CARTILLA MODULO 1

1. 1
MODULO DESARROLLO DE COMPETENCIAS COMUNICATIVAS
IDIOMA INGLES
Modulo I
Cartilla I
Versión 1.0

2. 2
Edición 1.0
Fecha de publicación
Creado Por Anny Daian Garzón M.
Autorizado por Alberto Becerra.
Documento: - 00.000.000
Todos los derechos reservados.
Ni la totalidad ni parte de esta Cartilla pueden
reproducirse o trasmitirse por ningún
procedimiento electrónico o mecánico,
incluyendo fotocopias, grabaciones
magnéticas o cualquier medio de
almacenamiento de información y sistema de
reproducción, sin permiso escrito de
Informática y Gestión S.A.
Empresa Autorizada Fundación SIIGO
Edición Autorizada por Informática y
Gestión S.A.
Impreso y Hecho en Colombia

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PROGRAMA TECNICO EN CONTABILIDAD
MODULO Manejo de estructuras gramaticales:
SESION DE CLASE
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, 9 y 10
Saberes:
 Saludos formales e informales.
 Despedidas formales e informales
 Pronombres Personales
 Estructura básica de la oración.
 Presentaciones
 Información personal
 Estructura gramatical para expresiones
horarias,
Uso del idioma
 Aprendizaje de estructuras numéricas.
 Spellling (deletreo).
 Expresiones horarias.
Teórica : 18
OBJETIVOS DE APRENDIZAJE
 Comprender y utilizar expresiones cotidianas de uso frecuente, así,
como frases sencillas destinadas a satisfacer necesidades de tipo
inmediato.
 Presentarse a sí mismo y a otros, pedir y dar información personal
básica sobre su domicilio, sus pertenencias y las personas que conoce.
 Relacionarse de forma elemental siempre que su interlocutor hable
despacio y con claridad.
 Realizar preguntas que lo lleven a ubicarse en un espacio físico
determinado.
 Describir lugares y personas mediante el uso de los adjetivos.
 Desarrollar en el estudiante la habilidad de sostener conversaciones
básicas que le permitan desenvolverse en situaciones cotidianas en su
entorno laboral.
SABER HACER
Habilidades Escritas
 Formular oraciones de saludo y despedida.
 Aplicar los elementos básicos para realizar presentaciones personales y de
otras personas.
 Conocer vocabulario básico que cubre temas cotidianos como la familia y
actividades de trabajo.
Habilidades de escucha y de expresión oral
 Preguntar la hora y decir la hora.
 Decir números de teléfonos.
 Deletrear palabras.
 Generar oraciones con la estructura gramatical correspondiente.

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SER
 Mantener una actitud proactiva y espontánea en las conversaciones en idioma
inglés.
 Demostrar constantemente interés por enriquecer su vocabulario en idioma
inglés
 Participación activa en las actividades desarrolladas en clases y laboratorios.
 Iniciativa constante por adquirir y utilizar nuevas palabras en los ejercicios orales
y escritos.
EVIDENCIAS DE APRENDIZAJE
CONOCIMIENTO
 Reconoce cuando le hablan en ingles
 Lista correctamente los mensajes o diálogos básicos para saludar, presentarse
y despedirse en inglés, usando un léxico adecuado.
 Diferencia los artículos determinantes e indeterminados.
 Diferencia los pronombres personales existentes.
 Identifica vocabulario básico para la construcción de oraciones.
DESEMPEÑO
 Construye oraciones simples.
 Maneja de forma correcta en inglés escrito y oral, preguntas Wh, How many y
adverbios de lugar en la oración para solicitar y entregar información sobre
ubicación de objetos
PRODUCTO
 De forma oral expresa saludos, presentaciones y descripciones sobre personas
y objetos, así como terminología contable.
 Redacta textos cortos en donde se incluyen descripciones sobre:
- Objetos y personas
- Manejo de cantidades
- Presentación sobre información personal.
DESARROLLO DE LA SESION
1. Se realiza la enunciación del tema
2. Aclaración de dudas
3. Se realiza ejercicio guiado
4. Los estudiantes realizarán por grupos ejercicios que ponga en práctica lo
aprendido y se realizará la respectiva socialización.
METODOLOGIA
Secuencia Didáctica
Enunciación
Modelación
Simulación
Ejercitación
Evaluación
RECURSOS DIDACTICOS
 Computador
 Internet
 Libros
 Cartulina, papel, marcadores, esferos, lápices
 Videos
 Fotocopias
 MP3
 Grabadora.

