How important is UNIX® to the Internet Explain why and support your.pdf

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How important is UNIX® to the Internet? Explain why and support your position using examples. Solution Ans. Importance of UNIX to internet: A lot of web applications are built for UNIX OS. These applications serve only to UNIX platform. These applications have static and dynamic content and UNIX OS does that very well. Many ofthese applications can ne built to run on Windows too but it has a virus issue. Windows can cause many viruses whereas there is no virus when it come to UNIX OS. For example, APACHE server runs on both UNIX and WIndows but it finds its application more on UNIX due to absence of viruses there..

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When developing a new software we should take into account how to create a specific \"Look and Feel\" per customer, What are the advantages of using Java GUI ? Solution Advantages of Java GUI: 1. It makes the navigation through the software very simple as compared to text based I/O. 2. Users dont have to remember the commands since interactive buttons and components are available for input. 3. Allows for increased usage of the software by users because of the graphical interface. 4. Java provides most of the input components through Awt which can be used for varied purposes. 5. Easy and neat alignment of components on the screen. 6. GUIs also offer efficient interaction with human-interface devices such as keyboards, mice and touchscreens..

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What impact did Pythagoras have on Euclid? Solution Pythagoras Probably the most famous name during the development of Greek geometry is Pythagoras, even if only for the famous law concerning right angled triangles. This mathematician lived in a secret society which took on a semi-religious mission. From this, the Pythagoreans developed a number of ideas and began to develop trigonometry. The Pythagoreans added a few new axioms to the store of geometrical knowledge. 1)The sum of the internal angles of a triangle equals two right angles 180*. 2)The sum of the external angles of a triangle equals four right angles 360* 3)The sum of the interior angles of any polygon equals 2n-4 right angles, where n is the number of sides. 4)The sum of the exterior angles of a polygon equals four right angles, however many sides. 5)The three polygons, the triangle, hexagon, and square completely fill the space around a point on a plane - six triangles, four squares and three hexagons. In other words, you can tile an area with these three shapes, without leaving gaps or having overlaps. 6)For a right angled triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides. Most of these rules are instantly familiar to most students, as basic principles of geometry and trigonometry. One of his pupils, Hippocrates, took the development of geometry further. He was the first to start using geometrical techniques in other areas of maths, such as solving quadratic equations, and he even began to study the process of integration. He solved the problem of Squaring a Lune and showed that the ratio of the areas of two circles equalled the ratio between the squares of the radii of the circles. Euclid Alongside Pythagoras, Euclid is a very famous name in the history of Greek geometry. He gathered the work of all of the earlier mathematicians and created his landmark work, \'The Elements,\' surely one of the most published books of all time. In this work, Euclid set out the approach for geometry and pure mathematics generally, proposing that all mathematical statements should be proved through reasoning and that no empirical measurements were needed. This idea of proof still dominates pure mathematics in the modern world. The reason that Euclid was so influential is that his work is more than just an explanation of geometry or even of mathematics. The way in which he used logic and demanded proof for every theorem shaped the ideas of western philosophers right up until the present day. Great philosopher mathematicians such as Descartes and Newton presented their philosophical works using Euclid\'s structure and format, moving from simple first principles to complicated concepts. Abraham Lincoln was a fan, and the US Declaration of Independence used Euclid\'s axiomatic system. Apart from the Elements, Euclid also wrote works about astronomy, mirrors, optics, perspective and music theory, although many of his works are lost to posterity. Certainl.

