This Presentation is Regarding the Governance of Balochistan.

1. IssuesofGovernanceof Balochistan
CONTRIBUTION OF MCS 1 BOYS:
 ASIM JAVED 767
 USMAN NAZIR 776
 HASSAN ZAIB 765
 HASAN ABID 764
 SAMEED TOQEER 773
 MUHAMMAD MOEEZ 769
 ZAKAULLAH 781
 MUHAMMAD NOUMAN 771
 MUSTAFA IQBAL 770
 AWAIS ZIA 760
 DANISH AZID 761

2. Contents
 TOPICS NAMES
 Problem faced for the gawadar port project Muhammad Moeez
 Problem of dams Hasan Abid
 Terrorism and Raw involvement Muhammad Nouman
 Ptm Awais Zia
 Iran issue Muhammad Asim javed
 Feudalism Usman Nazir
 Development issues and Poverty Muhammad Moeez
 Lack of Medical Facility Mustafa Iqbal
 Water crisis Hassan Zaib
 Unemployment Zakaullah
 Educational system Danish Azid
 Corruption and Illitracy Sameed Toqeer
 Chaman Border Zakaullah
 Conclusion and Recommendation Hasan Abid

3. Terrorism
 Balochistan is facing the problem of terrorism from last 16 years. Terrorism is the biggest problem of Balochistan right now. Terrorism is
act of terrorist which is creating panic and violence among the people of the Balochistan, which cant let anyone to live in peaceful life.
Balochistan suffer alot from terrorism because of involvement by other countries like India, iran, usa, isreal and Afghanistan. Terrorist
are spreading unrest in Balochistan using Afghanistan's soil. Raw is operating from Afghanistan to sabotage CPEC.
 Balochistan has been facing ethnic- and sectarian-based terrorism for over two decades. Militancy increased dramatically in the province
after Baloch tribal leader Nawab Akbar Bugti was killed in an operation in 2006.
 Many insurgent groups are present in Balochistan. Here is the list of insurgent groups:
 • BLA (Baloch liberation army)
 • BLF ( Balochistan liberation front)
 • BLUF (Baloch liberation united front)
 • BPC (Balochistan protection council)
 • BNM (Baloch national movement)
 • BRA (Baloch republican army)
 • PLA (people's liberation army)
 • Lashkar e Balochistan
 • Popular front for armed resistance
 • Baloch musalla difa organization
 India behind terrorism in Balochistan?
 1) Because india still not accepted division of subcontinent.
 2) India try to divert the international attention from kashmir issue.
 3) india wants to De-stabilize Balochistan because of CPEC.

4. Number of terror attacks and casualties from
2006 to 2019 in Balochistan.
Years Terror Attacks Killed
2006 403 277
2007 536 224
2008 692 296
2009 792 386
2010 737 600
2011 640 710
2012 474 631
2013 487 727
2014 341 375
2015 218 257
2016 151 412
2017 58+ 155
2018 284 313
2019 50+ 33
Total 5,863 5,396

5. RAW involvement
 BLA ( Baloch liberation army) , kalboshan yadav and india sponsored terrorism in the Balochistan. Thsi is
the main problem of Balochistan. As far as development is concerned, china is putting a huge amount of
money of infra structure development in Balochistan. It is main hub of CPEC. India is not happy with the
development of cpec and trying to sabotage cpec by plying its card in Balochistan. The recent arrest of
Kalboshan yadav testifies the involvement of india in Balochistan. The enemies of Pakistan do not want to
see Pakistan flourishing in economic field. They know that if cpec goes successful, Pakistan will become
an asian tiger. So to stop it , they start terrorism in Pakistan specially in Balochistan. Raw directly involved
in terrorism in Balochistan. They trained insurgent groups to fight againts Pakistan army. They also give
them a huge amount of money to fight against Pakistan army. Raw also give money to PTM ( Pashtun
tahafaz movement) to criticize army. Ptm also involved in anti state movement.
 But don't worry Pakistan army is expert in eliminating terrorist either its BLA or Raw.
 Balochistan has a beautiful future ahead. It will be richest and most powerful province of Pakistan in near
future.
 My point of view:
 • most balochi are proud Pakistani.
 • few groups and sardar are being paid to oppose govt and state.
 • Raw agents still trying to create unrest in Balochistan, but soon with the help of security forces and the
locals peace is being restored in Balochistan.

