The sheet metal cutting process is a main part of the all industries. Normally the sheet metal cutting machine is manually hand operated one for medium and small scale industries. In our project is "Analysis Of Hydraulic Sheet Cutting Machine And Its Fixture By Using FEA"ย. Automation in the modern world is inevitable. Any automatic machine aimed at the economical use of man, machine, and material worth the most. The sheet metal cutting machine is used to cut the small size of sheet metal. The machine is portable in size, so easy transportable. The sheet metal cutting machine works with the help of hydraulic cylinder. The piston is connected to the moving cutting tool. It is used to cut the small size of sheet metal. The machine is portable in size, so easy transportable. Ms. Mayuri Kishor Dhande | Mr. Tushar Devidas Garse "Analysis of Hydraulic Sheet Cutting Machine and its Fixture by using FEA" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd25315.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/25315/analysis-of-hydraulic-sheet-cutting-machine-and-its-fixture-by-using-fea/ms-mayuri-kishor-dhande
MULTI OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION OF CUTTING PARAMETERS IN TURNING OPERATION OF ST...IAEME Publication
ย
Turning is a machining operation in which the cutting tool moves linearly while the work piece rotates to remove material. Turning is one the most important machining operation in
industries. The process of turning is influenced by many factors such as the cutting velocity, feed rate, depth of cut, geometry of cutting tool cutting conditions etc.
all the figures i have done that are from "Product design" by Kevin Otto and Kristin Wood.
I have conducted all sorts of engineering analysis and done the project.
IRJET- Fabrication of Multi-Operation Machine for Disaster ManagementIRJET Journal
ย
This document describes the design and fabrication of a low-cost multi-operation machine for use in disaster management situations. The machine is designed to perform horizontal drilling, cutting of wood, metal and PVC pipes, grinding, and circular sawing using a single motor and belt drive system. The design process included analyzing the power requirements and forces involved in different operations, calculating optimal spindle speeds, and designing the frame to accommodate three shafts to transmit power to different tools. A 1.5 HP motor was selected to power the machine. The final low-cost machine is intended to provide basic machining capabilities in areas affected by disasters that may lack access to full workshop facilities.
Structural and Vibration Analysis of a Machine Shaft using Finite Element Ana...ijtsrd
ย
The present study is a simulation of a machine shaft. The study will be done on FEM simulation software called Ansys 14.5, where a modal would be developed which will undergo a process of meshing. Meshing will divide the modal in extremely small units without changing the shape of actual geometry which will help the software to study the change at every small unit of the model. Then the of the modal would be defined in terms of inlet and outlet thereafter the boundary condition and design equation would be applied to get the desired result. Syed Minal Hussian Jafri | Prof Amit Kaimkuriya ""Structural and Vibration Analysis of a Machine Shaft using Finite Element Analysis"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23844.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/23844/structural-and-vibration-analysis-of-a-machine-shaft-using-finite-element-analysis/syed-minal-hussian-jafri
This document summarizes research on optimizing friction stir welding (FSW) parameters using different tool profiles. It reviews several studies that investigated how tool geometry, rotational speed, feed rate, and depth of cut influence joint strength in FSW. The document also examines the effects of different tool profiles and heat treatments on the mechanical properties and microstructure of aluminum alloy welds. Overall, the research aims to weld two aluminum alloy plates using various tool profiles and optimize joint strength through parametric optimization of the FSW process.
Dynamic Analysis of Foundation Supporting Rotary MachineIJERA Editor
ย
With the advancement of technology in the field of industry, high speed machinery has been developed. As the speed of machinery has increased, vibrations also increased. Machines transmit vibrations to the structure supporting them. Hence, it is important to design and develop such structure which sustains the vibrations of machinery. Hence, in this study it has been aimed to execute the study on foundations supporting rotary type of machine like blower. In this paper, the most important parameters like frequency and amplitude are considered while execution of analysis of machine foundation supporting blower type machine. This paper shows, better interface between foundation designer and machine manufacturer for better performance of machine. The design aids/approaches for foundation design is also described in this paper and an attempt has been made to study the dynamic behaviour of a foundation structure for blower type machine subjected to forces due to operation of blower machine. Two different types of foundations for Rotary type Machine that is Blower have been studied in this paper
IRJET- Design and Development of Pneumatic Punching MachineIRJET Journal
ย
The document describes the design and development of a pneumatic punching machine. It uses compressed air to generate high pressure that is applied to a piston. A solenoid valve controls the direction of air flow into and out of the cylinder. Polyurethane tubes transmit pressure from the pneumatic cylinder to the punch assembly. When the punch descends via high air pressure, it causes plastic deformation of the sheet material. The machine is more economical than hydraulic options as it uses inexpensive compressed air instead of hydraulic fluid.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF AXIAL CROSSING OF WORK ROLLS IN ROLLING MILL WORK ROLL...IAEME Publication
ย
Rolling Mill is one of the machine for rolling steel or other metal into sheets. For reliable and efficient working of rolling mill it is necessary that all the components used in rolling mill should work properly without fail. Work roll assembly is very important part of the rolling mill. It has been observed that In hot rolling mill during the metal rolling at finishing mill (4-Hi mill Reversible) , work roll pair come out due to the axial crossing of work rolls and due to which uneven thickness of metal, strip breakage, bending of locking plate, metal shifting and equipment breakdown occurs. After the Study it has been observed that wear of the work roll liner is one of the reasons for the axial crossing of the work rolls.
MULTI OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION OF CUTTING PARAMETERS IN TURNING OPERATION OF ST...IAEME Publication
ย
Turning is a machining operation in which the cutting tool moves linearly while the work piece rotates to remove material. Turning is one the most important machining operation in
industries. The process of turning is influenced by many factors such as the cutting velocity, feed rate, depth of cut, geometry of cutting tool cutting conditions etc.
all the figures i have done that are from "Product design" by Kevin Otto and Kristin Wood.
I have conducted all sorts of engineering analysis and done the project.
IRJET- Fabrication of Multi-Operation Machine for Disaster ManagementIRJET Journal
ย
This document describes the design and fabrication of a low-cost multi-operation machine for use in disaster management situations. The machine is designed to perform horizontal drilling, cutting of wood, metal and PVC pipes, grinding, and circular sawing using a single motor and belt drive system. The design process included analyzing the power requirements and forces involved in different operations, calculating optimal spindle speeds, and designing the frame to accommodate three shafts to transmit power to different tools. A 1.5 HP motor was selected to power the machine. The final low-cost machine is intended to provide basic machining capabilities in areas affected by disasters that may lack access to full workshop facilities.
