The document outlines the concept of concrete mix design, emphasizing the importance of selecting appropriate ingredients and their proportions to achieve desired strength, durability, and workability. It discusses the classification of concrete grades, the factors influencing mix design, and several methodologies for mix design, primarily focusing on the IS method. Additionally, it provides detailed steps for calculating various mix components based on target strengths and water-cement ratios.

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NIKUL R. GOPANI
SIR B.P.T.I COLLEGE
CIVIL ENGINEERING
GUIDED BY.
Prof. P.D.GOHIL
Prof. P.H.MEGHANI
MIX DESIGN

2. CONTENT
WHAT IS MIX DESIGN ?
GRADE OF CONCRETE.
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE CHOICE OF MIX
DESIGN.
METHODS OF CONCRETE MIX DESIGN
MIX DESIGN BY I.S. METHOD.

3. MIX DESIGN
 The process of selecting suitable ingredients of
concrete and determining their relative quantities
with the objective of producing a concrete of the
required strength, durability, workability and
economically as possible, is termed the concrete mix
design.

4. The characteristic strength of concrete (fck) is
defined as the strength of concrete below
which not more than 5% of the test result are
expected to fall.
What is M 20 ?
M refers to MIX.
20 refers to characteristic compressive
strength of cube (150mm*150mmm*150mm)
at 28 days in N/mm2.
GRADE OF CONCRETE

5. GROUP GRADE
DESIGNATION
SPECIFIED CHARACTERISTIC
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF 150 mm
CUBE AT 28 DAYS, (N/mm2)
ORDINARY
CONCRETE
M 10 10
M 15 15
M 20 20
STANDARD
CONCRETE
M 25 25
M 30 30
M 35 35
M 40 40
M 45 45
M 50 50
M 55 55
HIGH
STRENGTH
CONCRETE
M 60 60
M 65 65
M 70 70
M 75 75
M 80 80

6. TYPES OF
MIX
NOMINAL
MIX
MIX
DESIGN

7. NOMINAL MIX CONCRETE
The Wide use of concrete as construction
material has led to the use of mixes of fixed
proportions, which ensure adequate strength.
These mixes are called NOMINAL MIXES.
Nominal mix concrete may be used for grade
M 5, M 7.5, M 10, M 15, and M 20. The
proportion of material for nominal mix shall be
in accordance with Table-9 of IS : 456-2000.

8. GREDE OF CONCRETE PROPORTION
CEMENT : F.A : C.A
M 5 1 : 5 : 10
M 7.5 1 : 4 : 8
M 10 1 : 3 : 6
M 15 1 : 2 : 4
M 20 1 : 1.5 : 3

9. FACTORS INFLUENCING THE CHOICE
OF MIX DESIGN
1. Grade Of Concrete
2. Type Of Cement
3. Maximum nominal size of Aggregate
4. Grading Of Combined Aggregate
5. Maximum Water/Cement ratio
6. Workability
7. Durability
8. Quality Control

10. METHODS OF CONCRETE MIX DESIGN
I.S. Method
A.C.I. Method (American Concrete Institute Method)
Road Note-4 Method (U.K. Method)
IRC-44 Method
Arbitrary Method
Maximum Density Method
DOE (British Method) etc..

11. I.S. METHOD
TARGET MEAN STRENGTH
SELECTION OF W/C RATIO
DETERMINATION OF WATER CONTENT
CALCUATION OF CEMENT CONTENT
CALCULATION OF MASS OF FINE AGGREGATE
AND COARSE AGGREGATE

12. STEP : 1 Target Strength for Mix
Proportioning
f’ck= Target Mean Strength at 28 Days
fck= Characteristic Strength at 28 Days
t = Tolerance factor= 1.65 (I.S. 10262)
s = Standard Deviation Given in Table

13. SR. NO. GRADE OF CONCRETE ASSUMED STANDARD DEVIATION
(N/mm2)
1. M-10 3.5
2. M-15
3. M-20 4.0
4. M-25
5. M-30 5.0
6. M-35
7. M-40
8. M-45
9. M-50
10. M-55

14. STEP : 2 SELECTION OF WATER CEMENT
RATIO
 Different cements, supplementary cementitious
materials and aggregates of different maximum size,
grading, surface texture, shape and other
characteristics may produce concretes of different
compressive strength for the same free water-cement
ratio.
 Therefore. the relationship between strength and free
water-cement ratio should preferably be established for
the materials actually to be used.