6. IRAN Issue
 Our relationship with Iran was never much good or much bad, Taftan border is the main border which links Balochistan
and Iran, one of the main issues of Iran and Balochistan is the part of Balochistan was given to Iran during the
government of Ayub Khan, the main issue was started during the reign of general zia, the project of gawadar port was
announced and the Iran was not in favour of gawadar port, land for gwadar port was acquired from Oman during the
reign of Ayub Khan in 1958 and some of the land was acquired during the reign of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, Iran was also
against acquiring of this land by Pakistan from Oman, there are many other issues between Iran and Balochistan.Iran
played sectarianism card to create conflicts between the people of Balochistan with each other Iran trained different
groups and introduced these groups in Balochistan by different ways which was the reason of fight of balochis with
each other, after that India involved and played diplomacy to attract Iran towards them and Iran showed interest
towards India and the proxy war continued which affected Pakistan badly.For last 15 to 18 years the baloch leaders who
gone across the border sheltered By Iran, the leaders who created conflict between the people of Balochistan they were
the leaders of the organisations which opposed the ideology of Pakistan, it is being said that the ideology of separation
of Balochistan was planned in Iran.Indian never wanted Pakistan to introduce any project like gawadar so it tried its best
to make the relationship between Iran and Pakistan complicated or bad there is also a port in Iran called chabahar port,
which is same like gawadar port.Pakistan was managing for oil extraction which was risk for Iran because the ratio of
minerals was same in Iran and Balochistan Iran wanted Pakistan not to extract oil from Balochistan they said we shall
provide refined and subsidized oil to Pakistan,Iran was afraid that Pakistan will start extraction of oil from Balochistan.
Afghanistan also play a big role to make Pakistan and Iran relationship complicated.Now a days it is being said that
Corona virus entered in Pakistan from Iran through Taftan border. These are the issue I know about Iran and Balochistan.

7. Problems Faced By Gawadar Board Project
 While the China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) has been welcomed with open arms, there are
inherent issues that cannot be ignored while planning out its materialisation. Gwadar is key to the
development of the project; however, the area is extremely neglecte, and despite extensive
development it still faces issues of water scarcity and an energy crisis as well. One of the most
important steps in establishing Gwadar as a significant port involves the development of the
residential part of Gwadar city and addressing the issues that people there are facing. Gwadar is
slated to be a commercial and tourist hub, it will be impossible to achieve that without a large and
satisfied population. A port which is expected to be the largest port of Pakistan can only become
functional if it has a well-established infrastructure. This includes a developed city, with basic
necessities being guaranteed to the people. This will also give local businesses a boost and might
actually change the outlook of the province of Balochistan. The Government of Pakistan needs to see
this project as a golden opportunity to make amends, to bring the people of Balochistan in the
development net and negotiate their way to a political solution, which has been impossible since the
last 70 years. The residents of the area should be included in the projects and effective policies need
to be worked upon from now on. Development of the city of Gwadar should go hand in hand with
the development of the port, development as a by-product of the port should not be their go to
strategy.

8. Water crisis
 According to reports, 62 percent of Balochistan is deprived of safe
drinking water and more than 58 percent of it's land is uncultivable due to water
scarcity. The situation in Balochistan is quite dire. ... Currently, over 6,000 tube wells
are lifting water from districts across the province. To this date, hardly any significant
project had been launched to cater water resources from five major rivers of the
area flowing close to the Mekran Coast.We suggested to the Government to
construct dam and water resources downstream of Dasht River which had two major
contributories of mighty Nihing River and Kech River.

9. Corruption in Balochistan
 After the 18th amendment in constitution , Balochistan became the victim of
loot by politicians , bureaucrats and technocrats . The balochistan assembly
(2008-2013) looted Rs 360 billion ffrom provincial exchequer . Moreover ,
Balochistan is the only province where all the development funds go in the
pockets of MPAs without spending even a aingle penny on province .
 Balochistan assembly (2008-2013) is considered as the most
corrupt assembly in Pakistan's history and almost same was the case with
(2013-2018) assembly and many MPA's of current assembly are also corrupt
and there are many cases filed against these corrupt politicians in Balochistan
NAB but this institution is totally nonfunctional in Balochistan .
 In 2015 , according to national action plan , a grand operation
was started against every kind of terrorism including economic terrorism
under the lead of General Raheel Sharif and it was much effective but still
Balochistan is the victim of corruption .