Structural and Vibration Analysis of a Machine Shaft using Finite Element Ana...ijtsrd
ย
The present study is a simulation of a machine shaft. The study will be done on FEM simulation software called Ansys 14.5, where a modal would be developed which will undergo a process of meshing. Meshing will divide the modal in extremely small units without changing the shape of actual geometry which will help the software to study the change at every small unit of the model. Then the of the modal would be defined in terms of inlet and outlet thereafter the boundary condition and design equation would be applied to get the desired result. Syed Minal Hussian Jafri | Prof Amit Kaimkuriya ""Structural and Vibration Analysis of a Machine Shaft using Finite Element Analysis"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23844.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/23844/structural-and-vibration-analysis-of-a-machine-shaft-using-finite-element-analysis/syed-minal-hussian-jafri
This document summarizes research on optimizing friction stir welding (FSW) parameters using different tool profiles. It reviews several studies that investigated how tool geometry, rotational speed, feed rate, and depth of cut influence joint strength in FSW. The document also examines the effects of different tool profiles and heat treatments on the mechanical properties and microstructure of aluminum alloy welds. Overall, the research aims to weld two aluminum alloy plates using various tool profiles and optimize joint strength through parametric optimization of the FSW process.
Dynamic Analysis of Foundation Supporting Rotary MachineIJERA Editor
ย
With the advancement of technology in the field of industry, high speed machinery has been developed. As the speed of machinery has increased, vibrations also increased. Machines transmit vibrations to the structure supporting them. Hence, it is important to design and develop such structure which sustains the vibrations of machinery. Hence, in this study it has been aimed to execute the study on foundations supporting rotary type of machine like blower. In this paper, the most important parameters like frequency and amplitude are considered while execution of analysis of machine foundation supporting blower type machine. This paper shows, better interface between foundation designer and machine manufacturer for better performance of machine. The design aids/approaches for foundation design is also described in this paper and an attempt has been made to study the dynamic behaviour of a foundation structure for blower type machine subjected to forces due to operation of blower machine. Two different types of foundations for Rotary type Machine that is Blower have been studied in this paper
IRJET- Design and Development of Pneumatic Punching MachineIRJET Journal
ย
The document describes the design and development of a pneumatic punching machine. It uses compressed air to generate high pressure that is applied to a piston. A solenoid valve controls the direction of air flow into and out of the cylinder. Polyurethane tubes transmit pressure from the pneumatic cylinder to the punch assembly. When the punch descends via high air pressure, it causes plastic deformation of the sheet material. The machine is more economical than hydraulic options as it uses inexpensive compressed air instead of hydraulic fluid.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF AXIAL CROSSING OF WORK ROLLS IN ROLLING MILL WORK ROLL...IAEME Publication
ย
Rolling Mill is one of the machine for rolling steel or other metal into sheets. For reliable and efficient working of rolling mill it is necessary that all the components used in rolling mill should work properly without fail. Work roll assembly is very important part of the rolling mill. It has been observed that In hot rolling mill during the metal rolling at finishing mill (4-Hi mill Reversible) , work roll pair come out due to the axial crossing of work rolls and due to which uneven thickness of metal, strip breakage, bending of locking plate, metal shifting and equipment breakdown occurs. After the Study it has been observed that wear of the work roll liner is one of the reasons for the axial crossing of the work rolls.
Friction Stir Welding of Magnesium Alloys - A Reviewmsejjournal
ย
The selection of proper material for each application is a critical part in every manufacturing industry.
In the field of aerospace and automobile the major requirement is light weight yet strong material which
can possess every aspect of design parameters. Magnesium alloy one of the major raw material used in
these industries due to its light weight, good thermal conductivity etc. Also Friction stir welding is the
joining process that is being used in these industries as it is a solid state joining process. This paper
gives a detailed review about Friction Stir welding of Mg alloys. The review period is considered from
2009 to 2015.A detailed review about Friction stir welding of Mg alloys has not been done before in this
manner. This review work may be a ready reference for subsequent researchers.
IRJET- Thermal Analysis of Milling Cutter using Finite Element Analysis ToolIRJET Journal
ย
This document discusses thermal analysis of milling cutters using finite element analysis. It begins with an introduction to milling processes and cutter geometry. Analytical calculations are presented to determine forces and stresses on cutters during milling based on given process parameters like speed and power. These forces are then used to calculate cutting temperatures using analytical thermal models. The goals of the analysis are to understand stress components on cutters and compare materials like HSS and cemented carbide. Finite element analysis software ANSYS is used to further analyze stresses and deformation on the cutters.
TENSILE BEHAVIOUR OF ALUMINIUM PLATES (5083) WELDED BY FRICTION STIR WELDING IAEME Publication
ย
Using arc welding, gas welding and other welding process, it is very difficult to weld the aluminum alloys. Friction stir welding, on the other hand, can be used to join most Al alloys and
better surface finishing is achieved. Although the work piece does heat up during friction stir weld, the temperature does not reach the melting point.
This document describes the design of a progressive die for manufacturing self-explosive reactive armor holders for tanks. A progressive die was chosen, which performs a series of operations across five stations to produce the part. The die design was modeled in SolidWorks and simulated using Logopress3 software. Tool steel D2 is selected for components subjected to wear. Structural steel St-42 is used for other parts. Force and stress analyses were conducted to validate the die design meets the required specifications for the existing press machine at Bishoftu Motorization Industry in Ethiopia. The designed progressive die will allow local production of the armor holders rather than importing them.
Friction stir welding of aluminium 5086 alloyseSAT Journals
ย
Abstract Friction Stir welding (FSW) is a solid state attachment method used for welding of metals of same and different metals. This process of friction stir welding (FSW) is widely using for the reason it can produces sound welds and doesn't have common issues like solidification and liquefaction cracking connected to the fusion techniques. The Friction stir welding of Al 5086 alloys had been commercialized and up to date interest is targeted on change of integrity with different metals. Thus on commercialize this method, analysis studies are required to characterize. particularly, FSW has impressed researchers to aim modification of integrity different metals like aluminum 5086 that differ in properties and sound welds with none or restricted inter metallic bonding of components has been done. In this paper we have to make a research on the current analysis state of FSW between aluminum 5086 with attention on the resulting welding and tensile strength, microstructure, elongation and the tools are used to produce the welds and also an insight into future analysis during this process of study the project of friction welding. By this process in our project we got an idea of going to maintain the rotational speed (rpm) 450 to 1400 and also by changing welding rpm (speed). This friction stir welding is used in nasa for joining of two totally different or same types of materials. Keywords: Friction stir welding, Tool, Welding parameters, and Mechanical properties etcโฆ
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
INVESTIGATION ON FRICTION STIR WELDING OF SIMILAR ALUMINIUM ALLOYS (AA6061) ...RenukaReddyVudumula
ย
Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is the latest innovative and most complex process that is widely applied to the welding of lightweight alloys, such as aluminum alloys. this process provides the frictional heating and plastic deformation realized at the interaction between a non-consumable welding tool that rotates on the contact surfaces of the work-pieces. The welding tool is positioned vertically on the material and then moved at welding speed along the joint line.
