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Edhole School provides best Information about Schools in India, Delhi, Noida, Gurgaon. Here you will get about the school, contact, career, etc. Edhole Provides best study material for school students.
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- 1. The University of New Mexico Top School in Noida © Copyright 1997, The University of New Mexico By: School.edhole.com
- 2. The University of New Mexico © Copyright 1997, The University of New Mexico I-2 Security Fundamentals • What is security? • Why do I need security? • Levels of security • Some scenarios • Security Policy School.edhole.com
- 3. The University of New Mexico © Copyright 1997, The University of New Mexico I-3 What is Security? • Procedures that protect – you, your employees, and your peers – Paper or electronic media – Hardware, software, and networks • Protect from damage, theft, or change School.edhole.com
- 4. The University of New Mexico © Copyright 1997, The University of New Mexico I-4 What is Security? • Protect assets and resources against – Human error – Intruders from outside – Dishonest employees – Technical sabotage School.edhole.com
- 5. The University of New Mexico © Copyright 1997, The University of New Mexico I-5 Why do I Need Security? • Typical bank robbery: $9000 • Typical embezzlement or white collar crime: $25,000 • Typical electronic crime: $650,000 School.edhole.com
- 6. The University of New Mexico © Copyright 1997, The University of New Mexico I-6 Why do I Need Security? • Name a company, its been broken into • What does this cost a year? (Estimate $5 billion) • 17% of US companies had losses due to lack of security • CERT reports a 77% increase in computer break-ins from 1994-1995 • It is estimated that 85%-97% of computer intrusions go undetected School.edhole.com
- 7. The University of New Mexico © Copyright 1997, The University of New Mexico I-7 Why do I Need Security? • Statistics (Who is breaking into you) – Current employees 81% – Former employees 6% – Outsiders 13% School.edhole.com
- 8. The University of New Mexico © Copyright 1997, The University of New Mexico I-8 Why do I Need Security? • Statistics (What are they doing) – Alteration of information 12% – Theft of service 10% – Trespass 2% – Money theft 44% – Theft of information 16% – Damage to software 16% School.edhole.com
- 9. The University of New Mexico © Copyright 1997, The University of New Mexico I-9 Why do I Need Security? • Statistics (Damage to data) – Dishonest employees 10% – Terrorism 3% – Technical sabotage 10% – Water 10% – Fire 15% – Human error 55% School.edhole.com
- 10. The University of New Mexico © Copyright 1997, The University of New Mexico I-10 Why do I Need Security? • The growth of the internet and client/server applications has moved more business data onto the network. This means more to lose if that data is tampered with or stolen. • Internetworking is great for data sharing but decreases security. School.edhole.com
- 11. The University of New Mexico © Copyright 1997, The University of New Mexico I-11 Why do I Need Security? • Protect yourself from an attack on your account or network • Protect others from being attacked by your account or network • Disaster recovery School.edhole.com
- 12. The University of New Mexico © Copyright 1997, The University of New Mexico I-12 Levels of Security • The United States Department of Defense has defined 7 levels of computer OS security in a document known as the Trusted Computer Standards Evaluation Criteria. • The levels are used to define different levels of protection for hardware, software, and stored information. • The system is additive - higher ratings include the Sfucnhcotoiol.neadlihtyo loef. cthoem levels below.
- 13. The University of New Mexico © Copyright 1997, The University of New Mexico I-13 Levels of Security • D1 is the lowest form of security available and states that the system is untrusted • A D1 rating is never awarded because this is essentially no security at all School.edhole.com
- 14. The University of New Mexico © Copyright 1997, The University of New Mexico I-14 Levels of Security • C1 is the lowest level of security. • The system has file and directory read and write controls and authentication through user login. However, root is considered an unsecure function and auditing (system logging) is not available. • Most Unix machines would be classified as C1. School.edhole.com
- 15. The University of New Mexico © Copyright 1997, The University of New Mexico I-15 Levels of Security • C2 features an auditing function to record all security-related events and provides stronger protection on key system files, such as the password file. • Most Unix machines have the capability with addition of software to become C2 compliant. School.edhole.com
- 16. The University of New Mexico © Copyright 1997, The University of New Mexico I-16 Levels of Security • B1 supports multi-level security, such as secret and top secret, and mandatory access control, which states that a user cannot change permissions on files or directories • B2 requires that every object and file be labeled according to its security level and that these labels change dynamically depending on what is being used. School.edhole.com
- 17. The University of New Mexico © Copyright 1997, The University of New Mexico I-17 Levels of Security • B3 extends security levels down into the system hardware; for example, terminals can only connect through trusted cable paths and specialized system hardware to ensure there is no unauthorized access • A1 is the highest level of security validated through the Orange Book. The design must be mathematically verified; all hardware and software must have been protected during shipment to Spcrehvoeonlt. etadmhpoeleri.ncgo.m
- 18. The University of New Mexico © Copyright 1997, The University of New Mexico I-18 Types of Attacks? • A fire burned in an office. The fire destroyed all software, the computer, and most of the files. The office was that of the departmental administrator who did grades, budgets, and contract functions. • Prevention? • What to do? School.edhole.com
- 19. The University of New Mexico © Copyright 1997, The University of New Mexico I-19 Disaster Recovery Plan • Backup policy • Steps to be taken when you have a disaster • Contact names School.edhole.com
- 20. The University of New Mexico © Copyright 1997, The University of New Mexico I-20 Disaster Recovery (Backups) • Create a backup policy • There are 2 reasons to do backups – Recovery of accidentally deleted files – Disaster recovery • Follow your policy and take backups regularly. • Verify these backups at some interval. • Keep backups off-site School.edhole.com
- 21. The University of New Mexico © Copyright 1997, The University of New Mexico I-21 Backups • Purchase good software and hardware for backups • Decide on which data to backup and on what interval • Get a routine – Daily, weekly, and monthly – Full and Incremental School.edhole.com
- 22. The University of New Mexico Disaster Recovery (Recovery) • What do you do when you have a major disaster? • Don’t panic • Remember you have good backups • Follow your plan (You did write up a plan for this © Copyright 1997, The University of New Mexico I-22 right?) School.edhole.com
- 23. The University of New Mexico © Copyright 1997, The University of New Mexico I-23 Types of Attacks? • In an open, well traveled, multi-cubicle office you have financial resource access that you must transfer to your network departmental computer. How do you perform your work on the mainframe, Novell and your PC while doing other clerical duties that often take you from your desk? • Without compromising your data? School.edhole.com
- 24. The University of New Mexico Protection from Theft or Change © Copyright 1997, The University of New Mexico I-24 • Risks analysis • What are the potential risks? • Who wants to see this data? • Who wants to change this data? • Possible attacks from inside? • You must create a security policy! School.edhole.com
- 25. The University of New Mexico Protection from Theft or Change © Copyright 1997, The University of New Mexico I-25 • Protect from the public wandering the area • Keep good passwords and screen savers with passwords School.edhole.com
- 26. The University of New Mexico © Copyright 1997, The University of New Mexico I-26 Types of Attacks • Using commonly accessible hacker tools your password is guessed and somebody uses your account to then break into another account. • Prevention? • What to do? School.edhole.com