10. Illiteracy in Balochistan
 Illiteracy can be termed as no education . According to Pakistan
bureau of statistics , literacy is defined as “ the ability of a person
to read or write a simple letter with understanding in any
language”.
 Baluchistan has highest illiteracy rate in all the
provinces of Pakistan . It stands at 44% in the country while the
literate people in Balochistan are also just able to read or write .
All this is due to the corrupt and ineligible rulers of the province

11. Lack of Medical Facility
 Health care is a broad term that pertains to a system that involves the maintenance and the improvement of medical services in order
to cater the medical demands of the people. The ever growing demands of the people, particularly the patients, has been widely
recognized and cannot be undermine. In fact, if we take a look back in the past centuries, the vast range of changes that has
happened and continues to happen in the modern society is clearly seen globally. These kinds of changes involve the advancement of
health care system and services that is a result of the innovation of technology. As the world population grows day by day, the
importance of health is considered to be one of the top priorities in this modern society.
 Despite of these periorites in our modren society,The major issue in rural areas of Balochistan is health due to lack of doctors and
other required facilities that should be given by the government. Over half of Balochistan is deprived of basic education and health
facilities and people live below poverty-line, in other words, below a respectable standard of living. A large number of people are
suffering from numerous diseases. People face shortages of lady doctors across the province and other health issues in rural and
remote areas.
 Almost 780 pregnant women die every year in Balochistan due to lack of maternity health facilities at hospitals and clinics, according
to a report by the Balochistan Institute of Research and Development.
 The province has 28 public hospitals, 550 basic health units and 90 childcare and maternity health clinics. However, at 90% of these
hospitals, specialist female doctors are not available.
 Many of these hospitals and clinics do not have trained staff either. The reason behind the overwhelming number of deaths is that
pregnant women from areas such as Nasirabad, Sibbi, Loralai and Kech have to travel to either Quetta or Karachi to receive basic
healthcare facilities. Consequently, the child and mothers die on the spot.
 On the other side, damaged roads and transportation are also a reason that poor people can’t afford the fee of ambulances and
other sources. The patients face more difficulty during travel from rural to urban. As a result, patients die during the journey before
reaching the hospitals in urban areas.
 Government of Balochistan should provide ambulances to people of rural areas so that their patients can be taken to hospital
emergency departments on time. Therefore, I request from Chief Minister Balochistan, Jam Kamal and also from the federal
government to ensure the presence of lady doctors and first aid facilities in rural Balochistan.

12. Lack of Medical Facility
 Clinics and hospitals in other areas of Balochistan don’t have vents or even oxygen cylinders, she said. Another problem
that occurs is that the ambulance fee to shift patients from smaller districts to cities is very high.
 Almost Rs12,000 is charged to take one patient, said Arif, an incharge at Civil Hospital
 Health sector requires much focus. There are some departments belonging to health sector like (BHU), Basic Health Unit,
and (RHU) Rural Health Unit which are under the management of People’s Primary Health Initiative (PPHI). Through this
PPHI, many amendments have been seen. In the regime of Pervez Musharaf, he announced 20 million for health sector,
3750 million for women health project provided at health department.
 In Balochistan unfortunately there is only one medical college, Bolan Medical College (BMC) at the Capital city Quetta which
is not enough to produce trained doctors and nursing services for this huge population. There must be 3 to 4 medical
colleges in Balochistan. BMC itself lacks many amenities. The MRI machines have not been functioning for last five years. In
emergency cases mostly the trouble is faced that is the lack of ambulances and stretchers and beds for patients. Khuzdar
being the 2nd largest city of Balochistan, there is no ambulance here and not a proper remedies for emergency cases.
 Government should work on health sector on emergency basis. Health sector budget must be raised for Balochistan. The
Public sector hospitals must be facilitated all the amenities which are in lack. There should be trained medical staff available
all the time in Government hospitals. There are many unlicensed clinics & labs such clinics and Laboratories must be closed.
If the Government hospitals are prioritized or facilitated then there is no need of private hospitals because poor people
cannot afford the charges and fees of private hospitals.
 The Government of Balochistan needs to launch long term plans on health sector and ensure implementation of previously
announced projects & proper utilization of funds to improve the health sector in the natural rich province.

