Devry bios255 anatomy and physiology with lab iii – entire course

1. Devry BIOS255 Anatomy and Physiology with Lab III – Entire Course
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Devry BIOS255 Anatomy and Physiology with Lab III – Entire Course
Question
The Heart (graded)
The human heartis a four-chambered hydraulic pump.A hydraulic pump uses differences in pressure to move
material from areas ofhigher pressures to areas oflower pressures.The pressure differences created by the heart
move blood between the chambers and the circulatory systems.Let’s begin our discussion byidentifying the
chambers ofthe heart and their functions,the associated valves,and the names and general route oftheir associated
great vessels.
The Contraction Cycle (graded)
The contraction cycle of the heart is the series ofevents that occurs during one heartbeat.Each beatof the heart
includes the contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole) ofthe atria and then the ventricles.Let’s begin the
examination ofthis cycle by discussing electrical conduction through the heart.
BIOS 255 week 2
Blood Vessel Structure (graded)
Let’s startby discussing the structure ofour blood vessels.Let’s each take a characteristic of (1) arteries,(2) veins,or
(3) capillaries.Build upon whatyour classmates sayto enable us to have a more full understanding ofthese vessels
that are essential for our existence.
Blood Flow Dynamics (graded)
Cardiac outputis the amountof blood ejected from the left or rightventricle in any given minute.Cardiac outputmust
be maintained in order to keep sufficientblood flow through the capillaries.Identify the factors that directly affect
blood flow in the circulatory system.
BIOS 255 week 3
Whole Blood (graded)

2. Describe the composition,physical characteristics,and functions ofwhole blood.Explain why it is classified as a
connective tissue.
Liquid Connective Tissue (graded)
Explain the similarities and differences among serum,lymph,and plasma.Each studentshould take one
characteristic ofthe fluid, extracellular componentofthis connective tissue and explain how it relates to the other
liquids.
BIOS 255 week4
The Lymphatic System (graded)
How do the various components ofthe lymphatic system operate? We have talked about many organ systems. In
what ways are components ofthe lymphatic system involved in manyother organ systems? Try to focus on one
elementofthis system and provide an in-depth view of its contribution to our overall health.
Nonspecific Immunity (graded)
How do the various elements ofthe nonspecific immune system function in providing dailyprotection againsta variety
of pathogens? Each studentshould provide a unique aspectofthe nonspecific immune system and educate the rest
of us concerning its function and how effective (or ineffective) it is againstone class ofpathogens.
BIOS 255 week 5
B and T Cells (graded)
Our knowledge and understanding ofthe various forms of lymphocytes continue to expand. Our initial discussion this
week will be on the various forms of B and T cells — each of us should take one class oflymphocytes and explain it’s
role in the adaptive immune process.As you commenton other students’ postings be sure to add additional insight
into the mechanisms ofthe subclass ofcell and its interactions with both components ofthe innate and other aspects
of the adaptive immune system.
Vaccinations – Friend or Foe (graded)
Recently a number ofindividuals have claimed thatadjuvants,such as thymersol in vaccines,lead to the
developmentofa variety of disorders,such as autism.Although these initial claims have notbeen substantiated and
have since been withdrawn from the scientific literature,the concern continues today. How would you counsel
parents concerning vaccination? Discuss the issue ofherd immunityand the risks in our modern societyrelated to
refusal to provide vaccinations.
BIOS 255 week 6
Respiratory Anatomy (graded)
Describe the anatomyand histologyof the respiratorysystem and how each of the functions are related.
Breathing (graded)
Describe the events that cause inhalation and exhalation and how Boyle’s law relates to the events.

3. BIOS 255 week 7
Transport of Gases (graded)
Describe how oxygen and carbon dioxide are transported in the blood,and explain how their loading and unloading is
affected by temperature,pH,BPG, and PCO2.
Respiratory Diseases (graded)
Compare the causes and consequences ofchronic bronchitis,emphysema,asthma,and lung cancer.Once we have
made these comparisons then we should follow up on other disorders thataffect either the upper or lower respiratory
systems.Be sure to commenton others postings in terms ofnew information thatcan contribute to a more complete
understanding ofthe diseases you pick.
Devry BIOS255N Week 4 Midterm Exam Answers
Question 1. Question : (TCO3) Which of the following is a major function of blood?
Student Answer:production of enzymes
production of neurotransmitters
transduction ofpressure
transportation ofheat
contractility
Question 2. Question : (TCO3) Which of the following blood types is a person whose blood cells were
agglutinated by anti-A serum but not by anti-B serum nor by anti-Rh serum
B positive
O negative
O positive
A negative
Question 3. Question : (TCO3) Which of the following formed elements in blood only temporarily move
through the blood before they become fixed in the tissues as macrophages?
thrombocytes
monocytes
basophils
eosinophils
Question 4. Question : (TCO3) Reduced vitamin B12 absorption from the small intestine due to reduced
intrinsic factor production from the stomach results in a condition called
aplastic anemia
megaloblastic anemia
pernicious anemia
iron deficiency anemia
Question 5. Question : (TCO3) Serum is
plasma withoutthe clotting factors
the same as lymph
formed during the first step in blood clotting
pulmonaryinterstitial fluid
Question 6. Question : (TCO3) Which of the following precursor cells give rise to T-cells?

