbian forces 600 years earlier, he launched a campaign to restore Serbian greatness that resulted in the break–up of Yugoslavia, amid the worst
atrocities and violations of human rights since the end of the Second World War. While the formidable Serb
–led Yugoslav army was used against
Croats too, the worst excesses and &#8220;ethnic cleansing'; took place against the Bosnians, and later the Kosovars, both of them Muslims.
What effects the Balkan region is its blood–soaked history, an ethnic jigsaw puzzle and, currently the &#8220;Mad Serb Disease.'; Like the
Bosnian tragedy, Kosovo&#8217;s misfortune results equally from the dominant powers letting expediency rather than ethnicity determine the
Balkan borders. Like the Bosnian muslims, Kosovar Albanians were lumped into the artificial Serb–dominated state called Yugoslavia &#8211;
even though ethinicity, religion and geography bound them to Albania.
Thus, Kosovo has been a pawn in the hands of the powers that mindlessly drew and re–drew the Balkan map. Despite being 90 per cent Albanian,
Kosovo is seen by the Serbs as the cradle of civilization. Its north and east have sites of religious and historical significance to them. Hence the Serb
desire to

Fall Of Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia fell in the 1990's into a mess of right–wing nationalistic states at war, resulted in numerous war crime, the bitter end was the result of the
fragmented political atmosphere in the wake of Tito's death. Significantly, though, the Soviet Union came to a relatively peaceful end due to
Gorbachev's leadership style, while the inability for different factions to compromise led to MiloЕЎeviД‡'s rise and the disturbing events of the 1990's.
Tito's government, while deservedly less notorious than Stalin's, was not able to achieve much economic success, and after his death the country's
centralized leadership began to fragment. Tito was replaced with a collective presidency, but this system began to fall apart due to economic troubles,
specifically... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
While Tito's oppression may have made people more intrigued by its rise after his death, this fails to explain why things ended the way they did. When
Stalin died things changed in the USSR, but it didn't fall. And notably, Yugoslavia remained (de facto) unified until 1992, twelve years after Tito's
death. I'm convinced that things happened the way they did because nationalism appealed to the people; MiloЕЎeviД‡ sought to keep Yugoslavia
unified, but with Serbian supremacy, a promise which would have sounded good if you were a Serbian worried about the future of your people and
your nation, and used heinous means to try to achieve his goal. Perhaps if some sort of plan had been made prior to Tito's death that addressed the
problems that could arise, Yugoslavia may have lasted longer. Some people certainly hold onto memories of a time when Yugoslavia was at peace,
what Dubravka UgreЕЎiД‡ called "Yugonostalgia" in her novel The Ministry of Pain, indicating that there may have been the potential for Yugoslavia
to stay how it was had nationalism not been so appealing. In short, Yugoslavia may have been an old man no longer in his prime, but nationalism
murdered it, and Tito's death laid the gun on the

Yugoslavia Research Paper
Yugoslavia was the first European country to perish since World War II. The country consisted of six republics, each with its own parliament and
president: these were the SR Bosnia and Herzegovina, SR Croatia, SR Macedonia, SR Montenegro, SR Slovenia, and SR Serbia and autonomous
provinces Kosovo and Vajvodina. Yugo means south and Slavia means land of the "slavs". Its' disintegration was caused by a number of political,
social and economic factors including the Yugoslav wars (ethnic cleansings), battle between Kosovo andSerbia, the death of Tito, the economic
slowdown, the fall of communism and Slobodan Milosevic becoming the president.
These factors came to surface in World War Two whenYugoslaviawas conquered by the axis, which bombed ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Without a doubt the Serbs living in Croatia had fear that the new nationalist government may commit the same atrocities that happened in World War
Two will occur again. As an outcome of fear, the Serbs began to form miliscions, while the Croats and Sloenias got arms from other countries.
Serbian and Croatian armies attacked each other, this resulted severe tragedies including execution of military, massacres, bombing of civilian areas,
mass rape and concentration camps. Intentions in the rise of nationalism occurred and no republic could find a solution, so Slovenia declared
independence and this lead to the country closing its borders and was finally independent from Yugoslavia on June 25,1991. During the wars
Macedonia was able to peacefully declare its own independence, the Serbs libing in Croatia had to declare their own independence as