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ACTIVIDADES COMPLEMENTARIAS
Investigar sobre: Estructuras gramaticales, números, abecedario, adjetivos
calificativos, partes del cuerpo.
Desarrollo de tareas on-line.
Sostener conversaciones básicas dentro de la Institución.
BIBLIOGRAFIA
New Interchange Basic
http://www.ego4u.com
http://www.tolearnenglish.com
http://www.saberingles.com.ar/listening/101.html
http://www.timemonsters.com/
http://www.marks-english-school.com/games/b_verbs.html
http://www.agendaweb.org/vocabulary/days_months_date.html
http://www.montsemorales.com/vocabulario/Daysoftheweek1.htm
http://www.oup.com/elt/global/products/headway/beginner/e_games/

6. 6

7. 7
TABLA DE CONTENIDO
PRESENTACION......................................................................................8
OBJETIVO ...............................................................................................9
GREETINGS AND FAREWALLS..............................................................10
PRONOUNS ...........................................................................................14
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE......................................................................22
ADVERTISING.......................................................................................29
ADJECTIVES..........................................................................................30
NUMBERS..............................................................................................34
TIME AND DATE....................................................................................37

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PRESENTACION
Actualmente, más de 1.500 millones de personas en todo el mundo hablan inglés. Es
el idioma por excelencia para los negocios, el turismo, la música, la ciencia, Internet...
El mundo laboral, en el cual se desempeñarán los estudiantes que pertenecen a la
Fundación SIIGO, quienes harán parte del nuevo mundo globalizado y competitivo que
les exigirá contar con conocimientos y competencias en la lengua anglo.
A través de esta cartilla se pretende incrementar las habilidades del idioma inglés de
los estudiantes poniendo a su alcance las cuatro destrezas: Hablar, Comprender, Leer
y Escribir, pero ante todo, la habilidad de defenderse ante la sociedad, en un ambiente
anglo parlante, dando énfasis al lenguaje como medio de comunicación, por ejemplo:
para expresar intenciones, pedir y dar información, para expresar emociones y
opiniones, para presentarse y presentar a otros, para describir cosas, para presentar
un informe, etc., todo esto con exactitud gramatical.

9. 9
OBJETIVO
Guiar al estudiante a través del aprendizaje dinámico y visual durante el proceso de
adquisición de competencias en la lengua anglo, buscando una preparación previa
para la sesión de clase, y la práctica de lo aprendido con el fin de aclarar dudas y
generar nuevos retos que le permitan incrementar sus habilidades escritas, orales,
auditivas y de comprensión de la lengua inglesa.

10. 10
GREETINGS AND FAREWALLS
GREETINGS
FORMAL
Good Morning Buenos días
Good Afternoon Buenas tardes
Good Evening Buenas noches
How do you do? ¿Cómo esta?
INFORMAL
Hello, how are
you?
Hola, ¿Cómo
esta?
How are things?
¿Cómo van las
cosas?
Hi, How are you
doing?
¿Cómo esta?
How’s it going? ¿Cómo va todo?
How’s everything? ¿Cómo va todo?
How have you
been?
¿Cómo has
estado?
How’s life
¿Qué más de tu
vida?
Give me five Choca esos cinco
What’s up?
¿Entonces qué?
¿Qué tal? ¿Qué
hubo?
What’s going on? ¿Qué pasa?
FAREWELLS
Good Bye Adios
Bye Chao
Bye, Bye Chao
See you later (soon,
tomorrow, the next
week, the weekend)
Nos
vemos
luego….
Take care, take care
of yourself
Cuídate
NOTE: Pleasant smile is strong
indication of a friendly and open
attitude and willingness to
communicate. It is appositive, non-
verbal signal sent with the hope that
the other person will smile back.
When you smile, you demonstrate
that you have noticed the person in a
positivemanner.
COMMON EXPRESSIONS
I would like to introduce to … (Name)
This is… (Name)
I don’t think you know… (Name)
Nice to meet you
-Nice to meet you, too.
How are you?
-Fine, thank you
How’s life?
-Not too bad, thanks
It’s great to see you
SESION 1

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STUDY THIS CONVERSATION:
GREETINGS EXCERCISES
CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER FOR EACH QUESTION
1) How are you?
A) My name is Ahmet.
B) Good evening.
C) Nice to meet you.
D) I am very well, thank you
2) What is your name?
A) Her name is Zehra.
B) Fine and you.
C) My name is Zeynep.
D) I am from Kayseri.
3) Where are you from?
A) I am from Antalya.
B) Good afternoon Mr. Smith.
C) I am ten years old.
D) He is 13 years old.
4) How old are you?
A) I am form Bursa.
B) My name is Clara.
C) I am thirteen years old.
D) Nice to meet you Ali.
SPANISH
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION
Sarah:
¡Hola! me llamo Sarah.
¿Cómo te llamas?
Hello, my name is
Sarah.
What is your name?
John: ¡Hola! Sarah, me llamo John.
Hello Sarah, my name
is John.
Sarah: ¿Habla usted inglés? Do you speak English?
John:
No, lo siento, no hablo inglés.
Sólo hablo español.
No, I'm sorry, I don't
speak English.
I only speak Spanish.
John: Usted es mexicana, ¿verdad?
You are Mexican,
aren't you?
Sarah:
Sí, soy mexicana.
¿Y tú, de dónde es usted?
Yes, I am a Mexican.
And you, where are
you from?
John: Soy de Madrid. I am from Madrid.
Sarah: Adiós, John. Hasta luego.
Goodbye, John. See
you later.
John: Adiós, Sarah. Goodbye, Sarah.
Regards to your …. (Family, mother, etc.)
Keep in touch
Enjoy yourself Have a nice time
Take it easy
Come again soon!