4. meyloblasts
lymphoid stem cells
proerythroblast
megakaryoblast
Question 7. Question : (TCO3) Which of the following opposes the action of thromboxane A2 by inhibiting
platelet adhesion and release?
fibrinogen
plasmin
antithrombin
prostacyclin
Question 8. Question : (TCO3) Myeloid stem cells reside in
the yellow marrow
the thymus gland
the red marrow
the spleen
Question 9. Question : (TCO1) The tough, inelastic dense connective tissue that surrounds the heart is called
the
pleura
serous pericardium
fibrous pericardium
epicardium
Question 10. Question : (TCO1) During heart transplants, the ______ nerves are severedresulting in a faster
resting heart rate (approximately 100 beats per minute) after the transplant
cardiac accelerator
vagus
phrenic
cervical spinal
Question 11. Question : (TCO1) Which of the following factors lead to depressed cardiac output?
alkalosis
hypoxia
all of the above
none of the above have any depressive effects on the heart
Question 12. Question : (TCO1) If a person’s resting heart rate is 70 and their resting stroke volume is 60 ml
of blood, then their cardiac output is _______ L/min
4200
4.2
130
1.3
Question 13. Question : (TCO1) The purpose of the foramen ovale during fetal life is to
have the blood bypass the liver
have the blood bypass the lungs
have the blood bypass the placenta
have the blood bypass the brain
Question 14. Question : (TCO1) Heart murmurs are often heard in individuals with abnormalities in the ____
of the heart.
myocardium

5. SA node
AV node
endocardium
Question 15. Question : (TCO1) Which of the following electrocardiogram (ECG) waves represents ventricular
repolarization?
Q wave
P wave
S wave
T wave
Question 16. Question : (TCO1) Which part of the brain contains the cardiovascular center that regulated
heart rate?
cerebrum
medullar oblongata
cerebellum
thalamus
Question 17. Question : (TCO1) Which layer of the heart is comprised of epithelial cells?
epicardium
endocardium
pericardium
serous pericardium
Question 18. Question : (TCO2) Which of the following categories of hypertensive drugs lower blood
pressure by blocking the formation of angtiotensin II, which results in vasodilation and decreased
aldosterone secretion?
ACE inhibitors
Beta blockers
calcium channel blockers
anabolic steroids
Question 19. Question : (TCO2) Which of the following categories would an individual with a blood pressure
of 145/95 be placed in?
high normal
prehypertension
stage 1 hypertension
stage 2 hypertension
Question 20. Question : (TCO2) Which of the following effectors would NOT be activated as described below
in response to hypovolemic shock?
kidneys conserve saltand water
heart rate increases
systemic arterioles vasodilate
heart contractility increases
Question 21. Question : (TCO2) Which of the following blood vessels have high pulsing blood pressure?
internal jugular vein
median cubital vein
inferior vena cava
none of the above
Question 22. Question : (TCO2) During fetal development, the blood from the pulmonary veins are shunted
into the pulmonary arteries by the

6. foramen ovale
ductus venosus
placenta
ligamentum arteriosum
Question 23. Question : (TCO2) Most capillaries throughout the body are
sinusoids
portal systems
vasoconstrictorythroughputs
continuous
Question 24. Question : (TCO2) Capillaries are also referredto as
vasoconstrictors
vasodilators
pressure reservoirs
distributing vessels
Question 25. Question : (TCO2) The volume of blood that circulates through the systemic blood vessels in
one minute is called
tidal volume
cardiac output
cardiac reserve
total peripheral resistance
Question 26. Question : (TCO3) What is the pulse pressure of a person that has a systolic pressure of 150
mm Hg with a diastolic pressure of 90 mm Hg?
Question 27. Question : (TCO3) Determine the mean arterialpressure for a patient with an average systolic
pressure of 120 mm Hg with a mean diastolic pressure of 60 mm Hg:
Question 28. Question : (TCO3) What is the resting cardiac output (in liters) of an athlete with a stroke
volume of 75 ml and a resting heart rate of 60 beats/minute?
Question 29. Question : (TCO3) The same athlete during exercise has a heart rate of 180 beats/minute with an
increase of stroke volume to 125 ml. What is their cardiac output during exercise?
Question 30. Question : (TCO3) What is the cardiac cycle for a person with a resting heart rate of 80 beats per
minute?
Question 31. Question : TCO3) What is the name of the blood vessel that supplies the face and head (except
the brain) with oxygenated blood?
Question 32. Question : TCO3) What is the name of the blood vessel that is the distal extension of the
externaliliac artery as it enters the leg?
Question 33. Question : (TCO3) What is the name of the blood vessel that drains deoxygenated blood from
the medial aspect of the forearm?
Question 34. Question : TCO3) What is the name of the vein that is found behind the kneecap on the
posterior surface of the leg?
Question 35. Question : (TCO3) What is the name of this blood vessel that is highlighted?
Question 36. Question : (TCO3) List and briefly describe the three mechanisms used to reduce blood loss
from a damaged blood vessel.
Question 37. Question : (TCO1) Define arrhythmia and discuss different categories of arrhythmias.

