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1. * GB780066 (A)
Description: GB780066 (A) ? 1957-07-31
Process and apparatus for the photographic recording on a film of televised
images from a cathode ray tube
Description of GB780066 (A)
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DE959111 (C) FR1101179 (A)
DE959111 (C) FR1101179 (A) less
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The EPO does not accept any responsibility for the accuracy of data
and information originating from other authorities than the EPO; in
particular, the EPO does not guarantee that they are complete,
up-to-date or fit for specific purposes.
PATENT SPECIFICATION
780,066 Date of Application and filing Complete Specification: Dec. 9,
1953.
Application made in Germany on Dec. 9, 1952.
Complete Specification Published: July 31, 1957.
No. 34246/53.
index at acceptance:-Class 40(3), F(2B1:5B:6K).
International Classification':-H04n.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Process and Apparatus for the Photographic Recording on a Film of
Televised Images From a Cathode Ray Tube We, SIEMmmS & HALSIE
AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT of 4 Wittelsbacherplatz, Munich 2, Germany, a
Company organised and existing under the laws of the German Federal
Republic, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a
patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be

2. performed, to be particularly described in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to methods and apparatus for recording
televised images produced by a cathode-ray tube on to unexposed motion
picture film.
Hitherto in some proposed methods for the production of television
recordings on film the televised images were delineated on a screen of
the cathode-ray tube in half-sean pictures by the interlaced raster
20scanning process, the film being moved continuously at a constant
speed past the screen of the tube. The individual lines of each
televised image are in this case exposed obliquely one after the other
on a film. Difficulties have been encountered in this process with the
resolving powers of the photographic layer on the film which
considerably limit the potentialities of the process in choice of
recording apparatus and of film material.
Regarding this question, several more detailed points should be noted
which influence the choice of film format, i.e., the choice between 35
mm. film and the smaller 16 mm. film. The resolving power of each
photographic layer corresponds to 80 lines per mm. In the television
system in Great Britain 405 lines are registered per raster but in
Western 40European television systems 625 lines per raster are
registered and in these latter systems having such a line scanning
process, 25 rasters per second or x 625=50,625 lines per second are
produced. With a film speed of 475 mm.
[Price 3/6] per second in the case of standard film, this results in
approximately 33 lines per mm. In the case of standard film therefore
the resolving power of 80 lines per mm. of photographic layer is
largely50 sufficient. In the case of smaller films, e.g., 16 mm. films
however, the film speed is 19 mm. per second which gives approximately
82 lines per mm. In this case therefore the resolving power of
photo-55 graphic layer corresponds more or less to the line interval.
In the above process however only a very short exposure period is
possible due to the continuous motion of the film. This again requires
pick-up 60 tubes which are free from after-glow and which due to the
necessity of employing in the flourescent layer phosphores which are
free from after-glow emit a light spectrum which is unsuited to
photo-65 graphy. For this reason, therefore, it has been necessary
heretofore to use negative films of high sensitivity, the resolving
powers of which are of an even lower order. 70 In recording systems
herein proposed, the continuous film motion is replaced by
intermittent motion. In this case it is of advantage to employ for
recording purposes a cathode-ray tube with a flourescent screen having
long after-glow whilst the film, preferably a reversed or positive
film, is provided with a coating, the resolving powers and spectral

