Apple 1. 1 | P a g e
lsc & ubZ vfHk–f"V APPLE – New Wisdom
iwjk fo'o lsc dks Qyksa dk ljrkt ;k Þfdax v‚Q ÝwV~lß ekurk gSA lsc loZO;kIr] LokLF;çn vkSj
Lokfn"V Qy gSA ;g jkst ¼Rosaceae½ ifjokj dk lnL; gSA bl ifjokj ds vU; Qy vk<w] [kqckuh]
psjh] uk'kikrh] LVª‚csjh] jlcsjh] vkywcq[kkjk] cknke vkfn gSaA bldk okuLifrd uke Þesyl MksesfLVdkß
¼Malus domestica½ gSA ;g gjs] ihys ;k yky jax dk gksrk gSA vUnj dk jlhyk xwnk lQsn gksrk gSA
Lokn esa ;g gYdk ehBk] rh[kk vkSj FkksM+k [kêk gksrk gSA lsc çk;% dPpk ;k T;wl cuk dj fy;k tkrk
gSA blls ÝwV lykn] luMs] l‚l] tse] tsyh] lkbMj] ,Iiy lkbMj fousxkj vkfn cuk;s tkrs gSaA bls
dbZ O;atu tSls ,Iiy ikbZ] dsd] dqdht] MfEiax] czsM LVfQax vkfn esa Hkh ç;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA ;kn
j[ksa dVs gq, lsc ij uhacw dk jl yxkdj j[ksa] lsc dkyk ugha iM+sxkA blds cht dM+os gksrs gSa vkSj
[kk;s ugha tkrs gSaA
lsc dk isM+ 3&12 ehVj yEck gksrk gSA bldh ifÙk;ka fn[kus esa lk/kkj.k lh] vaMkdkj] 5&12 ls-eh- yEch
vkSj 3&6 ls-eh- pkSM+h gksrh gSaA blds Qwy clUr _rq esa f[kyrs gSaA bldk Qwy lqUnj gksrk gS vkSj
mlesa gYdh xqykch lQsn ikap ia[kqfM+;ksa gksrh gSaA
vkne vkSj bZo dh dgkuh us lsc dks Kku] vejRo] ykyp] iki ;k euq"; ds iru dk çrhd cuk fn;k
gSA ysfVu Hkk"kk esa ,Iiy ¼aApple½ vkSj bfoy ¼Evil½ nksuksa dk
eryc ,d ¼malum "an apple", malum "an evil, a
misfortune") gh gksrk gSA 'kk;n blhfy, dbZ ikSjkf.kd dFkkvksa esa
bls oftZr Qy ¼Forbidden Fruit½ dgk tkrk gSA lsc dks
LokLF;] lsDl] dkeqdrk dk Hkh çrhd ekuk x;k gSA
bldh mRifÙk dsfIl;u lh vkSj Cysd lh ds chp ?kus miou esa gqbZ
gSA vkt ;g LFkku dtk[kLFkku esa vkrk gS] ysfdu vc lsc dh
iSnkokj iwjs fo'o esa gksrh gSA fo'o esa lsc dh 75000 çtkfr;ka ikbZ
tkrh gSA jsM Msyhf'k;l] xksYMu Msyhf'k;l] xzsuh fLeFk] esfdaVks'k]
tksukFku] xkyk vkSj ¶;wth vkfn bldh çeq[k fdLesa gSaA phu]
vesfjdk] rqdhZ] i‚ysUM vkSj bVyh blds çeq[k mRiknd ns'k gSaA
2. 2 | P a g e
Hkkjr esa lsc dk bfrgkl
Hkys vkt iwjk fo'o d'ehj vkSj fgekpy çns'k ds lscks dk nhokuk gks] ysfdu Hkkjr esa lsc dk bfrgkl
ek= 100 o"kZ iqjkuk gh gSA Hkkjr esa lsc dks ykus dk Js; lSeqvy boku LVksDl ¼tUe & 16 vxLr]
