Introductory of genetics of flowering

1. Genetics of flowering
Jethro B. Dagunan
jet22sep@gmail.com
Central Philippine State University

2.  Timely and synchronous flowering is
essential to optimize pollination and
allow seed production and maturation
under favorable environmental
conditions.

3. How do plants 'know' it is time
to flower?
 A new study uncovers exactly where a
key protein forms before it triggers the
flowering process in plants.
 Flowering regulation is complex, with the
release of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT)
controlled by more than 30 proteins in
interacting cascades.

4.  Plants sense environmental conditions
largely through the leaves, the
developmental decision to flower occurs
in the shoot apex, requiring the
transmission of flowering information,
sometimes over quite long distances.

5.  Despite the enormous
diversity of
reproductive strategies
and lifestyles of higher
plants, a key
component of this
mobile flowering signal
(FLORIGEN) is
contributed by a highly
conserved gene:
FLOWERING LOCUS
T (FT).

6.  FT gene encodes a
small globular protein
that is able to
translocate from leaves
to the apex through the
phloem.
 Plants have evolved a
variety of regulatory
networks that control FT
expression in response
to diverse
environmental
responses to be
seasonally timed.
Reference: Wigge, Philip A. FT, A mobile Developmental Signal in Plants.
2011. Retrieved from sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/SO9609822

7.  the biologists have demonstrated that
UV-B rays can potentially induce
flowering of Arabidopsis throughout the
year. "However, their effect is blocked
during short days by a protein called
RUP2," explains Adriana Arongaus,
researcher in the Geneva group and first
author of the study.

8.  “26 identified 13 differentially expressed
genes related to light signalling, meristem
identity and 27 flowering promotion. Of
these, we pinpointed genes which seem to
link photoperiod and far-28 red light
signalling coding for a CCT motif related to
CONSTANS and a FLOWERING 29
LOCUS T b2 like protein, and their active
downstream cascade”, the findings according to
Maria Pazos-Navarro, Federico M Ribalta, Bhavna
Hurgobin, Janine S Croser and Parwinder Kaur of
University of Western Australia and University of
Oueensland, Australia.

9. History of
discovery

12. References:
 A protein prevents plants from premature flowering. Université de Genève. 2018. Retrieved from
 A step closer to understanding the 'switch' that triggers flowering in plants. John Innes Centre. 2016.
Retrieved from
 Andres, Fernando and Coupland, George. The genetic basis of flowering responses to seasonal cues.
2012. Retreived from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/230685215
 Cells that trigger flowering. Cornell University. 2018. Retrieved from
 Pazos-Navarro, Maria, Ribalta, Federico M., Hurgobin, Bhavna, Croser, Janine S. Kaur, Parwinder.
Gene networks underlying faster flowering induction in response to far-red light. Retrieved from
 Molecular mechanism behind early flowering identified. Technical University of Munich. 2015.
Retrieved from
 Scientists discover 'switch' in plants to create flowers. National University of Singapore. 2012.
Retrieved from
 Wigge, Philip A. FT, A mobile Developmental Signal in Plants. 2011. Retrieved from
sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/SO9609822