12. 12
MATCH THE GREETINGS ACCORDING TO THEIR PICTURE
Hello
Good Morning
Good Afternoon
Bye
So long
Good evening
Think of the most suitable reaction to the following phrases.
a) How are you? ……………………………………………………………
b) How do you do? ……………………………………………………………
c) Pleased to meet you. ……………………………………………………………
d) It was nice meeting you. ……………………………………………………………
e) Have a good weekend. ……………………………………………………………
f) See you next month. ……………………………………………………………
g) You must be Ann Peterson. ……………………………………………………………
h) I hope to see you again. ……………………………………………………………

13. 13
Organize the words to build sentences.
1. your Hello, what name? is __________________________________________
2. name my madam, Hello is Victor. ____________________________________
3. you. to meet nice ________________________________________________
4. you welcome. Are ________________________________________________
5. to too. madam, glad you Thank you much meet I very am ________________
______________________________________________________________
6. you may a as I question? __________________________________________
7. later, see at PM in come you 4:00 office I’ll my _________________________
______________________________________________
With two of your partners make a dialogue introducing yourselves, choose if you want
to make it formal or informal, use the expressions that you prefer, search other
phrases which aren’t in this text.
………….. NOW SHARE WITH YOUR CLASSMATES…………..

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PRONOUNS
SUBJECT
PRONOUNS
POSSESSIVE
ADJECTIVES
POSSESSIVE
PRONOUNS
OBJECT
PRONOUNS
I My Mine Me
You Your Yours You
He His His Him
She Her Hers Her
It It Its It
We Our Ours Us
You Your Yours You
They Their Theirs Them
Pronombres son palabras que reemplazan un sustantivo dentro
de la oración. Los pronombres evitan la repetición de
sustantivos.
These pronouns are the subject of the
verb, is who makes the action in the
sentence.
Example:
He runs in the park
1ST
PERSON
2ND
PERSON
3RD
PERSON
I
We
You (Singular)
You (Plural)
He
She
It
The singer played his
piano. Annabel didn’t like
the music herself. She
thought it was out of tune.
But Dave enjoyed it; he
hummed along loud
enough for both of them.
SESION 2, 3 Y 4

15. 15
Complete with I, YOU, HE, SHE, IT, WE, THEY
Man __He___
Woman _______
Girls _______
Chairs _______
Dictionary _______
Tony and Dave _______
Car _______
Pen _______
Cats _______
Book _______
Susan and I _______
Boy _______
Tony and you _______
Martha and Tony______
Dog _______
Which pronouns could be taken instead? Match them.
Mary he
Kim and Tom you
Jack and I she
John they
Charles and you we
The object of the sentence receives the
action of the verb. Object Pronouns come
after a verb or a preposition.
Andy kisses Diane
Andy kisses her
The teacher gave the homework to the
students
The teacher gave the homework to them
SINGULAR PLURAL
These pronouns are the object of the
verb, meaning the action (verb) is
directed toward the pronoun.
Example:
Please, call me

16. 16
Please fill in the gaps with: me, her, him, us, them, it or you
a) The boys are nice to the girls. They are helping _______.
b) Where's my cat? I've got a fish for _______.
c) I can do these exercises. I can do _______.
d) John likes his dog. He likes _______.
e) Teachers like children. Teachers like _______.
f) The teacher is shouting at Peter. He is shouting at _______.
g) Peter can see his mum. He can see _______.
h) We can't do our homework. Can you help _______with _______, Mary?
i) Let's play with Sarah today. Let's play with _______.
j) Can I go to school with _______, Sally?
MATCH THEM
Possessive pronouns show ownership –
something that belongs to someone or
something else.
Example:
The ball belongs to me. The ball is
mine.
Possessive pronouns are: mine,
yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs
They are use to show ownership or
possession of a noun. These possessive
pronouns stand alone. They do not require a
word following them to show what is
owned.
Example:
I am yours

17. 17
The possessive case pronoun is used to show ownership. While a possessive adjective
may modify a noun, a possessive pronoun replaces the adjective and the noun with a
single word. Look at the following example:
Possessive pronouns allow you to reduce repetition and wordiness in your sentences.
Possessive case pronouns include the following:
1st
Person
2nd
Person
3rd
Person
Singular: mine yours his, hers,
its
Plural: ours yours theirs
Complete each sentence using the correct modifying possessive pronoun.
a) The pencil belongs to the girl. It is __________.
b) I ride a bike to school. The bike is __________.
c) The lady wore a beautiful dress. The beautiful dress was __________.
d) The children played with the computer. It was __________.
e) You can choose any food to eat. The choice is __________.
f) My friends love reading. It is a favorite pastime of __________.
g) My sister and I walk the dog because it is __________.
h) Her coat is prettier than mine. Her coat is blue; __________ is brown.
i) Be more careful with John’s toys, because __________ are breakable.