7. Question 38. Question : (TCO2) What is a portal vein? Describe the hepatic portal circulation and its
functional significance
BIOS255 Week 1 Lab Exercise 27: Heart Structure and Function
Complete the following illustrations and post it in the Week1 Dropbox.
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1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6.
7. 8. 9.
10.11.12.
13.14.15.
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7. 8. 9.
10.11.12.
13.14.15.
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19.20.21.
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1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6.
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10. 11.12.
13. 14.15.
16.
BIOS255 Week 2 Lab 2
Bios 225 Week 2 Lab Exercise
Review of the Arteries
.jpg”>
1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6.
7. 8. 9.
10.11.12.
13.14.15.
16.17.18.
19.20.21.
22.23.24.
25.26.27.
28.29.30.
31.32.33.
34.35.36
37.
Review of the Veins

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1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6.
7. 8. 9.
10.11.12.
13.14.15.
16.17.18.
19.20.21.
22.23.24.
25.26.27.
28.29.30.
31.32.
BIOS225 Week 3 Lab Exercises Review of the Major Veins of the Thorax, Abdomen, and Pelvis
1. 2. 3.4. 5. 6.7. 8. 9.10. 11. 12.13. 14. 15.16. 17. 18.19.20.
Review of Major Arteries of the Lower Limb1.2.3.4. 5. 6.7. 8. 9.
Review of Major Veins of the Lower Limb
1. 2. 3.4. 5. 6.7. 8. 9.10. 11.
BIOS 255 WEEK 5 Lab 5 –
Lymphatic System & Disease Resistance
1.Describe lymphatic system functions.
.jpg” alt=”LymphaticVessels2″>2.Locate eachof the following lymphatic vessels:
right lymphatic duct, thoracic (left lymphatic) duct,
.gif”>.gif”>.gif”>right and left subclavian veins, and cisterna chyli.
a
b.
c.
d.
.gif”>
.
.jpg” alt=”BloodLymphMovement”>
e. Determine the direction of blood and lymph movement between arterioles,blood and lymph
capillaries, and venules.
f. Describe the lymphatic system role with regard to lipids and lipid-soluble vitamins.
3. What are the thymus gland functions?
4. Identify each of the following in a lymph node: afferent lymphatic vessels and efferent vessels.
.jpg” alt=”LymphNode”> a.
.gif”>.gif”>b.
c. What is the function of the macrophages within the lymph nodes?
d. Identify spleen functions..jpg” alt=”Spleen”>
.jpg” alt=”Cytolysis2″>
5. T Lymphocytes:Some activated cytotoxic T cells produce perforin. What is the function of perforin?
.jpg” alt=”Lymphotoxin”>
6. Some activated cytotoxic T cells produce Lymphotoxin. What is the function of lymphotoxin?
.jpg” alt=”Antibodies”>7.Activated B Lymphocytes are transformed into plasma cells that produce
antibodies. Name five ways antibodies can destroy foreign cells and substances.
Bios255n week 6 ilab

9. Acute respiratorydisorder
Acute respiratorydisorder
BIOS 255N Week 8 Final Exam Answers – Essay Questions
Question #1. Describe the feedback mechanism involved in erythropoiesis.
Question #2. Describe the cardiac cycle (include conduction,contraction,heartsounds and EKG information).
Question #3. Describe the factors that increase blood pressure (negative feedback involved in blood pressure
regulation).
Question #4. Describe the responses involved in non-specific immunity.
Question #5. Describe cell-mediated immunity(antigen presentation,antigen recognition,activation and cellular
response).Include both CD8 and CD4 T cells.
Question #6. Describe antibody-mediated immunity(antigen presentation,antigen recognition,activation and cellular
response).
Question #7. Describe the events, pressures and muscles involved in inhalation and exhalation.
Question #8. Describe how breathing is regulated through the negative feedback control of PCO2, PO2 and pH.