Regional Leadership Forum Advancing Sustainable Hydropower in Latin America and the Caribbean

1. Centro de Pesquisas de Energia Elétrica - CEPEL
Regional Leadership
Forum:
Advancing Sustainable
Hydropower in Latin America
and the Caribbean
Theme 3:
Environmental Dimension
Rio de Janeiro, 13 Nov 2012
Albert C. G. Melo
DIRECTOR-GENERALPEL
Electrical Energy Research Center - CEPEL

2. CEPEL – The Brazilian Electrical
Energy Research Center
 Not for profit organization
 Founded in 1974 by Eletrobras, Chesf, Furnas, Eletrosul &
Eletronorte
 Largest Brazilian Electric Energy R&D Center
 Largest High Voltage and High Power Labs in Latin America
 Around 500 employees
 Technical Support for
 Eletrobras Group
 Government (Mines and Energy Ministry, Science, Technoly and
Innovation Ministry)
 Electrical Sector Entities (National System Operator -ONS,
Wholesale Energy Market -CCEE, Expansion Planning
Company -EPE and Regulatory Agency -ANEEL)
 Utilities and Industry
Fundão Island Site
Electrical Energy Research Center - CEPEL Adrianópolis Site

3. Sustainable Development
of the Brazilian Electrical System
There is no
Sustainable Development
without
Sustainable Energy
Source: MME, EPE, 2010
Electrical Energy Research Center - CEPEL

4. Sustainability
Three Dimensions
1John Elkington,
Social Environmental Economic 1998. Cannibals
Sustainability with forks: The
Sustainability Sustainability triple bottom line
of 21st century
business
Sustainable Development - Triple-botton-line1
Electrical Energy Research Center - CEPEL

5. Sustainability
Three Dimensions
1John Elkington,
Social Environmental Economic 1998. Cannibals
Sustainability with forks: The
Sustainability Sustainability triple bottom line
of 21st century
business
Sustainable Development - Triple-botton-line1
Quadruple-Bottom-Line? (Policy Framework)
Electrical Energy Research Center - CEPEL

6. Sustainable Development of
Hydropower
The Brazilian Approach
Electrical Energy Research Center - CEPEL

7. Hydropower Potential
Brazil
Potential : 260 GW
Already Developed: 31%
Source: Eletrobrás e MME 2011.
Electrical Energy Research Center - CEPEL

8. Environmental Conservation and
Indigenous Areas in the Brazilian Amazon
Existing Indigenous
HPPs Lands
(0,13%) 24,0%
Planned
(0,12%)
Total
0,25%
Conservatio
n Units
27,0%
Other (*)
48,7%
(*) Áreas antropizadas, agricultura e pecuária,
massas d água e outras áreas não protegidas.
Electrical Energy Research Center - CEPEL
Source: EPE, CEPEL

9. GHG Emissions - 2005 Energy
Sector share in total emissions
EU-27
world
USA
Brazil Russia India China
Electrical Energy Research Center - CEPEL

10. GHG Emissions - 2005 Energy
Sector share in total emissions
EU-27
world
USA
Brazil Russia India China
Electrical Sector:
 1.6%
 due to Hydropower
Electrical Energy Research Center - CEPEL

11. Solutions for Sustainable
Hydropower Development in Brazil
 Environmental, social and economic impacts and
benefits must be carefully addressed
 Social-Environmental aspects
 considered since the very first phase of the
Expansion Planning
 continuously monitored throughout
projects´ cycle of life
 Examples
 Enabling Policy Framework for sustainable development
 public Auctions
 the role of the National Development Bank
 Manual for Hydropower Inventory Studies of river basins
 Chain of optimization models and methodologies for
power system planning and operation options
assessment
Electrical Energy Research Center - CEPEL

12. Enabling Policy Framework
for Sustainable Hydropower
BRAZILIAN NATIONAL POWER SYSTEM
NATIONAL EXPANSION PLANNING AND
ENERGY POLICY HYDROPOWER PLANNING
- CNPE LONG TERM
PLANNING
- PNE, PDE
Horizon –30 years
Updates – 4 years
TEN-YEAR
EXPANSION EXPANSION
PLAN MONITORING
Annual Updates - CMSE
Horizon – 5 Years
Monthly Updates
Executive
Hydropower Feasibility Basic
Recognition AUCTION Project / Operation
Inventory Studies Project
Construction
Studies
Hydropower planning
Installation Operating
Feasibility Study Approval Env. Env.
License License
Reserve Declaration of
Water Availability
Electrical Energy Research Center - CEPEL Preliminary Env. License