18. 18
On the lines below, write at least three sentences that use possessive
pronouns correctly.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
In English the possessive is used
instead of the article before the
noun:
I hurt his finger (Se lastimó el
dedo)
I lost my book (Perdí mi libro.)
Complete the sentences with
possessive adjectives.
a) He's from Spain. ________ name's
Alberto.
b) They're married. ________
children's names are Lauren and
Daniel.
c) We're brothers. ________ parents
are French.
d) She's eight. ________ brother's
nine
e) I'm British. ________ name's Peter.
f) You're students. ________ books
are in the classroom.
They are used to indicate to who belongs
the subject or object of the sentence. These
possessive adjectives do require a word
following them to show what is owned.
Example:
I love my friends

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PRONOUNS EXCERCISES
There are seven mistakes in this conversation
Look for the mistakes and rewrite the dialog with the correct pronouns.
Jane:
Tina:
Candy
Jane:
Tina:
Circle the correct pronouns in the following sentences.
a) (I, Me, My) wish (we, us, our) did not have to use (we, us, our) car for the
trip to (you, your, yours) reunion.
b) Miss Williams gave (we, us, our) (we, us, our) test grades Friday before
(we, us, our) left school.
c) All the secretaries brought (they, them, their) lunches in paper bags and ate
(they, them, their) at (they, them, their) desks.
d) (I, Me, My) dog is a better hunter than (you, your) dog, isn't (he, she, it).
e) Thomas brought (he, him, his) brother with (he, him, his) to the school
picnic.
f) Jane brought (she, her) sister with (she, her), also.
g) (I, Me, My) thanked (them, they, their) for (they, them, their) wonderful
care of (I, me, my) while (I, me, my) was in the hospital.
h) The dog chased (it, its) tail but never caught (it, its).
i) (They, Them, Their) car nearly ran into (we, us, our), but (we, us, our)
never called the police.
j) Should (we, us, our) do (we, us, our) homework at (my, mine, me) house
or at (you, your, yours)?
Jane: Tina, come and play with we.
Tina:
Hello, Jane. Hello, Candy. What are you
doing?
Candy: We are playing with us dolls.
Jane: Look! This is me doll. She name is Lily. I
love she.
Tina: She's lovely. I hope me will get a doll on
me birthday.

20. 20
Fill the gaps with the correct pronouns.
Little Red Riding Hood
1. Once upon a time there was a girl called Little Red Riding
Hood. Together with ________ mum, ________ lived in a big
forest.
2. One fine day, Little Red Riding Hood’s mother said,
“________ Grandma is ill. Please go and take this cake and a
bottle of wine to________. Grandma’s house is not too far
from________ house, but always keep to the path and don’t
stop!”
3. So, Little Red Riding Hood made________ way to Grandma’s house.
4. In the forest________ met the big bad wolf.
5. Little Red Riding Hood greeted ________ and the wolf asked:
6. “Where are ________ going, Little Red Riding Hood?”
7. “To ________ grandma’s house.” answered Little Red Riding Hood.
8. “Can you tell________ where ________ grandma lives?”
9. “________ lives in a little cottage at the edge of the forest.”
10. “Why don’t________ pick some nice flowers for________?” asked the wolf.
11. “That’s a good idea.” said Little Red Riding Hood and began looking for flowers.
Meanwhile, the wolf was on________ way to grandma’s house.
12. The house was quite small but nice and________ roof was made out of straw.
13. The wolf went inside and swallowed poor old Grandma. After that ________
put Grandma’s clothes on and lay down in________ bed.
14. Sometime later, Little Red Riding Hood came to the little cottage. ________
went inside and was shocked by the
sight of________ grandma.
15. “Oh grandma, what big eyes, hands
and mouth________ have got!”
Little Red Riding Hood said.
16. There, the wolf jumped out of bed
and swallowed________, too.
17. Then________ lay down again and
fell asleep.
18. After a while, the hunter passed by Grandma’s house. ________ heard
somebody snoring, thought that there was something wrong and consequently
went inside.

21. 21
Why me
19. In the bedroom, ________ saw the wolf.
20. First, the hunter wanted to shoot________, but then________ saw the wolf’s
big belly.
21. So, the hunter took out________ knife and cut the belly open.
22. Out came Little Red Riding Hood and________ grandma.
23. “Thank you for saving________,” whispered Little Red Riding Hood.
24. Then, all of________ went to fetch some stones and put________ in the wolf’s
belly.
25. Soon the wolf woke up. ________ was very thirsty and went to the well in the
garden to drink some water.
26. When the wolf wanted to lean over and drink,
the stones in________ belly were too heavy
and pulled________ down into the well.
27. Grandma, the hunter and Little Red Riding
Hood were happy, ate________ cake and
drank the wine.
28. But the wolf in the well thought, “Why do such things always happen
to________?”