The Bridge Betrayed And The Buddhas Of Bamiyan
The authors of The Bridge Betrayed and The Buddhas of Bamiyan both identify a different form of cultural eradication that occurred in within the past
twenty–five years. In Bosnia–Herzegovina, the Serbs and Croats wanted to destroy the Bosnian Muslim symbols, culture, and population. In
Afghanistan, the Taliban destroyed the Buddhas of Bamiyan, and in turn, changed the identity of Bamiyan forever. The practice of cultural eradication
is not limited to these two cases. Cultural eradication has taken place throughout history involving one group's desire to transform, absorb, and destroy
a particular culture and its' values. The desire for destruction may seem similar, however, the individual agendas that drive the eradication vary in each
instance. Michael Sells explores the nationalism that is expressed by the Serbs and Croats in Bosnia that he refers to as Christoslavism. Llewlyn Morgan
discusses the Taliban's iconoclastic and political motivations to destroy the Buddhas. Both examples ultimately analyze some of the many dimensions
of cultural eradication in the world.
From 1992 until 1995, the Serbs and Croats attempted to destroy the Bosnian Muslim culture. The Serb army shelled the National Library in Sarajvo,
which began the largest book–burning in modern human history, destroying books, records, and manuscripts. The Serb army targeted major
institutions that expressed the Bosnian Muslim culture and whatever places they looked over, the Croat Defense Council took care

Conflict In The Bros Research Paper
The Conflict in the Balkans
The conflict in the Balkans is interesting because for years, reporters and politicians have touted it as being the result of ancient ethnic hatred. The first
phase of Yugoslavian disintegration can be attributed to the conditions of the people living in Kosovo, an autonomous province of Yugoslavia. In 1981,
the socioeconomic conditions in Kosovo were far worse than those in the other republics of Yugoslavia. Poverty was rampant and unemployment was
around twenty percent as compared to about two percent in Slovenia that same year. The standard of living in Kosovo was deplorable and whatever
aid was given to the province by the federal government was mismanaged. Another significant problem with this ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Milosevic took away their right to govern themselves and as a result, he gained the attention of the United States Congress. Annual human rights
reports submitted to the White House by the Department of State read like a prison record when it came to Serbian abuses of the people of Kosovo.
Unfortunately, Congress was not in agreement with how to treat the reports of the abuses in Kosovo. The Bush Sr. administration was more interested
in keeping Yugoslavia together and concerned more about the breakup of the Soviet Union and the potential tragedy that such a thing might cause.
The problems of Kosovo were not viewed as important or of any interest to the national security or economic prosperity of the United States therefore
no action was needed. The State Department catalogued massive human rights violations by the Serbian leadership in Kosovo yet the Bush Sr.
Administration did nothing. Little was said about what was going on in the region and the American press because of the instability in the former
Soviet Union said even less. The Central Intelligence Agency was the first to predict the breakup of Yugoslavia in September of 1990. This breakup,
as examined by experts in the embassy in Belgrade and in Washington, was certainly seen as potentially violent and leading to war.
Milosevic attempted to cripple the economy of Slovenia by boycotting Slovenian goods and services in Serbia, Vojvodina, and Kosovo. What
Milosevic managed to do was

Bosnian Genocide Research Paper
The Bosnian Genocide began in April of 1992 and ended in 1995. It was a war between the Bosnian Muslims, the Croats, which are Catholics, and the
Serbs, which are Orthodox Christians. It occurred in Bosnia–Herzegovina where the population was about 3.8 million. The Bosniaks made up 44
percent of the population, the Serbs 31 percent, and the Croats 17 percent. The country is only about the size of West Virginia. The Bosniaks were
treated unfairly and inhumanely during this span of three years. It all began with a new president, Slobodan Milosevic (a Serbian who turned to
nationalism and religious hatred to gain his power) being elected. He ignited long–standing tensions between the Serbs and the Muslims. When
Slovenia and Croatia both declared

Norma Percy Death Of Yugoslavia Summary
Nationalism, Security, and the Death of Yugoslavia Norma Percy's "The Death of Yugoslavia" frames the political events that took place towards the
end of the Cold War that would ultimately result in the dissolvent of Yugoslavia. After the death of Josi Broz Tito, the once suppressed nationalism
between the Serbs and Croats was reignited under the control of Slobodan Milosevic. The Serbs claimed that their people were poorly treated at that
the Albanians yearned for an ethnically pure Yugoslavia. Unlike his predecessor, Milosevic catered to the Serbs, lending an ear to their nationalistic
tendencies instead of crushing it. As tensions mounted, Milosevic launched a Serbian crusade, taking over the sovereign republics of Vojvodina and
Montenegro. According to Percy (1995), the republic of Kosovo, full of Albanians, put up a fight but eventually bowed toSerbia through military force.
With regard to Slovenia and Croatia, the two republics managed to hold their ground against Milosevic and declared independence in 1991. While ...
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Similar to when Hitler took over Europe, the surrounding states of Yugoslavia put forth little military effort to assist the republics that were under
siege. What Percy (1995) fully fails to mention is that the Yugoslavian republics did not have the military capabilities to defend their own states;
regardless of it was against Milosevic or another outside force and was only amplified when outside states provided no military backup (Baylis,
Smith, & Owens, 2014). Thus, it was relatively easy for one party, with federal force and of one ethnicity, to come in and take over. Additionally,
without nationalism in the way, the Yugoslavian republics would have been able to come together and develop their military force on a state and federal

