Alcohol requirements for tinctures
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This document provides guidelines for the percentage of alcohol required to make tinctures from various botanical plants and plant parts. It lists over 100 botanical names along with their common names, parts used, and recommended alcohol percentage. The alcohol percentages range from 25% to 95% and are intended to properly extract medicinal compounds from each plant into a tincture form. A note at the bottom indicates this information was last updated in 2008 and provides additional context about botanical names and synonyms.
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Alcohol requirements for tinctures
- 1. Alcohol Requirements for Tinctures Botanical Name Common Name Parts Used % Alcohol Achillea millefolium Yarrow Leaf/flower 60% Aconitum napellus Monkshood Whole plant 50% Aletris farinosa Blazing star or Unicorn Root 45% Allium sativum Garlic Bulb 25% Althaea officinalis Marshmallow Root/leaf 30% Angelica spp. Angelica Root 40% Anthemis nobilis Roman chamomile Flower 60% Apis mellifica Honey bee Bee’s essence 60% Arctium lappa Burdock Root/seed 45% Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Bearberry or Uva ursi Leaf 25% Aristolochia serpentaria Snakeroot Root 60% Arnica spp. (Topical Use Only) Arnica Flowers/root 60% Artemisia absinthium* Wormwood Leaf 25% Avena sativa Oats Seeds--milk stage 50% Berberis aquifolium Oregon grape Root 50% Cactus grandiflorus Night-blooming cereus Fresh flower 50% Calendula officinalis Calendula flower Flower 65% Capsella bursa pastoris Shepherd’s purse Tops 50% Capsicum c. annum Cayenne Fruit 70% Capsicum frutescens Cayenne Fruit 70% Caulophyllum thalictroides Blue cohosh Root 70% Ceanothus americanus Red root Root 50% Chamaelirium luteum False unicorn, fairywand, helonias Root 45% Chelidonium majus Celandine or great celandine Fresh plant 60% Chimaphila umbellata Pipsissewa, Prince’s pine Leaf 25% Chionanthus virginicus Fringe tree, old man’s beard Root bark 65%
- 2. Cichorium intybus Chicory Root 30% Cimicifuga racemosa Black cohosh Root 60% Cochlearia armoracia or Armoracia rusticana Horseradish, German Mustard, Great Raifort Root 40% Collinsonia canadensis Stone root, Richweed, and Horsebalm. Root 60% Commiphora myrrha Myrrh Resin 95% Crataegus oxyacantha, Crataegus laevigata Hawthorn Flower/leaves/berries 30% Cynara scolymus Globe artichoke Leaf 25% Cytisus scoparius Scotch broom Flowering tops 50% Dioscorea villosa Wild yam Root 45% Dracontium foetidum Eastern skunk cabbage, meadow cabbage, polecat cabbage, and skunkweed. Root 50% Echinacea angustifolia Echinacea, coneflower Whole plant 60% Echinacea purpurea Purple coneflower Whole plant 60% Eleutherococcus senticosus Siberian ginseng Root 50% Ephedra spp. Mormon tea Whole plant 35% Equisetum arvense Horsetail Whole plant 25% Eupatorium purpureum Gravel root Root 25% Euphrasia officinalis Eyebright Tops 25% Foeniculum vulgare Fennel Seeds 50% Gallium aparine Cleavers Leaf/stem 45% Gelsemium sempervirens* Yellow jasmine, Carolina jasmine, Carolina yellow jasmine, evening trumpet flower; yellow jessamine Root 45% Gentiana lutea Gentiana spp. Gentian Root 30% Geranium maculatum Wild geranium Root 25% Ginkgo biloba Ginkgo Leaf (yellow) 50% Glycyrrhiza glabra Licorice Root 45% Grindelia robusta Gumweed, gumplant Leaf/flower 55% Hamamelis virginiana Witch hazel Bark 35%