1882 e`R;q & 14 ebZ] 1946½ uke ds vesfjdu dks tkrk gSA mUgsa Hkkjr esa lsc Økafr dk vxznwr dgk
tkrk gSA buds firk cgqr cM+s m|ksxifr Fks vkSj LVksDl ,.M isfj'k e'khu daiuh ds ekfyd FksA ysfdu
LVksDl dks vius firk ds O;olk; esa #fp ugha FkhA os fØf'p;u laU;klh cu dj ekuork dh lsok
djuk pkgrs FksA rHkh mudh eqykdkr M‚- ekdZl pkyZ~lVu ls gqbZ] tks Hkkjr esa dq"B jksx ds ejhtksa ij
dk;Z dj jgs FksA bl rjg os vius firk dh bPNk ds fo#) 26 Qjojh] 1904 dks dq"B jksfx;ksa dh
ns[kHkky djus ds edln ls M‚- pkyZ~lVu ds lkFk Hkkjr vk x;sA Hkkjr esa ;s f'keyk ds ikl likVw
uked LFkku ij dq"B jksfx;ksa dh lsok lqJqlk djus yxsA bUgsa f'keyk dh [kwclwjr okfn;ksa ls I;kj gks
x;k vkSj ;gha cl x;sA bUgha okfn;ksa esa Fkkus/kkj ¼f'keyk ls 82 fd-eh- nwj½ ds ikl ,d dLcs dksVx<+
dh lqUnj igkM+h fØf'p;u jktiwr ckyk ,Xul cSatkfeu us bl Hkksys Hkkys ekuork ds lsod dk fny
Hkh pqjk fy;kA fQj D;k Fkk budk I;kj ijoku p<+us yxk vkSj flracj] 1912 esa nksuksa us /kwe/kke ls
fookg jpk
irk gh ugha pyk fd ,d vesfjdu ;qok ns[krs ns[krs dc fgUnqLrkuh cu x;kA lSeqvy us Hkkjr dks
vktknh fnykus ds fy, Hkh vaxzstks ls dbZ iaxs fy;s ftlds fy, vaxzstksa us bUgsa nks o"kZ ds fy, ykgkSj
tsy esa can Hkh fd;k FkkA vius iq= dh e`R;q ds ckn budk >qdko fgUnw /keZ dh rjQ gks x;kA blds
ckn ,d ckj eækl esa lU;klh lR;kuan dh LVksDl ls HksaV gks xbZA LVksDl us lR;kuan dks ckbcy ds
3. 3 | P a g e
rRo Kku dks le>kus dk ç;kl fd;k rks b/kj Lokeh us xhrk n'kZu dks LVksDl ds lkeus j[kkA Lokeh
ds vdkVî rdksaZ ls LVksDl cgqr çHkkfor gq, vkSj nks Vwd fu.kZ; ys fy;k fd os fgUnw /keZ dh nh{kk ysaxs
vkSj 1932 esa ;s vk;Z lekth cu x;s vkSj viuk uke lR;kuan LVksDl j[k fy;k vkSj ,Xul fç;k nsoh
gks xbZA 1937 esa bUgksaus dksVx<+ esa ,d HkO; xhrk efUnj] Fkkus/kkj esa lR;kuan LVksDl —"kd lkeqnkf;d
Hkou vkSj ckxokuh dsUæ Hkh cuok;k FkkA
mu fnuksa vesfjdk esa lsc dh iSnkokj pje lhek ij FkhA lSeqvy dks yxk fd dksVx<+ dk tyok;q lsc
dh [ksrh ds fy, fcydqy mi;qä gSA LVksDl dks fo'okl Fkk fd igkM+ksa dh le`f) ckxokuh esa gh
fufgr gSA blfy, lu~ 1919 esa LFkkuh; yksxksa jkstxkj fnykus ds edln ls bUgksaus vesfjdk ls lsc ds
ikS/ks ykdj vius 200 ,dM+ ds cjksckx esa yxk;sA 1925 esa tc lsc dh igyh iSnkokj cktkj esa fcdus
