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2006-2007 by Natural Selection Evolution…
What is Evolution? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Evolution! Evolution! Evolution! Why do we accept this as a Scientific Principle?
What do we know? ,[object Object],[object Object],Diversity  of Life on Earth OBSERVATION How did all these creatures come about? What accounts for all this biological diversity? Biodiversity  of Life on Earth
What do we know? ,[object Object],[object Object],Unity  of Life on Earth How could all of life have the same basic features? OBSERVATION DNA cells
What do we know? ,[object Object],[object Object],Radioactive Dating of the Rocks TESTING & OBSERVATION Life is very old! What’s happened to life during those billions of years?
What do we know? ,[object Object],[object Object],Fossil Record OBSERVATION
What has the fossil record shown us? ,[object Object],Origin of    new species OBSERVATION
What has the fossil record shown us? ,[object Object],Different species lived in the past OBSERVATION
What has the fossil record shown us? ,[object Object],“ Family Tree” Relatives with similar, but not the same traits OBSERVATION
Homolog structure: Similar structure and position, but different function  Courtesy of Prof. Ken Sytsma http://evolution.berkeley.edu Analog structure: Similar function, but different origin
It’s Critical (and often difficult) to distinguish  Homology from Analogy Homology is the key to establishing phylogenies.
Distinguishing Homology from Analogy Analogy is similarity due to convergent evolution. Analogy mistaken for homology confuses phylogenies.
Another Set of Analogies Created by Convergent Evolution Ocotillo of the US southwest Allauidia of Madagascar
Quick review, so far…. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Evolution But how does this work?
What do we know? ,[object Object],[object Object],OBSERVATION Variation
What do we know? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],OBSERVATION Over-production   Competition
How does that work? Variation Over-Production & Competition Natural Selection Nature selects the ones that “fit” the environment better … survive & reproduce Adaptation
What determines survival? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Survival & Reproduction of the Fittest Adaptations
Survival & Reproduction of the fittest not the strongest… not the bravest… not the fastest… not the biggest… … the fittest! the traits that help an organism fit the environment better to survive & reproduce Adaptations
Evolution explains Unity & Diversity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],DNA
Survival & reproduction of the fittest bug…
2006-2007 Don’t be a Dodo… Ask Questions !!

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Bfs bio Evolution intro

  • 1. 2006-2007 by Natural Selection Evolution…
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10. Homolog structure: Similar structure and position, but different function Courtesy of Prof. Ken Sytsma http://evolution.berkeley.edu Analog structure: Similar function, but different origin
  • 11. It’s Critical (and often difficult) to distinguish Homology from Analogy Homology is the key to establishing phylogenies.
  • 12. Distinguishing Homology from Analogy Analogy is similarity due to convergent evolution. Analogy mistaken for homology confuses phylogenies.
  • 13. Another Set of Analogies Created by Convergent Evolution Ocotillo of the US southwest Allauidia of Madagascar
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17. How does that work? Variation Over-Production & Competition Natural Selection Nature selects the ones that “fit” the environment better … survive & reproduce Adaptation
  • 18.
  • 19. Survival & Reproduction of the fittest not the strongest… not the bravest… not the fastest… not the biggest… … the fittest! the traits that help an organism fit the environment better to survive & reproduce Adaptations
  • 20.
  • 21. Survival & reproduction of the fittest bug…
  • 22. 2006-2007 Don’t be a Dodo… Ask Questions !!

Editor's Notes

  1. How to explain similarities bt organisms? how are related these organisms according to their similitude ? How did they acquire these characteristics? Some terminology was applied in an attempt to define these observed patterns
  2. Macroevolution 10/07/11 G. Podgorski, Biol. 1010
  3. Macroevolution 10/07/11 G. Podgorski, Biol. 1010
  4. Macroevolution 10/07/11 G. Podgorski, Biol. 1010
  5. `