13. Unemployment in Balochistan
 Unemployment has become a major problem in Balochistan.
Around 60 percent of the province’s population is jobless. Even
those who are educated have a hard time finding employment.
Unemployment causes a country to rot, because when people have
trouble making money the honest way they inevitably turn to crime
and corruption. Therefore it is very unfortunate that the majority of
jobs go to the richest people hands in place of those who are most
able. It is my request to the Balochistan government as well as the
Federal government that they take note of this issue and do
something to fix this problem.

14. Feudal System
 Feudal system Military, social, and political customs all followed the feudal system in which land was
exchanged for work. In a feudal system a peasant or worker known as vassal received a piece of land
in return for serving a a lord or king. The feudalism is the major hurdle in the way of progress and
prosperity of the Balochistan because the feudal lords do not let their subjects to be educated so that
no one share their power. The feudal prototype in Balochistan consists of landlords with large joint
families possessing thousands of acres of land. Feudalism has become a strong part of the political
system so both the government and feudal dictatorship are interrelated. The effects of feudalism were
that the nobles became responsible for the protection for their vassals and serfs. The manor became
an agricultural estate operated by the lord and worked by the peasants who sustained the land and
drove the economy.The history of Balochistan is full of inter tribal feuds conflicts and disputes. Mostly
tribal conflicts give rise to wars .the war between Mir Chakar of rind tribe and Mir Gohram of Lashari
tribe was also of the same nature. The inter tribal disputes have given rise to the institution of "Mairh"
and "Marka".The Importance of the institution of Mairh can be realized from the fact that twenty
years long Marri- Bughti war was settled just in three days. People of Balochistan have resisted
enforcement of criminal procedure code or police administration just because they feel a sense of
security in the apparently backward system of Jirga and Mairh.

15. Chaman Border
 Chaman is 190 Kilometers from Quetta and about 900 kilometers from Karachi.Chaman is a border
town situated in the North Western border between Afghanistan and Pakistan. It is an important town
of Balochistan province. Chaman connects Pakistan with neighboring Spin Boldak in Kandahar
Province of Afghanistan.Chaman was an important town during the English times. Many explorers
writers and spy's from the English times have crossed this border and wrote their memories.
 Chaman has a railway station which was built across the mountain pass known as Khojak pass. The
train accommodates services with Kandahar as well as other parts of Afghanistan. A slow passenger
train runs between Chaman and Quetta daily. In 2008, it was proposed to extend this railway through
Afghanistan to Central Asia, but since the problems of NATO and Pakistan government have risen this
project may not be possible in near future. Chaman is an exteremly interesting and nostalgic place it
has scenes of tribal people and rugged barran mountain which give it a very special look.