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Tic Tac Toe game with GUI please don\'t copy and paste from google. I really need the help. Solution Answer: import java.awt.GridLayout; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import javax.swing.*; public class TicTacToe extends JPanel { JButton buttons[] = new JButton[9]; int alternate = 0;//if this number is a even, then put a X. If it\'s odd, then put an O public TicTacToe() { setLayout(new GridLayout(3,3)); initializebuttons(); } public void initializebuttons() { for(int i = 0; i <= 8; i++) { buttons[i] = new JButton(); buttons[i].setText(\"\"); buttons[i].addActionListener(new buttonListener()); add(buttons[i]); //adds this button to JPanel (note: no need for JPanel.add(...) //because this whole class is a JPanel already } } public void resetButtons() { for(int i = 0; i <= 8; i++) { buttons[i].setText(\"\"); } } // when a button is clicked, it generates an ActionEvent. Thus, each button needs an ActionListener. When it is clicked, it goes to this listener class that I have created and goes to the actionPerformed method. There (and in this class), we decide what we want to do. private class buttonListener implements ActionListener { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { JButton buttonClicked = (JButton)e.getSource(); //get the particular button that was clicked if(alternate%2 == 0) buttonClicked.setText(\"X\"); else buttonClicked.setText(\"O\"); if(checkForWin() == true) { JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null, \"Game Over.\"); resetButtons(); } alternate++; } public boolean checkForWin() { /** Reference: the button array is arranged like this as the board * 0 | 1 | 2 * 3 | 4 | 5 * 6 | 7 | 8 */ //horizontal win check if( checkAdjacent(0,1) && checkAdjacent(1,2) ) //no need to put \" == true\" because the default check is for true return true; else if( checkAdjacent(3,4) && checkAdjacent(4,5) ) return true; else if ( checkAdjacent(6,7) && checkAdjacent(7,8)) return true; //vertical win check else if ( checkAdjacent(0,3) && checkAdjacent(3,6)) return true; else if ( checkAdjacent(1,4) && checkAdjacent(4,7)) return true; else if ( checkAdjacent(2,5) && checkAdjacent(5,8)) return true; //diagonal win check else if ( checkAdjacent(0,4) && checkAdjacent(4,8)) return true; else if ( checkAdjacent(2,4) && checkAdjacent(4,6)) return true; else return false; } public boolean checkAdjacent(int a, int b) { if ( buttons[a].getText().equals(buttons[b].getText()) && !buttons[a].getText().equals(\"\") ) return true; else return false; } } public static void main(String[] args) { JFrame window = new JFrame(\"Tic-Tac-Toe\"); window.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); window.getContentPane().add(new TicTacToe()); window.setBounds(300,200,300,300); window.setVisible(true); } }.

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This is a U.S History question: The 9/11 hijackers used fully-loaded airliners as weapons of war. Analyze the impact of 9/11 and terrorism on aviation in America. What have been the social, political, and economic effects of terrorism on commercial air travel and general aviation? Solution Air Space Closed: On September 10, 2001, US airports handled 38,047 flights. On September 12, they handled 252 commercial flights. One week later (September 18) there were 34,743 flights.1 • Passenger Traffic: US passenger traffic, measured by revenue passenger kilometers (number of travelers multiplied by the distance traveled) declined 5.9% in 20012 (compared to 2000) and a further 1.4% in 2002. Airlines struggled to match this decline by cutting capacity (available seat kilometers or number of seats multiplied by distance traveled) by 2.8% in 2001 and a further 3.9% in 2002. This was the first time since World War II that industry capacity declined for two consecutive years. After stabilizing in 2003, capacity growth resumed in 2004 and continued until 2008, when it declined again owing to soaring oil prices and the global financial crisis. Capacity fell further in 2009, returning virtually to 2000 levels. Between 2000 and 2009, the US commercial aircraft fleet shrank by around 700 units. In addition to the casualties and physical destruction directly caused by their attacks, terrorists seek to inflict wider psychological, social, political, and economic damage upon the societies they target. Terrorists can hope to harm economies in various indirect ways. These include: Reducing consumers’ and firms’ expectations for the future Forcing governments and the private sector to invest in security measures, which reduce efficiency in vulnerable industries (such as transportation and trade) and redirect investment away from more productive economic uses Altering behavior by inducing economic actors (consumers, investors, businesses) to avoid areas of perceived risk (either sectors, such as aviation or tourism, or geographic areas affected by terrorism) Triggering wider geopolitical conflict, which may cause further economic disruptions This paper examines the actual macroeconomic.

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All EXCEPT which of the following are stages of mitosis? a) S phase b) Telophase c) Prophase d) Metaphase Cytokinesis is a part of ___. a) M phase b) mitosis c) metaphase d) Interphase e) diplotene A startup cell culture contains 1 cell. How many cells will this culture contain after 5 rounds of mitotic cell division? a) 2 b) 5 c) 16 d) 32 e) 160 Somatic cells of an organism contain 2n=4 chromosomes After M phase is completed, the daughter cells will contain a) 2n=16 b) 4n=8 c) 2n=4 d) 2n=8 e) 1n=4 During S phase of the cell cycle, ___. A) DNA recombines B) RNA replicates C) DNA content essentially doubles D) sister chromatids move to opposite poles E) the nuclear membrane disappears The structure responsible for organization of the mitotic spindle is called: a) centrosome b) centromere c) centrifuge d) chromosome e) anaphase How many haploid sets of chromosomes are present in a diploid cell with 12 chromosomes? a) 2 b) 6 c) 12 d) 24 e) 48 Solution 1.S Phase 2.M Phase 3.32(each cell produces 2 daughter cells) 4.2n=4 5.sister chromatids move to opposite sides. 6.centrosome 7.6 chromosomes(Haploid number (n) of a chromosome is one half the diploid number. ).

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5. A water sample with a total alkalinity of 2.00 x 10 moles/L has a pH of 7.00. Compute the equilibrium concentrations of CO2, HCOs , co,, and OH Note that water and carbon dioxide can replace carbonic acid in the Kai reaction without changing the value of Kal H2O + CO2 H+ + HCO, Ka1 = 4.5 x 10-7 Solution The equilibrim equations involved are: H2O +CO2 <---->H+ +HCO3- ka1=4.5*10^-7 HCO3- <--->CO32- +H+ ka2=4.8*10^-11 Also given, pH=-log [H+]=7.0 [H+]=10^-7 M ...........(a) [OH-]=kw/[H+]=10^-14/[H+]=10^-14.............(b) pH=pka +log [base]/[acid] [henderson-hasselbach equation] pka2=-log ka2=-log(4.8*10^-11)=10.3 7.0=10.3 +log[CO32-]/[HCO3-] or, [CO32-]/[HCO3-]=5.012e-4. or,[CO32-]=(5.012e-4.)[HCO3-]..................(1) Also, H2O +CO2 <---->H+ +HCO3- ka1=4.5*10^-7=[H+][HCO3-]/[CO2] for x=[H+]=[HCO3-] (at equilibrium) [CO2]=[CO2]o-x , [CO2]o=initial concentration,but x is very less for very less dissociation ( ka1 is very small) [CO2]eq=[CO2]o 4.5*10^-7=[H+][HCO3-]/[CO2]=x^2/[CO2] or,[CO2]eq=x^2/(4.5*10^-7)=[HCO3-]eq/(4.5*10^-7) [CO2]eq=[HCO3-]eq^2/(4.5*10^-7) ...................(2) total alkalnity=[HCO3-] +2[CO32-] +[OH-] -[H+]=2.0*10^-3 mol/L plugging in eqn (a),(b),(1) & (2) in the equation for total alkalinity, total alkalnity=[HCO3-] +2(5.012e-4.)[HCO3-]. =2.0*10^-3 mol/L or, [HCO3-]=1.997*10^-3 mol/L [CO32-]eq=(5.012e-4.)[HCO3-].=(5.012e-4.)(2.0*10^-3 mol/L)=1.002*10^-6 mol/l [H+]eq=[OH-]eq=10^-7 mol/L [CO2]=[HCO3-]eq^2/(4.5*10^-7) =(1.997*10^-3 mol/L)^2/(4.5*10^-7)=8.862 mol/L [CO2]eq=8.862*10^3 mol/L.

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21: Elucidate three different pathways for targeting proteins to the mitochondrial inner membrane. NOTE: PLEASE CITE SOURCES Solution Answer: Protein translocation across mitochondrial membranes is mediated by multi-subunit protein complexes that function as protein translocators: 1. TOM complex: functions across the outer membrane 2. TIM23 and TIM22 complexes: function across the inner membrane 3. OXA complex TOM and TIM stand for translocase of the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes, respectively. These complexes contain some components that act as receptors for mitochondrial precursor proteins and other components that form the translocation channel. The TOM complex is required for the import of all nucleus-encoded mitochondrial proteins. It initially transports their signal sequences into the intermembrane space and helps to insert transmembrane proteins into the outer membrane. The TIM23 complex then transports some of these proteins into the matrix space, while helping to insert transmembrane proteins into the inner membrane. The TIM22 complex mediates the insertion of a subclass of inner membrane proteins, including the carrier protein that transports ADP, ATP, and phosphate. A third protein translocator in the inner mitochondrial membrane, the OXA complex, mediates the insertion of inner membrane proteins that are synthesized within the mitochondria. It also helps to insert some proteins that are initially transported into the matrix by the TOM and TIM complexes. Citations: 1. Stefan A. Paschen and Walter Neuper. Protein Import Into Mitochondria. IUBMB Life, 52: 101–11 (2001) 2. Dejana Mokranjac and Walter Neupert. The many faces of the mitochondrial TIM23 complex. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 1797, 1045–1054 (2010).