22. 22
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
GENERAL RULE
The simple present can express an action occurred at the present
She eats fish Ella come pescado
They drink milk Ellos beben leche
A routine
She plays tennis on Tuesdays Ella juega al tenis los Martes
They do their homework every
evening
Hacen sus tareas todas las
tardes
A habit
Mary always drinks coke with
pizza
Mary siempre bebe Coca cola con
pizza
A fact
Fire burns El fuego quema
A truth
I come from Spain Soy de España
Note the final in the third person of singular
He runs El corre
She eats Ella come
It sleeps Ello duerme
SESION 5 Y 6

23. 23
If the verb ends in “O” or in “CH”, we must to add
He goes El va
She does Ella hace
It catches Ello captura/atrapa
The third person of singular is different in the interrogative and negative
forms.
Interrogative
Does he run? ¿Corre él?
Does she eat? ¿Come ella?
Does it sleep? ¿Duerme ello?
Negative
He doesn't run El no corre
She doesn't eat Ella no come
It doesn't sleep Ello no duerme
As you see the verb is without
I eat
You eat
He eats
She eats
It eats
We eat
You eat
They eat
Yo como
Tu comes
El come
Ella come
Eso come
Nosotros comemos
Ustedes comen
Ellos comen
Do I eat?
Do you eat?
Does he eat?
Does she eat?
Does it eat?
Do we eat?
Do you eat
Do they eat?
¿Yo como?
¿Tú comes?
¿El come?
¿Ella come?
¿Eso come?
¿Nosotros comemos?
¿Ustedes comen?
¿Ellos comen?
I don’t eat
You don’t eat
He doesn’t eats
She doesn’t eats
It don’t eats
We don´t eat
You don’t eat
They don’t eat
Yo no como
Tu no comes
El no come
Ella no come
Eso no come
Nosotros no comemos
Ustedes no comen
Ellos no comen

24. 24
SIMPLE PRESENT EXCERCISES
Make the phrases in the correct form:
Affirmative Negative Questions
I I play
You You help
He He does not answer
She Does she sing?
It It rains
We Do we dream?
You You do not read
They Do they work?
Put the correct form verb, Notice the following words:
Break / On / On / brush / by / does / does / finishes / get / get / go / goes
/ goes / goes / has / has / have / have / his / in / past / play / plays /
starts / surf / to / until / watch / watches / his
Sandra's week:
"On weekdays, I up at half past seven. I a shower, my hair and
dressed. I go to school car. School at a quarter eight. is from
quarter past eleven quarter to twelve. School at half past two. I
lunch at three o'clock........."
Andres' week
"Every afternoon, I to the gym, I also with the computer, tv and
the net. Saturdays and Sundays I play basketball."
Everyday, he his homework and at nine o’clock he a shower and dinner.
Then, he to his bedroom to listen music.
Make these phrases in Negative and Interrogative form:
1. People from China speak Russian
2. I run more than 500 meters in a minute
3. My boyfriend dances very well
4. My mum watches TV every day
5. Teachers work hard
6. My cat sleeps 12 hours a day
7. I go to school in the evening
8. My neighbors buy a new car every year
9. We fry eggs in the microwave
10. Luis likes pop music

25. 25
SIMPLE PRESENT VERB TO BE
POSITIVE FORM Pronouns with the verb to be (am/is/are) and its Contractions
“Subject”
Pronouns
Verb
(To be)
Contraction
1St I am I’m
2nd you are you’re
3rd He / She / It Is he’s / she’s / it’s
PLURAL
1st We
are
we’re
2nd You you’ re
3rd They they’re
NEGATIVE FORM Pronouns with the verb to be (am/is/are) and its Contractions
“Subject”
Pronouns
Verb
(To be)
Contraction
1St I am + not I’m not
2nd you are + not you’re not / you aren’t
3rd He / She /
It
is + not
he’s / she’s / it’s + not
or
he/she/it + isn’t
PLURAL
1st We
Are +not
we’re not / we aren’t
2nd You you’ re not / you aren’t
3rd They they’re not / they aren’t
INTERROGATIVE FORM Pronouns with the verb to be (am/is/are)
Verb (to
be)
Subject
Pronoun
Complement
(optional)
1St Am I a good student?
2nd Are you married?
3rd Is he/she/it your friend?
PLURAL
1st
Are
we ready?
2nd you at home
3rd they tired?
SHORT ANSWERS Yes and no answers, and its Contractions
Positive Negative
1St Yes, I am No. I’m not
2nd Yes, you are No, you aren’t
3rd Yes, he is No, he isn’t / No, he’s not
No, she isn’t / No, she’s not
No, it isn’t/ No, it’s not
PLURAL
1st Yes, we are No, we’re not / No, we aren’t
2nd Yes, you are No, you’re not / No, you aren’t
3rd Yes, they are No, they’re not / No, they aren’t