16. Problems Of Dam
With almost no rainfall in the area and dried up dams, there is a serious shortage of freshwater in Gwader. Fisherman, Ilahi Bakhsh who lives in Doria village close to the sea in
Gwadar, complained that he also faces great difficulties in getting safe drinking water. "We want development that benefits us and in the current scenario we don’t see it
happening," said Ilahi Bakhsh."Due to prolonged drought in Gwadar, the government is providing us water through tankers but it is not sufficient to fulfill our daily
requirements, as only 30-40 gallons is provided to each household once a week," informed Ilahi Bakhsh about the water arrangements made by the government to address
the water woes of the city.Gwadar, the port city in Balochistan, is the only deep sea port of Pakistan. The port gained strategic importance after China and Pakistan joined
hands to initiate theChina-Pakistan Economic Corridor Project (CPEC), worth $62 billion. CPEC is one of the most important components of China’s trillion dollar One Belt, One
Road initiative.Though it is estimated that billions of rupees would be invested in Gwadar as part of CPEC, at the moment, the city faces immense issues with water scarcity
being the biggest one.During the writer’s stay in Gwadar, he met many people, most of whom were associated with the fishing industry. One of them was Muhammad Rafi who
had a similar story to tell. He said, "From the past 4-5 years there has been no rainfall and the temperature has also increased due to which we have been facing immense
problems."One of the members of Zer Fishermen Welfare Society Gwadar, Abdul Sattar, a 35-year-old with three children, spoke of his hardships in getting water. He informed,
"From the past 5-6 years there is no rainfall due to which all of the local dams have dried. However, in order to meet the water requirements, water is coming through tankers
from Turbat’s Mirani Dam, which costs around Rs15,000-18,000."Sattar also said, "The government provides water via tankers once a week. The Akra Kaur Dam, also known as
Ankara dam, has been dry for the past four years and the Sawad Dam constructed over the past one year is empty, as it relies solely on rainfall in order to provide water. No
one is thinking about the local communities of Gwadar who should be reaping the benefits of these ongoing developments," complained Sattar.How government provides
water to the people of Gwadar Water comes to Gwadar via water tankers from the Mirani Dam situated in Turbat, covering a one-way distance of 142-km. It is first delivered to
the water works town, after which it is supplied to the rest of the city. This water is stored in three large underground inter-connected tanks containing 500,000 gallons, 300,000
gallons and 200,000 gallons respectively and tankers are filled from this point. Here the officials of the Union Councils (UCs) distribute water to their respective UCs. At the
entrance of the water works town, a police constable, an army official and a clerk from the Public Health Engineering (PHE) Department record the number of tankers supplying
water to various UCs in order to ensure transparency.The tankers supplying water to the people in Gwadar are the same as the ones being used to supply petrol and diesel,
which clearly indicates that this water must be highly infested with pollutants. These tankers are mostly owned by private people, meaning the government has to pay for these
services. So far the government has spent billions of rupees in payments to the tanker owners for their services in transportation of water. People have to buy water to fulfill
their daily water requirements.In a recent development, the government of Balochistan has signed an agreement with a Russian company - Climate Global Control Trading -
which will facilitate cloud seeding in the drought-hit areas of Gwadar. A senior government official said it will cost approximately 5 billion rupees.Gwadar has three dams. Akra
Kaur Dam, also known as Ankara Kaur Dam, was constructed in the 1990s and is situated 32 km north of Gwadar. Initially its storage capacity was 17,000 acre-feet but has now
been reduced to 6,000 acre-feet due to lack of maintenance. Presently, it is completely empty due to no rainfall. Mirani dam is a reservoir fed by the Kech river and the Nihing
river. Mirani dam was commissioned by WAPDA in 2001 and completed in July 2006. Sawad Dam, Shadi Kaur Dam and Belar Dam are ready to function except for the fact that
there is no water to fill them up with. Furthermore, the pipelines linking them to Gwadar still need to be laid down.The Gwadar Port authorities stated during a meeting that
there are two desalination plants constructed by the Chinese, one of which provides 100,000 gallons of water daily.