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The DOS Rename command allows file suffixes to be changed so that: ren cpp changes all files with suffixes .c to the the name with suffix.cpp. So a c is renamed a cpp, b.c is renamed b.ccp...for all files in the path Write a bash shell script that takes the destination path (directory)dest as an optional parameter and renames all files in dest or current directory with old extension to new extension. The format IS: proj3 dest] old extension new extension It should query the user about each file before rename (y or n) skip if n (or no Example: Suppose files a c b.c in the directory /dest A sample execution would be $proj3 ./dest c cpp rename a c? (y/n)y rename b.c? (y/n) n finshed $ls dest should include a cpp b.c Solution else echo \"do not want to change\".

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Summarize the process by which organizations change their cultures. Cite some examples. Solution Answer: The process of a change requires strong leadership that can inspire people to change. Besides this they should provide the proper information to the various stakeholders along side use the indimidation tools. Step-1 Provide leadership to change the organization for the benefits. Step-2 Provide some information tools to get the information communicated that the change process has begun and the methodology for the change is in picture. Step-3 Use power tools like threats, punishments and fiats to deal with the conditions that may occur because of the chnage taking place..

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Step 1 The Pair Class Many times in writing software we come across problems that require us of values. For to store a pair example, a coordinate system would require an x, y value pair or a hash key value pair Your task on this assignment is table as a data, one type but to create a simple template pair class called Pair that has two type parameters. You should call these parameters F and s. Functionality Constructor You should create a working constructor that takes two type parameters one for each of the pair values. get First This is an accessor method that will return the first of the pair values. get second This is an accessor method that will return the second of the pair values. set First This is a mutator method that will set the first pair value setsecond This is a mutator method that will set the second pair value Solution Pair.java public class Pair { private F first; //first member of pair private S second; //second member of pair public Pair(F first, S second) { this.first = first; this.second = second; } public void setFirst(F first) { this.first = first; } public void setSecond(S second) { this.second = second; } public F getFirst() { return first; } public S getSecond() { return second; } } LinkedList.java template class Node { private T data; //the object information private Node* next; //pointer to the next node element public void setData(T val) { this.data = val; } public void setNextNull() { this.next = NULL; } public void setNext(Node *tmp) { this.next = tmp; } public Node* getNext() { return this.next; } }; template class LinkedList extends Node { private Node *head = new Node; private Node *tail = new Node; public LinkedList() { head = NULL; tail = NULL; } public ~LinkedList() { } //Method adds info to the end of the list public void append(T info) { if(head == NULL) //if our list is currently empty { head = new Node; //Create new node of type T head->setData(info); tail = head; } else //if not empty add to the end and move the tail { Node* temp = new Node; temp->setData(info); temp->setNextNull(); tail->setNext(temp); tail = tail->getNext(); } } public void addFront(T info) { if(head == NULL) //if our list is currently empty { head = new Node; //Create new node of type T head->setData(info); tail = head; } else //if not empty add to the end and move the tail { Node* temp = new Node; temp->setData(info); temp->setNext(head); head = temp; } } //insert after given node public void insert(Node *node,T info) { Node *temp = new Node; temp->setData(info); temp->setNext(node->getNext()); node->setNext(temp); } public void delete(Node *node) { Node *temp = new Node; temp = head; while(temp->getNext() != node && temp->getNext() ) { temp = temp->getNext(); } if(temp) { temp->setNext(node->getNext()); delete node; } } public Integer size(Node *head) { int sz=0; Node * temp = new Node; temp = head; while(temp) { sz++; temp = temp->getNext(); } return sz; } } PairList.java public class PairList< E, F > extends LinkedList< Pair< E,.

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