2. Agenda
• Make Up Vocabulary Quiz
• Organizing Your Speech
• Revising/Restructuring
Essay 4 for Your Speech
• Timing Your Speech
• Practice Your Speech
3. Make-up Vocabulary Exam
• You may make up any one
exam (1-5).
• Let me know which one
you want.
• You have 15 minutes to
finish the Exam.
• May the force be with you!
4. King followed Monroe’s Motivated Sequence:
A Method in Five Steps!
The five steps of the Monroe
motivated sequence:
1. attention
2. need
3. satisfaction
4. visualization
5. action
5. The Attention Step
• In the attention step, speakers call attention to the
situation. King, speaking from the steps of the Lincoln
Memorial, calls attention to Lincoln’s signing of the
Emancipation Proclamation, the situation of the Negro
today (“One hundred years later, the Negro still is not
free.”), and the fact that the words of the Constitution
and Declaration of Independence granting all people the
unalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of
happiness have not been fulfilled.
6. The Need Step
• For the need step, speakers describe the difficulty, trouble,
distress, crisis, emergency, or urgency. King says, “Instead of
honoring this sacred obligation [what the Constitution and
Declaration of Independence promise], America has given the
Negro people a bad check, a check that has come back marked
‘insufficient funds.’” And why have they come to Washington,
D.C.? — to “remind America of the fierce urgency of now.”
7. The Satisfaction Step
• In the satisfaction step, speakers tell listeners
how to satisfy the need they establish. King
says, “We must make the pledge that we shall
always march ahead.” To march ahead, he said,
“We can never be satisfied.” Then he tells
listeners to go back home knowing their
situation can and will be changed.
8. The Visualization Step
For visualization, speakers
offer listeners a vision of what
life can be once their solution
(offered in the satisfaction
step) is adopted. This is
where King offers listeners his
dream: “I have a dream”
offered along with five
different descriptions of what
life can and will be like in
Georgia, Mississippi,
Alabama, in communities,
and around the world.
10. Side by Side
Essay Outline
I. Presentation of the problem
A. Its existence
B. Its seriousness
C. Its causes
II. Consequences of failing to solve the problem
III. Description of the proposed solution
IV. List of steps for implementing the solution
V. Reasons and support for the solution
A. Acknowledgment of objections
B. Accommodation or refutation of objections
VI. Consideration of alternative solutions and their
disadvantages
VII. Restatement of the proposed solution and its
advantages
VII. End with an inspiring call to action.
Speech Outline
I. In the attention step, speakers
call attention to the situation.
(The Problem)
II. For the need step, speakers
describe the difficulty, trouble,
distress, crisis, emergency, or
urgency. (Its Seriousness)
III. In the satisfaction step, speakers
tell listeners how to satisfy the
need they establish. (The
Solution)
IV. For visualization, speakers offer
listeners a vision of what life can
be once their solution (offered in
the satisfaction step) is adopted.
(The Promise)
V. The final stage is the action step
when speakers offer listeners a
specific course of action to follow.
(Call to Action: Conclusion)
11. The Action Step
The final stage is the
action step when speakers
offer listeners a specific
course of action to follow.
King’s action step occurs
when he asks his audience
to “Let freedom ring,” and
he uses the phrase at the
end of the speech focusing
on eight states symbolizing
the whole nation.
12. Homework
Prepare for your speech!
Be a good audience member!
Bring a printed hard copy of
Essay 5 to class. Essay 5 is a
written version of your speech
and needs to be in MLA format.
Remember: Our final exam is
Monday 4-6:00 p.m.
