2. 1850 1862 1863
Sweat shops Homestead acts Congress passed Transcontinental Tweed Ring was a
were established. was a law that 1st legal tender act railroad created group of corrupt
Any working provided 160 acres which allowed nation wide politicians led by
environment in the west to any $150 million in network that William M. Tweed in
considered to be citizen who was treasury notes to united the defrauding the city.
difficult or head of the be printed. Bill country.
dangerous. household and printed on only on
Workers worked would cultivate it side know as
long hours with for 5 years. greenbacks.
little pay.
http://tinyurl.com/cao2pxu
3. 1864 1865 1866
Sand creek massacre Urbanization began Buffalo Soldiers were Long drive was
was a 700 man force to grow in cities members of U.S. cavalry overland transport of
of Colorado territory mostly in regions of regiment of United States. animals, which lasted
militia attacked a northeast and Name was given to about 3 months.
village of Cheyenne Midwest. African American tribes
and Arapaho campers they fought.
killing 70-163 Indians.
http://tinyurl.com/ct3dmpv
4. 1867 1868 1870
Oliver Kelly started Tammy Hall, New National Farmers John D. Rockefeller
patrons of Husbandry an York political alliance was a founded the
organization for farmers organization founded grange movement standard oil
that became known as in 1786. In 1868 which was strong company. His
grange. William M. Tweed among whites and foundations led to
became head of the blacks of Midwest. the development of
Hall. medical research.
http://tinyurl.com/cn6d2kr
5. 1871 1872 1873
Civil service was George Westinghouse Patronage began in 1873, Andrew Carnegie
1st established in American giving government jobs to entered steel business in
United States. entrepreneur and people who had helped a 1873. in 1899 Carnegie
Government engineer, invented candidate get elected. steel company
administration railway air breaks. manufactured more
should go to Pioneer of electrical steel than all factories in
most qualified industry. Great Britain.
person.
http://tinyurl.com/cao2pxu
6. 1875 1876
Southern alliance was a Battle of Little Big Horn Thomas Alva Alexander Graham Telephone was invented
national farmers alliance was an armed Edison became Bell invented the by Alexander Graham
and industrial union. engagement between pioneer of new telephone along with Bell, which created new
Group of ranchers in combined forces industrial frontier Thomas Watson, jobs for women.
Lampasas, Texas who against 7th century when he which opened a way
organized Texas alliance. regiment of United established for a worldwide
States army. worlds 1st communication
research network.
laboratory in
Menlo Park, New
Jersey.
http://tinyurl.com/ca3bthl
7. 1877
Vanderbilt Family was Socialism an economic Gilded Age was period Poll Tax is an annual tax
an American family system characterized following Civil war from that had to be paid
with Dutch origin. by social ownership by end of reconstruction in before qualifying to
Cornelius started off means of production 1877. Enormous growth vote.
with shipping and and cooperation that attracted millions from
railroad empires, 7th management of the Europe.
wealthiest family in economy. In 1877
America. In 1877 Socialist labor party of
Cornelius donated $1 America was founded.
million for
establishment of
Vanderbilt University of
Nashville.
http://tinyurl.com/botbyyq
8. 1879 1880
Dumbbell Tenements Settlement House were Bessemer Process Ida B. Wells moved to
were substandard community centers in slum developed independently Memphis in 1880 to work
apartment buildings, 3- neighborhoods they by British manufacturer as a teacher. Became an
5 stories high floor plan provided assistance to Henry Bessemer and editor of a local paper.
outlined a dumbbell people in the area, American iron maker
shape. immigrant especially. William Kelly. In 1880
American manufactures
were using this new
method to produce 90% of
steel.
http://tinyurl.com/cudectp
9. 1881 1884 1886
Jacob Riis was a Danish Trust a large business. It Colored Farmers Samuel
Mugwumps were
American social reformer was a legal instrument to alliance was Gompers led
Republican political
used Photographic and consolidate power by large founded. cigar makers
activists in 1884 who
journalistic talents to American enterprises. In Consisted of international
supported Democratic
help improvise in New 1881 Samuel C.T. Dodd African union to join
candidate Grover
York. devised a corporate trust American with other
Cleveland in United
to help John D. Rockefeller. farmers in craft unions.
States election.
south.
http://tinyurl.com/cu25c64
10. 1887 1888
Dawes Act was The Melting Pot was where Segregation was laws George Eastman was
authorized the people thought of the country that were developed an American engineer
president of the United as a mix of different people to separate white and industrialist.
States to survey Indian and cultures who came and black people in Designed Pullman
tribal land and divide it together by abandoning their public and private sleeping car, founded
into allotments for language and customs. places. company town for
individual Indians workers who
amended in 1891 and manufactured it.
in 1906.
http://tinyurl.com/cf6arje
11. 1889 1890
Jane Adams was an influential Wounded Knee Sherman antitrust act Literacy test is
member of movement, thought occurred on December made it illegal to form a government testing
settlement house could be 28, 1890. Brought the trust that interfered with literacy of political
effective. Cofounded Chicago's Indian wars and entire free trade between citizens at federal level,
Hull houses in 1889. era to an end. George states or other potential voters at state
A. Custer took 350 countries. level.
Sioux and took them to
a camp at Wounded
Knee creek. The
soldiers demanded the
Native Americans give
up all weapons.
http://tinyurl.com/d9aqyxc
12. 1891 1892 1894
Grandfather clause stated Collective Bargaining is a process of Ellis island was a gateway Eugene V. Debs
that even if a man failed negotiations between employers and from immigrants to the attempted to form an
the literacy test or group of employees aimed at United States. Busiest industrial union,
couldn’t afford the poll reaching agreements that regulate inspection station from American railroad
tax he was still entitled to working conditions. 1892-1924. 20% of union. In 1894 strike
vote. immigrants were detained was won for higher
for a day or two. Some unions.
were denied entry.
http://tinyurl.com/d9aqyxc
13. 1895 1896
Pullman strike in 1894 W.E.B. Dubois was William McKinley “Cross of gold Plessy vs. Ferguson was
conflict between 1st African American campaigned the speech” was where the supreme
American railway to receive a Republican party delivered by court ruled that the
union and other doctorate from nominated William Jennings separation of races in
railways that occurred Harvard in 1895. McKinley. Was the Bryan in 1896. public accommodations
in United States. Shut Strongly disagreed 25th president of the Bryan supported was legal and didn’t
down most of nations with Washington’s United States. Was bimetallism. violate 14th amendment.
freight and passenger gradual approach. assassinated on Impassioned
traffic west of Detroit, September 1901. address to
Michigan. McKinley led nation assemble delegates.
to victory against
Spanish- American
war. Maintained
nation on gold
standard.
14. 1897 1900 1903 1910
Ragtime was a musical Political machine offered Orville and Wilbur Angle island 1910-1940, 50,000
genre popular during services to voters and Wright were bicycle Chinese immigrants entered
1897-1918. African business in exchange for manufactures from United States through Angle
American spirituals and political or financial Ohio. Experimented island. Immigrants endured
European musical forms. support. In 1900 political with new engines questioning and long detention
Originated in 1880’s in machine declined. powerful enough to until they found out if they were
saloons of south. keep an air craft admitted or rejected.
aloft. 1st successful
flight on December
17, 1903 at Kitty
Hawk, North
Carolina.
