The Coming To Power Of The Communists In China In 1949 Essay

The Coming to Power of the Communists in China in 1949 Essay
The Coming to Power of the Communists in China in 1949
The leadership of China at the beginning of the 20th Century was very different to how it is today.
The Communists did not come to power without a long and bitter struggle against the many foes
that came across their path between the time of their creation, in 1921, and their eventual success in
1949.
The Double Tenth Revolution of 1911 overthrew the emperor of China, as he was only a child and
could not contain the ever–depleting condition of the nation. This happened before the creation of
the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), but if it had not occurred then the CCP may not have achieved
ultimate victory. If it had happened later in the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Both parties, although worlds apart, had a common foe that diminished the power the central
government had; these enemies were the warlords. The warlords were powerful men who ran
regions of China like independent nations. Each party on its own could not have defeated the
warlords, who had their own armies and vigilante police forces, therefore the two parties had to
team up and out their political views aside to defeat their adversaries.
After the success of the march north (1926), which saw all the warlords either defeated or
surrendering, the CCP and the Nationalists parting company in the bloodiest of fashions. The
Nationalists saw the return march through Shanghai as an opportunity to exterminate the ever–
growing CCP army. The Nationalist army was ordered by leader Chiang Kai–shek to kill as many
CCP soldiers as possible.
On face–value this may not seem like a reason for the eventual success of the CCP but the
remaining Communists – and vitally leader Mao Zedong – fled to the countryside regions and
formed their own state; the Jiangxi Soviet. The Communists in the Jiangxi area won the support of
the peasants by their many changes and vast improvements to the region. Peasants were all given an
equal share of land, and taxes on this land were lowered significantly. Other improvements to the
public
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The Communist Party And Its Influence On Chinese Citizens
I admittedly did not know very much about China outside of basic history overviews taught to me in
school. Like many other Americans today, the topic of China made me nervous. What about it that
caused this feeling I cannot say, whether it was the 'Made in China' tags found on so many of the
items I own, the thought of a government run by a Communist party, the sheer size of its population
that could be translated into military power, or all of the above. The general widespread concern that
Americans have is a bit easier to pinpoint: the thought of a Communist run country successfully
becoming a major world power. After learning more about China, its government, and its people, I
find it interesting just how many misconceptions I had about how life in China works. The way
Americans perceive the Communist Party and its influence on Chinese citizens is incredibly
different from the way they really work.
The first major misconception that I had was just what a Communist government means to today's
China. When Americans think of the term 'Communism,' the first things that spring to mind is
oppression and fear; the concept of 'red' Communist ideals maintained by Joseph Stalin. While it's
true that China did once have this kind of government under Mao Zedong, the current system is
quite different. The Communist Party is merely a party name, the same way Democrats and
Republicans are in America. The difference is that China is only under the one party's rule. The
country

Mao Zedong Of The Communist Party Of China
In the 1960's the Chairman of the Communist Party of China, Mao Zedong feared that China would
move too far in a revisionist direction with an emphasis on expertise rather than on ideological
purity as the Soviet model was doing. In response Mao gathered a group of radicals such as Defense
Minister Lin Biao to help him attack current party leadership to reassert the authority he had lost
during the recent economic crisis and the Great Leap Forward. In 1966, Mao launched the Great
Proletarian Cultural Revolution (1966 – 1976). The goal of the movement was to purify Chinese
society by upholdling only true Communist ideology. This was an attempt to revive the
revolutionary spirit that had led to victory in the civil war decades earlier and the formation of the
People's Republic of China. Mao claimed that bourgeois foundations had infiltrated the government
and society with the intentions of restoring capitalism. Mao believed that the current Communist
leaders were guiding China in the wrong direction and as a result he called the nation's youth to
purge capitalist and traditional fundamentals from Chinese society and re–impose Maoist thought in
their place. This lead to a violet class struggle, as China's youth responded to Mao's call by forming
Red Guard groups around the country. The movement was soon amplified to a class struggle on all
fronts as it spread into the military, the urban workers and even the Communist Party leadership.
President Liu Shaoqi and other Communist

Mao Zedong: Former Chairmen Of The Chinese Communist Party
Throughout history, the actions of leaders have altered the course of society and how people live
their everyday life for better or worse some examples being united states president Franklin Delano
Roosevelt An example of one such leader would be Mao Zedong, the former chairmen of the
communist party of china. This research paper is going to delve into the history of Mao and out how
he fought to rise to power along with the decisions he made and changes that were implemented and
how they impacted the nation of China along with the surrounding region and even society as a
whole. Mao Zedong or Mao Tse–tung was born on december 26, 1893 in Shaoshan, China. Mao was
born into a well off peasant family in the Hunan province during a time when ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Mao would become a major party figure around the 1920s and would become one of the major
twelve founders of the Chinese Communist Party or CCP. By the 1920s there were two dominant
political parties in china, the Guomintang who were created by Sun Yatsen and the Chinese
Communist Party. Early in the CCP's lifespan in 1923 they would enter an alliance with Guomintang
known as the United Front, the goal of the alliance was to end warlordism in China however the
GMT's priority was to eliminate the communists. Halfway through their expedition the GMT
initiated on the CCP, inciting a civil war known as the "White terror" an extermination that would
last from 1927 to 1939 crippling the CCP and nearly destroying them. Mao managed to survive by
taking his CCP forces to the Jiangxi province where they relied on guerrilla tactics which was called
the Autumn Harvesting Rising. Eventually the GMD would gain control of china but they're grasp
was weak and did not have much power. Beginning in 1935, which was dubbed as the Yanan years
Mao begun with purging opponents in the party similar to that of Stalin, and then began his strategy
of a peasant revolution. At the time peasants made of 80 percent of China's total

Deng Communist Leaders
"Mao and Deng Communist leaders"
Justin Batista CPA World History May 17, 2017
Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping were both very successful Communist leaders that the people of
China loved, but they both had their ups and downs. Mao Zedong was a Chinese Communist ruler
who was born in 1893 and died in 1976. He founded the China's Communist Party or CCP. Deng
Xiaoping was a first generation of the Communist leaders. Deng Xiaoping lived from 1904 to 1997.
He started to rule shortly after Mao died.
During the 1940s Mao and his army overthrew the Jieshi Nationalist's. They beat them because of
many reasons. The population of China loved the ideology of Communism at the time. Most of the
population ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He wanted to hold his communist view over the country. When protesters did not move Deng sent in
the military that killed thousands of protesters. This act of violence showed how far the communist
government would go to hold it's power over China. Mao had his problems too. From 1958 to 1961
Mao tried his movement of the "Great Leap Forward" . He created a commune system that had
thousands of villages to produce products such as food and building materials. But it did not work at
all and they produced stuff that was not useful. The weather was very bad at the time and caused
them to run short on food. Over 55 million people died because of the famine.
In conclusion Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping were both very successful Communist leaders that
the people of China loved, but they both had their ups and downs. Both leaders Mao and Deng were
both did some awful things during their runs as leaders of China. But overall Mao was the better
leader even though 55 million people died under his control. He originally helps China so much by
getting rid of Jieshi Nationalists. He improved the company and gave the peasants back their land.
He gave women more rights. Overall Mao had initially helped the people of China and had a good
run until the "Great Leap

