Best Plan Paper Umer Izhar Gam 228 05/07/14 In my context, the “Best Plan” would be to focus on ethical morals especially in making decisions that touch on my life. I will dwelt my decisions on five major moral theories which include Care-Based Feminists Writings, Virtue Moral Theory, Utilitarian Act-based, Kant’s Theory and the Social Contract-Based Theory. In more than one occasion, people have been turning their backs to these theories for the simple reason of depending much on a single individual for information. There has been a saying that, treat someone the same way you would like to be treated. Putting this saying into the context of these theories, it definitely falls to the Kantian Theory. Therefore following this theory to many has been a nightmare simply because in some quarters people do some things, which are against this theory, not by their intention but accidentally. Breach of this theory can best be explained by taking an example of a person who accidentally hurts his/her friend. The causer will not have done enough of what the subject expects from him/her in terms of treating him the same way he/she would like to be treated. Therefore, in making consideration of my best plan, I will have to factor in all the theories and how it will have an effect to the subjects, I have never interacted with before. The subjects in these case range from kids malnourished because hunger in parts of Asia and Africa to the tycoons in US and parts of Europe. Including in my consideration are the casual people I have shared common things with, which include my classmates, movie theatre friends and those whom I will consider as my future workforce. In addition, I will make use of these theories in the description of the relevant decisions that pertains my close confidants and friends. Life is dynamic and that one day I will consult some of these theories in making decisions of what is important to my life and that of my family. The Utilitarian Approach will perfectly suit decisions concerning individuals I have never interacted with before. In making decision about people I have never met before, I will apply the Act-Based Utilitarianism. This is because, these theory seek the greatest happiness regarding the greatest number of the situations. Satisfaction of this theory takes numerous angles that include monetary gift to those in need or any other valuable gift that will satisfy their desires. In doing such, I will be losing money or some valuables but the end return will be the satisfaction of a number of individuals. By the end of it all, my actions will have satisfied a majority of people in the developing countries to meet their daily basic needs such as food, shelter and clothing. My next action that will suit individuals in the developing countries is forming a group that will oversee donation of money and other goodies to the less fortunate in the society. The group that I will form will aid in collection of more money from w ...

1. Best Plan Paper
Umer Izhar
Gam 228
05/07/14
In my context, the “Best Plan” would be to focus on ethical
morals especially in making decisions that touch on my life. I
will dwelt my decisions on five major moral theories which
include Care-Based Feminists Writings, Virtue Moral Theory,
Utilitarian Act-based, Kant’s Theory and the Social Contract-
Based Theory. In more than one occasion, people have been
turning their backs to these theories for the simple reason of
depending much on a single individual for information. There
has been a saying that, treat someone the same way you would
like to be treated. Putting this saying into the context of these
theories, it definitely falls to the Kantian Theory. Therefore
following this theory to many has been a nightmare simply
because in some quarters people do some things, which are
against this theory, not by their intention but accidentally.
Breach of this theory can best be explained by taking an
example of a person who accidentally hurts his/her friend. The
causer will not have done enough of what the subject expects
from him/her in terms of treating him the same way he/she
would like to be treated.
Therefore, in making consideration of my best plan, I will have
to factor in all the theories and how it will have an effect to the
subjects, I have never interacted with before. The subjects in
these case range from kids malnourished because hunger in
parts of Asia and Africa to the tycoons in US and parts of
Europe. Including in my consideration are the casual people I
have shared common things with, which include my classmates,