The plasticized material is transferred behind the tool, forming a welded joint.
In this research, a new approach for friction-stir welding of similar alloys of aluminum alloy 6061 and using cerium particles. The weld mechanical properties of the welds were investigated in this research. The effects of friction-stir welding process parameters such as tool rotational and traverse speeds were also examined. Mechanical properties of the welded parts will be examined by using tensile test, Impact test, and Hardness test.
Design And Fabrication Of Manually Operated Crop TransplanterIJSRED
ย
The document describes the design and fabrication of a manually operated crop transplanter. It uses a four-bar linkage mechanism powered by a chain and sprocket system to pick crops from a tray and plant them into the ground. The transplanter aims to reduce the labor and time required for manual transplanting. It can plant an area of 3000 square feet in half an hour with one person. The device is made from inexpensive and easily available materials like mild steel to keep the cost low so it is affordable for farmers. The design is simple to manufacture and use, and could potentially be improved with automation or power in the future to support larger farms.
IRJET- Pneumatic Operated Hack Saw and GridingIRJET Journal
ย
This document describes a pneumatically operated hacksaw and grinding machine. It aims to achieve higher productivity than electric machines using pneumatic power. The machine uses compressed air and a hacksaw or grinder to cut metal. It has an advantage of working at high pressure with the hacksaw reciprocating to cut shapes as needed. The machine is designed to cut soft metals using compressed air power. It has a simplified design with a cylinder block and piston arrangement. The pneumatic hacksaw and grinder allows for mass production with less time and energy input compared to conventional machines. It can be used in small workshops and industries cost-effectively.
Design and Fabrication Multi Spindle Drilling Machineijtsrd
ย
Generally, the growth of Indian manufacturing sector is largely depends on productivity and quality. Productivity depends upon various factors, one of the major factors is efficiency with which the operation activities are carried out in the industry. Productivity can be highly improved by reducing the machining time and combining the operations etc. As the name indicates multi spindle drilling machines have two spindles driven by a single power head, and these two spindles holding the drill bits are fed into the work piece simultaneously. We can drill two holes at a time with provision of varying centre distance between two drilling spindle. It has advantage of portability. In the conventional manner only one drill can be drilled at a time, but with increase in productivity demands a special purpose machine is needed which will increase productivity by performing multiple operations in one cycle. The Multi spindle drilling machine is an ideal solution to the above problem which is used to perform multi drilling operations at a time. Gaurav Rai | Vijay Kumar Kushwaha | Ajay Kumar Vishwakarma | Anurag Yadav "Design and Fabrication Multi Spindle Drilling Machine" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31049.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/31049/design-and-fabrication-multi-spindle-drilling-machine/gaurav-rai
irjet-Design and Fabrication of Pneumatic Sheet Metal Cutting Machine-A ReviewIRJET Journal
ย
1. The document describes the design and fabrication of a pneumatic sheet metal cutting machine as an alternative to manually operated sheet metal cutters.
2. A pneumatic cylinder powered by a compressor is used to move the cutting tool via a piston. A direction control valve allows the cutting process to be operated pneumatically.
3. The pneumatic sheet metal cutting machine is aimed at small to medium scale industries. It offers advantages over manual cutting like increased production rates, reduced human effort, and improved product quality through reduced errors.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF MULTIFACE HYDRAULIC BENDING MACHINE DIEIRJET Journal
ย
This document discusses the design and analysis of a multifaceted hydraulic bending machine die. It begins with an introduction to bending machine operations and describes how existing die designs require multiple dies and more time/space. The proposed new die design would combine multiple bending shapes into a single die to reduce material usage, errors, and improve efficiency. The document then analyzes the proposed die design using finite element analysis software to simulate stresses and strains on sample materials. Results found the new die design reduced stresses on materials compared to existing designs. In conclusion, the bending die process was determined to be important for manufacturing and the new integrated die design improved production over previous methods.
Fabrication of automatic hydraulic bending and bend removing machineIRJET Journal
ย
This document describes the design and fabrication of an automatic hydraulic bending and bend removing machine. The machine uses hydraulics to bend and remove bends from pipes and rods. It consists of a hydraulic jack, die holders, pulley, slider, wiper motor and battery. Pipes are placed in die holders which are bent by the hydraulic jack when activated by the wiper motor and battery power. Bends can be removed by changing the die to a rectangular one. The machine allows for automated and precise bending and removing of bends in an economical manner compared to conventional methods. It has applications in production industries and automotive workshops.
This document provides a project report on the fabrication of a pneumatic sheet cutting machine. The project aims to develop a cost-effective pneumatic system to increase production output for small to medium scale industries. The current hand-operated machines are slow. The pneumatic system will use compressed air to power a cutting blade and punch to cut and punch metal sheets. This will allow two operations to be performed on the same machine, improving efficiency over traditional methods. The report introduces pneumatics and discusses properties of gases relevant to the technology. It aims to implement pneumatic technology and modify existing mechanisms to create an efficient and affordable automated sheet metal cutting solution.
Welcome to International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
ย
call for paper 2012, hard copy of journal, research paper publishing, where to publish research paper,
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals
This document summarizes the design and development of a multi-operation machine capable of performing shaping, cutting, and grinding operations simultaneously. The machine uses a scotch yoke mechanism and belt and pulley system to transmit power from an electric motor to rotating cutting, grinding, and shaping tools. The objectives are to reduce production time and costs for manufacturing industries by enabling multiple machining operations to occur at once. Components of the machine include an electric motor, pulleys, belts, cutting tool, cutting wheel, and grinding wheel. Calculations are provided for the cutting and material removal rates of the different operations.
This document is a project report submitted by Indranil Mukherjee for their Bachelor of Technology degree in Mechanical Engineering. It outlines the development of a 360 degree flexible drilling machine. Key points include:
- The report includes sections on the drilling process, literature review on drilling optimization, components and specifications of the developed drilling machine, and future applications.
- The flexible drilling machine allows drilling holes horizontally, vertically, or upside down, making it possible to drill in complicated parts and surfaces. It uses rotating hinges, connectors, a motor mount and supporting structure.
- The machine possesses a radial arm with the drilling head that can swing and move vertically, allowing drilling in various positions from a single
1. The document describes a 4-in-1 mini lathe machine that can function as a drill press, mini lathe, thickness sander, and disc sander. It allows multiple machining processes to be performed using a single portable machine.
2. The machine is made from durable mild steel and plywood to be lightweight and portable. It can perform operations like drilling, turning, thickness sanding, and disc sanding.
3. By combining multiple tools into one compact machine, it saves space, time, effort, and expense compared to separate tools. Some precision was sacrificed to minimize the machine's weight and improve portability.