The Leadership Of Zedong And The Communist Revolution Essay
China's success in the late 20th and early 21st century is attributed to the leadership of Mao Zedong
and the Communist Revolution. The growing influence of Western Nations. Chairman Mao and the
Communist Party evolved China from an agrarian society to an industrialized nation a short time
span through social programs like the Great Leap Forward and Five Year Plan eventually resulting
in a Cultural Revolution.
Dissatisfaction with the Chinese government began in the 19th century. The Qing dynasty, lasting
from 1644–1912 resiliently opposed imperialism and economically relied on agriculture. Because
China industrial advancement, the empire inexorably declined as the British army mobilized India
and pressured the Qing Empire into trade negotiations . Qing dynasty was overthrown in 1911 by
Dr. Sun Zhongshan, however, former Qing general Yuan Shiaki restored power and formed a
reactionary government with leaders often referred to as warlords with strict regulations on taxes,
increased poverty and vulnerability to industrialized nations. During the Warlord era, China joined
the allies in World War I with hopes to restore the Shandong province after its occupation by
Germany. In the end, Japan seized Shandong through a treaty with Britain causing widespread
protest in China. In reaction to protests, the Chinese Communist Party was founded in 1921 by
college students and intellectuals inspired by the Communist Party in the Soviet Union. The
Communist Party or CCP mimicked

Deng Xiaoping: The Second Communist Leader
Deng Xiaoping was known as the second communist leader of China. He politically was communist,
but economically capitalist. He turned a war torn china into one of the most prosperous nations in
only 35 years. He led China in the midst of social and institutional woes, and built it to the China we
know today. He was leader of China from 1978–1989. Deng Xiaoping was part of the government
and got involved in the Marxist revolution. His fellow members thought that he and a couple of
others were not Marxists at all and instead a nationalist. He was removed from office and
imprisoned during the Cultural Revolution. From 1966 to 1976 he was imprisoned and eventually
released.
He reemerged as the leader of China after the death of Mao Zedong In 1976.

Chinese Communist Party : The Mandate Of Heaven Essay
In China power was determined by the Mandate of Heaven for centuries. The Mandate of Heaven
was that if a leader was fulfilling his duty to his subjects then he should stay in power. People would
believe the Mandate of Heaven had changed to another ruler when that ruler would not properly
handle things like floods and famines. I ruler could keep power through floods and famines if he
was still seen to be fulfilling his duties as a leader. Even after the Mandate of Heaven went out of
practice in China, its basic concept remained. This concept was that a ruler would stay in power in
China if people thought the leaders were fulfilling their duties. In other words, a leader's tenure
depended on his relationship with the people. The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) was engaged in
the daily lives of the average Chinese peasants, while the Chinese Nationalist Party, Guomindang
(GMD), and their leader, Chiang Kai–Shek focused more on maintaining power then improving
China for everyday people. The day to day involvement of the CCP in the life of peasants in China,
and the GMD ignoring the needs of the everyday Chinese was the major force that drove the GMD
out of power and helped the CCP gain control of China. To even begin to understand politics in 20th
century in China one must first look at World War I and its effects on China socially and
intellectually. In spring of 1919 an event called the May Fourth Movement took place. The event
was a group of student protesting how China was

The Communist Soviet Union and Faith in God
Do all things pass with time? Can man's purpose change? The rise of secular society made these
questions central in public life. Man up to this point in time had always been oriented by faith
towards something beyond the material world. Now men asked if faith is dispensable, can
something in the world take the place of God? While secularism claims that man does not need
faith, that belief only blinds him to real, scientific, truth in the world, this does not seem to be the
case in practice. Whittaker Chambers saw the reality of a secular culture that made such claims
firsthand. He rejected it himself, and saw how it would always be rejected in the end by mankind.
Russell Kirk saw what would become of man should he reject the purpose handed down from his
ancestors, the evil that would result from throwing away tradition. The Communist Soviet Union
was the perfect example of secular society. Communism denies faith in God, denies that anything
beyond the material world matters at all. If man must have faith, he should trust in his country and
mankind in general. Logically, this seems like it would make for a better nation. If patriotism is the
highest virtue in man, then the country should be elevated by his reverence for it alone. The
problems in Communist countries come from a returning belief in God that breaks down the
Communist system. As all Communist systems so far have failed, the question is whether man's
faith can be wholly transferred from God to the state. If it

Mao Zedong Of The Chinese Communist Party
The world has changed a lot since the formation of the Chinese Communist Party in 1949. From a
nation, which was barely living during the beginning of Mao Zedong's reign to a country that boasts
the second largest economy in the world. The People's Republic of China, as learned from class,
experienced hardships that most newly established country. Solidifying the legitimacy of the newly
established Communist Party, securing the leadership position, and pulling people from the grave
and encouraging them to become productive citizens that will help the country to grow.
Mao Zedong was successful in accomplishing the most difficult part in forming China, help
defeating the Japanese and end the 100 years of humiliation and unifying China under ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
He had a hands–on experience of what China was before (during the Cultural Revolution) and how
it has evolved from that point. We are living in an epoch where there's no single hegemonic power.
Where each state pull its weight and international organizations exist to support and ensure that it
stays that way. China is one example of a country that was left and considered insignificant
(economically) a few decades ago and now leads the world. A nation that tremendously denounced
globalization is the country that mostly benefits from it. The US however, is moving towards the
opposite. Instead of embracing globalization trade agreements that promote it, one example is the
TPP. Under the current Trump administration, the US officially closed its doors from further
participation with the said agreement. This of course, benefits China. While whatever China does
right now can be taken as aggression and bullying of smaller nations, we can all agree that China's
action is far from surprising, but in actuality, is an expected consequence of a rising nation. The fact
is that we are not used to probable change in status quo, China's rise in power may bring. We've
been living in the current boundaries established since WWII and the possibility of that changing
frightens anyone, especially the one who may be directly affected. Security dilemma occurs
whenever a new power

Propaganda In Communist China
Mao's use of propaganda was key in convincing his citizens that communism is the best, and that the
Chinese are all powerful. In communist China, Mao and the government felt that the use of
propaganda would strengthen the unity within China. In his country, there were a wide variety of
different people in different economic situations. Therefore, Mao decided that posters would be the
most effective mean of spreading the message he wanted every citizen to hear. Columbia
University's website about Asian Revolutions in the twentieth century does a fantastic job of
describing why posters were used as the primary source of propaganda. The selection titled, "Posters
and the Revolutionary Message," states, "Newspapers and magazines were not of much

The Portrayal Of Women 's Crime And Punishment And The...
The Portrayal of Women in Crime and Punishment and the Communist Manifesto Women are
discussed and or portrayed in both "Crime and Punishment" by Fyodor Dostoevsky and "The
Communist Manifesto" by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. In "Crime and Punishment" there are
several female characters, many of which play large roles in the main characters' story. However,
women are only mentioned a few times in "The Communist Manifesto", but it is essential to the
point the authors are trying to convey. Each of these literatures see women and different ways, some
more positive, negative, and or diverse. Nonetheless, I believe both pieces of literature see women
as vital or essential aspects of society.
The Communist Manifesto tries to explain the goals of communism as well as the theory behind it.
It focuses on how class struggles and the oppression of one class by another are a problem. Women
are not mentioned throughout the book except for when the bourgeois are discussed. Marx and
Engels state," The less the skill and exertion of strength implied in manual labour, in other words,
the more modern industry becomes developed, the more is the labour of men superseded by that of
women. Differences of age and sex have no longer any distinctive social validity for the working
class. All are instruments of labour, more or less expensive to use, according to their age and sex"
(pg. 73). The communist are worried that as modern industry grows the work required could be done
by women and

The Chinese Communist Revolution
The Chinese Communist Revolution succeeded to dispose of capitalism and imperialism. The
Communists and the Nationalists started their fight in the 1920s; however, Japanese invasions
forced the two sides to formulate a temporary truce to battle off the Japanese at the time of World
War Two. During the war, the Nationalist Army started to fade and weaken while the Communists
grew and prospered because strong guerilla tactics helped the Communists dominate against the
opposition (Schaff, 2009). At the time, China was managed by European countries who took no
action against the Japanese occupation, and so, China economically began collapsing. Zedong used
the war to his advantage as an opportunity to see how strong his reign over the army was.
Ultimately, Chairman Mao Zedong led the Communist Party to victory over the Nationalists to form
the People's Republic of China (Young, 2001). Social and economic ailments and the unfair
treatment of peasants gave rise to the communist revolution in China, which resulted in the
destruction of the economy and a tilt to the balance of authority between the Western powers and
Communists.
The Communist Party was first formed to dispose of the warlords who were preventing China from
establishing a strong central government as well as the dangerously increasing population. The
massive growth of the population did more than impoverish the country as a whole:
"Economic growth naturally had its social and political effects. These were evident in

Communists Won The Civil War
Communists won the Civil War for the following reasons; The Communists had a well thought out
plan and knew how to gain the support of the people.
Their Tactics. The Nationalist tactics played into the hands of the Communists who were able to
make the most of the position they found themselves in at the end of the Second World War.
Support from outside. The Nationalists received funding from America but didn 't put this to
particularly good effect: much of the weaponary being captured by the Communists at a relatively
early stage. The Communists received military aid and guidance from the Soviet Union which was
measured, realistic and effective.
The People. In most parts of China, the Communists were able to win the suport of the majority of
the local population. This was a massive advantage when advancing into territories.
Mao Zedong leader of the (CDC) advocated guerrilla fighting which he said is "a powerful special
weapon with which we resist the Japanese and without which we cannot defeat them. And it can
only succeed if employed by revolutionaries because it is a political and military style. guerrilla
warfare is a way for the Chinese to expel an intruder that has more arms, equipment, and troops.
Where the industrial nations stressed such tangible military factors such as arms, logistics and
manpower; Mao focused on the intangibles which are time, space and will. Not being able to fight a
well– equipped army in the field, Mao avoided battles by giving territory to the

Marx, Mill And Freud 's Critique Of Political Economy And...
Describe and assess the explicit (and sometimes merely implicit) notions of freedom and unfreedom
we find in the texts we have read by Marx, Mill and Freud. Use the esoteric traditions we have
examined thus far (from the Book of Job to Plato) as a comparative yardstick, or point of reference,
but without letting them take over the foreground in your paper –– the latter should be reserved for
these three figures. Karl Marx, Sigmund Freud, and John Stuart Mill are three authors who tackle
the topic of freedom in unique ways, but their messages are fundamentally the same and continue
the ideas that we encountered in the esoteric texts as well as in The Matrix: . First, we have Karl
Marx's Capital: Critique of Political Economy and The Communist Manifesto, where we encounter
the proletariat, or the working–class people regarded collectively. In these two texts, the latter of
which was co–authored by Frederick Engels, we learn that the proletariat is enslaved just like the
people in the matrix. And just like the people in the matrix, the proletariat is oblivious to this limit
on its freedom. That is why in Karl Marx's view, unfreedom is what we are living in now. According
to him, many people think that abolishing private property through communism is what will infringe
on our freedom, but that is not the case. Specifically, in The Communist Manifesto Marx states,
"You are horrified at our intending to do away with private property. But in your existing society,
private

Class Conflict In The Communist Manifesto
The Communist Manifesto is strongly influenced by the history of class struggle and social
differences throughout history. Marx said that history is only a timeline of class struggle, set apart
from the change in style of production. The book is about the conflict between the Proletariat and
the Bourgeois, the troubled and the bully. However, this is not a new idea and Marx is really not all
that radical. Aristotle wrote, "Those who have too much of the goods of fortune, strength, wealth,
friends and the like, are neither willing nor able to submit to authority." On the other hand, the very
poor, who are in the opposite extreme, are too damaged. As Marx says in the book, modern history
is the demonstration of centuries of a system that was and still is built on the delicate balance of
discrimination. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is a time period marked by a hierarchy of ranks and sub ranks. These positions were inherited and
binding for the duration of someone's life bar any incredible circumstance. These ranks were also
marked specifically by wealth. In this time period serfdom, a system in which peasants worked land
that was owned by a wealthy member of the nobility was the standard. The very difference of
classes was what the wealthy had; what they wore, where they lived, and how they lived. The
countryside was marked by sets of independent villages with the noble's manor at the center.
According to Marx serfdom was a step above slavery for the people were laboring but not benefiting
from that labor. Serfs were considered the property of the landowner. Landsmen expresses it well
when he says, The dependent class consists of poor free people who attach themselves to the strong
men for protection, and in return acknowledge his