2. movie theatre friends and those whom I will consider as my
future workforce. In addition, I will make use of these theories
in the description of the relevant decisions that pertains my
close confidants and friends. Life is dynamic and that one day I
will consult some of these theories in making decisions of what
is important to my life and that of my family.
The Utilitarian Approach will perfectly suit decisions
concerning individuals I have never interacted with before. In
making decision about people I have never met before, I will
apply the Act-Based Utilitarianism. This is because, these
theory seek the greatest happiness regarding the greatest
number of the situations. Satisfaction of this theory takes
numerous angles that include monetary gift to those in need or
any other valuable gift that will satisfy their desires. In doing
such, I will be losing money or some valuables but the end
return will be the satisfaction of a number of individuals. By the
end of it all, my actions will have satisfied a majority of people
in the developing countries to meet their daily basic needs such
as food, shelter and clothing. My next action that will suit
individuals in the developing countries is forming a group that
will oversee donation of money and other goodies to the less
fortunate in the society.
The group that I will form will aid in collection of more money
from well-wishers to facilitate delivery of basic needs to those
who are under privileged in the poor countries. Consequently, I
will engage in helping the homeless find a place to call home as
well as cooking and indulging them with games to play. This is
another action that follows Act-Utilitarianism since the
homeless will afford smiles in their faces, as they will have a
place to call it home. Working in their shelter for no payment
will be another action worth making the homeless feel part of
the society. Further working in a retail store will also allow me
to assist those whom I have never met before. This act is part of
Act-Utilitarianism since I can use it in helping someone who

3. has never been to my store with useful information that will
guide him/her to what they are looking for. The information
that can be of helpful to them is telling them where to go and
find the medicines they are looking for . This Act will fill their
faces with happiness since they will have known how and where
to find their things in need.
While attending Mosque services and handling all the activities,
I will follow the Virtue Moral Theory, Kant’s Theory and the
Act-Utilitarianism theory. My work will be to present myself
very early in the morning and take a position and the entrance
so that I will assist those in need of help and direction. The
individuals whom I happen to know them casually give me some
sort of satisfaction especially when they give me smile or just
saying hi. By holding the door for them as they enter or exit the
mosque, I am trying to show some kindness, humility and
generosity where in return, they say “thanks” or simply give a
smile. Thus, my actions in the mosque follow Act-Utilitarianism
since I will be providing source of happiness to majority of
service attendants. In such occasions, dilemmas never cease to
happen. An old man whom I approximate to be on his late 80s,
collapsed when he was about to take up his seat. I was torn
between leaving my assigned duty at the door and attend to the
old man. After a blink, I found myself rushing towards the
point. I took the old by his arms and made him to lie down on
his back. Quickly, I loosened all the tight wardrobes and
shoelaces as I administer resuscitation to him . After a while he
was showing positive response.
My action over that time followed Kant’s theory where I did to
the old man what I wish I should be done to when I am at my
old age and suffering equally the same challenges as the old
man. Consequently, by assisting them in doors ways , I am
doing what I also wish it should be done to me in such
occasions whenever I made visits. This is still Kant’s theory.
Thus, my duties over the period felt to both Kant’s Theory for

4. those whom I did not know and Virtue Moral theory for those
whom I casually know them. This is because according the
Kant; people should be treated the same way you would like to
be treated. This theory mostly applies to people of whom you
are on the same league together such as classmates, workmates
and mates in mosque. For the case of people whom I happen to
know them formally, I normally follow a number of virtues
while attending to them.
The book points out the theory of virtue to have several other
components, which include the statement of what the virtue is,
an account of virtues, list of virtues and the explanation of good
qualities expected of a person. Thus, regarding the individuals
whom I formally know, I can draw examples from either Virtue
moral theory or Kant’s theory to explain the situation. For
exampling rushing to class and I happen to meet an individual
lost of direction who asks me about it, I will stop-by and direct
him/her appropriately because if it were me I would also need to
be assisted. I imagine being on a similar situation faced with
such challenge. On a similar note, an individual on my mosque
asking me for a favor I won’t hesitate considering the fact that,
I will also need a favor at some quarters. If one of the
individuals serving in the mosque asks me to help in moving
around instruments, I will not hesitate because they need my
assistance. This is because, if I were on their shoe, I will need
the same done to me. Likewise borrowing something from a
neighbor with a promise of returning it after certain duration
will be like a debt and I will have to return it within the
specified time as a show of loyalty and honesty. This is because
they placed their trust of their item upon me. By doing these
things, I would be following Kant’s Theory as well as the
Virtue Theory by treating people the way I would like to be
treated, and following virtues in order to make my decisions.
As far as friends and family decisions are concerned, I will
apply both the Care Based Feminist Writing Theory and Virtue