17. Problems Of Dam
while the other one with a capacity of 250,000 gallons is not operating at its full capacity and is solely meant for port activities.The government of Balochistan has signed a
MoU with China Overseas Holdings Limited which will enable the Chinese company to provide 300,000 gallons of water daily at 0.80 rupees per gallon. This desalinated water
will later be provided all across Gwadar through tankers.The study classifies droughts into four different categories: meteorological, agricultural, hydrological and socio-
economic. Unfortunately, the drought is said to affect the landless labourers and small farmers. Due to subsequent losses in agriculture and livestock, the poorest of the poor
have been left with no option but to sell their valuables to survive.The drought study by UNDP Pakistan calls for sustainable management of water resources to fight the impact
of drought. Specifically regarding Gwadar, the study states that the district is characterised by moderate temperature and low rainfall. However, the adverse drought conditions
across the province have affected Gwadar as well. The degree of drought that affects the population of Gwadar is estimated to be 30-55 per cent.In the study’s food security
classification of districts in Balochistan, Gwadar is listed in the ‘highly food insecure’ category requiring immediate attention, signaling that a crisis has emerged primarily due to
water scarcity.Tahir Rasheed, a senior environmentalist, said the issues of Gwadar are no different from other cities of Balochistan. "Being a strategic port city, Gwadar has
gained immense importance after the CPEC and estimates predict that an uptick in investments will trigger migration from other cities to Gwadar. This underscores the need to
invest in climate-resilient infrastructure and ensure the provision of basic facilities, including water. However, before any project is initiated, Environmental Impact Assessment
(EIA) and Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) should be carried out," said Tahir Rasheed.He went on to say, "The biggest issue that continues to haunt Gwadar is water. Being
close to the sea, its groundwater is brackish, therefore we have to rely on surface water or desalination plants. To make Gwadar a viable city, the water issue has to be
addressed on war-footing.""Bringing water from Turbat isn’t a sustainable solution. Reverse Osmosis (RO) plants at the village level can help. Another idea can be to get water
from Iran just the way we are getting electricity for our border districts," added Tahir Rasheed.Mome Saleem, an environmentalist and policy researcher, looked at the water
scarcity issue from another perspective. According to her, "Human security means provision of basic rights to people. Water security is its foremost component hence under the
CPEC we need to consider it. The entire Balochistan is grappling with water issues and we must not ignore the importance of water in sustaining life and livelihoods."Mome
suggested that the government should establish desalination plants indigenously which will be a practical solution. "The MoUs with various partners for the provision of
desalinated water should be framed in such a way that they are revised on a yearly basis and when Pakistan builds its own plants, it should end such contracts," added
Mome.Environmentalist from Balochistan Tariq Zehri explained that the Sur Bandar desalination plant has been successfully constructed by Pakistan and is operational at a
capacity of 200,000 gallons per day. "However, in order to ensure its equitable distribution, the water pipelines will be laid down. At the moment, this water is being supplied
through tankers."The total water requirement of Gwadar is 0.8 million gallons per day (mgd). The capacity of the Sur Bandar desalination plant will be further enhanced and will
cater to most of the port city’s water requirements.Abdul Rahim, Assistant Director Environment, Gwadar Development Authority (GDA), also confirmed that Sur Bandar’s
desalination plant will provide 0.7 mgd of desalinated water to the people of Gwadar. According to him, "The cost of desalination plant is two billion rupees. The Chinese
desalination plant at the free port has a capacity of 250,000 gallons per day and is operational for 5-6 months. It costs Rs1.2 billion to set up such a plant, but it is unfortunate
that the transportation cost of bringing water from Turbat’s Mirani Dam for eight months was Rs1.4 billion. This money could have been utilised to construct a desalination
plant, which was a viable solution.""Furthermore, this water from polluted tankers has led to various water-borne diseases among the locals including hepatitis, stomach
problems and kidney issues," added Rahim.Zeeshan, the operator of the desalination plant at the economic zone, informed TNS that currently it provides 100,000 gallons of
water per day and is operational for eight hours only. However, the plant can provide up to 250,000 gallons per day, thus confirming there is a daily surplus of 150,000 gallons
of clean water which can be supplied to the locals of Gwadar. This desalinated plant has been functional for the past eight months, but since there is no agreement between
the Balochistan government and the Chinese who own the desalination plant, a golden opportunity has been missed.Artificial rain:Science has shown that artificial rain has
emerged as a new force to tackle drought and desertification and this idea has captured the imagination of the bureaucracy of Balochistan as well. Bringing water from Mirani
Dam to Gwadar for only one year cost two billion rupees. In a recent development, the provincial government of Balochistan has signed an agreement with a Russian company
- Climate Global Control Trading - which will facilitate cloud seeding in the drought-hit areas of Gwadar. A senior government official who did not wish to be named informed
that it will cost approximately 5 billion rupees.The project will cause artificial rain of about 300mm over the catchment area of four dams in Gwadar, which will help fill the dried
dams and meet the water requirements of the district for a greater period of time. The provincial cabinet of Balochistan, after approving the project, has formed a team
comprising experts from the Department of Environment and Irrigation, who will be visiting Dubai to review the cloud seeding model being implemented there and
subsequently submit a report.

18. Poverty
 Balochistan is the largest province of the country and it is facing some major problems such as
poverty inflation and many other unresolveable issues. According to the analysis the Government
of Balochistan which shows that the half of the province is facing poverty and it is increasing day by
day and the population which is earning their life below the poverty line in which the people are
deprived of basic necessities of life such as meditation , food , shelter , and clothings are necessary
to live. It is really a disappointing for the people of that province which is full of resources still the
citizens are living a poverty lives. Being the lowest populated province in the country, more than
52 percent of its population lives below the poverty line and nearly one-third of its population is
unemployed. Even more alarming is the literacy rate, which is around 29 percent, while the female
primary school enrollment is even lower at a mere 20 percent.

19. Development Issue In Balochistan
 Development issue is another major issue for the Government of Balochistan . The Government
plans to develop the basic infrastructure for future development in shortest possible time . There
was no word on their point from the official circle both fedral and provincial what prompted the
government. The government in the near past to undertake massive development work in hand? In
a way the efforts are directed to develop in infrastructure for future development and not
immediate relief to some of the urgent economic issue like job opportunity to a huge and an
unending army of educated youth or making the life sustainable to the poor growers and farmers
in the remote corners of Balochistan. The entire budget of the current years ,barring some
neccessary spending of the vital projects should be spent on building roads making movement of
goods and services easier at the service of the people.
 Not a single penny had been invested so far by the government or private companies on any
project related to Gawadar and deep sea port. There is a classic example parallel to Gawadar is
available at chah bahar port where foreign investers mainly Germans , Japanese , south Korean and
Indians are investing more than 50 billion US Dollars on ongoing industrial projects in Chah Bahar
port.