igq¡ph rks yksx [kjhnus ds fy, VwV iM+sA blds ckn rks cl iwjs bykdsa ds fdlku lsc dh [ksrh esa tqV
x;sA vkt fgekpy çns'k Hkkjr dk lsc jkT; dgykrk gSA bl bykds esa vkt Hkh mUgs Þt‚uh ,IiylhM
v‚Q fgeky;ß ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA
iks"kd rRoksa dk vuwBk laxe
lsc esa dSyksjh de gksrh gSA blesa lksfM;e]
la=Ir olk (Saturated Fats½] ;k d‚ysLVsjksy
fcydqy ugha gksrk gSA lsc esa foVkfeu&lh vkSj
chVkdsjksVhu i;kZIr ek=k esa gksrk gSA blesa
¶ysoksu‚;M vkSj i‚yhQsuksYl çtkfr ds vusd
,aVhv‚DlhMsaV~l gksrs gSaA bldh ,aVhv‚DlhMsaV
{kerk ¼ORAC value½ 5900 Vh-bZ- gksrh gSA lsc
esa ik;s tkus okys çeq[k ¶ysoksu‚;M~l
D;qvjlsfVu] ,fidsVsfpu] çkslk;fufMu ch&12 gSaA
blesa ch&d‚EIysDl foVkfeu tSls jkbcks¶ysfou]
Fkk;feu] ikbfjMksDlhu çpqj ek=k esa gksrs gSaA
iksVsf'k;e] QksLQksjl vkSj dSfY'k;e [kfut rRoksa
esa çeq[k gSaA
gkykafd lsc esa Qkbcj dh ek=k cgqr vf/kd ugha
gksrh gSA 100xzke lsc esa 2&3 xzke gh Qkbcj
gksrk gS] ftlesa 50% isfDVu gksrk gSA ysfdu ;g
Qkbcj lsc ds vU; iks"kd rRo ds lkFk fey dj
jä esa QSV~l vkSj d‚ysLVsjksy dh {kerk dks dbZ
xquk c<+k nsrk gSA lsc dh jä ds QSV~l dks de
djus dh {kerk Qkbcj ls Hkjiwj dbZ vU; [kk|
inkFkksaZ ls Hkh vf/kd gksrh gSA ysfdu ân; jksx esa
iwjk Qk;nk ysus ds fy, vkidks flQZ isfDVu ysus
ls dke ugha pysxk] cfYd vkidks iwjk lsc [kkuk
iM+sxkA
Apple (Malus domestica) Fresh
Nutritive value per 100 gm
Energy 50 Kcal 2.5%
Carbohydrates 13.81 g 11%
Dietary Fiber 2.40 g 6%
Vitamins
Folates 3 µg 1%
Niacin 0.091 mg 1%
Pantothenic acid 0.061 mg 1%
Pyridoxine 0.041 mg 3%
Riboflavin 0.026 mg 2%
Thiamin 0.017 mg 1%
Vitamin A 54 IU 2%
Vitamin C 4.6 mg 8%
Vitamin E 0.18 mg 1%
Vitamin K 2.2 µg 2%
Potassium 107 mg 2%
Minerals
Iron 0.12 mg 1%
Magnesium 5 mg 1%
Phosphorus 11 mg 2%
Phyto-nutrients
Carotene-ß 27 µg --
Crypto-xanthin-ß 11 µg --
Lutein-zeaxanthin 29 µg --
4. 4 | P a g e
lsc ds peRdkjh xq.k & ubZ ifj–f"V
i‚ojQqy i‚yhQsu‚Yl
fiNys o"kksaZ esa lcls vf/kd 'kks/k i‚yhQsuksYl ij gqbZ gSA lsc esa bu i‚yhQsuksYl dk vuwBk lUrqfyr
ns[kus dks feyrk gS] 'kk;n blhfy, lsc [kkus okys yksxksa ls jksx Hkh Mjrs gSA lsc esa D;qvjlsfVu uke
dk ¶ysoksu‚y çeq[k QkbVksU;qfVª;sUV gS]