A Comparative Perspective Of Post Communist Transition
A Comparative Perspective of Post–Communist Transition in China and Russia
The similarities between Russia and China are well known and can be quickly summarised. These
are countries with huge territories and population. Both have recent experience of dictatorial
communist rule. Both now function in a manner that fails to match up to an ideal model of
democracy. And of course, during the past generation both societies have been energetically engaged
in a radical economic transition, moving away from state capitalism and towards a free–market
economy. But despite these parallels, the economic achievements of the two countries are drastically
different–at least in the public perception, and especially so in the minds of investors. Economically
booming China is viewed as a spectacular success story, while slowly progressing Russia is
typically seen as a relative failure.
At the very outset of the transition the Russian and Chinese leaders took radically different paths, at
a different time, and from different starting points.
China introduced an early, slow and progressive market reforms. By now China has accumulated
substantial experience of operating in the contemporary global market. In contrast, the early
attempts by Gorbachev at reform during the 1980s in Russia were remarkably ineffectual, even
though at the time 'glasnost' and 'perestroika' were fashionable Western talking points. The fact is
that the Russian transition only started in the early 90s, whereas China's

How Did China Become Communist
How did China become Capitalist and Communist?
China became a communist country with the rise in power of Mao Zedong. After the fall of the
dynasty in 1911, and the second civil war in 1949, the communist party took over China. The
country took the ideologies of Confucianism, in a way that the government should be rigid, and
violence should be used for punishment in order for everyone to behave. When Mao came in power
he decided to start what was called "The Great Leap forward", this consisted in everyone in china to
live in commutes and mass produce steel. This backfired, caused many deaths related to work or
famine. Families were forced to give up all their riches and live in squalid conditions. People were
too busy trying to meet their ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He decided to keep China as a communist country, while using socialist ideas to improve economy
and lifestyle. To fix the problem of agriculture and communal farms, Deng allowed families to own
small amounts of farmland, resulting in the growth of food. He also improved technology in rural
areas to facilitate the productuction of crops. For industries, he convinced other countries to lease
land so that China could build plants. Used loans to drill for oil, built tourist sites, hotels, and
airports to increase tourism and revenue. Deng also sent students to learn abroad, and later brought
them back and paid them to teach China new views and ideas (especially for science and
technology). He improved military, updated and slowly expanded the armed forces. Lastly to control
population there was a restriction of how many offsprings a family could have. This pulled out a
large group of the community out of poverty, and made a lot of Chinese people Billionaires. China is
now known as the Factory of the world, and the economy is rapidly increasing, predicted to surpass
America in a few years. This ideas of Communism and Capitalism are what created the China that
we know

The Communist Manifesto, By Karl Marx And Friedrich Engels
"All written history is the history of class struggles" (Marx). In the year 1848, Karl Marx and
Friedrich Engels decided to publish a manifesto after sitting down and sharing ideas for a period of
time. Today, that piece of writing is known as The Communist Manifesto. In this book, Marx, the
principal author stated that escaping from alienation required a revolution. That was the only
possible way in which a political as well as a social change could have been seen. Therefore, Marx'
theory implied the use of violence. In addition, there was another individual, who argued that
violence could be justified to gain independence, the one and only way to be free. Fanon's theory on
violence was very obvious and precise: "violence is the means by which the oppressed must gain
freedom." On the contrary, Gandhi understood the use of violence totally different. "If the history of
the universe had commenced with wars, not a man would have been found alive to–day." Although
Marx and Fanon agreed that the use of violence is necessary and can always be justified, Gandhi
intended to prove that nonviolence can lead a country to democracy. First of all, it is almost
impossible to watch the news, or read an article on the newspaper without encountering the word
violence in it. Karl Marx, main author of The Communist Manifesto and Frantz Fanon who wrote
The Wretched of the Earth argued that the use of violence is always present and unavoidable. In the
book Colonial Voices, the first chapter

Essay about Karl Marx's Communist Manifesto
Karl Marx's Communist Manifesto
Faith and Reason
Communism can seem very desirable. "It argued a world without war, in which the meek and the
disadvantaged would share without distinction, the anticipated material and spiritual abundance
generated by advanced."(Gregor 19) This seems as though it would be the ideal form of government
but in reality it is far from that. I will tell you about three of the most powerful communist countries
of the twentieth century. The countries that I am talking about are the Soviet Union, or Russia as it is
called today, the Peoples Republic of China, and Cuba.
Communism is a theory that states that society should own all property. There should be no private
ownership ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The entire economic status of the Soviet Union was now controlled by the government. Also, all
private ownership ended. There were no exceptions. Along with this, a large industrialization
program was started and the Soviet Military was being strengthened. The Soviet Union was now
considered a "super power" and only the United States was more powerful.
Then in 1953, after the death of Stalin, Nikita Khrushchev became the First Secretary of the
Communist party. This was a very different time than that of Stalin. People were given a say in the
government. A very small say but it was still a say. Also, the judicial branch of the government
stopped their rampage against threats to the communist party and gave better chances for defendants
to defend themselves. Khrushchev focused more on the individual, attempting to make food more
available, making goods easier to come by, and providing more housing. Also, leadership was
decentralized so that owners and managers had an easier time running their businesses. Soon after
this he was kicked out of office for a couple of reasons. The first was due to a shortage of dairy and
grain product. Also, there was extreme turmoil in the communist party at this time. The next leader
of Soviet communism was Leonid Brezhnev. He took office in October of 1964. Under this new
leader the government was centralized, again. During this time there was an unstable

Mao And Me: Comparing Leadership Experience With A Communist
Mao and Me:
Comparing Leadership Experiences with a Revolutionary Communist
Christopher N. Myers
University of Tennessee – Knoxville
Mao Tse–Tung or Mao Zedong, as his name is often anglicized, came from humble beginnings. He
was born on December 26, 1893 in Shaoshan, China to a poor peasant farmer. After quitting
numerous jobs, Mao took a job at the Peking University Library in 1917. While there, Mao would
be introduced to and transformed by the works of Marx, Engels, and Lenin. After hearing of the
success of the Bolshevik's October Revolution, Mao would steadily develop an interest in seeing
communism flourish in his own country. Mao began to participate in protests and in 1921, when the
Communist Party of China was formed, Mao opened a bookstore from which he might spread
revolutionary literature. Mao would eventually join the CPC and take the position of party secretary.
In late 1924, Mao returned to Shaoshan to recuperate from an illness. During this time, he noticed
the increasing restlessness of the peasants. Some of the peasantry had even gone so far as to seize
land from wealthy landowners and to form communes. Mao realized that the great numbers of
China's peasantry could be utilized to launch a revolution. In secret, Mao began teaching peasants
the communist literature.
Over the next few years, Mao would be ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After realizing the Red Army would be unable to defeat the Japanese alone, he made peace with his
former enemy Chiang–Sek and together they drove the Japanese out of China. Mao cleverly allowed
the KMT to take on the most casualties during the vicious war against the Japanese. While they
were vulnerable, Mao resumed the civil war, turning on the KMT, besieging the city of Changchun,
and starving the KMT forces within. Chiang–Sek fled to Taiwan and the last opposition to Mao's
complete power in China was

The Development Of The Communist Manifesto In The European
The development of the communist manifesto in the European region has led to the influencing of
the different structures present in the area. The communist manifesto has resulted in the formation of
holy alliances in the European region. It is due to the effects of the Manifesto that Marx developed
the journal to address the issue. The importance of this journal is to highlight the sociological
problems that have resulted from the manifesto. The fact that the manifesto has been highlighted by
the European powers to be a force that influences the activities conducted in the region. This paper
thus seeks to highlight important aspects that will be incorporated in the analysis of the communist
manifesto developed by Marx and its significance ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Through bourgeoisie, which incorporated the serfs and the middle ages, there were developed cities
in the ancient times that have developed to be the modern day cities. It is from the effects of
communism that America was discovered and the rounding of the Cape (Marx, & Fredrick, 4). This
in return provided an opportunity for the growth and development of the bourgeoisie. In line with
the journal, the communist manifesto also brought about the development of the markets in the far
Asian regions of China. This accelerated industrialization in the region due to the need to increase
production of finished goods for the general population.
As a result of the population pressure witnessed in the European region, industrial developments
were monopolized and thus their production was insufficient to cater for the ever–growing
population pressure in the European region. It was due to this that there was the need to
revolutionize machinery to cater for the production. This led to the improvements if the type of
engines from steam engines to modern systems of machinery that would produce sufficient goods
for the public. The development of modern forms of the market as described by Marx led to the
establishment of the global markets. The market developed was grown by the rapid developments
witnessed in commerce, formal means of communication through land and the improvements in the
navigation

Essay on The Communist Manifesto
The Communist Manifesto
Marx describes the problem in great detail in the first chapter. He feels there is a problem between
the bourgeoisie and the proletarians. The bourgeoisie were the oppressed class before the French
Revolution and he argues that they are now the oppressors. The proletarians are the new working
class, which works in the large factory and industries. He says that through mass industry they have
sacrificed everything from the old way of religion, employment, to a man's self worth and replaced
it with monetary value. He is mad that the people of ole that use to be upper class such as skills man,
trades people, & shopkeepers, are now slipping into the proletarians or working class. He ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He begins trying to use a sort of a reverse psychology, by saying the communists do not write their
principles specifically for the proletarians. Rather, just by chance, the communist vision is perfect
for the proletarians to use. He said the problem of all other societies before this time have been a
battle between the oppressors versus the oppressed. The basis of these battles has been property. So
Communism looks to get rid of different classes in society. Therefore getting rid of different
property levels or class levels. Marx says it best by "In sense, the theory of the Communists may be
summed up in the single sentence: Abolition of private property." He says with no private property
there will be no reason to fight or feud.
I think that this is a very good hypothesis put in front of us by Karl Marx and Frederick Engels.
They do a superb job of explaining the problem with the existing government. They also give a
vehicle for change in the next chapter. So its seems that I should be ready for a communist
revolution. The problem with this is that it is just a good hypothesis. As with all hypothesis's they
must be tested and the communist hypothesis has failed most of its tests. I must hand it to Mr. Marx,
since I was born and raised in a very anti–communist country and after reading two chapters in his
book I was almost ready to join him. He is a

The era of Communist China and the Cultural Revolution
The era of Communist China and the Cultural Revolution (1949–1976) marked a significant period
in the history of China. Ongoing conflict between the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the
Nationalist Party, Kuomintang (KMT), led to the Chinese Civil War (1945–1949). In 1949, the CPC,
who allied closely with the Soviet Union, defeated the Nationalist Party and took control of
mainland China. CPC's leader Mao Zedong established the People's Republic of China which is also
commonly known today as Communist China ("History of China").
Mao Zedong and the CPC supported socialism and Marxism–Leninist theories. Mao realized the
need for social reconstruction and adopted the Soviet model for development. Despite the technical
and economic problems ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Mao requested that films should serve politics and be accessible to workers, peasants and soldiers
(Lim and Ward 88). He sought films to represent class struggle and coincide with major dates in
China's recent history so that larger audiences could become more educated and also identify with
and join forces with his revolutionary spirit. In an effort to promote industrialization, factories,
mines, villages and military camps replaced domestic, private and personal spaces as preferred
settings. Films dramatized ideological conflicts as black–and–white and in correlation with purely
good and bad characters and typically ended in triumph of public over private in order to instill a
sense of "contributing directly to the revolutionary war or socialist construction" (Zhang 203). The
CPC used film as a way of demonstrating the attractiveness of its culture.
A major breakthrough occurred in 1956 when Mao announced a new policy to terminate the Film
Bureau's centralized control of screenplay production and allow studios and writers to produce their
own. This relaxed the number of regulations filmmakers had to follow and expanded the subject
matter that could be portrayed. For example, Xie Jin's Woman Basketball Player No. 5

The Secret World Of China's Communist Rulers Summary
"The Party: The Secret World Of China's Communist Rulers," by Richard McGregor is a book
which provides detailed insight into the Communist Party of China, revealing many of the secret
underpinnings of how the party is run, and explores the question of how they have continued to stay
in power for so long. While other strong socialist powers, such as the Soviet Union and Eastern
Germany, fell at the end of the 20th century, the CPC was able to stay in control and ultimately
come out of that period even stronger. In McGregor's own words "the party picked itself up off the
ground, reconstituted its armor and reinforced its flank. Somehow, it has outlasted, outsmarted,
outperformed, or simply outlawed its critics, flummoxing the pundits who have predicted its demise
at numerous junctures." Instead of letting its own ideologies weaken its power, the CPC has
continually adapted and transformed its policies and goals in order to maintain their stronghold over
the nation. Through his impressive list of Chinese scholars and political contacts, McGregor is able
to lay out the fundamental workings inside the Chinese government and the impressive actions
they've taken to remain such a powerful organization. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He shows how the party has a strong emphasis on unity within the elite, by concentrating most of
their political power within the hands of the few. He goes on to highlight the fact that there is
enduring stress on secrecy within these top leaders, and is impressed with their ability to maintain
their political institutions and authoritarian powers, while foregoing their old Maoist leadership
styles. One example he uses is while they have opted for a capitalist economy, they are still heavily
focused on maintaining their state–run

