Facial skin types, conditions, facial muscles, bones shoulder girdle and face, make-up lighting

1. 5th May 2015
Unit B4 Provide facial skincare treatment
Unit B8 Provide make-up services
28.4.15

2. Countdown has begun!!!!
1. 3 lessons until half term week
commencing 25.5.15
2. Salon 141 bookings need 100%
commitment to attend
3. 4 lessons after half term, last day
with me this academic year 23.6.15
4. Facial exam booked for Tuesday 2nd
June
5. Make-up exam booked for Tuesday
16th June

3. Contact details
 Please update your e mail and contact
numbers.
 Friends on facebook; Courtney and
Kelly

4. Objectives
New Anatomy topics Recap Anatomy topics
1. Locate and describe
the action of specific
facial muscles
2. Locate and label bones
of the face, cranium
and shoulder girdle
3. Compare
characteristics of skin
conditions
4. Label diagram of the
skin
 Describe position and action
of facial muscles
 Identify layers of epidermis
and their functions
 Label the structure of the skin
 State the functions of the skin
 Compare characteristics of
skin types; normal, dry, oily
and combination
 Explain the benefits and
effects of cleansers and
toners
 Identify contra indications that
restrict and prevent facial
treatments

5. Objectives
By the end of the session today
you will be able to …..
Make-Up B8 Morning session Facials B4 Afternoon session
 Identify lighting required for day make-
up
 List the correct products to be used in a
day make-up
 List procedure/order of work
 Prepare self for carrying out make-up
application
 Demonstrate preparation of trolley and
equipment (sanitising and sterilising)
 Complete make-up consultation
 Demonstrate correct preparation of
client for make-up include cleanse
 Perform skin analysis and assess clients
face shape
 Demonstrate correct way to choose
foundation colour (warm/cool)
 Perform application of day make-up
 Identify reasons and benefits for
using different exfoliation products
 Evaluate benefits of a brush
cleanse procedure
 State benefits and contra-
indications to using hot towels to
warm the skin
 Observe health and safety
precautions
 Perform eye, lip, face cleanse and
skin analysis evaluating findings
 Demonstrate brush cleanse and
exfoliation techniques
 Perform massage techniques from
movement 1 – 25
 Peer and self evaluate techniques

6. B8 Provide make-up services
 E3 open book exam
 E4 open book exam
 Minimum of 3 practical assessments;
Age
16 – 30 years
31 – 50 years
Over 50 years
Skin types
Oily
Dry
Combination
Occasions
Day
Evening
Special
All make-up products listed and aftercare advice

7. Treatment timings
Make-up
Day = 30 minutes
Evening = 45 minutes
Special occasion = 45 minutes
Facials
Basic = 60 minutes
Luxury = 75 minutes

8. Facial Muscles
Triangularis
Position
The corner of the lower lip
extends over the chin.
Action
Draws down the mouth’s
corners.
Expression
Sadness

9. Facial Muscles
Temporalis
Position
Extends from the temple
region at the side of the
head to the mandible.
Action
Raises the jaw and draws it
backwards as in chewing.

10. Facial Muscles
Frontalis
Position
The forehead
Action
Raises the eyebrows,
causes wrinkling across
forehead
Expression
Surprise

11. Facial Muscles
Zygomaticus
Position
Extends diagonally from
zygomatic to corner of
mouth
Action
Lifts the corners of the
mouth outward and
backward
Expression
Smiling and laughing

12. Facial Muscles
Corrugator
Position
Between the eyebrows
Action
Draws the eyebrows down
and together
Expression
Frowning

13. Facial Muscles
Orbicularis Oculi
Position
Surrounds the eye
Action
Closes the eyelid
Expression
Winking

14. Facial Muscles
Orbicularis Oris
Position
Surrounds the mouth
Action
Purses the lips as in
blowing, closes the mouth
Expression
Pouting, kissing and
doubtful

15. Facial Muscles
Masseter
Position
Cheek area, extends from
zygomatic bone to the
mandible
Action
Clenches the teeth, closes
and raises the lower jaw
used in eating

16. Facial Muscles
Buccinator
Position
Inside the cheeks between
the upper and lower jaw
Action
Compresses the cheek
Expression
Blowing

17. Facial Muscles
Risorius
Position
Diagonally from masseter
muscle to corner of mouth
Action
Draws mouth corners
outwards and backwards
Expression
Grimace/fake smile

18. Facial Muscle
Depressor labii
Position
Surrounds the lower lip
Action
Pulls down the lower lip
and draws it slightly to one
side
Expression
Sulking