tks xwns ls T;knk blds fNyds esa gksrk
gSA blds lkFk dsEQsjksy vkSj ekbfjlsfVu
Hkh egRoiw.kZ gSaA Dyksjkstsfud ,flM lsc
dk çeq[k fQuksfyd ,flM gS] tks xwns
vkSj fNyds esa leku :i ls ik;k tkrk
gSA lsc dh yky jaxr dk jkt ges'kk
,aFkkslk;fuu gksrk gS] tks vf/kdrj fNyds
esa gh flfer jgrk gSA ;fn lsc iwjk yky
gS ;k yky jax cgqr xgjk gS] rks mlesa
,aFkkslk;fuu cgqr vf/kd gksrk gSA lsc esa
,fidsVsfpu çeq[k dsVsfpu i‚yhQsuksYl
gksrk gSA lsc ds cht esa eq[;
i‚yhQsuksYl ¶yksfjfM~tu ¼ 98% ½ gksrk
gSA lsc ds xwns esa vkius ns[kk gksxk fd lsc ds VwVus ;k dVus ls mldk xwnk Hkwjk gksus yxrk gS vkSj
[kjkc gks tkrk gSA 'kks/kdrkZ bldk dkj.k i‚yhQsuksy v‚DlhMst ,atkbe ¼PPO½ dks ekurs gSa] tks lsc
ds VwVus ;k QVus ij i‚yhQsuksYl dk v‚DlhMkbt djus yxrs gSaA ;k ;w¡ le> yhft;s fd lsc esa tax
yxus yxrk gS] ftlds QyLo:i xwnk Hkwjk vkSj dkyk iM+us yxrk gSA Hkwjk vkSj [kjkc gksus ij lsc
bFkkbyhu xSl Hkh NksM+us yxrk gS] tks nwljs lscksa dks Hkh [kjkc djrk gSA vkius dgkor lquh gksxh fd
,d lM+k gqvk lsc iwjh Mfy;k ds lsc [kjkc dj nsrk gSA blfy, lsc dh isfdax vkSj ifjogu esa cgqr
,gfrgkr j[kuh iM+rh gSA vkSj vktdy lscksa ij osDl i‚fyf'kax Hkh blhfy, dh tkrh gSA
v‚le ,aVhv‚DlhMsaV
lsc ds vf/kdka'k i‚yhQsuksYl 'kfä'kkyh ,aVhv‚DlhMsaV ekus x;s gSaA ;s [kklrkSj ij dksf'kdk&fHkfÙk ds
QSV~l dks v‚DlhMkbt ¼called Lipid Peroxidation½ gksus ls cpkrs gSaA ;g xq.k ân; vkSj
jä&ifjogu laLFkku ds fy, cgqr egRoiw.kZ gS] D;ksafd jä&okfgdkvksa dh vkarfjd lrg dh
dksf'kdkvksa esa QSV~l ds v‚DlhMkbt gksus ls okfgdkvksa ds ladh.kZ gksus ¼Atherosclerosis½ vkSj vU;
fodkjksa dk tksf[ke jgrk gSA vkSj ;s i‚yhQsuksYl QSV~l dks v‚DlhMkbt gksus ls cpkrs gSa vkSj lsc dks
ân; fgrS"kh dk ntkZ fnykrs gSaA
lsc ds 'kfä'kkyh ,aVhv‚DlhMsaV vLFkek vkSj QsQM+s ds dSlj dk [krjk Hkh de djrs gSaA i‚yhQsuksYl
ds lkFk lsc esa 8 feyhxzke foVkfeu&lh Hkh gksrk gSA ;g ek=k cgqr lkekU; gS] ysfdu fQj Hkh cgqr
[kkl gS D;ksafd foVkfeu&lh ds iqupZØ.k ¼Recycling½ ds fy, ¶ysoksu‚;M~l cgqr t:jh gksrs gSaA vkSj
lsc esa ;s ¶ysoksu‚;M~l Hkjiwj gksrs gSaA
5. 5 | P a g e
Mk;fcVht Msestj
fiNys dqN o"kksaZ esa gqbZ 'kks/k ds vuqlkj Mk;fcVht ds fu;a=.k esa lsc dk egRo vpkud c<+ x;k gSA