15. • I.S : 456-2000, TABLE 5
SR. NO. EXPOSURE MAXIMUM FREE W/C
RATIO
1. MILD 0.55
2. MODERATE 0.50
3. SEVERE 0.45
4. VERY SEVERE 0.45
5. EXTREME 0.40

16. STEP : 3 WATER CONTENT
SR.
NO.
NOMINAL MAXIMUN
SIZE OF AGGREGATE
(mm)
MAXIMUN WATER
CONTENT (Kg)
1 10 208
2 20 168
3 40 165
NOTE - These quantities of mixing water are for use in computing cementitious
material contents for trial batches.
SLUMP DEDUCTIONS FOR MORE THAN 50mm SUMP.

17. STEP : 4 CALCULATION OF CEMENTITIOUS
MATERIAL CONTENT
The cement and supplementary cementitious
material content per unit volume of concrete
may be calculated from the free water-
cement ratio and the quantity of water per
unit volume of concrete.
CEMENT CONTENT=
𝑊𝐴𝑇𝐸𝑅 𝐶𝑂𝑁𝑇𝐸𝑁𝑇
𝑊
𝐶
𝑅𝐴𝑇𝐼𝑂

18. STEP : 5 ESTIMATION OF COARSE
AGGREGATE PROPORTION
Sr. No. NOMINAL
MAXIMUM
SIZE OF
AGGREGAT
E (MM)
VOLUME OF COARSE AGGREGATE PER UNIT
VOLUMN OF TOTAL AGGREGATE FOR DIFFERENT
ZONES OF FINE AGGREGATE
ZONE-4 ZONE-3 ZONE-2 ZONE-1
1. 10 0.50 0.48 0.46 0.44
2. 20 0.66 0.64 0.62 0.60
3. 40 0.75 0.73 0.71 0.69
CONTENT OF FINE AGGREGATE = 1 − 𝐶𝑂𝑁𝑇𝐸𝑁𝑇 𝑂𝐹 𝐶𝑂𝐴𝑅𝑆𝐸 𝐴𝐺𝐺𝑅𝐸𝐺𝐴𝑇𝐸

19. STEP : 6 ESTIMATION OF MIX PROPORTION
VOLUME OF CEMENT =
𝑀𝐴𝑆𝑆 𝑂𝐹 𝐶𝐸𝑀𝐸𝑁𝑇
𝑆𝑃𝐸𝐶𝐼𝐹𝐼𝐶 𝐺𝑅𝐴𝑉𝐼𝑇𝑌 𝑂𝐹 𝐶𝐸𝑀𝐸𝑁𝑇
*
1
1000
VOLUME OF WATER =
𝑀𝐴𝑆𝑆 𝑂𝐹 𝑊𝐴𝑇𝐸𝑅
𝑆𝑃𝐸𝐶𝐼𝐹𝐼𝐶 𝐺𝑅𝐴𝑉𝐼𝑇𝑌 𝑂𝐹 𝑊𝐴𝑇𝐸𝑅
*
1
1000
VOLUME OF ADMIXTURE =
𝑀𝐴𝑆𝑆 𝑂𝐹 𝐶𝐻𝐸𝑀𝐼𝐶𝐴𝐿 𝐴𝐷𝑀.
𝑆𝑃𝐸𝐶𝐼𝐹𝐼𝐶 𝐺𝑅𝐴𝑉𝐼𝑇𝑌 𝑂𝐹 𝐶𝐻𝐸𝑀𝐼𝐶𝐴𝐿 𝐴𝐷𝑀.
*
1
1000
V𝐎𝐋𝐔𝐌𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐀𝐆𝐆𝐑𝐄𝐆𝐀𝐓𝐄 = 1 − (𝑉𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝐸 𝑂𝐹 𝐶𝐸𝑀𝐸𝑁𝑇+VOLUME
WATER+VOLUME OF ADM.)

20. MASS 𝑂𝐹 𝐶. 𝐴. = 𝑉𝑎 ∗ 𝑉𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝐸 𝑂𝐹 𝐶. 𝐴 ∗ sp. GRACITY OF C. A.∗ 1000
MASS 𝑂𝐹 𝐹. 𝐴. = 𝑉𝑎 ∗ 𝑉𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝐸 𝑂𝐹 𝐹. 𝐴 ∗ sp. GRACITY OF F. A.∗ 1000

21. • THANK YOU….