2. • Direct Speech
Direct Speech adalah kalimat yang diucapkan secara langsung oleh pembicara dan jika
ditulis kalimat tersebut akan diberi tanda kutip (Quotation mark).
• Indirect Speech
Indirect Speech adalah kalimat yang kita laporkan kepada orang lain secara tidak
langsung dan tanpa diberi koma.
3. PERUBAHAN TENSES
Direct Speech:
Simple Present Tense
Present Continuous Tense
Present Perfect Tense
Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Simple Past Tense
Simple Future Tense
Future Continouos Tense
Conditional
Indirect Speech:
Simple Past Tense
Past Continuous Tense
Past Perfect Tense
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Past Perfect Tense
Past Future Tense/Conditional
Past Future Continuous Tense
Conditional
4. PERUBAHAN ADVERB OF TIME (KETERANGAN WAKTU)
Direct : Indirect :
1. Now → 1. Then
2. Today → 2. That day
3. Tonight → 3. That night
4. This week → 4. That week
5. Yesterday → 5. The day before
6. The day before yesterday → 6. Two days before
7. Last ... → 7. The ... before
8. A year ago → 8. A year before/The previous year
9. Three years ago → 9. Three years before
10. Tomorrow → 10. The next day/The following day
11. The day after tomorrow → 11. In two day’s time/The following day
12. Next → 12. The following
13. On Sunday → 13. On Sunday
14. Here/there → 14. There/here
15. This/that → 15. That/this
16. These/those → 16. Those/these
5. PERUBAHAN AUXILIARIES (KATA BANTU)
Direct : Indirect :
1. Can → 1. Could
2. May → 2. Might
3. Must → 3. Would have to (kegiatan yang akan
datang)/had to (keharusan yang biasa)
4. Will → 4. Would
5. Shall → 5. Should
6. Have/has to → 6. Had to
6. KINDS OF DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH
1. Statement (Pernyataan) yang menggunakan “that”
2. Question (Pertanyaan) :
• Jika kalimat dari jenis “yes or no question”, maka bentuk laporannya
menggunakan if atau whether.
• Jika kalimat dari jenis “with question words”, maka bentuk laporannya
menggunakan 5W+1H sebagai kata hubung.
3. Command (Perintah) menambahkan kata “to” sebagai penghubung kalimat dalam
perintah positif. Prohibition (Larangan) menambahkan kata “not to” sebagai
penghubung kalimat dalam perintah negatif.
7. 1. STATEMENT (PERNYATAAN)
Example :
1. The teacher told the students, “I will teach you some traditional dances tomorrow.”
The teacher told the students that he/she would teach them some traditional dances
the following day.
2. Dayang Sumbi told Sangkuriang, “You are my own son.”
Dayang Sumbi told Sangkuriang that he were her own son.
3. Anita told, “I bought some folktale books last night.”
Anita told that she had bought some folktale books the night before.
8. 4. Mrs. Fitri told the students,”I will give you a test about narrative text next week.”
5. Miss Bella said. “I am a student of English Department in Wijaya Kusuma
University.”
9. 2. QUESTION (PERTANYAAN)
1. Yes/No question
Example :
1. Dayang Sumbi asked Sangkuriang, “Do you want to marry me?”
Dayang Sumbi asked Sangkuring if he wanted to marry her.
2. Anita asked Amir, “Can you tell me about ‘Sangkuriang’ folktale now?”
Anita asked Amir whether he could tell her about ‘Sangkuriang’ folktale then.
3. An old woman asked a hunter, “Did my little daughter lost in the jungle yesterday?”
An old woman asked a hunter if her little girl had lost in the jungle the day before.
10. 4. My father asked me, “Have you finished the homework?”
5. They asked me, “Will you go to Jakarta?”
11. 2. With question words
Example :
1. Roro Anteng asked Joko Seger, “When will god give us children?”
Roro Anteng asked Joko Seger when god would give them children.
2. Budi asked Rani, “Where did you buy this story book last night?”
Budi asked Rani where she had bought that story book the night before.
3. Dayang Sumbi asked Sangkuriang, “What can you do to marry me?”
Dayang Sumbi asked Sangkuriang what he could do to marry her.
12. 4. I asked my uncle, “When will you visit us here?”
5. She asked me, “Who am I?”