A Review on Fabrication of Universal Drilling MachineIRJET Journal
ย
This document discusses the design of a universal drilling machine that aims to provide increased flexibility and reduced effort compared to traditional drilling machines. The universal drilling machine combines features of a bench drill and hand drill. It has a base frame, vertical arm, robotic arm, bearings, links, motor, drill chuck, drill bit, battery, wires, and switch. The arms and links allow flexibility of movement while drilling to access different work surfaces. This provides more freedom of movement than a bench drill while requiring less effort than a hand drill. The goal is a portable drilling machine that maintains accuracy and stability during operation to improve efficiency of drilling tasks.
This document describes the design and construction of a slicer machine used in food industries to quickly slice vegetables like potatoes, onions, and papayas for making chips. The machine uses an electric motor connected to a rotating blade to slice the vegetables that are fed through a guide pipe. This allows for mass production of slices and saves both time and human effort compared to manual slicing. The main components include a frame, guide pipe, motor, movable plate connected to the shaft to push vegetables towards the blade, and fixed plate within the guide pipe.
Multi-Functional Machine with Electro-Magnetic ClutchIJCMESJOURNAL
ย
This document describes the design of a multi-functional machine that can perform drilling, grinding, and cutting operations simultaneously. It uses a scotch yoke mechanism and bevel gears to transfer power to different working areas from a single power source. The machine aims to reduce manufacturing costs by consolidating multiple machines into one. It is composed of components like a transformer, DC gear motor, conveyor belt, electromagnetic clutch, gears, and other tools. Calculations show the design has around 6% error in power transmission and 3% error in stroke length. The conclusion is that this multi-tasking machine can help industries reduce time, costs and space compared to separate single-function machines.
Friction Stir Welding of Magnesium Alloys - A Reviewmsejjournal
ย
The selection of proper material for each application is a critical part in every manufacturing industry.
In the field of aerospace and automobile the major requirement is light weight yet strong material which
can possess every aspect of design parameters. Magnesium alloy one of the major raw material used in
these industries due to its light weight, good thermal conductivity etc. Also Friction stir welding is the
joining process that is being used in these industries as it is a solid state joining process. This paper
gives a detailed review about Friction Stir welding of Mg alloys. The review period is considered from
2009 to 2015.A detailed review about Friction stir welding of Mg alloys has not been done before in this
manner. This review work may be a ready reference for subsequent researchers.
IRJET- Thermal Analysis of Milling Cutter using Finite Element Analysis ToolIRJET Journal
ย
This document discusses thermal analysis of milling cutters using finite element analysis. It begins with an introduction to milling processes and cutter geometry. Analytical calculations are presented to determine forces and stresses on cutters during milling based on given process parameters like speed and power. These forces are then used to calculate cutting temperatures using analytical thermal models. The goals of the analysis are to understand stress components on cutters and compare materials like HSS and cemented carbide. Finite element analysis software ANSYS is used to further analyze stresses and deformation on the cutters.
TENSILE BEHAVIOUR OF ALUMINIUM PLATES (5083) WELDED BY FRICTION STIR WELDING IAEME Publication
ย
Using arc welding, gas welding and other welding process, it is very difficult to weld the aluminum alloys. Friction stir welding, on the other hand, can be used to join most Al alloys and
better surface finishing is achieved. Although the work piece does heat up during friction stir weld, the temperature does not reach the melting point.
This document describes the design of a progressive die for manufacturing self-explosive reactive armor holders for tanks. A progressive die was chosen, which performs a series of operations across five stations to produce the part. The die design was modeled in SolidWorks and simulated using Logopress3 software. Tool steel D2 is selected for components subjected to wear. Structural steel St-42 is used for other parts. Force and stress analyses were conducted to validate the die design meets the required specifications for the existing press machine at Bishoftu Motorization Industry in Ethiopia. The designed progressive die will allow local production of the armor holders rather than importing them.
Friction stir welding of aluminium 5086 alloyseSAT Journals
ย
Abstract Friction Stir welding (FSW) is a solid state attachment method used for welding of metals of same and different metals. This process of friction stir welding (FSW) is widely using for the reason it can produces sound welds and doesn't have common issues like solidification and liquefaction cracking connected to the fusion techniques. The Friction stir welding of Al 5086 alloys had been commercialized and up to date interest is targeted on change of integrity with different metals. Thus on commercialize this method, analysis studies are required to characterize. particularly, FSW has impressed researchers to aim modification of integrity different metals like aluminum 5086 that differ in properties and sound welds with none or restricted inter metallic bonding of components has been done. In this paper we have to make a research on the current analysis state of FSW between aluminum 5086 with attention on the resulting welding and tensile strength, microstructure, elongation and the tools are used to produce the welds and also an insight into future analysis during this process of study the project of friction welding. By this process in our project we got an idea of going to maintain the rotational speed (rpm) 450 to 1400 and also by changing welding rpm (speed). This friction stir welding is used in nasa for joining of two totally different or same types of materials. Keywords: Friction stir welding, Tool, Welding parameters, and Mechanical properties etcโฆ
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
INVESTIGATION ON FRICTION STIR WELDING OF SIMILAR ALUMINIUM ALLOYS (AA6061) ...RenukaReddyVudumula
ย
Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is the latest innovative and most complex process that is widely applied to the welding of lightweight alloys, such as aluminum alloys. this process provides the frictional heating and plastic deformation realized at the interaction between a non-consumable welding tool that rotates on the contact surfaces of the work-pieces. The welding tool is positioned vertically on the material and then moved at welding speed along the joint line.
The plasticized material is transferred behind the tool, forming a welded joint.
In this research, a new approach for friction-stir welding of similar alloys of aluminum alloy 6061 and using cerium particles. The weld mechanical properties of the welds were investigated in this research. The effects of friction-stir welding process parameters such as tool rotational and traverse speeds were also examined. Mechanical properties of the welded parts will be examined by using tensile test, Impact test, and Hardness test.
Design And Fabrication Of Manually Operated Crop TransplanterIJSRED
ย
The document describes the design and fabrication of a manually operated crop transplanter. It uses a four-bar linkage mechanism powered by a chain and sprocket system to pick crops from a tray and plant them into the ground. The transplanter aims to reduce the labor and time required for manual transplanting. It can plant an area of 3000 square feet in half an hour with one person. The device is made from inexpensive and easily available materials like mild steel to keep the cost low so it is affordable for farmers. The design is simple to manufacture and use, and could potentially be improved with automation or power in the future to support larger farms.
IRJET- Pneumatic Operated Hack Saw and GridingIRJET Journal
ย
This document describes a pneumatically operated hacksaw and grinding machine. It aims to achieve higher productivity than electric machines using pneumatic power. The machine uses compressed air and a hacksaw or grinder to cut metal. It has an advantage of working at high pressure with the hacksaw reciprocating to cut shapes as needed. The machine is designed to cut soft metals using compressed air power. It has a simplified design with a cylinder block and piston arrangement. The pneumatic hacksaw and grinder allows for mass production with less time and energy input compared to conventional machines. It can be used in small workshops and industries cost-effectively.