20. PTM (Pashtoon Tahafuz Movement)
 In May 2014, during his studies at Gomal University, Pashteen founded the "Mahsud
Tahafuz Movement", a social movement mainly focused on removing landmines from
Waziristan (especially Mahsud land). Pashteen was beaten up under the allegation that his
human rights campaign damaged military morale.
 They raised anti-army slogans and asked for taking revenge on the army. They are getting
funds from India’s Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) and Afghanistan’s National
Directorate of Security (NDS). PTM website had different details of funding it got from
foreign countries. The army had responded to three basic demands of the PTM – demining
of Fata, elimination of checkpoints and enforced disappearances but they still raising the
hatred against the army.

21. Problems of Balochistan educational institutes
 Baluchistan’s share in the Public Sector Development Programmed (PSDP) has declined to 14 percent in 2018-19, from 23 percent in 2014-15. A
report by
 Alf Aileen says 1,1627 primary schools are registered in Baluchistan, of which 1,271 are middle schools and 947 are high schools.
 According to UNICEF, 60 to 70 percent children in Baluchistan are out of school. 78 percent of girls of school-going age and 67 percent of boys
are out of school. One of the main reasons for so many out-of-school children is the long distances between the school and their homes.
 In Baluchistan, on average, there is a primary school after every 30 kilometers, a middle school after every 260 kilometers, and a high school
after every 360 kilometers.
 “When it comes to educating girls, we do not have separate schools for them. If someone has relatives in Turbot, Bangor or Hub, they send their
sons over but girls are neglected,” says Haled Saki, a resident of Kola. It is believed that a majority of parents in the area think that girls do not
need education because they will be married off.
 “One of my closest friends from Dash, a village in district Ketch, was upset because she was forced to quit study. She completed her primary
education securing good marks but her parents forced her to give up studies because there were no separate schools for girls in their area,” says
Shania Mansour, a resident of keck district. “Soon afterwards she was married off.”
 Kedged, a resident of Nasir Abad, was not allowed to continue her education. ”I wished to become a doctor in order to treat cancer patients in
Baluchistan. Although I managed to persuade my parents, my aunts were against me getting education. They put pressure on my parents. Soon
afterwards I was married off like most other girls.”
 Unfortunately, besides one’s parents, permission from other family members is also taken into account for providing education to girls.
 The Alf Aileen report notes that each year 165,869 girls are enrolled in the primary section. Sadly, the number drops to 44,076 in the middle
section. It goes further down to only 20,015 in the higher section.
 Although we have a very small number of schools in the province, they still do not meet basic requirements for a school, such as boundary walls,
potable water and electricity.
 The report further states that around 80.50 percent school buildings in Baluchistan are in poor shape. Cracks are visible in some of the buildings.
Others schools do not even have a building.

22. Problems of Balochistan educational institutes
 “We live in the Bashar town of Aware district. Our village is around 7 kilometers from the main town. A primary school is approved for our village
but the government has not allocated funds for a building. As a result, villagers have built a cottage where children take classes,” says WA seem
Noon, a villager from Awaran.
 Sameer Doshambay comes to Turbot from a village in Balnigwar, a town in Kech district, to receive education. He says he could not find a single
government high school in his village.
 “There are several villages in Balnigwar. We do not have any official buildings for our schools. Villagers have managed to make shelters and use
them as classrooms. Sometimes teachers refuse to come to our village to give lessons. They are mostly from Turbot and make excuses, citing
absence of a proper school building,” complains Sameer.
 Absence of teachers is also a challenge in Balicha, a village some 50 kilometers away from Turbot city.
 “We have a Boys High School in our village which (till date) is without a single science teacher. The principal sometimes takes classes as an SST.
Classes are not held on most other days,” says Sameer Rees, a local.
 He says appointment of teachers on political basis affects the careers of children in not only his village but in the entire Baluchistan.
 Monad Gull Muhammad, an LLB student says that availability of internet in schools should be a top priority. He believes that students need to get
in touch with the modern world. “Availability of the internet would be the best thing for students. It can help them explore career options.”
 Sana Bloch, the opposition leader in Baluchistan Assembly, has highlighted the issue providing accurate facts and figures along with his general
survey. “Baluchistan is lagging behind due to us, the leaders in the political Assembly, who have failed to address the issues related to the basic
rights.”
 Giving some figures he says, “In Baluchistan about 1,800 schools are dysfunctional and over 6,000 schools are run by a single teacher; the other
2,200 schools lack basic facilities.”
 He also emphasizes the need for public libraries in the province saying, “In Baluchistan we have only 16 public libraries. A great number of
students preparing for jobs and institutional curriculums simply have no place to go to.”
 Despite being the richest province in natural resources and having Pakistan’s biggest economic project — Gwadar — the province has failed to
attract funds for its schools.
 Many more education institutions for girls should to be built in Baluchistan. Awareness campaigns have to be launched, especially in rural areas
to highlight the importance of education.

