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In Search of Stability: The Economics and Politics of the Global Financial Crisis Mark Copelovitch Assistant Professor of Political Science & Public Affairs University of Wisconsin – Madison March 16, 2009
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Overview
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],What Went Wrong? Three Faulty Assumptions About 21 st  Century Finance
The Initial Problem: Subprime Mortgage Lending SOURCE: BBC
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Subprime Borrowers
Mortgage-Backed Securities (CDOs) SOURCE: NERA Ratings agencies play a key role
Subprime Mortgage Lending: Boom and Bust SOURCE: IMF, BBC
From Housing Crisis to Financial Crisis  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Big Freeze SOURCE: Bloomberg
The Big Freeze
Case Study: Northern Rock (UK) UK’s 8th largest bank in 2007 (£113 billion in assets)
Northern Rock’s Collapse Bank of England  - steps in to bail out (£55 billion in loans/guarantees) and ultimately nationalize NR (2/22/08) once the “run” starts
 
After Northern Rock, 2008-2009 SOURCE: BBC
… the Financial Losses Mount… March 2009: $5.1 trillion in family net worth losses (9%) in Q4 2008
… and the Real Economic Impact is Severe SOURCE: BBC/IMF GDP growth rates (%), 2008-2009
Policy Responses to Financial Crises: Two Phases ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Short-Term Policy Responses: Crisis Management ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Short-Term Policies: Key Questions  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How to Choose Policies?  Difficult Tradeoffs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
“ Bailouts” –  Liquidity vs. Moral Hazard ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],More money, fewer “strings” Less money, more “strings” Greater moral hazard costs
Financial Stability & Stimulus vs. Other Goals SOURCE: New York Times ,[object Object],[object Object]
Thus Far: Global Crisis, National Responses SOURCE:  BBC ,[object Object],[object Object]
The Global Reform Agenda: Consensus on  Broad  Goals… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
… But Not on  Specific  Policies & Institutions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Why No Agreement?  Difficult Tradeoffs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Tradeoffs: The Primacy of  Politics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Example: Reforming the IMF SOURCE:  Financial Times ,[object Object],[object Object]
The Next Stage: Are the Bailouts Working? TED Spread, March 2009
The Next Stage: Crises in Emerging Markets 9/-08 – 3/09: ~$50 billion in new IMF loans to Iceland, Pakistan, Ukraine, Belarus, Georgia, Serbia,  Latvia, and Hungary SOURCE:  Financial Times, IMF World Economic Outlook
The Next Stage: World Trade Collapsing?
Some Perspective: We’ve Been Here Before SOURCE: IMF, World Bank
Some Perspective: The Great Depression, 1929-1933 The Depression’s Effect on the US Economy SOURCE:  Historical Statistics of the United States , pp. 235, 263, 1001, and 1007
Some Perspective: Markets
Some Perspective: Recession vs. Depression
 

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