Design and Fabrication Multi Spindle Drilling Machineijtsrd
ย
Generally, the growth of Indian manufacturing sector is largely depends on productivity and quality. Productivity depends upon various factors, one of the major factors is efficiency with which the operation activities are carried out in the industry. Productivity can be highly improved by reducing the machining time and combining the operations etc. As the name indicates multi spindle drilling machines have two spindles driven by a single power head, and these two spindles holding the drill bits are fed into the work piece simultaneously. We can drill two holes at a time with provision of varying centre distance between two drilling spindle. It has advantage of portability. In the conventional manner only one drill can be drilled at a time, but with increase in productivity demands a special purpose machine is needed which will increase productivity by performing multiple operations in one cycle. The Multi spindle drilling machine is an ideal solution to the above problem which is used to perform multi drilling operations at a time. Gaurav Rai | Vijay Kumar Kushwaha | Ajay Kumar Vishwakarma | Anurag Yadav "Design and Fabrication Multi Spindle Drilling Machine" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31049.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/31049/design-and-fabrication-multi-spindle-drilling-machine/gaurav-rai
irjet-Design and Fabrication of Pneumatic Sheet Metal Cutting Machine-A ReviewIRJET Journal
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1. The document describes the design and fabrication of a pneumatic sheet metal cutting machine as an alternative to manually operated sheet metal cutters.
2. A pneumatic cylinder powered by a compressor is used to move the cutting tool via a piston. A direction control valve allows the cutting process to be operated pneumatically.
3. The pneumatic sheet metal cutting machine is aimed at small to medium scale industries. It offers advantages over manual cutting like increased production rates, reduced human effort, and improved product quality through reduced errors.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF MULTIFACE HYDRAULIC BENDING MACHINE DIEIRJET Journal
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This document discusses the design and analysis of a multifaceted hydraulic bending machine die. It begins with an introduction to bending machine operations and describes how existing die designs require multiple dies and more time/space. The proposed new die design would combine multiple bending shapes into a single die to reduce material usage, errors, and improve efficiency. The document then analyzes the proposed die design using finite element analysis software to simulate stresses and strains on sample materials. Results found the new die design reduced stresses on materials compared to existing designs. In conclusion, the bending die process was determined to be important for manufacturing and the new integrated die design improved production over previous methods.
Fabrication of automatic hydraulic bending and bend removing machineIRJET Journal
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This document describes the design and fabrication of an automatic hydraulic bending and bend removing machine. The machine uses hydraulics to bend and remove bends from pipes and rods. It consists of a hydraulic jack, die holders, pulley, slider, wiper motor and battery. Pipes are placed in die holders which are bent by the hydraulic jack when activated by the wiper motor and battery power. Bends can be removed by changing the die to a rectangular one. The machine allows for automated and precise bending and removing of bends in an economical manner compared to conventional methods. It has applications in production industries and automotive workshops.
This document provides a project report on the fabrication of a pneumatic sheet cutting machine. The project aims to develop a cost-effective pneumatic system to increase production output for small to medium scale industries. The current hand-operated machines are slow. The pneumatic system will use compressed air to power a cutting blade and punch to cut and punch metal sheets. This will allow two operations to be performed on the same machine, improving efficiency over traditional methods. The report introduces pneumatics and discusses properties of gases relevant to the technology. It aims to implement pneumatic technology and modify existing mechanisms to create an efficient and affordable automated sheet metal cutting solution.
Welcome to International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
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This document summarizes the design and development of a multi-operation machine capable of performing shaping, cutting, and grinding operations simultaneously. The machine uses a scotch yoke mechanism and belt and pulley system to transmit power from an electric motor to rotating cutting, grinding, and shaping tools. The objectives are to reduce production time and costs for manufacturing industries by enabling multiple machining operations to occur at once. Components of the machine include an electric motor, pulleys, belts, cutting tool, cutting wheel, and grinding wheel. Calculations are provided for the cutting and material removal rates of the different operations.
This document is a project report submitted by Indranil Mukherjee for their Bachelor of Technology degree in Mechanical Engineering. It outlines the development of a 360 degree flexible drilling machine. Key points include:
- The report includes sections on the drilling process, literature review on drilling optimization, components and specifications of the developed drilling machine, and future applications.
- The flexible drilling machine allows drilling holes horizontally, vertically, or upside down, making it possible to drill in complicated parts and surfaces. It uses rotating hinges, connectors, a motor mount and supporting structure.
- The machine possesses a radial arm with the drilling head that can swing and move vertically, allowing drilling in various positions from a single
1. The document describes a 4-in-1 mini lathe machine that can function as a drill press, mini lathe, thickness sander, and disc sander. It allows multiple machining processes to be performed using a single portable machine.
2. The machine is made from durable mild steel and plywood to be lightweight and portable. It can perform operations like drilling, turning, thickness sanding, and disc sanding.
3. By combining multiple tools into one compact machine, it saves space, time, effort, and expense compared to separate tools. Some precision was sacrificed to minimize the machine's weight and improve portability.
A Review on Fabrication of Universal Drilling MachineIRJET Journal
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This document discusses the design of a universal drilling machine that aims to provide increased flexibility and reduced effort compared to traditional drilling machines. The universal drilling machine combines features of a bench drill and hand drill. It has a base frame, vertical arm, robotic arm, bearings, links, motor, drill chuck, drill bit, battery, wires, and switch. The arms and links allow flexibility of movement while drilling to access different work surfaces. This provides more freedom of movement than a bench drill while requiring less effort than a hand drill. The goal is a portable drilling machine that maintains accuracy and stability during operation to improve efficiency of drilling tasks.
This document describes the design and construction of a slicer machine used in food industries to quickly slice vegetables like potatoes, onions, and papayas for making chips. The machine uses an electric motor connected to a rotating blade to slice the vegetables that are fed through a guide pipe. This allows for mass production of slices and saves both time and human effort compared to manual slicing. The main components include a frame, guide pipe, motor, movable plate connected to the shaft to push vegetables towards the blade, and fixed plate within the guide pipe.
Multi-Functional Machine with Electro-Magnetic ClutchIJCMESJOURNAL
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This document describes the design of a multi-functional machine that can perform drilling, grinding, and cutting operations simultaneously. It uses a scotch yoke mechanism and bevel gears to transfer power to different working areas from a single power source. The machine aims to reduce manufacturing costs by consolidating multiple machines into one. It is composed of components like a transformer, DC gear motor, conveyor belt, electromagnetic clutch, gears, and other tools. Calculations show the design has around 6% error in power transmission and 3% error in stroke length. The conclusion is that this multi-tasking machine can help industries reduce time, costs and space compared to separate single-function machines.