5. Theory. This is because according to the book, Care Based
Feminist Theory requires one to be caring and loving. It is the
duty of a family member to take care of his/her family. If a
child fell into sickness, it is the duty of the parents to ensure
that the kid receives proper treatment and on time. In addition,
your auntie who is sick will need your assistance despite the
blood lineage stretching far. This is Care Based Feminist
Writing Theory because I would help my relative out of danger.
The observation of this theory will not only serve my relatives
but will continue showing it to both my family members and
children. I will stand with them when they are sick or when they
are in trouble. As an individual, it will be wise to help them
with a view of you being the one in their situation and you need
their helping hand.
I will also be kind, honest, compassionate, patient, tolerant,
generous, friendly and many other things to my friends and
family members. This is because I love and care for them and I
would show that with the Virtue Theory. I normally believe
that, people normally have obligation to their families because
the families are the ones, which make us who we are in the
society. My virtues will guide me over in running the affairs of
my family. I would express these virtues in the direction of my
children so that in result, they would learn how to treat people
with respect and kindness. The Care Based Feminist Writings of
loving and caring would also be taught to these children. This is
due to the fact that they need to show the same good character
traits to their friends as it is the essential part of being a
complete human being.
The Social Contract Theory is the theory I will never consult
while making decisions regarding people whom I have never
met before. This is because this theory explains about not
giving interest to the things that does not affect us directly. The
Elements of Moral Philosophy explains that there are four

6. groups that cannot benefit us. They comprise of nonhuman
animals, human infants, oppressed population and future
generations. According to this theory, we should ignore the
interest of these groups. Despite the move being unacceptable,
the actions will affect others. For example if one were to hassle
an infant who he/she has never met before, it will not have any
affect this individual and he/she would get to let out his/her
cruel behavior. However, the parents of that child would be
affected by this and would probably take action against this
person.
Even though the Social Contract Theory provide rules that are
for the mutual benefit of the entire society, the contract itself is
grounded into self interest and I would not use it while making
my decisions regarding people who I have never met, people
who I know formally, and friends and family. The theories I
will rely upon in my future decision-making are Virtue Moral
Theories, Act-Based Utilitarianism, Kant’s Theory and Care
Based Feminists Writings.
Venture Budgeting and Forecasting Paper
FIN/375 Version 1
1
University of Phoenix Material
Venture Budgeting and Forecasting Paper
Resources: Kudler Opening Budget
Write a 700- to 900-word paper in APA format in which you do
the following:
· Illustrate how your venture would perform by estimating the
revenue and expense to calculate operating profit or loss.
Include estimates of your venture’s main sources of revenue and
the expenses expected in the main cost categories such as the
cost of goods, sales and marketing, labor, rent, maintenance,

7. and any other significant expenses.
· Illustrate your venture’s startup costs by estimating a
preopening budget—also termed development budget—that
includes startup costs such as building and construction, Web
site development, preopening marketing, equipment,
merchandise, preopening operations, research and development,
working capital, and any other significant preopening expenses.
An example of a preopening budget may be found in the
materials listed on the course page for the University of
Phoenix student Web site for Week Two named Kudler Opening
Budget.
· Develop financial planning goals by illustrating how your
venture would be initially funded by using cash on hand, debt,
venture capital, or a combination of these. Use a mortgage
calculator found on the Internet and calculate your loan
payments. Include these expenses in your Operating Budget.
Use the information below to help in your calculations:
Building and Construction Estimation*
Remodeling Fees
$200 per Square Foot
New Building Construction Fees
$450 per Square Foot
*Multiply square footage of small business by fee for
estimation.
Interest Information
10 Year bank Note (Debt)
7.5% Interest
5 Year Venture Capital Loan
15% Interest
Examples of Profit Split for Venture Capital Partnerships*
Example 1
Venture Capital Investment 1
$300,000
Cost to Develop Business 1
$1,000,000
Venture Capital Profits 1