lsc esa i‚yhQsuksYl dbZ Lrj ij 'kdZjk ds ikpu vkSj vo'kks"k.k dks çHkkfor djrs gSa vkSj jä esa
Xywdkst ds Lrj dks c[kwch fu;af=r j[kus dh dkSf'k'k djrs gSaA ;s tknqbZ i‚yhQsuksYl bl rjg dk;Z
djrs gSaA
• ;s 'kdZjk ds ikpu esa xfrjks/k iSnk djrs gSaA lsc esa fo|eku D;qvjlsfVu vkSj vU; ¶yksoksu‚;M
'kdZjk dks ipkus okys ,atkbEl vYQk&vekbyst vkSj vYQk&XywdkslkbMst dks ckf/kr djrs gSaA
;s ,atkbEl tfVy 'kdZjk dk fo?kVu djds ljy dkcZ Xywdkst esa ifjofrZr djrs gSaA tc ;s
,atkbEl ckf/kr gksrs gSa] rks LokHkkfod gS fd jä esa Xywdkst dk Lrj ugha c<+sxkA
• i‚yhQsuksYl vkar esa Xywdkst dk vo'kks"k.k dh xfr dks de djrs gSa] ftlls jä esa Xywdkst
/khjs&/khjs c<+rh gSA
• ;s isufØ;kl ds chVk lsYl dks balqfyu cukus ds fy, çsfjr djrs gSa] vkSj balqfyu ds fjlsIVlZ
dks mRlkfgr djrs gSa rkfd balqfyu Xywdkst dks dksf'kdk esa Toyu vkSj ÅtkZ cukus ds fy,
Hkstrk gSA jä&çokg ls Xywdkst dks dksf'kdk esa Hkstus ds fy, dksf'kdk ds bUlqfyu fjlsIVlZ
dk bUlqfyu ds fpiduk vkSj dksf'kdk ds e/kq&}kj dks [kksyuk t:jh gksrk gSA vki ;w¡ le>sa
fd bUlqfyu gkeksZu e/kq&}kj dks [kksyus dh dqath dk dk;Z djrk gSA bl rjg lsc esa fo|eku
i‚yhQsuksYl jä'kdZjk ds fu;a=.k esa enn djrs gSaA
gkVZ ghyj
lsc esa ty&?kqyu'khy isfDVu vkSj i‚yhQsuksYl dk vuwBk feJ.k bls ân; ds fy, fgrdkjh cukrk gSA
fu;fer lsc dk lsou djus ls d‚ysLVsjksy vkSj cqjk ,y-Mh-,y- d‚ysLVsjksy de gksus yxrk gSA jä
vkSj jä&okfgdk dh vkarfjd lrg dh dksf'kdk&fHkfÙk esa QSV~l dk v‚DlhMs'ku ¼called Lipid
Peroxidation½ de gksuk dbZ ân; jksxksa ls cpko dh eq[; dM+h gSA
lsc esa fo|eku D;qvjlsfVu ds çcy çnkgjks/kh ¼Anti&inflammatory½ xq.k Hkh ân; jksx ls cpko esa
[kkl LFkku j[krs gSaA blhfy, fu;fer lsc [kkus ls 'kjhj esa lh-vkj-ih- ¼tks 'kjhj esa bU¶yses'ku dk ,d
ekdZj gS½ de gksrk gS vkSj ân; jksx dk tksf[ke de djrk gSA bl loZO;kIr vkSj Lokfn"V Qy esa
ç—fr us gesa fdrus ân;&fgrS"kh iks"kd rRo ,d lkFk fn;s gSaA iks"kd rRoksa dk ,slk fofp= laxe cgqr
de ns[kus dks feyrk gSA 'kk;n blhfy, gekjs cqf)eku iwoZt dgrs vk;s gSa fd jkst ,d lsc [kkus ls
vki fpfdRld ls nwj jgsaxsA eSa rks ;gh dgw¡xk fd
tks fur çk.kk;ke djr gS vkSj lsc Qy [kk;s
dcgq u fefygS cSnjkt ls jksx u dksbZ gks;s