26. 26
SIMPLE PRESENT VERB TO BE EXCERCISES
Write the correct form of Verb To Be on the blank spaces:
1. These bags _______heavy.
2. I _______an engineer. My wife _______ a nurse.
3. This house _______not very expensive.
4. My books _______on the table.
5. _______ you a good teacher?
Make into English the next sentences:
1. ¿Dónde estás?
_____________________________________________
2. Estoy en la escuela hasta las 8
_____________________________________________
3. ¿Hace buen tiempo hoy?
_____________________________________________
AFFIRMATIVE
I am happy Yo soy feliz
You are happy Tu eresfeliz
He is happy El es feliz
She is happy Ella es feliz
It is happy Eso es feliz
We are happy Nosotros somos felices
You are happy Ustedes son felices
They are happy Ellos son felices
NEGATIVE
I am not happy Yo no soy feliz
You aren’t happy Tu no eres feliz
He isn’t happy El no es feliz
She isn’t happy Ella no es feliz
It isn’t happy Eso no es feliz
We aren’t happy Nosotros no somos felices
You aren’t happy Ustedes no son felices
They aren’t happy Ellos no son felices
INTERROGATIVE
Am I happy? ¿Yo soy feliz?
Are you happy? ¿Tú eresfeliz?
Is he happy? ¿El es feliz?
Is she happy? ¿Ella es feliz?
Is ithappy? ¿Eso es feliz?
Are we happy? ¿Nosotros somos felices?
Are you happy? ¿Ustedes son felices?
Are they happy? ¿Ellos son felices?
Note: Remember in English you always must use the Subject. In an affirmative or negative
sentence you should follow the structure (SUBJECT + VERB + COMPLEMENT) where complement is
optional
Example:
Spanish English
Es bonita Is pretty (WRONG) There isn’tsubject and in English is necessary
She is pretty (RIGHT)

27. 27
4. Tengo hambre. ¿Puedo comer algo?
_____________________________________________
5. Mis padres no son italianos.
_____________________________________________
Complete the correct form with the Verb To Be. Then make into interrogative
and negative sentences.
1. My name _______James.
2. Mary _______the secretary.
3. John and Lucy _______ at school.
4. I _______a student.
5. The boys _______in the garden.
6. He _______a lawyer.
7. Susie _______a housewife.
8. She _______a student.
9. They _______my friends.
10. You _______a student.
Arrange the words to make affirmative sentences in simple present, and then
compare with your partners.
1. I / to collect / stamps __________________________________
2. we / to play / card games __________________________________
3. he / to read / comics __________________________________
4. Chris / to be / in /his / house __________________________________
5. we / to have / a / hamster __________________________________
6. Andy and John / to like / cola __________________________________
7. she / to be / nice __________________________________
8. they / to help / their / parents __________________________________
9. the children / to speak / English __________________________________
10. I / to buy / a / newspaper / every / Saturday _______________________
Note:Don´t fall in lovewith the verb To Be. It justwants to say “SER” o “ESTAR”. Some people
think that it must be used always,but this only depends on the action done by the subject.
Example:
Spanish English
Juega futbol He is play football (WRONG)
He plays football (RIGHT)

28. 28
Write correct negative sentences in present simple, and then compare with
your partners.
1. to go / the disco / to / we / Saturday/ on ___________________________
2. she / to study / every / day _____________________________________
3. never / I / to read / a / book ____________________________________
4. I / to drink / sometimes / coffee __________________________________
5. my / to play / brothers / basketball ________________________________
Write correct interrogative sentences in present simple, and then compare
with your partners.
1. brother / your / friendly / to look _________________________________
2. Pili and Sofia / to like / ice cream _________________________________
3. David / to hate / alcohol _______________________________________
4. my sister / parties / to enjoy __________________________________
5. teacher / my / to like / music __________________________________

29. 29
ADVERTISING
MAKING A FLYER
According to your Business Plan, you must to design a flyer with all
features needed for selling it.
Your flyer has to be written in English and has to accomplish all
requirements seen in your Business Class.
This picture above is an example of you have to do. Your flyer must be
at least on a half sheet letter size.
SESION 7

30. 30
ADJECTIVES
Adjectives are words used to describe a noun. Write an adjective on each
line to describe Christmas Carols.
Adjectives normally go before nouns:
He has a big car.
adj. noun
Adjectives like good, bad, beautiful, etc., are “opinion” adjectives. These adjectives
describe what you think about something and go before adjectives like new, big, etc.
which are “fact” adjectives:
They have a beautiful big house.
opinion fact noun
adj. adj. adj.
When there are two or more adjectives, they go in the following order:
OPINION SIZE AGE SHAPE COLOR ORIGIN MATERIAL NOUN
It’s a beautiful big new square brown Indian wooden box.
SESION 8

31. 31
ADJECTIVES CLASIFIED BY CATEGORIE
Sound: loud, noisy, quiet, silent, ...
Opinion: good, bad, difficult, easy, ...
Personality (positive): honest, intelligent, ...
Personality (negative): dishonest, pessimistic, ...
Sound – Sonido
Loud - alto; fuerte
Soft– suave
Quiet– suave
Faint - débil, bajo
Audible – audible
Mute – mudo
Hoarse – ronco
Inaudible – inaudible
Silent – silencioso
Deafening – ensordecedor
Noisy – ruidoso
Deaf – sordo
Shrill - agudo, chillón
Melodic - melódico
We could not have a conversation because of the loud music.
No pudimos tener una conversación debido a la música fuerte.
The teacher entered the noisy room.
La maestra ingresó al ruidoso recinto.
Opinion – Opinión
Good – bueno
Bad – malo
Easy – fácil
Difficult – difícil
True – verdadero
False – falso
Careful – cuidadoso
Careless – descuidado
Important – importante
Right – correcto
Wrong – equivocado
Useful – útil
Useless – inútil
Cheap – barato
Expensive - caro
Interesting – interesante
Famous – famoso
Unknown - desconocido
I have the most
beatiful, faster, small,
green car.