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effect of high pressure coolant on tool wear during turning operations of EN8 steel. The study found that using a high pressure coolant of 70 bar resulted in less tool wear compared to a low pressure coolant of 10 bar. Specifically, with the high pressure coolant, the tool was able to machine 520 components with a surface roughness value of 1.521 ฮผm, whereas with the low pressure coolant the tool could only machine 160 components with a roughness of 2.923 ฮผm. Scanning electron microscope images also showed less wear on the tool tip when using the high pressure coolant. Therefore, the study demonstrated that high pressure coolant can significantly reduce tool wear during turning hard metals
DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF PARALYSIS PATIENT LIFTERIRJET Journal
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This document describes the design and fabrication of a lifting device for paralysis patients. The device aims to help transfer patients from bed to wheelchair or other areas with less effort. It uses a simple mechanism of a toggle jack powered by a DC motor and battery to lift and lower the patient. The lifter is intended to be portable, low-cost, easy to operate, and reduce physical strain on caregivers compared to manual lifting. It was designed and built by students using commonly available materials like mild steel through various fabrication processes like cutting, welding, and assembly. The final product is intended to safely and comfortably move paralysis patients within a hospital or home setting.
IRJET-Production of Hybrid Aluminium Matrix Composite with Welding Slag and F...IRJET Journal
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This document describes the design and fabrication of a multi-purpose tooling machine. The machine allows five operations - drilling, shaping, cutting, buffing, and grinding - to be performed simultaneously using a single machine. This is more efficient than separate machines for each operation as it saves space, time, and costs for industries. The machine uses a belt drive system connected to pulleys and bevel gears to transfer power from an electric motor to shafts that drive the various tools. A scotch yoke mechanism is also used to convert rotational motion to reciprocating motion for shaping. The machine aims to improve productivity while reducing production costs for industries.
Study of Fabrication of Multipurpose Tooling MachineIRJET Journal
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This document describes the design and fabrication of a multi-purpose tooling machine. The machine allows five operations - drilling, shaping, cutting, buffing, and grinding - to be performed simultaneously using a single machine. This is more efficient than separate machines for each operation as it saves space, time, and costs for industries. The machine uses a belt drive system connected to pulleys and bevel gears to transfer power from an electric motor to shafts that drive the various tools. A scotch yoke mechanism is also used to convert rotational motion to reciprocating motion for shaping. The machine aims to improve productivity while reducing production costs for industries.
This document provides an overview of a mini project on designing and fabricating a mini bench saw machine. It includes an abstract, block diagram, introduction, objectives, parts used, working principle, result, and conclusion. The project aims to demonstrate an efficient mini bench saw model using an electric motor to power and mount various blades for cutting. It describes the motor, saw blade, spring, switch, and supporting frame components. The working principle explains how the rotating blade is mounted on a swinging arm to cut wood pieces placed on the base. The result is straight and desired cutting of different materials. The conclusion discusses the advantages of this bench saw over conventional sawing methods.
Development of Single Hydraulic Cylinder Operated Sheet Metal Bending MachineIRJET Journal
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This document describes the development of a single hydraulic cylinder operated sheet metal bending machine. It aims to maximize the forces generated by the hydraulic cylinder to make the machine lighter and less costly.
The key components of the machine include a lever system to convert the horizontal forces from the cylinder into a vertical downward bending force. A link connects the lever to an upper beam that carries the bending load. Through innovative use of the lever and linkage, both the pushing and pulling forces of the hydraulic cylinder can be utilized for bending, rather than having the pulling force wasted.
An analysis is presented to determine the required bending force based on the material properties and dimensions of the sheet being bent. This force calculation is used to design the machine components
Similar to Analysis of Hydraulic Sheet Cutting Machine and its Fixture by using FEA (20)
โSix Sigma Techniqueโ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
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The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in todayโs competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper โSix Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementationโ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "โSix Sigma Techniqueโ: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/โsix-sigma-techniqueโ-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
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Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
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Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
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Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
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The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
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This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
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Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
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Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
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This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a masterโs degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacherโs knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
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โOne Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the wayโ Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
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This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learnersโ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachersโ confidence in teaching and improving studentsโ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachersโ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on studentsโ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
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This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
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Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. โCarbon capture and storageโ can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
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This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
ย
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
ย
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
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In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
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The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
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The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
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Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
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Analysis of Hydraulic Sheet Cutting Machine and its Fixture by using FEA
1. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD)
Volume 3 Issue 5, August 2019 Available Online: www.ijtsrd.com e-ISSN: 2456 โ 6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID โ IJTSRD25315 | Volume โ 3 | Issue โ 5 | July - August 2019 Page 576
Analysis of Hydraulic Sheet Cutting
Machine and its Fixture by using FEA
Ms. Mayuri Kishor Dhande1, Mr. Tushar Devidas Garse2
1M.Tech Student, 2Assistant Professor
1,2Department of Mechanical Engineering, JTMCOE, Faizpur, Maharashtra, India
How to cite this paper: Ms.Mayuri Kishor
Dhande | Mr. Tushar Devidas Garse
"Analysis of Hydraulic Sheet Cutting
Machine and its Fixture by using FEA"
Published in
International
Journal of Trend in
Scientific Research
and Development
(ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-
6470, Volume-3 |
Issue-5, August
2019, pp.576-579,
https://doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd25315
Copyright ยฉ 2019 by author(s) and
International Journalof Trendin Scientific
Research and Development Journal. This
is an Open Access article distributed
under the terms of
the Creative
CommonsAttribution
License (CC BY 4.0)
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by
/4.0)
ABSTRACT
The sheet metal cutting process is a main part of the all industries. Normally
the sheet metal cutting machine is manually hand operated one for medium
and small scale industries. In our project is โAnalysis Of Hydraulic Sheet
Cutting Machine And Its Fixture By Using FEAโ. Automation in the modern
world is inevitable. Any automatic machine aimed at the economical use of
man, machine, and material worth the most. The sheet metal cutting machine
is used to cut the small size of sheet metal. The machine is portable in size, so
easy transportable. The sheet metal cutting machine works with the help of
hydraulic cylinder. The piston is connected to the moving cutting tool. It is
used to cut the small size of sheet metal. The machine is portable in size, so
easy transportable.
KEYWORDS: Hydraulics, hydraulic jack, control valves, Die, springs
I. INTRODUCTION
The sheet metal cutting process is a main part of the allindustries.Normallythe
sheet metal cutting machine is manually hand operated one for medium and
small scale industries. The metal shit cutting by hand hacksaw is hardworking
and time consuming. The labour charges also increases. Hence the process is
uneconomical. In our project we are making hydraulically powerised machine
which is used for cutting, bending , pressing operations. As a development part
it will be of a small capacity and simple but function properly. The sheet metal
of maximum 0 to 3 mm width can cut easily and 20 to 30mm length of sheet . So
every time the bar has to feed up to stopper manually is the effort and extra
work to operator.
