How are proteins imported into the thylakoids of chloroplastsSo.pdf

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How are proteins imported into the thylakoids of chloroplasts? Solution Answer: Nuclear-encoded thylakoid proteins are first imported into the chloroplast and then directed to the thylakoid using different sorting mechanisms. The proteins targeted for chloroplasts contain transit peptide sequence called stromal import sequence or a stromal and thylakoid targeting sequence. Import receptors and translocation complexes aid in targeting the protein to its respective location. The endoproteases in stroma remove transit peptide sequences and the proteins fold into functional form. Proteins of the outer membrane complex are called Tocs Inner membrane translocon complex proteins are called Tics Proteins destined for thylakoid membrane will have both stromal and thylakoid targeting sequence. cpSRP pathway is used for the insertion of these integral membrane proteins into the thylakoid membrane..

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how do i expand upon selectionSortType so that you are no longer bound to a list of 1000 elements. Thus, you\'ll be using pointers to create dynamic arrays. As you\'ll recall, when you use pointers in a class you need to do three things: 1) Define the Copy Constructor (So that you have a deep copy instead of a shallow copy) 2) Overload the Assignment Operator for Your Class. 2) Add a Deconstructor To Clean Up Your Pointers. //////////////////////////////////////////////////////// HEADER FILE /////////////////////////////////// Solution #include #include struct prsn { char name[25]; int age; struct prsn *Next_Person; }; struct lndlst { struct prsn *head; struct prsn *tail; int nodeCount; }; void inintlize (lndlst *ll); void insrtFrnt (lndlst *ll); void insrtRear (lndlst *ll); void dlteRear (lndlst *ll); void setData (prsn *p); void PrintList (lndlst *ll); void main () { lndlst ll; //linked list created inintlize(&ll); //linked list initialized int choice = 0; //list is empty, lets create prsn //dynamically do { cout << \" 1: insert item in front\" << endl; cout << \" 2: Insert item in rear\" << endl; cout << \" 3: Delete item from front\" << endl; cout << \" 4: Delete item from rear\" << endl; cout << \" 5: Print List\" << endl; cout << \" 8: Exit\" << endl; cin >> choice; if (choice == 1) { insrtFrnt(&ll); } if (choice == 2) { insrtRear(&ll); } if (choice == 3) {// DeleteFront(&ll); } if (choice == 4) { dlteRear(&ll); } if (choice == 5) { PrintList(&ll); } }while (choice != 8); } void inintlize(lndlst *ll) { ll->head = NULL; ll->tail = NULL; ll->nodeCount = 0; } void setData(prsn *p) { cin >> p->name ; cin >> p->age ; p->Next_Person = NULL; //just to inintlize } void insrtFrnt(lndlst *ll) { if (ll->head == NULL && ll->nodeCount == 0) //means empty list { prsn *p; p = new prsn; setData(p); ll->head = p; ll->tail = p; ll->nodeCount++; } else { prsn *p; p = new prsn; setData(p); p->Next_Person = ll->head ; ll->head = p; ll->nodeCount++; //increment counter } } void insrtRear(lndlst *ll) { if (ll->head == NULL && ll->nodeCount == 0) //means empty list { prsn *p; p = new prsn; setData(p); ll->head = p; ll->tail = p; ll->nodeCount++; } else { prsn *p; p = new prsn; setData(p); ll->tail->Next_Person = p; //now point tail of second last element to last ll->tail = p; //yes tail is now the new element inserted ll->nodeCount++; //increment counter } } void dlteRear(lndlst *ll) { prsn *tempLast; prsn *temp2ndLast; tempLast = ll->head ; if (ll->nodeCount > 0 ) { //we can use for loop with nodeCount or the following method while (tempLast->Next_Person != NULL) { temp2ndLast = tempLast; tempLast = tempLast->Next_Person ; } temp2ndLast->Next_Person = NULL; delete tempLast; ll->nodeCount --; } } void PrintList(lndlst *ll) { int i = 0; struct prsn *tempNode; tempNode = ll->head ; cout << \"The linked list is...\" << endl; for (i = 0; i < ll->nodeCount ; i++) { cout << tempNode->name <<\"\\t\" <age << endl; ; tempNode = tempNode->Next_Person ; } }.

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