Yugoslavia Essay
One of the youngest nations of Europe, Yugoslavia was created after World War I as a homeland for several different rival ethnic groups. The country
was put together mostly from remnants of the collapsed Ottoman Empire and Austria–Hungary. Demands for self–determination by Slovenes, Croats,
Serbs, and others were ignored. Yugoslavia thus became an uneasy association of peoples conditioned by centuries of ethnic and religious hatreds.
World War II aggravated these rivalries, but Communist dictatorship after the war controlled them for 45 years. When the Communist system failed,
the old rivalries reasserted themselves; and in the early 1990s the nation was rent by secessionist movements and civil war. Within several years these
conflicts... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
     The mountainous nature of the country causes considerable climatic differences from one place to another. The
Dalmatian coast has a typical Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and mild, rainy winters. The Mid–Danube Plain has a continental climate
with cold winters, hot summers, and moderate precipitation. The mountain regions have on the whole colder and shorter summers and more severe
winters compared with other regions.      The major environment hazard in Yugoslovia is earthquakes. The whole
region is subject to earthquakes of considerable severity, and in 1963 the city of Skopje was almost entirely destroyed by one.
     Yugoslavia has numerous deposits of lignite, or brown coal, exist, but there is little good–grade black coal. There
are some small petroleum and natural gas field. The major source of energy is waterpower, which provides about one third of the country's electricity.
Yugoslavia is a major European producer of lead and copper. Other minerals include iron ore, zinc, silver, gold, nickel, mercury, and antimony.
     About 37 percent of the country is forest covered. The predominant species are oak, beech, and other deciduous
trees, with such evergreens as pine and fir in the mountains. The soils of the Mid–Danube Plain are the best in the country for farming.

Bosnia Herzegovin A Rough History
Body: Bosnia–Herzegovina has a rough history, especially with its neighboring countries. Tensions in the Balkans increased after World War II.
Bosnia–Herzegovina went from a prime example of cultural unity to the exact opposite due to the dissolution of Yugoslavia. Yugoslavia was created
at the end of World War I, when Bosnian, Croat, and Slovenian territories joined that of the Serbian Empire. Yugoslavia was split up during World
War II, but was once again unified at the end by Josip Broz Tito. Due to cultural differences, remembrance of WWII events, and the death of Josip
Broz Tito, Yugoslavia, once again, broke up in the early 1990s. My parents were born and raised in different parts of Yugoslavia, but with the
break–up of Yugoslavia, and wars that followed between Bosnia and Serbia, my parents had to escape to Germany (where my brother and I would
soon be born). Growing up I always heard about how great it was to live in a Yugoslavia that was ruled by Josip Broz Tito, it was a place where
people got along with one another. However, that would soon change. In an essay written by Alan Fraser, he describes the conditions of Yugoslavia
during the time of unity. In his opening sentence he says "the first thing I noticed about Yugoslavia was the ease and honesty, the trust people had for
each other, treating one another like family." The quote speaks volumes, especially coming from a foreigner to the region. Yugoslavia was truly a place
where everyone got along with one

The Tragic Tragedy Of Yugoslavia
The Tragedy in Yugoslavia Imagine being in the middle of a bloody, tragic war; your relatives are dying and your city being completely destroyed
and reduced to rubble. This is what it was like for the citizens living in Yugoslavia from 1992 to 1995 during the atrocious Yugoslav Genocide
(Bosnian Genocide). During this war for independence, over two hundred thousand people died and around two million people fled from the region
(Civil War). The Republic of Bosnia–Herzegovina was the main place of battle after they declared independence in 1992 (Blackburn). Sarajevo, the
capital of Bosnia–Herzegovina was where the worst fighting took place. The Yugoslav Genocide was mainly caused by the political unease that had
been rising in Yugoslavia. Although these political strains were the primary cause for the mass genocide, they were not the only factor. Long standing
rivalries between three religions and an economic crisis that had been growing in Yugoslavia also played prominent roles in inducing the war. Over
time, numerous political tensions between the Serbians, Croatians and Muslims generated violence, which negatively provoked different ethnic groups
and eventually led to a war. These three groups made up the majority of the Yugoslavian population. They had long standing rivalries and tensions the
had been steadily increasing over time. After World War I, the three ethnic groups were forced together in the Kingdom of Serbs, Muslims, and Croats.
The new kingdom was renamed the