13. Manual for Hydropower Inventory of
River Basins, 2007
- Funded by MME & the the World Bank
- Coordinated by CEPEL 3
2
Head division of a river 1
basin with sustainability
criteria and water uses, 4
since the very first of
3
the planning process
2
1
Electrical Energy Research Center - CEPEL

14. Manual for Hydropower Inventory of
River Basins, 2007
- Funded by MME & the the World Bank
- Co-ordinated by CEPEL 3
2
Head division of a river 1
basin with sustainability
criteria and water uses, 4
since the very first of
3
the planning process
2
1
Integrated
Environmental (and
Social) Assessment –
IEA
Electrical Energy Research Center - CEPEL

15. Manual for Hydropower Inventory of
River Basins, 2007
- Funded by MME & the the World Bank
- Co-ordinated by CEPEL 3
2
Head division of a river 1
basin with sustainability
criteria and water uses, 4
since the very first of
3
the planning process
2
1
Integrated
Environmental (and
Social) Assessment – SE
IEA
Multi-objective analysis
 The Manual defines
criteria and methodology COB
SINV – Decision Support System for Hydropower River Basin Inventory Studies
Electrical Energy Research Center - CEPEL

16. Socio-Environment Impacts
(Negatives and Positives)
Negatives Positives
- Impact Index (Ian) - Impact Index (IAp)
Economic
Road
Base
infrastructure
Way of Life
improvements
Aquatic
Ecosystem
Local Local Labor
Terrain
socioenvironmental
impact
Government Market
index
Organization
Revenue Dinamization
Terrestrial
Ecosystem
increase
Indigenous Rational use of
Population
the river basin
water resources
Electrical Energy Research Center - CEPEL

17. Manual for Hydropower Inventory of
River Basins, 2007
Electrical Energy Research Center - CEPEL

18. Sustainability at Project Design and
Implementation Levels
Project design and
implementation: (starts when the
inventory studies are concluded)
i. feasibility studies which should
comprise Environmental Impact
Assessment (EIA) reports which
should also address social issues
and must include water use rights.
ii. basic project, which detailed studies
also include the elaboration of the
Environmental Basic Project report.
iii. executive project phase all
necessary measures related to the
plant, including the implementation
of socio-environmental programs
are decided in order to get license
for starting the filling of the
reservoir for the beginning of the
operation.
Electrical Energy Research Center - CEPEL

19. Energy Resources Assessment and
Planning Activities
20-30 Years
Horizon,
annual steps
to
1 Week,
hourly steps
Synergies in
Planning
and Operation
stages
Official
Electrical Energy Research Center - CEPEL Programs

20. Integrated Operation:
Sustainability and Water Uses
Coordinated operation - in the same river basin, in the
interconnected electrical power system, considering hydrological
diversity among regions and other water uses.
Energy Optimization and
Centralized Dispatch of the
Brazilian Interconnected
Hydrothermal System:
20% more energy production
Electrical Energy Research Center - CEPEL

21. Itaipu Fishes Water Ways
• Built 20 years after Initial Operation of the Plant
• A large water head Hydropower Plant (120m)
• A large extension channel (10 km) including channels and fish stairs
Electrical Energy Research Center - CEPEL Thiago H.S.

22. Example of Environmental
Commitment
Belo Monte Hydro Plant
Original and Modified Project
CF
CF
Indigenous Area
PAQUIÇAMBA
440 km2 2
Área Indígena
PAQUIÇAMBA 1,225 km
11,233 MW
Electrical Energy Research Center - CEPEL

23. “Platform” Hydropower Plants - A
New Concept
 Areas with low or no
anthropogenic
activity
Waterfalls in the chosen location
 Minimize the impacts
on the environment
 Keep the impact
restricted to the plant
Lesser deforestation an works impact
site
 Reduced construction
sites; no villages or
cities after the
Lesser deforestation and works impact
construction period
 Affected area
recovered during
construction
Forest is recovered
 remotely-operated and
a small number of staff
in turn-over labour
Source:
ELETROBRAS
periods
Electrical Energy Research Center - CEPEL

24. Final Remarks
In emerging economies and developing countries,
large and small hydropower projects can improve
access to modern energy services, alleviate poverty
and foster social and economic development,
especially for local communities
Electrical Energy Research Center - CEPEL

25. Final Remarks
In emerging economies and developing
countries, large and small hydropower projects can
improve access to modern energy
services, alleviate poverty and foster social and
economic development, especially for local
communities
Thank you!
albert@cepel.br
Electrical Energy Research Center - CEPEL