23. Conclusion and Recommendation
 Gwadar is the port city that serves as the entry point for the trade routes that are the China Pakistan Economic
Corridor (CPEC). Located in the Balochistan province of Pakistan, Gwadar wore a deserted look for many years with no
signs of development and almost no role in Pakistan’s economy. Today, it is being touted as a game changer that will
give an enormous boost to the Pakistani economy for decades to come.
 Here are 10 reasons why Gwadar is the future of a stronger Pakistan.
 1. New jobs and business for PakistanisThe redevelopment of Gwadar is a mega project involving funding of billions of
dollars from China as a part of CPEC. This venture will not only involve building of port facilities but also all sorts of
residential and commercial infrastructure, thus creating hundreds of thousands of employment opportunities for locals.
 2. Big boost to the real estate sectorUntil recently Balochistan was considerably less developed than the other provinces
of Pakistan. With the development of infrastructure in Gwadar there will be a boom in the real estate sector of
Balochistan, benefiting thousands of Pakistani and foreign investors.
 3. Strategic location will benefit all those involvedGwadar is located on the coast of the Arabian Sea at the opening of
the Strait of Hormuz, one of the world’s busiest oil shipping lanes accounting for 20% of the global petroleum trade.
The port’s significant position thus makes it incredibly valuable for both Pakistan and especially China as the latter lacks
a port that far west.
 4. Tourism in Pakistan will be stimulatedPakistan is a country endowed with natural beauty and lots of historical
monuments. Once Gwadar is developed, it will provide easy opportunities to tourists from other countries to visit these
scenic spots across the country. It will strengthen the tourism sector and thus augment the GDP of Pakistan.

24. Conclusion and Recommendation
 5. Increase in total trade output of PakistanGwadar’s deep seaport will create additional capacity for the import and export of
goods. Pakistan will be able to significantly increase its trade with many central Asian countries using the roads and
infrastructure that is being developed as part of CPEC. At present the country of around 190 million people only has one
seaport in Karachi. Gwadar will facilitate a much higher volume of trade with many new countries.
 6. It will help people in getting higher wagesThe port is already providing employment to thousands of Pakistanis. Daily
wage rates for labourers in Gwadar are much higher than in other parts of Pakistan. This will help in improving the lifestyles
of countless Pakistanis as they enjoy higher disposable incomes, spending money on other goods and services to strengthen
the overall economy of the country.
 7. Gwadar will attract investors from around the worldPrices of residential and commercial properties in Gwadar have already
appreciated remarkably in a short period of time. There is a still lot of potential for getting a high rate of return on
investment for foreign investors. These investors are coming in large numbers and buying properties in Gwadar. This
massive investment from global investors will pump in huge amounts of funds into the Pakistani economy and strengthen it
further.
 8. Local economy of Balochistan will get a major boostThe redevelopment of Gwadar is such a massive project that it
requires a lot of land from local landowners in Balochistan. These landowners will be compensated at a very high rate for
their land. This money, once it is invested in different economic activities, will strengthen the economy of the province of
Balochistan in a big way.
 9. Business in all parts of Pakistan will benefitGwadar will be well connected with not just the Chinese province of Xinjiang but
all other parts of Pakistan. This will provide excellent opportunities for businessmen in other provinces of Pakistan to export
their products to other countries of the world. This increased export will contribute to the overall GDP of Pakistan. Small
businesses will be able to grow and expand at a brisk pace with the excellent trade opportunities available through Gwadar
port.
 10. Gwadar will give impetus to further industrialization
 Pakistan is still primarily depends on agriculture for the major part of its exports. Industrial activities in Gwadar will lead to
further industrialization of the whole country, significantly strengthening the economy of Pakistan.