Breakup Of Yugoslavia
The animosity among Catholic Croats, Orthodox Serbs, Moslem Bosnians, Orthodox Macedonians and Muslim Albanians, led to Yugoslavia's wars of
the 1990s. Nonetheless, there were some hopeful elements and countervailing examples of humanistic values and peaceful coexistence prevailing
among people of these ethnicities: the efforts of Yugoslav politicians who were attempting to address disputes through negotiation rather than violence,
the steps taken by the United Nations to stem the violence, the actions of particular individuals to stem the violence, the friendships between people of
different ethnicities that existed before the wars and persisted as they were going on, the friendships between people of different ethnicities that were
built... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As we saw in the documentary The Fourth Part of the Brain, some of the kids who starred in Dizdarevic's film An Awkward Age were Bosnian
Muslims, others Bosnian Croats, others Bosnian Serbs. In spite of different ethnicities, they still liked and cared about one another during the war.
After the premiere of the movie, Esvedin, Sabina, and Sedin were interviewed in an apartment in Sarajevo. Sedin sent special regards to his good
friends Srdjan, who was in Zvornik. They both grow up in the same part of Sarajevo, where they used to hang out together, and Sedin hoped to
hang out with Srdjan again. Srdjan replied that he was moved that Sedin still wanted to be with him again, but he was afraid that he could not go
back. He believed that everybody would hate him if he went back to Sarajevo because his uncle and possibly other relatives had been involved in
killing Muslims. The reason why Srdjan was so moved might be that Sedin understood that it was not Srdjan but the soldiers that should be to blame.
Sedin could make distinctions between the soldiers who were terrorizing the Muslim population and other Serbs who were blameless like his friends.
Srdjan and Sedin, in spite of their different religions and ethnicities, used to be good friends before they were both picked for the movie. Not only
were they friends while they were making the movie, and

Milovan Djilas Conversation With Stalin
Milovan Djilas, a prominent leader of the Yugoslav Partisan movement during World War II and the Vice President of Yugoslavia under Josip Tito,
was the epitome of an idealist. When the 1930s drew to an end and the idealism that emerged after World War I dwindled, the states adopted a more
realist perspective; they began acknowledging the importance of power in politics and the international system. However, Milovan Djilas clung onto
idealism. He rested his faith on the unrealistic expectation of just interactions between states and the belief that the Soviet Union was primarily driven
by the goal of advancing the collective interests of the communist states. In Conversations with Stalin, Milovan Djilas describes his three encounters
with Joseph ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He conceded that for all Yugoslav Communist leaders, Stalin was the indisputable head ofcommunism, but he was "puzzled as to why other communist
leadersвЂ• in this case, TitoвЂ• could not be praised if they deserved it from the Communist point of view. Focused on the unrealistic idealism of
communism, which emphasized cooperation between communist countries in order to achieve mutual advancement, Djilas did not understand that
states, and therefore the leaders of those states, were in a competition with one another. In realism, leaders must compete with each other to improve
their position at the international level. They push aside the cooperative nature of the Wilsonian era or Communism and act on self–interest in order to
protect their states, national interests, and struggle for power. This is the situation Djilas encountered when he went to Moscow to discuss Yugoslav
grievances with Stalin. This is the situation that sparked his doubts and subsequent disillusionment with the Soviet Union and its leader, whom he
regarded as the "reincarnation of an idea, transfigured in Communist minds into pure idea, and thereby into something infallible and