8. 30% of Business Profits
Example 2
Venture Capital Investment 2
$500,000
Cost to Develop Business 2
$2,000,000
Venture Capital Profits 2
25% of Business Profits
*Profit split is commensurate with the ratio of investment.
Post your assignment as a Microsoft® Word attachment.
Sheet1University of Phoenix Faculty MaterialKudler Opening
Budget Startup CostsConstructionSite
preparation100,000Building1,000,000Trade
Fixtures400,00020%
CONTINGENCY300,000SUBTOTAL:1,800,000Operating
CapitalMarketing/PR50,000Launch
Event25,000Equipment50,000Inventory750,000Operating
Supplies10,000Legal
fees25,000Permits10,000Insurance25,000Preopening Salaries
and Travel125,00010%
Contingency107,000SUBTOTAL:1,177,000Occupancy CostR E
Taxes12,000Utilities10,000SUBTOTAL:22,000TOTAL2,999,00
0Capitalization PlanCash from Principle Owners300,000Cash
from Venture Capital Partners600,000Preferred return of 80% of
net profit until principle is paid, then 10% of net profitsBank
Loan2,100,0007.5% APR on a 15-year term3,000,000
Sheet2
Sheet3
Ethical Analysis Project

9. Many individuals go onto game shows believing they will
come home a different person. However, these people think they
will become wealthier and will have better lives as a result.
Unfortunately for them, this case is very rare as many people
often get scammed into coming onto a game show. There are
those people who don’t find anything wrong with this, as it is
his/her own decision to come onto the show. Although this is
true, it is very difficult for low to middle income people to
decline the opportunity to win thousands or even millions of
dollars. Because the reward is so high, these people fail to look
at the risks they will be taking in order to compete for this
money. Many people see that they are coming on to a Q&A
based reality show, and say to themselves, “Well this should be
easy money!” A specific show where this often happens is
“Nothing But The Truth, where people don’t think about how
their lives could be impacted by playing in this high-risk game.
Many people might argue that the contestants should probably
read and go through all of the information before entering a
show like this. If they are on a show such as this, they probably
know about what kinds of things they will be risking. An
example that we talked about in class was a woman who was
asked a personal question regarding her husband and her ex-
boyfriend. The lie detector determined that she would rather be
with her ex-boyfriend rather than her husband, and she honestly
answered to this question. As a result, she probably lost her
husband. She was then asked if she was a good person, to which
she replied, “yes”. However, the lie detector determined that
she was NOT a good person, and because of this she lost the
prize money, and in the process created major problems within
her family. All she had to do was answer 21 questions correctly
in order to receive a prize of $500,000. There are many other
examples of reality TV where the contestants are asked to risk a
lot in order to receive a relatively high reward. Shows like
“Survivor” ask contestants to do crazy stunts and work with
their competitors, which could be very difficult to do. The
question that we should ask ourselves is, “Is it right or wrong to

10. have reality shows such as these? And if so, should they be
airing them to audiences all around the world? And also, are we
to blame the producers for creating the shows or the contestants
for agreeing to come onto the shows?” Along with these
questions, we should also consider, “Once on the game show, is
it ok to betray other in order to win the game?” These are
questions with many different perspectives along with a
numerous amount of answers.
The show talked about above had been airing in India as
well. It was known as, “The Moment of Truth.” BBC’s Delnaaz
Irani filed this report for “The World”. In this report, Rajish
Camut, head of one of India’s television channels, says, “Indian
society is becoming far more acceptable. Television as a
medium was used as something to escape from the tragedies of
real life. Today what happens is you don't mind seeing
something that is real on television and accepting it. The Indian
audiences are becoming far more tolerant and are open in terms
of accepting the kind of content." This shows that the audience
of India doesn’t mind watching shows such as these as they find
it entertaining. Just like India, I am sure that many other
countries, such as the U.S., also find shows like these
entertaining as we are glued to our seats waiting for what will
happen next. According to the Act-based Utilitarianism
approach, they should continue to air shows such as these
because it brings pleasure to a great amount of people by only
directly affecting those who go onto these shows. However,
according to Najma Heptulla, a prominent Member of
Parliament, shows like these should not be aired in India or
anywhere else. She says, “The questions started becoming very
filthy kind of questions like whether he slept with a prostitute
or he slept with a girl younger than his daughter. Did he cheat
[on] his wife? All kinds of things." She has a great point, as this
is not a good way to entertain the public. Asking questions like
these must have a negative impact on children and also adults.
After seeing someone win, they might begin to believe that

