The document provides an overview of the Byzantine Empire from 395 AD to 1589 AD and the rise of Russia. Some key events include Justinian preserving Roman law and empowering his wife Theodora in the 6th century Byzantine Empire. Kiev emerged as the most important principality in Kievan Russia in the 9th-12th century, trading with the Byzantine Empire. Moscow grew in prominence after resisting Mongol rule in the 13th-15th centuries, with Ivan III helping to unite Russian principalities and Ivan the Terrible taking the title of Czar in the 16th century.
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