The machine is capable of serving as a hydraulic press,sheet
metal brake, shear for thin sheet metal, and tubing bender is
ideal for use in a home Workshop, where space may be
limited. The basic working principle of hydraulic press is
depends on the Pascalโs law i.e.โ it uses the pressure exerted
on fluid used to crush somethingโ.
Hydraulic systems are used to transfer energybyconverting
mechanical energy to fluid energy, and then back to
mechanical energy. The principle reason for converting to
fluid energy is the convenience of transferring energy to a
new location. Hydraulic drives have many advantages over
other technologies. The ratioof weight, volumeandinertia to
available power is significantly lower than in
electromechanical drives, especially for linear motion.
Hydraulic systems are especially suitable for those
operations characterized by abrupt loading, frequent stops
and starts, reversing and speed variations that cause sharp
peak, cyclic and fluctuating power demands. Many device of
mechanical are based on hydraulic power. Hydraulic device
uses principles of fluid static and fluid kinematics are used
for either storing the hydraulic energy or then transmitting
when needed or maintaining the hydraulic energy several
times and transmitting thesame.In allsuch machines,power
is transmitted with the help of a fluid, which maybewateror
oil. Our mechanism is used in industrial fitting and
maintaining department, in automobile garage or in
industrial workshop. Our project is used for reducing
manufacturing cost and saving time and also to reduce
maintaining cost or a manufacturing cost. Here we
manufacture a lightweight & easy to handle machine so that
you can carry anywhere into the shop. In this project the
force from the press is used to doaparticular operation.This
is done by two main parts die and punch.
DIE: Die is the lower part of the press tool. It is claimed on to
the bolster plate of the press. It remains stationary during
the operation. The die has a capacity suitable or respective
profile to receive the punch. The cavity may or without a
clearance.
PUNCH: Punch is the upper part of the press tool. It is
attached to the lower end of the ram of the press. It slides
with the press ram during the operation and is forced in the
die cavity. The die and punch must be in perfect alignment
for proper operation. Materials used for punch and die,High
speed steel Starlit or cemented carbide.
CLEARANCE: It is the space between thematingmembers of
a die set. Proper clearance between cutting edges enables
the fractures to meet and the fractured position of the
shared edge has a clear appearance. For optimum finish of
cut edge, proper clearance is necessary and is a function of
the kind thickness and temper of the work material.
IJTSRD25315
2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID โ IJTSRD25315 | Volume โ 3 | Issue โ 5 | July - August 2019 Page 577
PUNCH CLEARANCE: For complete clearance of themetalis
necessary that the punch should enter into the cavity of the
die block. The space between each face of the die block and
the corresponding face of the punch block and the
corresponding face on the die is called punch clearance. The
amount of clearance depends upon the type of the material
and the thickness of the blank being should share. The usual
value of the punch clearance is 5% to 8% of the plate
thickness. If the punch clearance is less than the appropriate
clearance, the fracture fails to meet at the center. If the
punch clearance is too great, then the punch and die will
operate like a drawing die.
DIE CLEARANCE: The operating of the die is slightly conical
extending from the cutting edge. The metal is backed off all
around the cutting edge to provide relief. The clearance is
usually ยผ degree which may be moreor less accordingtothe
type of material being punched. The die clearance is also
serves to provide relief to punched metal to fall through
without getting struck up in the die cavity.
ANGULAR CLEARANCE: This is defined as the clearance
below the straight portion of die surface introduced for the
purpose of enabling the blank or the slug (piercing
operation) to clear the die. Angular clearance is usually
ground from ยผ degree to 4 degree per side depending
mainly on stock thickness and the frequency of sharpening.
LEVERS: A lever is a rigid rod or bar capable of turning
about a fixed point called fulcrum.Lever isused as amachine
to apply or lift a load with less effort. The force applied by
the lever may be parallel or inclined to one another.
PRINCIPLE OF LEVERS: The points A and B through which
the load and effort is applied are known as load and effort
point respectively. F is the fulcrum about which the lever is
capable of turning. The perpendicular distance between the
load point and the fulcrum is known as the load arm. The
perpendicular distance between the effort point and the
fulcrum is called as effort arm.
TYPES OF LEVER:
A. First type lever: The fulcrum is in between the load and
the effort arm. Effort arm is greater than load arm.
Mechanical advantage is more than one.
B. Second type lever: The load is in between the fulcrum
and the effort. The effort arm is more than load arm. So
mechanical advantage is more than one.
C. Third type lever: The effort arm is in between the
fulcrum and the effort arm. The effort is less than load
arm. Mechanical advantages are less than one.
II. LITRATURE REVIEW
This is an era of automation where it is broadly defined as
replacement of manual effort by mechanical power in all
degrees of automation. The operation remains an essential
part of the system although with changing demands on
physical input as the degree of mechanization is increased.
Automation can be achieved through computers,hydraulics,
pneumatics, robotics, etc., of these sources, pneumaticsform
an attractive medium for low cost automation.
K. Sainath, Mohdsalahuddin MohdjibranBaig, MdAzam Ali
Farooky,Mohammes Siddique Ahmed, MohdRiyaz Uddin,
Faraz Ur Rehman Azhar,Md Shaffi [1]explainsthathydraulic
jack depends on force generated by pressure.Ajackisdevice
which uses to lift heavy loads by force. A jack can be
categorized by the type of force which they employ :
mechanical or hydraulic jack. Mechanical jack such as car
jack , house jack and hydraulic jack such as bottle jack or
floor jack.
Chinthakindi Vinod, P. Chandra Kumar, CH. Sharath Reddy
[2] explains that in present world automation is the need of
time in order to reduce the human effort. Hydraulicmachine
have different type of uses like pipe bending, sheet bending
operations and many more. pipes and sheets are used in
various fabrication works and architectural work . To bend
these pipes and sheets in various is very hard by manually.
Using a particular machine to develop the sheets and pipes
will be useful. Designing of machine is done in software
CATIA and analysis of work piece are done to find strain,
stress, deformation with the help of ANSYS software.
Bhushan v. Golechha, Prashant S. Kulkarni [3] explains the
power press machine working. It is a cheap less
manufacturing process. Theof thisprocesstoreducethecost
and weight of pneumatic press without reducing the quality
of output. For the analysis of project ANSYS software used.
Power press is useful for large quantities of articles quickly,
accurately and economically. there are three types of power
press : mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic . Somefeatures
of this press are common.
Mustafa Telwala, Anand Parikh, Vaja Hitesh, Hardikbhai
Dabhi, Rajdipsingh G.Vaghela, Hardik N. Chauhan (2015) [4]
explains that power press working machine is a cheap less
manufacturing process. Press has a bed, frame which exerts
force upon work material through special tool. For the
analysis of force and load solid works software has been
used. The main aim of the frame is to withstand the force
developed by ram. C-type frame is mostly used frame.
Malachy Sumaila and Akii Okonigbon Akaehomen Ibhadode
(2011) [5] explains that 30 ton hydraulic press was
constructed, designed and tested using available sourced
materials. The main advantageof hydraulicpressesoverthat
they provide more positive response to changes in input
pressure force. The hydraulicpressisanvaluableequipment
in the workshop and laboratories. All workshop inNigeriaal
such machines are imported into the country.
Mohamad M. Saleh B. Engg. , M. Engg. (2012) [6] explains
that systematic study and performance of 150 ton hydraulic
press machine. The study gives the experimental and
theoretical model of machine to establish design analysis at
minimum time and lower cost. This hydraulicpressmachine
used in large capacity of industries. Ti is useful in many of
operations at low cost and low maintenance.
III. OBJECTIVE OF STUDY
The main objective of this project is to analyze the study of
hydraulic press operations like cutting, bending, pressing,
punching. Also perform job holding process effectively with
less human efforts by using machine with hydraulic power.
This machine used in small scale and medium scale
industries.
IV. PROBLEM STATEMENT
Now a days there are lots of cutting machines available in
market for cutting, bending, pressing operations but due to
high cost and high maintenance, for small scale industries
3. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID โ IJTSRD25315 | Volume โ 3 | Issue โ 5 | July - August 2019 Page 578
this machines are not ideal. Also we have found that during
the research there are difficulties while maintaining this
machines . But problem lies in the actual process of forming
these shapes from sheets of metals. various large and heavy
machinery are required and are also available in
manufacturing sector for this purpose. But for a small scale
industry these heavy machinery are not ideal due to high
cost and floor space as well as expertise needed to operate
these machines. also considering the growing need of
automation in the industries these robust and large
machines can not fit in the to serve the purpose of
automation.
To overcome this problem research has been conducted to
find a solution on how to design hydraulic cutting machine
serving all the above problems and satisfy the need of low
cost small size, medium skill requirement and whichisfitfor
future needs and that is what we have tried to achieveinthis
project.
V. METHODOLOGY
In this study we are going to analyze the hydraulic press
operations like cutting, bending, pressing. Every press has
got certain basic units. Base is the lower part of the press
frame. A sheet metal plate is placed on the top of the bed. A
die is fitted on the top of the metal plate. The frame has got
guide ways for the sliding movement of the ram. The punch
is fitted at the bottom of the ram. The die and punch are
correctly aligned. The work piece is in the form of sheet
metal. It is fed over the die. When the ram comes down, the
punch presses the sheet metal. The required operation is
carried out. As said earlier the force from the pressisused to
do a particular operation. This is done by two main parts die
and punch. Mechanization is broadly defined as the
replacement of manual effort by mechanical power.
Hydraulic is an attractive medium for low cost
mechanization particularly for sequential (or) repetitive
operations. Many factories and plants already have
compressed oil system, which is capable of providing the
power (or) energy requirements and the control system
(although equally hydraulic control systems may be
economic and can be advantageously applied to other forms
of power). The main advantage of anallhydraulicsystem are
usually economic and simplicity the latter reducing
maintenance to a low level. It can also have outstanding
advantages in terms of safety.
SELECTION OF HYDRAULICS
Mechanization is broadly defined as the replacement of
manual effort by mechanical power. Hydraulic is an
attractive medium for low cost mechanization particularly
for sequential (or) repetitive operations. Many factories and
plants already have compressed oil system, which is capable
of providing the power (or) energy requirements and the
control system (although equally hydraulic control systems
may be economic and can be advantageously applied to
other forms of power). The main advantage of an all
hydraulic system are usually economic and simplicity the
latter reducing maintenance to a low level. It can also have
outstanding advantages in terms of safety.
PRODUCTION OF COMPRESSED OIL
Hydraulic systems operate on a supply of compressed oil,
which must be made available. In sufficient quantity and ata
pressure to suit the capacity of the system. When hydraulic
system is being adopted for the first time, however it wills
indeed the necessary to deal with the question of
compressed oil supply. The key part of any facilityforsupply
of compressed oil is by means using reciprocating
compressor. A compressor is a machine that takes in oil, gas
at a certain pressure and delivered the oil at a high pressure.
Compressor capacity is the actual quantityof oil compressed
and delivered and the volume expressed is that of the oil at
intake conditions namely at atmosphere pressure and
normal ambient temperature. Clean condition of the suction
oil is one of the factors, which decides the life of a
compressor.
Hydraulic systems possess numerousadvantagesover other
systems of power operation. They are light in weight; they
are simple and extremely reliable, requiring a minimum of
attention and maintenance. Hydraulic controlsaresensitive,
and afford precise controllability. Because of the low inertia
of moving parts, they startandstopin completeobedience to
the desires of the operator, and their operation is positive.
Hydraulic systems are self-lubricated; consequentlythere is
little wear or corrosion. Their operation is not apt to be
interrupted by salt spray or water. Finally, hydraulic units
are relatively quiet in operation, an importantconsideration
when detection by the enemy must be prevented.
WORKING PROCEDURE:
Every press has got certain basic units.Baseis the lower part
of the press frame. A sheet metal plate is placed on the topof
the bed. A die is fitted on the top of the metal plate. The
frame has got guide ways for the sliding movement of the
ram. The punch is fitted at the bottom of the ram. The die
and punch are correctly aligned. The work piece is in the
form of sheet metal. When the ram comes down, the punch
presses the sheet metal. The cam shaft movement is up and
down motion due to cam mechanism. The cam shaft of other
end is connected to the hydraulic pump handle. The
hydraulic handle moves up and down according to the
movement of the cam shaft. So the pressurizedoilgoestothe
hydraulic cylinder and moves the piston upward, so that the
pressure is applied to the cutting tool top to ground. The
following figures of project are drawn into ANSYS software
Fig. 1 Bottom plate
4. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID โ IJTSRD25315 | Volume โ 3 | Issue โ 5 | July - August 2019 Page 579
Fig. 2 Middle Plate
Fig 3 Supporting Rod
Fig. 4 Upper Plate
Fig.5 Equivalent von-misses stress
Fig. 6 Equivalent von-misses stress of upper plate
The above fig. are of von misses stress of bottom plate and
upper plate.
VI. CONCLUSION
In this paper from the above discussion it is concluded that
developed machine can overcome the criterion of cutting
material up to thickness 3mm-5mm with width of 25mm.So
it saves energy, reducestonnagecapacityofmachinereduces
the cost of operation as well as human efforts.
This assembled machine do not required skilled operator. It
is concluded at such kind of machine are very much of
importance in industries for sharing purpose also with this
machine we can remove press fit assemblies of shafts and
gear and for light pressing work.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am deeply expressing my sincere gratitude to my project
guide Prof. T. D. Garse who always supported and guided me
with valuable guidance. I express my immense pleasure and
thankfulness to all faculty members of the Department of
Mechanical Engineering of J. T. M. C. O. E. , Faizpur
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