detailed information about MIS subject.

1. BY:-Gourav
Kottawar
Concept of Information Systems

2. HUANG Lihua, Fudan University
Feb., - July., 2005
What is a SYSTEM?
• A system is a group of interrelated components working
together toward a common goal by accepting inputs and
producing outputs in an organized transformation process.
– Components and their attribution
• Systems structure: relationship between components
• Subsystems
– Environment and Boundary
– Input and Output S1
S2
S3S4
Systems structure
Subsystems
Systems Boundary
Environment
Systems Input Output

3. HUANG Lihua, Fudan University
Feb., - July., 2005
Abstract Concept of a Systems
INPUT OUTPUTPROCESS
FEEDBACK

4. HUANG Lihua, Fudan University
Feb., - July., 2005
Example: a manufacturing system
INPUT
of raw materials
OUTPUT of
finished products
Manufacturing
PROCESS
Control by
Management
Control
signals
Control
signals
Feedback
signals
Feedback
signals
System Boundary
Environment

5. HUANG Lihua, Fudan University
Feb., - July., 2005
Pottery Company Organization
Systems
INPUT OUTPUTPROCESS
Control by
Management
Control
signals
Control
signals
Feedback
signals
Feedback
signals
System Boundary
Environment

6. HUANG Lihua, Fudan University
Feb., - July., 2005
Systems Category in Pottery
Company Systems
• Organization System
• Function Systems
– Manufacturing System
– Sell System
– Procurement System
– HR System
– Finance System
– Product design System
– …….
• Infrastructure System
– Plant system
– Machine system
– ……
• Information system
– Informal IS, formal IS,
formal computer-based IS
• Logistics System,
• Capital system

7. HUANG Lihua, Fudan University
Feb., - July., 2005
What is an Information Systems?
• An information system can be any
organized combination of people, hardware,
software, communications network, and
data resources that collects, transforms, and
disseminates information in an organization

8. HUANG Lihua, Fudan University
Feb., - July., 2005
Components of an Information
System
Control
Input Process
Memory
Output
DataPeople
Software
network
computer

9. HUANG Lihua, Fudan University
Feb., - July., 2005
Information Systems In Pottery
Company
• System:
• Information Product:
People
resources
hardware
resources
Software
resources
Data
resources
Network
resources
Specialists
End users
Machines
Media
Programs
Procedure
Data
entities
and
attribution
Communicati
on hardware
Communicati
on software

10. HUANG Lihua, Fudan University
Feb., - July., 2005
Information Systems Activities
• Input of Data
– Manual input by key, scanning, sound, image,…
• Processing of Data into Information
– Calculate, sort, find, report, disseminate……
• Output of Information Products
– Report, display, suggestion, ……
• Storage of Data Resource
– Database, data file, maintenance, …..
• Control of System Performance
– Audit, ……

11. HUANG Lihua, Fudan University
Feb., - July., 2005
DATA & INFORMATION &
KWONLEDGE
• DATA:
– Streams of raw facts representing events such
as business transactions, simple observations of
the state of the world
• Easily structured
• Easily captured on machines
• Often quantified
• Easily transferred

12. HUANG Lihua, Fudan University
Feb., - July., 2005
DATA & INFORMATION &
KWONLEDGE
• INFORMATION:
– Data endowed with relevance and purpose, or,
Clusters of facts meaningful & useful to human
beings in processes such as making decisions.
• Requires unit of analysis
• Need consensus on the meaning
• Human mediation necessary

13. HUANG Lihua, Fudan University
Feb., - July., 2005
Data & Information

14. HUANG Lihua, Fudan University
Feb., - July., 2005
DATA & INFORMATION &
KWONLEDGE
• KNOWLEDGE
– Information from the human mind (includes
reflection, synthesis, context ), which guide
human behavior in correct way.
– Information synthesized and contextualized to
provide value.
• Hard to structure
• Difficult to capture on machining
• Hard to transfer

15. HUANG Lihua, Fudan University
Feb., - July., 2005
Wrap Up
• Concepts
– A System
– An information system
– 5 resource components in an information
systems
– A activities in an information System
– Data, information and knowledge