11. money is more important than family. However, when people
lose, they also get to see how the contestant loses everything.
Heptulla went on to say, “If somebody wants to confess they
should confess to the person or to a priest or to mullah or to a
Hindu priest -- whatever religion they belong to. But why
should I be forced to see it?" Heptulla is trying to ban this show
from being aired, as she does not agree with it being shown on
TV. This says that she is not in favor of the Act-based
utilitarian approach because she does not want people to be
entertained by watching harm being caused to others. From the
producers perspective, I would have to agree with them airing,
“The Moment of Truth.” I say this because they are succeeding
as a company to make their TV show a big hit. They are
providing entertainment to a great audience by causing potential
harm to only a few individuals. The producers of the show
definitely believe in the Act-based utilitarian approach, as they
just want to maximize their profit by maximizing the
entertainment they provide. If the contestants know what they
are risking, there is no question that they should be allowed to
go onto a show like this, as they are fully aware of the
consequences.
Another show on Reality TV that brings a lot of
entertainment to the public is, “Survivor.” In this show, you
must learn how to survive in a tough environment with limited
resources and a team that you cannot fully trust. The objective
of the game is to win as many challenges as you can and try to
be the last person standing at the end of the show. There were 4
contestants remaining in the 2007 season series, and two of
them were Dreamz and Yau Man. According to a ProEthics
article, “as the 2007 edition of "Survivor" got down to the final
four competitors, there was a so-called "rewards challenge" for
which the prize was a new truck.” Yau Man had won the
challenge and the truck, but offered the truck to competitor
Dreamz on one condition. The condition was that Dreamz would
have to give Yau Man his immunity if he wins the next

12. challenge. This means that Yau Man would be able to survive
the next round as well. However, after Dreamz won the next
contest, he went against his promise with Yau Man and gave
himself the immunity instead of giving it to Yau Man. This
caused Yau Man, “the good-guy contestant” to be voted off of
the show. He betrayed his “friend”, but went on to win a
substantial 3rd place cash prize. This goes against the Kantian
Theory of; treating people the way you want to be treated in
return. Unfortunately for Yau Man, he thought the Dreamz
would behave in an ethical manner, by following the Virtue
Moral Theory. He thought that Dreamz would be honest,
trustworthy, generous and also friendly by helping him out. He
believed that Dreamz would treat him the same way that he was
treated. By this I mean, Dreamz would help Yau Man just as
Yau Man had helped Dreamz by providing him with a nice
truck. However, Dreamz goes against these theories and does
not care about the negative publicity received as long as he
receives his big bonus for “Survivor.” In this situation, I don’t
think the producers are wrong for airing a show like this as it is
only for those individuals who have enough skill to make it
through these horrific circumstances. In the 2007 season series,
I believe it was Yau Man’s fault for trusting Dreamz. This is
because there is way too much money on the line to be risking
getting kicked off of the show. Since Yau Man was one of the
strongest competitors, Dreamz felt like he should maximize his
profit and kick Yau Man off of the show, and also keep the
truck. He overlooks the ethical standpoint, and jumps straight to
the economical benefit. On MSNBC’s “Today Television”, host
and producer Jeff Probst said, “The ethical line on ‘Survivor’ is
a continuum. Moral is at one end, immoral at the other. Each
person decides at any given moment where they are willing to
place themselves — how far down that continuum will you drift
for a million dollars?” He goes on to say, “One of the most
fascinating aspects of Survivor is watching people justify their
ethics. Nothing is off-limits when it comes to crossing an
ethical line. It comes down to your own personal ethics and how