- 3. Harpagophytum spp. Devil’s claw Root 40% Humulus lupulus Hops Strobiles 65% Hydrangea arborescens Hydrangea Root 45% Hydrastis canadensis Goldenseal Root 45% Hypericum perforatum St. John’s wort Flowering tops 40% Inula helenium Elecampane Root 40% Juglans cinerea Butternut Green hulls 45% Juglans nigra Black walnut Green hulls 25% Juniperus communis Juniper Berry 70% Larrea tridentata Chaparral or creosote Bush Leaf 60% Leonurus cardiaca Motherwort Leaf/flowers 55% Leptandra virginia Culvers root Root 65% Lingusticum porteri Osha Root 65% Lobaria pulmonaria Lungwort, lung lichen Lichen 50% Lomatium dissectum Lomatia, biscuit root, pungent desert parsley, consumption plant Root 70% Lysichiton americanum Western skunk cabbage Root 50% Marrubium vulgare Horehound Flowers 45% Medicago sativa Alfalfa Leaf/flowers 25% Mitchella repens Partridge berry Whole plant 50% Myrica cerifera Bayberry Root bark 70% Ocimum basilicum Basil Tops 45% Oplopanax horridus Devil’s club Root 50% Panax quinquefolius Wild American ginseng Root 55% Passiflora incarnata Passion flower Leaf/flowers 25% Petasites frigidus Western coltsfoot Root 70% Phytolacca decandra* or Phytolacca americana Poke, pokeweed, American pokeweed, common pokeweed, inkberry, pigeonberry, pokeberry Root 60% Plantago lanceolata Longleaf plantain Leaf 25% Plantago major Broadleaf plantain Leaf 25% Populus spp. Cottonwood or poplar Buds 95% Propolis Beehive gum exudate Resin 95% Prunus spp. Cherry Bark 25%
- 4. Quercus alba White oak Bark 50% Rhamnus frangula Buckthorn Bark 25% Rhamnus purshiana or Frangula purshiana Cascara sagrada or Chittem Aged bark 25% Rosmarinus officinalis Rosemary Leaves 60% Rubus idaeus Red raspberry Leaves 45% Rumex crispus Yellow dock Root 45% Ruta graveolens Rue Tops 45% Salix alba White willow Bark 25% Salvia officinalis Sage Tops 60% Sambucus canadensis/Sambucus nigra Elder flowers Flowers 25% Sanguinaria canadensis Bloodroot Root 65% Scutellaria lateriflora Skullcap Leaf 40% Serenoa repens or serrulata Saw palmetto Berry 70% Silybum marianum Milk thistle Seed 95% Smilax regelii or ornata Jamaican sarsaparilla Root 45% Solidago canadensis Canadian Goldenrod Flowers 60% Solidago virgaurea European Goldenrod Spilanthes oleracea Para-cress, spilanthes, toothache plant Fresh plant 65% Stellaria media Chickweed Fresh plant 50% Stillingia sylvatica Queen’s root Root 45% Symphytum officinale Comfrey Root 25% Symplocarpus foetidus Eastern skunk cabbage Root 50% Syzygium aromaticum Cloves Flowers 60% Tabebuia altissima Pau D’Arco Bark 45% Taraxacum officinale Dandelion Whole plant 40% Thuja plicata Western red cedar Leaf 75% Thymus vulgaris Thyme Tops 70% Trifolium pratense Red clover Flowers 30% Tussilago farfara Eastern coltsfoot Tops 60% Ulmus fulva or Ulmus rubra Slippery elm Bark 25% Urtica dioica Stinging nettles Leaf 40% Vaccinium spp. Blueberry Leaf 45% Valeriana officinalis Valerian Root 55%
- 5. Verbascum thapsus Mullein Leaf 45% Verbascum thapsus Mullein Flower Viburnum opulus Cramp bark Bark 60% Viburnum prunifolium Black haw viburnum Bark 75% Vinca minor Periwinkle Leaf 40% Vitex agnus castus Chaste tree Berries 75% Zanthoxylum americanum Prickly ash Bark 60% Zea mays Cornsilk Styles/stigmas 40% Zingiber officinalis Ginger Root 70% *NOTE: These botanicals have a low therapeutic margin Last updated 3/28/08 by Tracey Miller: New format applied. Note that the USDA database lists this as the current binomial as of 12/21/05. Synonyms for cloves are Eugenia caryophyllata and Syzygium caryophyllum