Bosnia And Herzegovina Research Paper
Bosnia and Herzegovina and its cultural differences
The people of Bosnia and Herzegovina have had a tremendous history. The diversity of its people is not unlike that of the United States. In the United
States there are many different cultures such as Hispanics, Germans, Italians, Jewish, Irish, and many more. These are the groups currently practicing
in Bosnia: Bosnian Serbs, Bosnian Croats, Orthodox Catholics, and some smaller groups. A majority of the Bosnian Serbs and Bosnian Croats are
Muslim. There are three different churches in the country from the early twelve hundreds. Islam made its mark on the culture around 1463 when the
Ottoman Turks overran the country. Most of the heritage in this country is based on a Slavic history... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Missions such as key leader engagements, as well as enlisting the help of the locals, to rebuild the country will benefit from understanding the people of
this country. Units who understand what key infrastructures need repair and that are most important to the local people can make leaps and bounds to
securing the trust of the locals. Knowing and accomplishing this will help to get the locals to participate in the elections and international aid
organization programs for the betterment of their country. Life in Bosnia and Herzegovina is a very tight knit and family oriented community.
Generations of families live together in the same home. Grandparents are usually being taken care of by their children. The grandparents in turn also
take care of the grandchildren so both of the parents can work. Amazingly enough this happens whether you are in the large metropolitan areas or in
the more rural villages. Whether the parents are working in the fields farming, or in a factory, or in an office, both parents have jobs. Rebuilding helps
bring about the jobs needed for the increasing the economy, lives of the people, and the

Slobo Dan Mos Research Paper
Slobodan MiloЕЎeviД‡s role in the destruction of Yugoslavia
Slobodan MiloЕЎeviД‡ was an instrumental part of the Yugoslav Wars, his actions were the greatest factors in the ethnic tensions sparking into an
all–out war. He used the Serbian media to great effect as he was able to change the Serbian people's option of the conflict to benefit his actions. Also
his influence over the Serbian people gave him unchecked authority with his internal actions.
Everything spiralled down after the Leader of Yugoslavia Marciall Tito died on the 4th of May 1980 and his iron grip on the peoples of Yugoslavia
disintegrated.
Slobodan MiloЕЎeviД‡ was assigned to handle some ethnic troubles in the Autonomous Region of Kosovo between the Albanians and the Serbs. The
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The goverents of the autonoums regions stepped down and were replaced with close allies of MiloЕЎeviД‡ giving him almost half of Yugoslavia.
MiloЕЎeviД‡s use of crowds was another of his methods for forcing his will and this was demonstrated ater that year MiloЕЎeviД‡ attempted to use
his Kosovoan Serbs to perform mass protests in Slovenia against Slovenia's changes to its constitution. Around 30,000–40,000 protestors were planded
to swarm the city of Ljubliana but were prevented from entering Slovenia by the Croats. This act also strengthened Croatia's involvement in the issue.
MiloЕЎeviД‡ effectively used propaganda during the Yugoslav Wars to manipulate the Serbian people into supporting his actions. One such case was
this image claiming to show a Serbian boy morning his family whom had been killed by Bosnian Muslims. In reality this is a 19th Century painting
depicting an orphan at his mother's grave. This control of the Serbian media ensured all of his activates were supported because of the mindset of
hatred and fear instated towards the Croats and Bosnaks thus adding to the growing

Examples Of Ethnic Cleansing
Butcher of the Balkans Imagine being in a place where your ethnicity could get you murdered. Not only murdered, but murdered in the most brutal,
tortuous, and agonizing way. If you were not murdered, you were most certainly threatened with the possibility, or other unthinkable actions; perhaps
toward your children or wife. Your ethnicity is being pushed out from their homes all over the country and forced to live in horrid conditions. Imagine,
all of your friends, family, and acquaintances of that same ethnicity living in constant fear that today could be their last day. What do you do? Run,
hide, or maybe fight? The forces committing these atrocities are much stronger and much more powerful than your people, and the human instinct for
survival is very strong, so it is logical to forgo fighting and run or hide instead. These dilemmas which seem surreal to most Americans... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are many other instances of ethnic cleansing throughout history, however, even with the idea being essentially as old as time, the term, "ethnic
cleansing," according to Gerard Toal and Carl Dahlman, "did not appear in the Western lexicon until it was quoted from an anonymous Western
diplomat in an April 15, 1992 article in The New York Times" (18). The term was being used to describe the actions of Slobodan MiloЕ
ЎeviД‡
between 1987 and 1997. The horrible crimes MiloЕЎeviД‡ committed against any non–Serbs around the Balkan Peninsula earned him the infamous
title of the "Butcher of the Balkans" (Cohen 22). MiloЕЎeviД‡'s reign of terror may be broken down into three main offices, the President of the
Presidency of the Socialist Republic of Serbia, the President of Serbia, and the President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. These three distinct
time periods brought about ever–increasing hardship and oppression for non–Serbs within the region, and each are definitive in MiloЕЎeviД‡'s
nationalist campaign for Serbs, with an eventual climax of evil of

The Bosnian Genocide Mass Killing

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The Bosnian Genocide Mass Killing