Effects Of Communist Manifesto On Human Values
The Effects of Karl Marx's Communist Manifesto on Human Values
What was it like living in the times before the Communist Manifesto was introduced to society?
What kind of affect did this document have on the values of the average family? How did it
influence the values of the individual? Sometimes these values where affected in a way that does not
come directly from the release of the Manifesto but instead vicariously through other events brought
on by the document. Overall, an interesting topic to look at is what it meant to be human in the
1840's. France is representative of European nations at that time. Through France, the effects of the
Communist Manifesto on human values are evident.
In order to understand how people ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Likewise, "many of the old workers had been thrown out of employment,"3 and these numbers only
grew into the year of 1848. In a way Marx talks about this problem in the Communist Manifesto. In
this document, Marx introduced his idea to incorporate socialism into the government before
communism. This is mainly because socialism "would prepare the way by nationalizing the 'means
of production' and putting them under the control of those he viewed as the sole producers of
wealth: the workers."4 This would take the control out of the hands of the wealthy and it would be
given to those people that had been the poorest in the previous years. His goal was to get the
common people to have a changed view of work once they started to be in charge of the producing
of goods. This way, there would be no rich and no poor, only economic equality would result.
Marx was intent on the subject of human change. Marx was often confronted with the charge that he
was trying to change human nature. However, his rebuttal was that "human nature [had] changed
many times in the past,"5 and that it was possible to change it again. He acknowledged that it would
have to be a gradual change, but it was able to change. After all, we as humans "are products of our
environment, particularly of the economic system in which we live."6 The government and its
actions do

Karl Marx And Friedrich Engels 's Communist Manifesto
In 1840s Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels wrote Communist Manifesto. Marx and Engels wrote this
document due to being members of the "Communist Leagues." The Communist Manifesto was a
very influential document after the Industrial Revolution. With the industrial class increasing this
document was published to end class social. Because of the rise of industries, workers have to leave
their previous work and work at industries, workers ' health will be affected when they live near the
cities, their communities will be change and will not be the same as they use to be, and proletariat
have to move to a different country where they could call it home. When Industries are rising, many
people become a proletariat for the industries who were replaced by machines .They use to farm a
large area around the village and each of the field are the responsible of the people who live around
the village. But, now that industries are rising, some of those people are force out of their homes and
live to a nearby industry. Because new technologies are being develop that helps farming and
increase production, those people who left their previous home are now looking for work just to
keep on living. Because of the new technologies are being used, workers are forced to breathe to
unclean air. The industries are producing an unhealthy environment to the workers and causing lots
of sickness to the workers. Because of the rise in industries, workers are forced to work on those
conditions just to earn

Essay on The Implementation of the 1949 Communist Program...
The Implementation of the 1949 Communist Program in China Before I answer this question I think
that I should analyze all the things that communist have done in favor of China and things that have
caused problems for them. Then it will make it easier to interpreter the question apposed so I can see
clearly how successful or unsuccessful they were.
Mao Zedong made a speech on October 1st 1949 stating everything that the Chinese communist
party should accomplish. By going through the list I can see what they have actually done and what
they haven't. The first thing that Mao said is that 'The people's Republic of China strives for
independence.' If I look ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I think that peace is another thing that Mao said would be accomplished that was. There now is a
greater understanding of the West and in a way they trust them a lot more than they used to. An
example of peace brought out by China is 'The Korean War' which took place in the 1950's and 'The
Vietnam War' in the 1960's. I think the reason China has found peace is mainly due to the people
being more comfortable with China and the government not being as strict. Although China is very
strict on numerous things it is not as bad as it used to be. The Chinese has also attained unity, I think
this has happened because China has been held together and has stayed like that without parts of it
leading off and becoming separate. It has held down the minorities and separatists. China has stayed
as one and hasn't collapsed into different states. The county itself has gained unity from communism
because communism is all about the growth of the country and making improvements, which I think
it has achieved.
China has definitely gained prosperity as it has managed to overcome all the problems that it has
previously faced. Some of these include the failure of early economic plans and the boom of the 80's
and 90's with Dengs '4 M's'. Both of these problems were overcome reasonable quickly by the

The American And Chinese Communist Revolutions
As in all revolutionary movements, there are many accelerators that work to transform the countries
they involve. Correspondingly, there were many causes that started both the American and Chinese
Communist revolutions, some being similar and some being different. One of the main causes of the
revolutions was that they both were inspired by the Enlightenment. This factor made both wars and
their outcomes more intellectually based rather than physically. Another main accelerator that forced
the people to fight for a change in their government was due to an unpopular method of rule. In both
China and America, the forms of government previous to their revolutions and extreme political
changes were despised among a majority of the commonplace ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
An important consequence was that the colonies developed a burgeoning hostility towards Great
Britain. The most critical repercussion was the occurrence of the American Revolution. In China,
Chiang–Kai Shek's nationalist government was allowing a number of Chinese citizens in the
Manchurian region to be put in danger by not protecting them from Japanese invasions. Mao
Zedong, China's first communist leader, was angered by this and forced the entire nationalist
bureaucracy out of the country and into Taiwan. This resulted in the reformation of China into the
People's Republic of China, and the Communist Revolution of 1949 transpired.
The commencements of the American Revolution and the Chinese Communist Revolution both had
their beginnings in new Enlightenment thinking of the 1700s, often called, "The Age of Reason".
The Enlightenment promoted the thought, "that humanity could be improved through rational
change." In China, Karl Marx's new Enlightenment ideas of social equality and no private property
were the main inspirations of Mao Zedong's political thinking. Introduced in his theory, Marx
believed that capitalism, "an economic system in which investment in and ownership in the means
of production, distribution, and exchange of wealth is maintained chiefly by private individuals",
was unstable and that in order to prevent a revolution, private property and social classes,
maintained by private wealth through capitalism, needed to be eliminated.