dSalj fdyj
gkykafd lsc dbZ rjg ds ¼vkar vkSj Lru dSalj½ dSalj esa ykHknk;d ekuk tkrk gS] ysfdu QsQM+s dks
dSalj esa ;g fo'ks"k egRoiw.kZ gSA lsc fuf'pr :i ls QsQM+s ds dSalj dk tksf[ke de djrk gSA blds
fy, i‚yhQsuksYl ds ,aVhv‚DlhMsaV~l vkSj çnkgjks/kh ¼Anti-inflammatory½ xq.k ftEesnkj ekus x;s gSaA
'kks/kdrkZvksa us gtkjksa yksxksa ij 'kks/k fd;k gSA yksxksa dks nks Jsf.k;ksa esa ckaVk x;k] ,d Js.kh dks lsc dks
6. 6 | P a g e
NksM+ dj vU; Qy vkSj lfCt;ka f[kykbZ xbZ rks nwljh Js.kh dks flQZ lsc f[kyk;s x;sA 'kks/kdrkZvksa us
ik;k fd lsc [kkus okyh Js.kh esa QsQM+s ds dSalj dk tksf[ke vk'p;Ztud :i ls de gqvk FkkA
'kks/kdrkZ bu urhtksa dk Li"Vhdj.k ugha <w¡<+ ik jgs gSa vkSj ekurs gSa fd vHkh vkSj 'kks/k dh vko';drk
gSA
vU;
ubZ 'kks/k ls dqN ,sls ladsr fey jgs gSa fd lsc vLFkek dk tksf[ke Hkh cgqr de dj nsrk gSA blds
fy, Hkh i‚yhQsuksYl ds ,aVhv‚DlhMsaV~l vkSj çnkgjks/kh ¼aAnti-inflammatory½ xq.k ftEesnkj ekus x;s
gSaA ysfdu 'kks/kdrkZ ekurs gSa fd lsc esa i‚yhQsuksYl ds vykok Hkh dksbZ vU; ,slk rRo Hkh gS tks
vLFkek ds fy, Qk;nsean gSA lsc vY>kbej vkSj jsVhuk ds esD;wyj Mhtujs'ku esa Hkh xq.kdkjh ekuk
x;k gSA QkLQkshjl vkSj ykSg ç/kku gksus ls ;g efLr"de vkSj 'kjhj dh ekalisf'k;ksa esa 'kfä dk uo
lapkj dj bUgsak lq–<+ cukrk gSA vuqla/kkudrkZ ekurs gSa fd lsc [kkus ls cM+h vkar esa DyksfLVªfM;sy vkSj
csfDVfj;ksM~l uked thok.kq dh la[;k dkQh de gks tkrh gSA blls cM+h vkar dk p;kip; esa Hkh
cnyko vkrk gS vkSj dbZ Qk;ns gksrs gSaA
oks rhu lsc ftUgksaus cny nh nqfu;k
rhu lscksa us bl nqfu;k dk Lo:i cny dj
j[k fn;k gSA ;wukuh ikSjkf.kd dFkkvksa ds
vuqlkj igyk lsc rks bZo us vkne dks
f[kyk;k] tks bl /kjk ij ekuo lalkj dk
dkj.k cukA ;fn vkne vkSj bZo us bZMu
xkMZu esa og oftZr lsc ¼Forbidden
Fruit½ ugha [kk;k gksrk rks 'kk;n vkt esjk
vkSj vkidk vfLrRo Hkh ugha gksrkA nwljk lsc
lj vkbtd U;wVu ds flj ij fxjk ftlls
mudk flj ?kweus yxk vkSj mUgksaus
xq#Rokd"kZ.k dk fl)kar cuk;k] ftlds dkj.k
foKku us bruh rjDdh dh vkSj pkan ij Hkh
Qrg gkfly dhA rhljk ,Iiy LVho tksCl
dh dYiuk esa iSnk gqvk] ftldh otg ls vkt vki vkSj ge esd dEI;wVj] vkbZQksu] vkbZisM] vkbZVîwu
vkSj vkbZiksM bLrseky dj jgs gSaA