The document discusses the concept and evolution of digital twins, which are digital representations of physical assets in various environments. It outlines the different levels of digital twin maturity and their applications at various spatial scales from buildings to nations. The paper emphasizes the importance of understanding the purpose of digital twins to avoid overhyped expectations and misaligned technology implementations.

1. 공간규모별 디지털트윈 활용 사례
신상희(shshin@gaia3d.com)
2021년 2월 9일
디지털트윈 연구센터 출범기념 세미나

2. 디지털 트윈의 단계(Digital Twin Levels)
<Source: https://www.pbctoday.co.uk/news/bim-news/digital-twin-4-0/64519/>
Digital Twin
A realistic digital representation of assets, processes or systems in the built or
natural environment. The complexity of that representation, and degree of
connectedness, varies depending on maturity.
디지털 트윈

3. 3
디지털 트윈(Digital Twins)의 연원
Concept: Digital Informational Construct
Vision: Create, Test, Build
➔ 통제된 환경(Controlled Environment)이 가능한 제조업에서 활용 시작

4. 국토관리로 확장하는 디지털 트윈
4
Source: AIDAN FULLER et al, Digital Twin: Enabling Technologies, Challenges and Open Research

5. <Source: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/unlocking-the-power-of-locationthe-uks-geospatial-strategy>
공간정보 분야 기술적 변화와 전망

6. <Source: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/unlocking-the-power-of-locationthe-uks-geospatial-strategy>
공간정보 분야 기술적 변화와 전망

7. 공간정보 분야 기술적 변화와 전망
<Source: Future Trends in geospatial information management: the five to ten year vision – Third Edition, August 2020>

8. 공간정보 분야 기술적 변화와 전망

9. 디지털 트윈의 단계(Digital Twin Levels)
9
Element Defining principle Outline usage
0 Reality capture As-built survey
1 2D map/system or
3D model
Design/asset
optimization and
coordination
2 Static data,
metadata and BIM
Stage 2
4D/5D simulation
3 Real-time data Operational
efficiency
4 Two-way data
integration and
interaction
Remote and
immersive operations
5 Autonomous
operations and
maintenance
Self-governance,
oversight and
transparency
<Source: https://theiet.org/digital-twins>
<Source: https://blog.lgcns.com/1864 >

10. 공간규모별 디지털 트윈 – UK National Digital Twin Programme
Building Locale Neighborhood City Region Nation
<Source: https://www.cdbb.cam.ac.uk/national-digital-twin-programme, and Jeremy Morley>

11. 공간규모별 디지털 트윈 – CityGML
CityGML 5단계 세밀도(LoD: Level of Detail)
• LOD 0 – regional, landscape
• LOD 1 – city, region
• LOD 2 – city districts, projects
• LOD 3 – architectural models (outside), landmarks
• LOD 4 – architectural models (interior)
<Source: https://citygmlwiki.org/index.php/Basic_Information>

12. 공간규모별 디지털 트윈 – CityGML
<Source: T. H. Kolbe – Semantic 3D City Models with CityGML for Urban Analytics>

13. Web based Digital Twin platform
on top of open source!

14. mago3D의 역사
2014
Project started.
NSIP Program
2016
Live 3D Geo-Platform
Alpha version released.
2017
GeoBIM Platform
Version1.0 released.
2018
OpenIndoorMap opened
2019
Digital Twin Platform
Version2.0 released.
2021
Digital Twin Platform
Version3.0 releasing?

15. 공간규모별 디지털트윈 활용 사례 – 건물
Building Locale Neighborhood City Region Nation

16. 공간규모별 디지털트윈 활용 사례 – 건물
Building Locale Neighborhood City Region Nation

17. 공간규모별 디지털트윈 활용 사례 – 단지, 지구
Building Locale Neighborhood City Region Nation
Yards
Cranes
Office Buildings
Factories
Docks
Blocks
Ships
Smart Welding Machine Virtual Yard on Web Browser!
1,500 EA
25 EA
250 EA
75 EA
25 EA
15,000 EA 1,700 EA
3 EA

18. 공간규모별 디지털트윈 활용 사례 – 단지, 지구
Building Locale Neighborhood City Region Nation

19. 공간규모별 디지털트윈 활용 사례 – 단지, 지구
Building Locale Neighborhood City Region Nation

20. 공간규모별 디지털트윈 활용 사례 – 단지, 지구
Building Locale Neighborhood City Region Nation

21. 공간규모별 디지털트윈 활용 사례 – 지구, 도시
Building Locale Neighborhood City Region Nation

22. 공간규모별 디지털트윈 활용 사례 – 지구, 도시
Building Locale Neighborhood City Region Nation

23. 공간규모별 디지털트윈 활용 사례 – 도시, 지역
Building Locale Neighborhood City Region Nation

24. 공간규모별 디지털트윈 활용 사례 – 도시, 지역
Building Locale Neighborhood City Region Nation

25. 공간규모별 디지털트윈 활용 사례 – 국가
Building Locale Neighborhood City Region Nation

26. 공간규모별 디지털트윈 활용 사례 – 국가를 넘어 전 지구로…
Building Locale Neighborhood City Region Nation…

28. 도시는 컴퓨터가 아닙니다.
<Source: https://www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/business-government/innovation/happens/articles-ehs/smart-cities-digital-technologies>
“Despite the futuristic images the term conjures, a “smart city”
is merely a well-managed city aided by digital technologies.
One of the primary challenges in achieving success for smart
cities, and the reason many initiatives have failed to make it
past the pilot stage, is that they have been driven by a focus
on implementing the technology rather than achieving the
end policy goal, such as improving access to education, or
better transport links.”
<Source: https://placesjournal.org/article/a-city-is-not-a-computer/?cn-reloaded=1>

29. 과대 포장과 지나친 기대

30. 정확한 목적에 대한 이해

31. 분석
시뮬레이션
가시화
National Digital Twin이 그리는 미래
정적/
동적
지상 / 지하
실내/
실외
객체/
현상
다출처/
이기종 센서
<Source: https://www.arcweb.com/ja/node/149 수정> 31
National Digital Twin

32. For more information, please visit http://mago3d.net
All the source codes are here:
https://github.com/Gaia3D/mago3d
https://github.com/Gaia3D/openindoormap
감사합니다.
33
신상희 shshin@gaia3d.com