The Effects of the Communists’ Policies Towards Women on...
This investigation will cover women's participation in the Long March, the People's Republic of
China Constitution in 1949, Mao's policies for foot binding, the 1950 Marriage Law, and women's
increased participation in society. I will analyze journal articles and books from Western and Asian
authors to evaluate various historians' views on Communists' policies towards women and the
effects they had on Communists' rise to power. Kellee Tsai's Women and the state in post–1949 rural
China and John King Fairbank's "The Great Chinese Revolution: 1800–1985" are two of the
principle sources and will be evaluated.
Part B: Summary of Evidence
Women's Participation in Long March
Mao's uprising in Hunan, known as the Long March, allowed women ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The increasing number of women participating in production in turn promoted economic equality
between men and women (Korabik 1). The Constitution additionally created reforms in marriage
laws, abolishing traditions such as concubines, polygamy, and arranged marriages (Korabik 1).
Policies for Foot Binding
Prior to the Communists' rise to power in 1949, traditions such as foot binding and other traditional
Confucian beliefs were dominant throughout China, portraying a feudal society (Korabik 1). The
tradition of foot binding symbolized high sexual standard; unbound feet represented a lower sexual
standard of living (Fairbank 27). Additionally, foot binding kept women in the house, promoting
chastity as the women stayed home, as well as the superiority of men who worked in the fields and
industries (Fairbank 70). However, after Mao took over, foot binding was abolished, resulting in no
more broken and crushed bones, crippled women, or pain (Lewis 59).
1950 Marriage Law
Mao's goal of communism was to destroy feudal ideas including abuses against women and the
traditional extended family (mother and daughter in–laws) (Tsai 493). Marriages in China during the
20th century helped with the transformation from feudalism to socialism due to the 1950 Marriage
Law that Mao created (Hershatter 991). A goal of communism was also to eliminate Confucian
traditions, which

The Chinese Communist Party And The Peasant Class
The Chinese Communist Party took control of the government in 1949, after defeating the
Nationalist party and its un–communist policies, laws, and views. During this time period WWII
was also going on bringing with it new ideas and technologies that changed China for better or
worse. With this change the peasant class experienced a major shift in rights, power, and influence.
The Chinese Communist Party and the peasant class between circa 1925 and circa 1950 had a
relationship that greatly benefited both sides, the Chinese Communist Party empowered the peasants
and advocated for social and economic equality which strengthened the anti–japanese viewpoint and
instilled a sense of nationalism. The Chinese Communist Party shaped and reinforced

Deng Xiaoping, Chinese Communist Leader
Deng Xiaoping, Chinese communist leader, who considered as one of the most significant and
influential leaders in Chinese history during 20 century. He joined Chinese Communist Party in the
early age and served as a political officer in the party. However, he was purged from the communist
party during the Cultural Revolution, which because his ideology was not praised by Mao Zedong.
By 1977, he returned to the party and became the most powerful leader in People Republic of China
from 1970s until his death in 1997. Deng Xiaoping's life had been ups and downs over the sixty
years in China. His ideology and philosophy for making a great nation definitely changed along with
his experiences during these years. There are total three stages ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Time moves to 1970s, where Deng returned to the Party and after the death of Mao Zedong. Deng
speaks about the future of China and how people should achieve to that. In the document of 24.1,
Deng said: "Many comrades have not yet set their brains going, in other words, their ideas remain
rigid or partly so. That's isn't because they are not good comrades. It is a result of specific historical
conditions" (494). Deng believes that many of the Party members are still remain the "old ideas" and
unable to change their mind because of the fear of being isolate by others and the hesitation of what
is right and wrong under the leadership of Mao. Base on the Mao's communist ideas, Deng moves
forward and encourages people to think independently and speak out: "When everything has to be
done by the book, when thinking turns rigid and blind faith is the fashion, it is impossible for a party
or a nation to make progress" (495). This indicates that Deng belief that these old ideas as Mao
Zedong's thoughts during the Cultural Revolution would not work for the development of China in
the future. Thus, he believes people should be open–minded to the science, art and technology and
seek the truth to achieve modernization of China. The third stage of Deng's ideology is that China
should be an open country that putting the emphasis on capital industry and agriculture together.
Economic development is one of

Why Was The Nep Unpopular With Communists
Explain why the NEP was unpopular with many communists in the 1920's USSR.
The NEP, abbreviation for the 'New Economic Policy', was a number of policies deployed by
Vladimir Lenin to improve the conditions of post war USSR. The NEP replaced the system of War
Communism which was used between 1918 and 1921. The main motive for the War Communism
policy was to support and supply the Red Army with food and weapons during the Russian Civil
War. However, after the war the country was in turmoil and the majority of the Soviet Union's
population suffered hardship and poverty. This was when a quick solution was needed to revamp the
Russian economy and the NEP policies were the solution. The NEP was made to balance the needs
of the well of and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Other European countries used much more modernised equipments. However, the NEP does not
encourage this modernisation which could in fact dramatically improve the country's economy.
Grain export was the most important source for their agriculture yet the exports were three fourth
lower than it was a decade ago. This left the Russian economy to be far behind in modernisation
than any other European countries. Modernisation was pivotal as it can enhance a country's strength
in many ways. Most importantly, it would help support Russia's military at a time where an invasion
to any European country could be foreseen. The Communists were afraid of this, since they were
prone to any invasion with their weapons being out of date. The Communists felt they should be a
major industrialization powerhouse against other European rivals such as Germany however the
NEP would make the country even more vulnerable.
Moreover, peasant realised feeding themselves is more important than buying insignificant
consumer goods. So, they held grain for themselves and the grain export seems to have been
abandoned. A system scale of individual peasant farming under the NEP couldn't support plans for
industrialisation and the Communists were out of favour for this plan and so, the current NEP policy
needs to be replaced by a more vigorous and rapid one.
Developing the Russian economy would further be significant as there was an increase in
unemployment. The idleness was

Essay about History of Religion in Communist Cuba
History of Religion in Communist Cuba
Introduction:
The evolution of religion in Cuba, after Castro's insurrection in 1959, has included much
suppression by its proclaimed atheist, communistic government. There are several reasons that
account for why this suppression has occurred, coupled by a recent trend (beginning in the late
1980s) of a religious revival, and more importantly, a growing Christian population within Cuban
society. This growing spirituality can be attributed to many aspects of the Cuban economy and
society. Also, it is important to observe how Castro's negation of religious and human rights was
perceived by Pope John Paul II during his pilgrimage to Cuba in January of 1998. The suppression
which has existed ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Spiritual Hunger Existing in Modern–Day Cuba:
This trend has often been considered a reflection of the economic hardships being suffered
throughout Cuba, and it has even been deemed a "spiritual crisis". Disillusioned Cubans are
desperately searching for means of gaining political and civil rights and religion is the driving force
behind this momentum. This new trend is described by author John W. Kennedy when he says,
"After nearly four decades of unrealized communist dreams, Cubans are ripe for change. There is a
spiritual hunger in the land, a void that Marxism has been unable to fill." Cubans turn to religion
(and more specifically the Catholic Church) because it is an autonomous institution, outside Castro's
regime that can offer them aid, and solutions for how to better their lives. Cubans' calls for help have
been addressed by many Catholic churches. These institutions are now, (after Castro has subsided
some of his suppressive policies) allowed to distribute daily necessities such as medicine, food, and
health care free of cost. This is however, ultimately beneficial for Castro because it relieves some of
the pressure which has been inflicted on the state of Cuba. This growing necessity for religion that
began amidst a long history of suppression realizes its future of conflicting ideologies with the
Communist party of