32. 32
He arrived late at the concert because he had taken the wrong highway.
Llegó tarde al concierto porque había tomado la carretera equivocada.
Plane tickets are very expensive at this time of year.
Los boletos de avión son muy caros en esta época del año.
Personality (positive) - Personalidad (positivo)
Honest – honesto
Courageous – valiente
Optimistic – optimista
Intelligent – inteligente
Sincere – sincero
Ambitious – ambicioso
Modest – modesto
Sensible – sensato
Friendly - amistoso
Practical – práctico
Considerate – considerado
Tolerant – tolerante
Responsible – responsable
Generous – generoso
Patient – paciente
Disciplined – disciplinado
Humorous – divertido
Sympathetic - comprensivo
Personality (negative) - Personalidad (negativo)
Dishonest – deshonesto
Pessimistic – pesimista
Miserly – avaro
Coward – cobarde
Selfish – egoísta
Impatient – impaciente
Lazy – haragán
Greedy – codicioso
Resentful – resentido
Envious – envidioso
Jealous – celoso
Possesive – posesivo
Conceited – engreído
Arrogant – arrogante
Fussy – quisquilloso
Gullible – ingenuo
Stubborn – terco
Careless – negligente

33. 33
THE COLORS
ESPAÑOL INGLÉS ESPAÑOL INGLÉS
Negro Black Naranja Orange
Azul Blue Pálido Pale
Marrón Brown Rosa Pink
Castaño Chestnut Morado Purple
Oscuro Dark Rojo Red
Fucsia Fuchsia Brillante Shiny
Dorado Golden Plata Silver
Gris Gray Celeste Sky blue
Verde Green Transparente Transparent
Claro Light Violeta Violet
Granate Maroon Blanco White
Azul marino Navy blue Amarillo Yellow
Make groups of four persons and make a composition describing someone
his/her lifestyle, preferences, ¿how does he/she look?; and then sharing
with your classmates
Note: Look for more adjectives and use them.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

34. 34
NUMBERS
Cardinal numbers Ordinal numbers
0 oh, zero ---
1 one 1st first
2 two 2nd second
3 three 3rd third
4 four 4th fourth
5 five 5th fifth
6 six 6th sixth
7 seven 7th seventh
8 eight 8th eighth
9 nine 9th ninth
10 ten 10th tenth
11 eleven 11th eleventh
12 twelve 12th twelfth
13 thirteen 13th thirteenth
14 fourteen 14th fourteenth
15 fifteen 15th fifteenth
16 sixteen 16th sixteenth
17 seventeen 17th seventeenth
18 eighteen 18th eighteenth
19 nineteen 19th nineteenth
20 twenty 20th twentieth
21 twenty-one 21st twenty-first
30 thirty 30th thirtieth
40 forty
50 fifty
60 sixty
70 seventy
80 eighty
90 ninety
100 a/one hundred
1,000 a/one thousand
10,000 ten thousand
100,000 a/one hundred thousand
1,000,000 a/one million
1,000,000,000 a/one billion
SESION 9

35. 35
Write the next numbers
1.256 _____________________
3.895 _____________________
8.568 _____________________
85.054 _____________________
32.587 _____________________
89.487 _____________________
221.257 _____________________
658.457 _____________________
987.454 _____________________
2.568.874 _____________________
If a number is in the range 21 to 99, and the
second digit is not zero, one should write the
number as two words separated by a hyphen.
Example:
21 twenty-one
32 thirty-two
64 sixty-four
83 eighty-three
99 ninety-nine
In English, the hundreds are perfectly regular,
except that the word hundred remains in its
singular form regardless of the number
preceding it (nevertheless, one may on the
other hand say "hundreds of people flew in", or
the like)
Example:
100 one hundred
400 four hundred
900 nine hundred
So too arethe thousands,with the number of thousands followed by the word "thousand"
Example:
1,000 one thousand
2,000 two thousand
10,000 ten thousand
11,000 eleven thousand
20,000 twentythousand
21,000 twenty-one thousand
30,000 thirty thousand
85,000 eighty-five thousand
100,000 one hundred thousand
999,000 nine hundred and ninety-nine thousand (British English)
nine hundred ninety-nine thousand (American English)
1,000,000 one million
10,000,000 ten million

36. 36
Common British
vernacular
Common American
vernacular
Common British
vernacular
How many marbles do
you have?
What is your house
number?
Which bus goes to the
high street?
101 A hundred and one. One-oh-one.
Here, oh is used for the
digit zero.
One-oh-one.
109 A hundred and nine. One-oh-nine. One-oh-nine.
110 A hundred and ten. One-ten. One-one-oh.
117 A hundred and
seventeen.
One-seventeen. One-one-seven.
120 A hundred and twenty. One-twenty. One-two-oh, One-two-
zero.
152 A hundred and fifty-
two.
One-fifty-two. One-five-two.
208 Two hundred and eight. Two-oh-eight. Two-oh-eight.
334 Three hundred and
thirty-four.
Three-thirty-four. Three-three-four.
Write these numbers in words.
64 sixty-four
13........................................
16........................................
88........................................
61........................................
35........................................
12........................................
30........................................
342 three hundred and forty-two
768.....................................................................................................
234.....................................................................................................
633.....................................................................................................
989.....................................................................................................

