Hemoglobin is an oxygen-carrying pigment in red blood cells that transports oxygen from the lungs to tissues throughout the body. This process is an example of chemical bonding, as hemoglobin attracts and binds to oxygen molecules. Factors like pH and blood doping procedures can impact hemoglobin's ability to carry oxygen. Blood doping in sports aims to enhance performance by increasing red blood cell count and oxygen transport, but it poses medical risks like thickened blood and blood clots.

1. Chemical Bonding in Sports By Earl Chough

2. What is Hemoglobin Hemoglobin is the oxygen-carrying pigment of red blood cells that gives them their red color and serves to convey oxygen to the tissues. http://www.clarian.org/ADAM/doc/graphics/images/en/19510.jpg

3. How is hemoglobin important in the transport of oxygen in our bodies? Hemoglobin transfers oxygen from our lungs to all the other living tissues in our body. http://www.shands.org/health/graphics/images/en/19443.jpg

4. Why is the transport of oxygen by hemoglobin a real life example of chemical boding? The hemoglobin in the red blood cell attracts the oxygen molecules and travels throughout the body and gives oxygen to the needed living tissues. http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_8ps8fm-Mh_4/R5iwop1KpfI/AAAAAAAAAHc/kyxqQ02jPcA/s320/blog7.jpg

5. What does pH have to do with the transport of oxygen by hemoglobin The lower the pH of the blood goes the less oxygen the hemoglobin is able to carry. http://medicineandman.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2008/08/blood-cells.jpg

6. What is blood doping Blood doping is a procedure in which an athlete is injected with his or her own blood or the blood of a family member prior to competition, purportedly increasing the blood's oxygen-carrying capacity owing to the addition of red blood cells. http://www.yourperformance.co.uk/images/15043.jpg

7. What is the difference between autologous and homologous blood doping? Autologous is when your blood is extracted and enhanced but homologous is when a relative or someone with the same blood type gets their blood extracted and enhanced for you.

8. What is EPO and why is it used? EPO also known as Erythropoietin is a performance enhancing drug that helps produce more red blood cells for longer endurance and better performance.

9. What are the medical uses of blood doping? To help the spread of oxygen throughout the body if the patient has low air intake or something else. http://www.sonoma.edu/pubs/nb/2004/04_19/images/thumbsup.jpg

10. What are the side effects of blood doping? Side effects may include- Thickening of the blood, clots, heart attack, stroke, and pulmonary embolism. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/Blood_clot_diagram.png

11. Why is blood doping used in sports? To win. Only the strongest wins. http://thumbs.dreamstime.com/thumb_338/12279177364nknEJ.jpg

12. Incident of blood doping Tour de France rider Alexander Vinokourov, of the Astana Team, tested positive for two different blood cell populations and thus for homologous transfusion, according to various news reports on July 24, 2007. Vinokourov was tested after his victory in the 13th stage time trial of the Tour on July 21, 2007. A doping test is not considered to be positive until a second sample is tested to confirm the first. Vinokourov's B sample has now tested positive, and he faces a possible suspension of 2 years and a fine equal to one year's salary.

13. Incidents of blood doping According to Russian investigators, 19-year-old New York Rangers prospect and Russian hockey player Alexei Cherepanov was engaged in blood doping for several months before he died on October 13, 2008, after collapsing on the bench during a game in Russia. He also had myocarditis.