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GAME-THEORETIC TOPOLOGY CONTROL FOR OPPORTUNISTIC
LOCALIZATION IN SPARSE UNDERWATER SENSOR NETWORKS
ABSTRACT
In this paper, we propose a localization scheme named Opportunistic Localization by
Topology Control (OLTC), specifically for sparse Underwater Sensor Networks (UWSNs). In a
UWSN, an unlocalized sensor node finds its location by utilizing the spatio-temporal relation
with the reference nodes. Generally, UWSNs are sparsely deployed because of the high
implementation cost, and unfortunately, the network topology experiences partitioning due to the
effect of passive node mobility. Consequently, most of the underwater sensor nodes lack the
required number of reference nodes for localization in underwater environments. The existing
literature is deficient in addressing the problem of node localization in the above mentioned
scenario. Antagonistically, however, we promote that even in such sparse UWSN context, it is
possible to localize the nodes by exploiting their available opportunities. We formulate a game-
theoretic model based on the Single-Leader-Multi-Follower Stackelberg game for topology
control of the unlocalized and localized nodes. We also prove that both the players choose
strategies to reach a socially optimal Stackelberg-Nash-Cournot Equilibrium. NS-3 based
simulation results indicate that the localization coverage of the network increases upto 1.5 times
compared to the existing state-of-the-art. The energy-efficiency of OLTC has also been
established.

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GAME-THEORETIC TOPOLOGY CONTROL FOR OPPORTUNISTIC LOCALIZATION IN SPARSE UNDERWATER SENSOR NETWORKS

  • 1. GAME-THEORETIC TOPOLOGY CONTROL FOR OPPORTUNISTIC LOCALIZATION IN SPARSE UNDERWATER SENSOR NETWORKS ABSTRACT In this paper, we propose a localization scheme named Opportunistic Localization by Topology Control (OLTC), specifically for sparse Underwater Sensor Networks (UWSNs). In a UWSN, an unlocalized sensor node finds its location by utilizing the spatio-temporal relation with the reference nodes. Generally, UWSNs are sparsely deployed because of the high implementation cost, and unfortunately, the network topology experiences partitioning due to the effect of passive node mobility. Consequently, most of the underwater sensor nodes lack the required number of reference nodes for localization in underwater environments. The existing literature is deficient in addressing the problem of node localization in the above mentioned scenario. Antagonistically, however, we promote that even in such sparse UWSN context, it is possible to localize the nodes by exploiting their available opportunities. We formulate a game- theoretic model based on the Single-Leader-Multi-Follower Stackelberg game for topology control of the unlocalized and localized nodes. We also prove that both the players choose strategies to reach a socially optimal Stackelberg-Nash-Cournot Equilibrium. NS-3 based simulation results indicate that the localization coverage of the network increases upto 1.5 times compared to the existing state-of-the-art. The energy-efficiency of OLTC has also been established.