13. far you can stretch that line in your own self.” As shown in the
case above, Dreamz was willing to really stretch that line and as
a received a nice 3rd place prize. “Survivor” is a show that
should be carefully played by its contestants because there is
very little ethics involved, as everyone is simply aiming for that
grand prize.
MSNBC’s “Today Television”, goes on to talk about a
book by Bernard Gert. The book is called, “Common Morality”
and states the 10 rules of moral behavior. Gert says the first 5
rules include, “don't kill, don't cause pain, don't disable, don't
cause loss of freedom, and don’t deprive of pleasure.” The
second 5 rules apply more to reality TV shows as they are stated
as, “don't deceive, keep your promises, don't cheat, obey the
law, and do your duty.” We saw these 5 rules apply to the
people in “Survivor” as well as “The Moment of Truth”. Other
shows that these rules apply to include, “Big Brother”, “Hells
Kitchen”, “The Biggest Loser”, etc. These rules, as stated by
Bernard Gert, are very similar to the Virtue Moral Theories. For
example, the virtues include: being honest, responsible,
trustworthy, patient, tolerant, generous, compassionate,
friendly, and many others. However, many contestants often go
against these virtues because they start to care very little about
their competitors and care more about the prize. By doing this,
they are also going against the Kantian Theory, which asks
people to treat other people the way they want to be treated in
return. An example of a reality show that raises a lot of
eyebrows is known as “Kid Nation”. The reality TV show is
based on 8-15 year old children who are asked to create their
own world without any adults. Many people think that this age
group is too young to be on reality TV. These kids are required
to follow the Virtue Moral Theories, as they have to work
together in order to complete the task. However, their ultimate
goal is to win as many gold stars as possible. This makes them
want to stand out so that they are the ones winning the gold
star. But in order to do this, they must work together and be

14. honest, responsible, patient and friendly towards each other.
They must also follow the Kantian Theory by treating each
other the way they want to be treated in return. A show in which
these theories are not followed is called, “$25 Million Hoax”.
According to ABC news, a woman is asked to torture her family
by telling them that she won the lottery, when in reality she did
not. This goes against the Virtue Moral Theories because she is
not being honest with her family. Along with this, she goes
against the Care-based Feminist Writings, which require one to
be loving and caring. By pretending to win the lottery, she is
torturing her family members, which is very mean and uncaring.
As a result of doing all of this, she will not have earned a
lottery; instead she will earn a little paycheck. Although some
may say it is the producer’s fault for airing this type of show, I
believe that it is the contestant’s fault for going onto a show
such as this.
For the majority of reality shows, from the producer’s
standpoint, they should continue to air these types of shows
because many people at home enjoy it. This shows that they are
following the Utilitarian Approach by bringing the greatest
amount of happiness to the greatest number. The same goes for
the producer’s of “Survivor”, as they are bringing the greatest
amount of happiness to the greatest number of people by airing
this reality TV show. According to ABC news, Survivor is the
top rated reality TV show of the decade. That shows a lot about
the success of this show, which is why producers and
contestants keep coming back each season to start over again.
The majority of reality TV shows should continue to be aired
because they are bringing a great amount of entertainment to the
public. Most contestants have an option to go onto these shows,
as they are not forced. Although there are many ethical
behaviors that contestants should refrain from doing, all of it is
a part of the show.

15. Work Cited
Dehnart, Andy. "Cruel Reality Shows - Entertainment - Reality
TV - TODAY.com." TODAY.com: Matt Lauer, Ann Curry, Al
Roker, Natalie Morales - TODAY Show Video, News, Recipes,
Health, Pets. Web. 12 Nov. 2011.
<http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/6354166/ns/today-
entertainment/t/cruel-reality-shows-dont-play-fair/>.
Dehnart, Andy. "Reality TV Presents Plenty of Moral Dilemmas
- Entertainment - Television - TODAY.com." TODAY.com:
Matt Lauer, Ann Curry, Al Roker, Natalie Morales - TODAY
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<http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/27917852/ns/today-
entertainment/t/reality-tv-presents-plenty-moral-dilemmas/>.
"Reality TV Ethics Debate in India | PRI.ORG." PRI: Public
Radio International. Web. 12 Nov. 2011.
<http://www.pri.org/stories/arts-entertainment/reality-tv-india-

16. ethics-debate1542.html>.
Seitz, Matt Z. "Reality TV." Salon. 1 Sept. 2011. Web. 12 Nov.
2011.
<http://www.salon.com/2011/09/01/reality_tv_code_of_ethics/>
.
Sheila Marikar. "The Top 10 Reality TV Shows of the Decade -
ABC News." ABCNews.com: Daily News, Breaking News and
Video Broadcasts - ABC News. Web. 12 Nov. 2011.
<http://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/Decade/top-10-reality-
tv-shows-decade/story?id=9210225>.
"'Survivor' Ethics: The Saga of Dreamz and Yau-Man." Ethics
Scoreboard. Web. 12 Nov. 2011.
<http://www.ethicsscoreboard.com/list/survivor.html>.