Karl Marx's Manifesto Of The Communist Party
Communism is defined, according to dictionary.com, as a theory or system of social organization
based on the holding of all property in common, actual ownership being ascribed to the community
as a whole or to the state, and a system of social organization in which all economic and social
activity is controlled by a totalitarian state dominated by a single and self–perpetuating political
party. Schools across the globe are controlled by a single person, the principal of the school, who
gives all their students a "fair "and "equal" education. North Carolina's public school system, run by
the Board of Education, allows the students no say in their education, how their school is run, or
what rules are set in place. However, students do get an ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Thomas Jefferson believed that the government was to be powerless to interfere with religious
expressions because he had long witnessed the "unhealthy tendency of government to encroach
upon the free exercise of religion" (wallbuilders.com). Both communism and public schools are
incompatible with the religious faith. The Communist Party specifies a definite code of conduct for
its members. A person who does not follow the commandments of religion, but follows the
directions of the party, cannot call himself a religious person if he follows the directions of the party.
Likewise, a person who follows the religious faith, not the directions of the party, cannot call
himself a communist. Public school officials are not allowed to give their students the impression
that they prefer one religion over another, and they are not allowed to start their days off with prayer.
Even moments of silence may be considered unconstitutional by some people as they may feel that
the purpose and effect of a moment of silence is plainly to advance religion

The Communist Party Of Nepal
It is said in 10 years, even a river changes its course. It has in Nepal, but in 65 years, shattering its
old banks.
The Communist Party of Nepal (CPN), which was established in 1950, had a humble beginning. It
played no major role in toppling the 104–year Rana oligarchy in 1950. It only won four seats in the
parliament in the first ever multiparty general elections held in 1959.
It suffered a series of breakups. The CPN broke into two after King Mahendra in a royal coup
dislodged the BP Koirala government in 1960, banned political parties and imposed the party–less
Panchayat system. One group supported the royal action and the other opposed it. Other breakups
followed, generating nearly a dozen CPNs.
In 1990, when the Nepali Congress Party led a people 's movement to restore democracy in the
wake of the collapse of the Berlin Wall and the new wave of democracy on all shores, several of its
factions formed a front and joined the movement. The merger created a strong CPN (United
Marxist–Leninist).
When King Birendra restored multiparty democracy, the CPN (UML) emerged as the second largest
party in the paliament in the 1991 general election. That is when the river of the CPN seemed to cut
its banks significantly to change its course.
The 1994 general election catapulted the CPN–UML to the largest party in the parliament, but sans
majority, and enabled it to form a minority government. But within 9 months, the government
collapsed, thwarting the course change.
The 2006

Industrialization In China Began In 1949 When The Communist
Industrialization in China began in 1949 when the Communist party took power. Ever since, the
rapid economic growth of China has overshadowed the violations of human rights. China is a very
powerful country that has a direct relationship between its economic growth and human rights
abuse. Although others may argue on the positive aspects of industrialization such as creation of
wealth, in this paper I argue that the industrialization in China has done more harm than good
because it has particularly led to extremely harsh labor conditions within the factory system. The
year 1949 is often called the "great historical watershed from old to new China." This is when the
Chinese Communist Party won the two month long civil war against the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Although, China is a great economical world power today, it is not due to The Great Leap Forward.
The Great Leap Forward was a giant step backward and is considered the worst famine in human
history with an "estimated 30 million people perished between 1959 and 1962". The overwhelming
desire to industrialize backfired, but became the beginning of human rights abuse caused by harsh
labor conditions. In order to fund industrial programs, "the Party would use profits from the
agricultural sector, therefore the first priority was to increase agricultural output. That in turn, meant
full–fledged mechanization." To achieve full–fledged mechanization, thousands of male peasants
were transferred to industrial work. They left the farm work for the women and the children. For
example, in 1958 "the [Henan] province allocated 1.604 billion yuan to construction projects" and
Wu Zhipu, the Chinese Communist Party governor of Henan, "crowed that 'by the end of August,
the province will have built or expanded 378,000 factories and mines of all kinds,'" which proved to
be true when "workers employed in the province's state–owned enterprises more than doubled in
number from 1957." These workers were not only starved due to the mass starvation, but ridiculed
with harsh government policies. "Anyone who aroused the wrath of a leader could be

The Utopia Of Communism : Why No Communist Country Has...
The Utopia of Communism: Why no Communist Country has been Successful
After it was conceived from the mind of Karl Marx, a Communist form of government
has appealed to many societies, especially before and during World War II. Some of the
strongest countries were built on the principles of Communism, such as the USSR. It came to
become an enemy of American values, and challenged the political and civil ideas of that time.
However, it quickly dropped out of popularity, and has come to only being followed moderately
by current communist states. 1 In theory, Communism is supposed to create a utopia, based on
values of equality; however, political, economic, and civil limitations apply strongly to this form
of government, leading to its decline throughout the world.
Karl Marx defined Communism in his book, The Communist Manifesto, which lays out
the complete framework for governing in this type of society. It begins by stating that history is a
series of class struggles, then moves on to target the bourgeoisie, stating that they have been a
force of change, but the changes coming to production are threatening them. 2 He believes that
economic relations alone shape the world, not things such as religion and individual people.
Then, he moves on to explain his view of the proletariat; they are slaves for property, which is
controlled by the bourgeoisie. 3 The plan of communism is to make land into common property,
in which there is no class character to it. This

China Has Been A Communist Country
China has been a communist country. Despite persistent debate over an extended period of time, the
question whether which Chinese government is the most responsive to its people has never been
permanently settled. However, I dare to claim that Qing Dynasty was the most open and receptive to
its people among several Chinese governments. Some people might contend that Republic of China,
Warlords, and Chinese Communist Party were the most responsive to its people. However, a close
examination throughout this essay will clearly reveal the fallacious nature of their argument. My line
of reasoning will derive its support from the most fundamental sources of human wisdom and
history.
Qing Dynasty is the last empire in China. It was founded by Manchus in 1644 and ended in 1912
after Xianhai Revolution. Even though Qing Dynasty was an empire and was under the discipline of
'Mandate of Heaven', it prospered more than the other three governments. In the first 150 years of
Qing Dynasty, it enjoyed stability and peacefulness for a long time without being noticed by foreign
powers. During this time, even the culture and artistic practices bloomed. The Dream of the Red
Chamber, which is China's greatest novel, was written During Qing Dynasty. People had more time
to enjoy their cultural life.
It is usually attributed to the emperor Qianlong who ruled Qing from 1735 to 1799. He learned the
ways of governing properly from his grandfather and his father. He successfully dealt with the

The Coming To Power Of The Communists In China In 1949 Essay

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