37. 37
TIME AND DATE
ASKING THE TIME
Here are some phrases you can use when you want to know the time:
What's the time?
What time is it?
Have you got the right time?
What time do you make it?
TELLING THE TIME
To tell someone what the time is, we can say "The time is..." or, more usually,
"It's...". Here is a typical dialogue:
Question: What's the time, please?
Answer: It's three o'clock.
The chart below shows you two different ways to tell someone what the time is.
more formal less formal
It's... It's...
3.00 three o'clock three
3.02 just gone three o'clock three oh two
3.03 three minutes past three three oh three
3.05 five past three three oh five
3.09 nine minutes past three three oh nine
3.10 ten past three three ten
3.15 a quarter past three three fifteen
3.20 twenty past three three twenty
3.21 twenty-one minutes past three three twenty-one
3.25 twenty-five past three three twenty-five
3.30 half past three three thirty
3.35 twenty-five to four three thirty-five
3.40 twenty to four three forty
3.45 a quarter to four three forty-five
3.50 ten to four three fifty
3.55 five to four three fifty-five
SESION 10

38. 38
3.57 three minutes to four three fifty-seven
Write the TIME in full as in the example (look at the example CAREFULLY).
Example :
It is 5:40 - : It is twenty to six.
1- It is 11:55 2- It is 4:20
3- It is 2:30 4- It is 9:45
5- It is 8:40 6- It is 3:10
7- It is 7:50 8- It is 1:35
9- It is 10:15 10- It is 9:05
Write the time according to the pictures.
It’s twenty past twelve
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________
4. ________ 5. ________ 6. ________
7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________

39. 39
THE DAYS OF THE WEEK:
THE WORKING WEEK THE WEEKEND
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday
Abbreviation Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun
THE MONTHS OF THE YEAR:
January February March April May June
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun
July August September October November December
Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
EXPRESSING THE YEAR
How we
write the
year
2008 1900 1959 2000
How we say
the year
Two thousand
and eight
Nineteen hundred
Nineteen fifty-
nine
The year 2000
EXPRESSING THE DATE
How we write
the date
1st January 2004 07/09/1959 August 12 2003
How we say
the date
The first of January
2004
The seventh of
September 1959
August the 12th 2003
TIME PREPOSITIONS
For single days and dates we use on.
For example:
I was born on the 7th of the month.
For months we use in.
For example:
I was born in September.
! My birthday is on September the 7th.

40. 40
COMMON EXPRESSIONS
How to ask the day or date
What day is it please? It's Tuesday.
What date is it please? It's the 1st of April.
What's the date today please? It's the 1st of April.
Write the correct time in British English into the gaps.
Write the numbers in words.
Example: It's _____________________.
Answer: It's half past eight.
1) It's _______________________.
2) It's _______________________.
3) It's _______________________.
4) It's _______________________.
5) It's _______________________.
6) It's _______________________.
7) It's _______________________.
8) It's _______________________.
9) It's _______________________.

41. 41
Match the items on the right to the items on the left.
1. 01/05/1968 ____ March twenty-first, two thousand
2. 12/02/1914 ____ June eighth, ten sixty-six
3. 08/22/1940 ____ October twelfth, eighteen seventy
4. 10/12/1870 ____ January fifth, nineteen sixty-eight
5. 03/21/2000 ____ July third, eighteen seventeen
6. 06/08/1066 ____ December second, nineteen fourteen
7. 07/04/1945 ____ August twenty-second, nineteen forty
8. 04/301990 ____ April thirtieth, nineteen ninety
9. 02/23/2005 ____ July fourth, nineteen forty-five
10. 07/03/1817 ____ February twenty-third, two thousand and
five
Look at the calendar and complete the sentences with the correct day of
the week.
The 27th of March is _____________
The 1st of March is ______________
The 10th of March is______________
The 2nd of March is______________
The 19th of March is______________
The 14th of March is______________
The 25th of March is______________
Change the following dates from their abbreviated form to writing.
1. the nineteenth of October, two thousand and two.
________________________________________________
2. December the twelfth, nineteen ninety-nine.
________________________________________________
3. the twenty-first of June, two thousand and five.
________________________________________________
4. February the eighth, nineteen seventy-five.
________________________________________________
5. the seventh of May, two thousand.
________________________________________________
“We cannot always build the future for our youth,
but we can build our youth for the future.”
- Franklin D. Roosevelt -