1. SK025 Session 2019/2020
TUTORIAL CHAPTER 4.0 INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
HOUR AND WEEK : 2nd
HOUR WEEK 6 (NF2F)
Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to draw structural formula in expanded and skeletal
structure – C3
1 (a) Define the term structural formula.
(b) Draw the condensed structure for each of the compounds:
i. OH
ii. O
iii.
iv. OH
Cl O
(c) Draw the skeletal structure for each compound given below:
i.
CH2 C CH3
CH2
CH3
O
ii.
CHCH2
CH2 CH3
CH2
CH
CH3
CH3 CH3
iii. (CH3)3CCH2CH2CH2OH
iv.
CH2C
CH OH
O
CH2
CH3
Br
HOUR AND WEEK : 2nd
HOUR WEEK 6 (FTF)
Learning Outcomes :
At the end of the lesson, student should be able to:
Classify carbons into primary, secondary, tertiary or quartenary and hydrogen into primary,
secondary or tertiary – C3
1. Discuss NFTF questions.
2. SK025 Session 2019/2020
CH OH
CH2
CH2
CH3
2. Label the aliphatic carbon as primary, secondary or tertiary and calculate the number of primary,
secondary and tertiary hydrogen in the given compound.
a)
b)
C
H3 C C CH2 CH3
Cl
Cl
HOUR AND WEEK : 3rd
HOUR WEEK 6 (NFTF)
Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to identify functional groups in a given compound – C3
1 Identify and name the functional groups present in the following molecules:
(a) CH2OH
NHCH3
(b) CH2OCH3
NHCOCH3
(c)
C
Cl
C H
C
COOH
O
C
O
O
O
HOUR AND WEEK : 3rd
HOUR WEEK 6 (FTF)
Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to identify functional groups in a given compound – C3
3. SK025 Session 2019/2020
1. Discuss NFTF
2. Circle and name all the functional groups in the compound below.
a)
HOUR AND WEEK : 1st
HOUR WEEK 7 (NFTF)
Learning Outcomes :
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to identify and construct constitutional isomers – C4
1 (a) Define the term isomer.
(b) Draw all posibble isomers of compound with the molecular formula C4H10O and identify
the types of isomerism present.
HOUR AND WEEK : 1st
HOUR WEEK 7 (FTF)
Learning Outcomes :
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to identify and construct constitutional isomers – C4
1. Discuss NFTF
2. For each of the following compounds, draw its isomeric pair that represents a chain, positional
and functional group isomerism:
(a) CH3CH2CH=CH2
(b) CH3CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH3
(c) CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OH
HOUR AND WEEK : 2nd
HOUR WEEK 7 (NFTF)
Learning Outcomes :
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to describe cis-trans isomerism due to restricted rotation
and identify cis-trans isomerism of a given structural formula. – C4
1 (a) What are the essential requirements for a molecule to exhibit cis-trans isomerism?
C CH2
O
H
C
C
O
N
H2 CH3
N
O
CH
C
CH2
H
O
CH3
O
4. SK025 Session 2019/2020
(b) Which of the following compounds can exist as a pair of cis-trans isomers?Draw the cis-
trans isomers.
i. ClCH=CHCl
ii. CH3CH=CH2
iii. (CH3)2C=CHCH3
iv. CH3CH2CH=CHCH3
v.
Br Br
HOUR AND WEEK : 2nd
HOUR WEEK 7 (FTF)
Learning Outcomes :
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to describe cis-trans isomerism due to restricted rotation
and identify cis-trans isomerism of a given structural formula. – C4
1. Discuss NFTF.
2. Draw the cis-trans isomers for the following molecule.
STRUCTURE CIS TRANS
a)
CH3
C
H3
b)
C
H3 C C CH2 CH3
Cl
Cl
c)
CH3
CH3
HOUR AND WEEK : 3rd
HOUR WEEK 7 (NFTF)
Learning Outcomes :
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to identify chirality centre(s) in a molecule – C3
1 (a) What is meant by chirality centre?
(b) From the following list, identify the compounds that exhibit optical activity:
i. CH3CH=C(CH3)CH2CH3
ii. CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3
5. SK025 Session 2019/2020
iii. CH3CH2CH(Br)CH2CH3
iv. CH3CH(NH2)COOH
HOUR AND WEEK : 3rd
HOUR WEEK 7 (FTF)
Learning Outcomes :
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to :
identify chirality centre(s) in a molecule – C3
Draw a pair of enantiomers using 3-dimensional formula
1. Discuss NFTF
2. Identify chirality centre(s) in compound given.
a)
Cl
CH3
CH3
Cl
b)
CH4
C
H3 CH3
Cl
Br
3. Mark the chiral carbon with asterisk (*) and draw a pair of enantiomers using 3-dimensional
structure.
C
H3 CH3
Br
HOUR AND WEEK : 1st
HOUR WEEK 8 (NFTF)
Learning Outcomes :
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
- Explain covalent bond cleavage – C3
- Identify electrophile, nucleophile and free radical – C3
1 Explain the differences between homolytic cleavage and heterolytic cleavage. Give one example
for each cleavage.
2 (a) Define the terms electrophile and nucleophile.
(b) Classify each of the following as electrophile, nucleophile or free radical.
i. NH3
6. SK025 Session 2019/2020
ii. Br
iii. H2O
iv. NO2
+
v. NO2
vi. Cl+
vii. BF3
viii. CO2
ix. CH3CH=CH2
x. CH3OH
HOUR AND WEEK : 1st
HOUR WEEK 8 (FTF)
Learning Outcomes :
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
- Explain covalent bond cleavage – C3
1. Discuss NFTF
2. Use curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in each reaction and identify type of
cleavage for the following reaction and explain.
a)
Br Br Br + Br
b)
CH3
C
C
H3 Br
CH3
CH3
C
+
C
H3
CH3
+ Br
-
HOUR AND WEEK : 2nd
HOUR WEEK 8 (NFTF)
Learning Outcomes :
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to compare the stabilities of carbocations by using the
inductive effect of alkyl group. – C3
Arrange the following carbocations in order of increasing stability.
CH3
+
C CH2
C
H3
CH3
H
+
C CH2CH3
C
H3
H
+
C CH2
C
H3 CH3
CH3
+
7. SK025 Session 2019/2020
HOUR AND WEEK : 2nd
HOUR WEEK 8 (FTF)
Learning Outcomes :
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to
i) Compare the stabilities of free radical by using the inductive effect of alkyl group. – C3
1. Discus NFTF
2. A alkane, (CH3)2CHCH3, undergoes a reaction with bromine in inert solvent to produce
haloalkane. In the propagation state, radical carbon X and Y are formed. Which carban radical is
more stable? Explain.
CH3 CH
CH3
CH3
CH3 C
CH3
CH3
CH3 CH
CH3
C
H
H
radical X
radical Y
alkane
HOUR AND WEEK : 3rd
HOUR WEEK 8 (NFTF)
Learning Outcomes :
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to identify the main type of organic reaction given a
reaction equation.- C3
1 Chloromethane reacts with hydroxide ion to form methanol as shown in the equation below.
OH
+ CH3Cl CH3OH + Cl
(a) Identify the nucleophile and electrophile.
(b) State the type of reaction.
HOUR AND WEEK : 3rd
HOUR WEEK 8 (FTF)
Learning Outcomes :
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to identify the main type of organic reaction given a
reaction equation.- C3
1. Discuss NFTF
2. State the type of reactions:
