This document discusses the components, classification, properties, workability, and strength testing of concrete. Concrete is made up of cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, air, and water. It can be classified as hardened or fresh concrete. The properties of fresh concrete include workability, segregation, and bleeding, while hardened concrete properties include strength, impermeability, durability, and dimensional variations. Workability is tested using slump, compaction factor, and Vebe tests. Compressive strength of hardened concrete is tested using cube or cylinder tests.

1. BY
I. JASWANTH REDDY

2. WHAT IS CONCRETE ?
It is an artificial stone, which is widely used in the construction world.
COMPONENTS OF CONCRETE
AIR
CEMENT
COARSE AGGREGATE
FINE AGGREGATE
WATER

3. CLASSIFICATION OF CONCRETE
Depending upon its state, concrete is classified into 2 types.
 Hardened concrete
It is strong in
compression strength but lacks
in tensile strength.
 Fresh concrete
It can be placed into forms
to produce large variety of structural
elements.

4. PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE
Fresh Concrete
Properties of concrete plays a vital role in making good quality concrete.
1. Workability.
2. Segregation.
3. Bleeding.
Hardened Concrete
1. Strength.
2. Impermeability.
3. Durability.
4. Dimensional variations.

5. The workability of concrete means the
ability to do work with concrete.
WHAT IS WORKABILITY OF CONCRETE ?
DIFFERENT TESTS FOR WORKABILITY
 Slump test
 Compaction factor test
 Vebe test
FRESH CONCRETE

6. SLUMP TEST
 Slump is the vertical settlement of fresh concrete after the
mould has been withdrawn.
 It is measured as the difference between the height of the
mould and highest point of the subsided concrete.
NOT SUITABLE
 For very wet or very dry concrete mixes.
 Aggregate size is greater than 40 mm.
SLUMP MEAN
It is to determine workability of the concrete.

7. PROCEDURE
SUITABLE
 For concrete of medium to high workabilities, i.e slump value of 25 mm to 125 mm.
IS CODE : IS 7320-1974

8. COMPACTION FACTOR TEST
Compaction Factor =
weight of 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑦 compacted concrete
weight of 𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙𝑦 compacted concrete
APPARATUS
 Hoppers with polished surface have hinged doors at the bottom.
 Cylindrical mould.
 Trowel
 Rod
NOT SUITABLE
For very low workable concrete because such concrete cannot be
fully compacted.
It is to determine workability of the concrete.

9. IS CODE : IS 5515-1983
PROCEDURE

10. VEBE TEST
NOT SUITABLE
For concrete of higher workability, i.e. Slump above 75 mm.
SUITABLE
For concrete mixes with low or very low workability.
APPARATUS
 Vibrating table
 Elastic supports
 Cylindrical container
 Metal cone open at both ends
 Iron rod
It is to determine workability of the concrete.

11. PROCEDURE
CODE : BS EN 12350-3:2009

12. An approximate relationship between slump and vebe time
Time -
Slump -

13. DIFFERENT TESTS FOR COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
 Cube test
 Cylinder test
HARDENED CONCRETE
WHAT IS COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH?
The Resistance of a material to breaking under compression.
Units : psi in US Customary units or
MPa in SI units.

14. CUBE TEST
APPARATUS
 Iron Moulds 150 mm X 150 mm X 150 mm
 Clamping Equipment's
 Mineral Oil / Normal Oil
 Steel Rule
 Trowel
 Compression Testing Machine
It is conducted to determine the strength of the concrete.

15. PROCEDURE

16. CYLINDER TEST
It is conducted to determine the strength of the concrete.
APPARATUS
 Iron Moulds 150 mm X 150 mm X 150 mm
 Clamping Equipment's
 Mineral Oil / Normal Oil
 Steel Rule
 Trowel
 Compression Testing Machine

17. PROCEDURE

18. REFERENCE