3. sensitivity of which correspond to the after-glow rays80 from the
screen. Thus, one can utilise a greater after-glow period
corresponding to the period when the film is stationary and also
utilise flourescent screens with brighter phosphores. The desired
resolv-85 ing power of 80 lines is also obtained.
The correct spectral scale for the lightsensitive film coating is also
obtainable and the copying process may be dispensed with, although it
it is also possible to produce 90 FRae.-780,066 any desired number of
copies.
By employing the intermittent principle of film motion however,
difficulties are encountered with the shift period. Indeed, the film
would require to change position during the fly-back period, i.e., in
the extremely short time of approximately 1.2 m sec. Such a quick
movement cannot be obtained by conventional types of film shift
mechanisms.
An. object of the present invention is to provide processes and
apparatus by which the movement or shift period of the film may be
artificially protracted.
According to the invention, we provide for recording on an unexposed
motionpicture film television images displayed on a cathode-ray tube,
apparatus cornprising means to move the filmn intermittently and
through equal successive distances through a film exposure gate
located in the path of projection of each image from the tube, and
means to divert, delay, and reproduce selected images in predetermined
sequence to provide periods of time for film shift. the mnumber of
exposures on the film being arranged to correspond to the number of
images appearing in said cathode-ray.- tube, and the whole of each
television image being recorded.
Preferably, the image-interrupting means comprises variable light beam
deflection means in the path of each projected image occurring in a
first cathode-ray tube and adapted to pass selected images direct to
one side of a film exposure gate, and to pass other selected images on
to the screen of a television camera which is electrically coupled to
a second reproducing cathode-ray tube disposed to project reproduced
images to the other side of said film exposure gate, and synehronised
shutter means disposed in the path of the beam, each scanning
operation by the camera being delayed a time sufficient to allow the
resulting image in the reproducing tube to occur simultaneously with a
selected image in the 1'fst cathode-ray tube, thus providing one of a
succession of periods for filtm shift in the exposure gate.
According to an embodiment of.the invention, the entire television
equipment including the television cameras operates on the normal line
scanning principle, i.e., within 20 m. see. firstly the odd lines 1,
3, 5, 7 etc. are transmitted, and on return of the scanning spot (1.2

4. m see.) 60the intermediate lines 2, 4, 6, 8 are scanned.
These even lines are repeatedly picked up from the receiving tube and
transmitted by an optical and shutter system to an iconoscope, and in
this iconoscope are scanned once moire after a time lapse of 2-0 in
see. so tha in the final reproduction tube the ev-en lines will appear
sitmultaneouisly witlt the odd lines in the receiving tube. In this
case two repro-70 duction tubes ms? Ie utilised and the even and odd
lines s,, intriaced by the intermediary of a prim System that the
picture can be recorded friom this on the film.
Further details of the embodiment of 75 the irvention will ii,:x be
described, b)way of example, with reference to the accompanying drain
which shows a diarammiatic illuratiton of apparatus according to one
emoldimelnt of the 80 invention.
Referring to th- law-ring, the television eamera 1 and the anmplifier
2 produce on the screen a pidtlue reproducing tube 3 an interlaced
raster formed lby the line-85 scan principle. i.e.. the odd lines 1,
3. 5 are firstly scanned within 20 m see. and.
on completion of the fly-back interval of 1.2 m see. the even lines 2,
4. 6, 8 are scanned in the subsequent 20 m see. The 90 odd lines are
masked by the shutter 3a whilst the even lines are deflected into the
pick-up tube or ieocnoseope 5 via the optical systemrn 4. The mosaic
screen of the tube 5 is therelby irradieated and its95 seamning
operation is arranged to follow m see. later. The intelligence scanned
during this operation is fed to the reproduction tube 7 via the
amplifier 6. Thus the odd line scan in tube 3 and the even 100 line
scan in tube 7 now appear simultaneously, and at this. instant the
film 8 is available for exposure in the film gate 9.
The film earrier on to which the lightsensitive layer is deposited is
completely 105 transparent thus allowing the film to ba exposed from
both sides. The film gate 9 is adapted to receive images projected
intm it from both sides. The shifting of the film is effected bly a
claw arrangement 10, 110 and during the period of film shift the path
of the light to the film is cut off by the shutters 11 and 12, the
shutters 3a, 11 and 12 heine synehronised for this purpose. In this
apparatus it is essential 115 that the point imnages or transversals
are very accurately located in the film gate, and it also being
essential that the direction of line scan in tube 7 is so arranged to
be opposite to that in tube 3. 120
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