19. Facial Muscles- Homework
 Depressor labbi
 Platysma
 Mentalis
 Nasalis
 Procerus

20. Bones of the cranium and
skull
 Bones are made from a specialized
form of connective tissue
 They support, protect and connect
different parts of the body
 Bones are made up of 2 types of
tissue; compact (hard outer layer of
the bone) and cancellous (spongy
inside of bone, contains red and
yellow bone marrow. Red produces
new red blood cells and yellow stores
fat cells)

21. Bones of the head
 Bones that form the head are known
as the skull
 Divided into 2 parts; face and cranium
 Total of 22 bones
 Our facial bones form our features
 Support other structures such as eyes
and teeth
 Cranium surrounds and protects the
brain

28. Facial Bones
Bone Number Location
Nasal 2 Bridge of nose
Vomer 1 Forms the dividing bony
wall of nose. Inbetween
nose and palatte
(septum)
Palatine 2 Floor &wall of the nose,
roof of mouth and bottom
of eye orbits
Turbinate 2 Bones inside nose
Lacrimal 2 Inner wall of eye sockets
Zygomatic 2 Cheek bone
Maxillae 2 Upper jaw holds the
teeth
Mandible 1 Lower jaw, strongest only
movable bone, holds
lower teeth.

29. Facial Bones
Bone Number Location
occipital 1 Back of skull
parietal 2 Forms the roof of the skull
frontal 1 Forms the front of skull,
forehead and upper eye
sockets
temporal 2 At sides around ears
sphenoid 1 Base of skull, wing
shaped, forms temples
ethmoid 1 Between the frontal and
sphenoid bones and
forms roof of nasal cavity
lacrimal 2 One in each eye orbit

30. Lighting
 Natural light is recommended (pure
white light) as this doesn’t just fall on
the face from above, it is reflected
from any light coloured surface it hits
 Only light that shows true colours
 Harshest light to show imperfections
 Combination of natural light and warm
white fluorescent lighting gives best
effect

31. Artificial lighting
Standard light bulbs Fluorescent tubes
 Yellowish colour
produced
 This dulls blue tones and
makes red tones appear
darker
 A light bulb cover with a
shade directs light down
which will create
unnatural shadows
 White tubes give a harsh
blue white light making
colours appear cold
 If bulb is covered with a
diffuser it will soften the
effect and create little
shadows
 Warm white tubes with a
diffuser is the best type
of artificial light for
matching make-up
colours

32. Foundation
 Protects the skin
 Conceals minor
blemishes and
imperfections
 Provides a smooth
finish
 Enhances the
natural skin colour

33. Tone of skin
 Created by
pigment in the
epidermis
 Described as; light,
medium, dark

35. CONSULTATION
When discussing the
treatment with the client you
need to ensure that the
questions are open ended,
to gain as much information
from your client as
possible…
 What are your reasons for coming
today?
 What results would you like to achieve
from having a facial?
 What medical conditions do you have?
 What skin care routine do currently
follow at home?
 What products do you currently use?

36. Starter Activity

37. Lets scrub! 3 minute activity
GROUP 1
Claire, Courtney and Alice
GROUP 2
Shannon and Kelly
You have 3 minutes to complete some
research on facial exfoliators;
1. Types of facial exfoliator or Fruit acid
peels
2. What they will do
3. How to use them

38. Brush Cleansing
 Aids desquamation
 Stimulates cell renewal
 Removes surface matter
 Deep cleanses and refines
 Relaxes muscle fibres
 Stimulates superficial tissues
 Aids removal of waste products from
the area
 Increases blood and lymph circulation

39. Skin warming techniques
 Hot towels
 Facial steaming
 Self heating products; thermal masks

40. Now lets get you working….
1. Set up of area
2. Consultation
3. Client preparation
4. Eye cleanse
5. Lip cleanse
6. Superficial cleanse
7. Skin analysis
8. Exfoliation and brush
cleanse
9. Hot towels
10.Massage
Swap over……

41. Evaluation of treatment
 Am I in the correct uniform?
 Was my consultation thorough?
 What area am I most confident with?
 What area do I need to practice more?
 How long did my treatment take?
 Was my pressure correct?
 Did I remain professional throughout?
 Did I keep my working area tidy?
 Did I complete a detailed skin analysis
 What would I do different next time?

42. Homework
 Research position and action of next 5
muscles
 Complete skin ethnicity handout
 Find out functions of blood circulation
 Find out functions of lymphatic
circulation
 USE ORACLE FOR SUPPORT
 Practice massage in salon – time routine