Davi Ezequiel François, Witold-Roger Poganietz
[English] The Lima Smart Villages Workshop aimed to facilitate the analysis and exchange between the public and private sectors and civil society, from first-hand experiences in the field of energy in rural off-grid communities. Topics for discussion include rural electrification; energy generation and distribution; the inclusion of renewable energy sources (RES) in the energy matrix; productive use of energy in rural communities; clean cooking technologies; efficient heating; and rural energy entrepreneurship. The discussions are aimed at outlining new prospects for reducing rural poverty in South American countries through the access and use of sustainable energy sources.
[Español] Dinamizar el análisis e intercambio entre el sector público y privado, a partir de experiencias en el campo de la electrificación rural fuera de la red, la generación distribuida y la penetración de las energías renovables en la matriz energética; a fin de esbozar nuevas perspectivas para reducir la pobreza en América Latina.
More info: http://e4sv.org/events/lima-smart-villages-workshop/
Lima | Jan-16 | Energy supply for poverty reduction in rural areas of Ceará, Brazil - a holistic view
1. INSTITUTE FOR TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT AND SYSTEMS ANALYSIS – Department of Energy, Resources, Technologies, Systems
Energy supply for poverty reduction in rural
areas of Ceará, Brazil - a holistic view
Davi Ezequiel François and Dr. Witold-Roger Poganietz
25.01.2016 - Lima, Peru
2. 25.01.20162
Energy as a vector for poverty reduction
Modern Energy supply
Poverty Reduction
Education
Information
access
Health care
Production
ParticipationFood security
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Lack of capability
building
Energy as a vector for poverty reduction
Modern Energy supply
Poverty Reduction
Lack of
infrastructure
Corruption
Poor
governance
Land
degradation
4. 25.01.20164
Source:ProgramadasNaçõesUnidasparaoDesenvolvimento(2013).
Clusters of extreme
poverty – less than
US$ 1 a day
Ceará - Census 2010
• Climate: semi-arid
• Total Pop. (inhab.): 8,452,381
• Rural Pop. (inhab.): 2,105,824
• HDI: 0.68 and Gini coeff.: 0.61
• Ceará has universal electricity access – grid extension. Programme Light for All
• One of the poorest Brazilian states with high levels of social inequalities.
• One of the biggest Brazilian potential for solar and wind energy.
The Brazilian state of Ceará
~ 40% of the rural
population is
considered poor –
less than US$ 2 a day
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The use of small generators is incipient. Restriction of market and regulation
contribute to that.
Ceará: Electricity mix (3.2 GW)
Centralized power plants
Production (2014): 16 TWh
Consumption (2014): 11.6 TWh
Brazil: Interconnected System (141 GW)
Hydro-thermal power system
Production (2014): 590 TWh
Consumption (2014): 531 TWh
Electricity Supply
Source:BrazilianEnergyBalance2015Year2014
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Challenges: to enhance rural families’ awareness of the use of electricity.
To improve essential services to consider and attend rural necessities.
Use of Electricity - basic needs
To which information source do rural
people have access?
Picture:InstitutoInteramericanodeCooperaçãoparaaAgricultura.
Benefits:
Illumination and food refrigeration;
Education;
Health care;
Information access, communication;
Security – street illumination;
Entertainment.
To which education do rural people
have access?
9. 25.01.20169
The mater is not only to provide better technologies, but to consider further
dimensions in the process (e.g. education, transparency and governance).
Use of Electricity - productive chains
Picture:DaviFrançois.
Situation:
Grid limitation (mono-phase and low
power grids);
Some initiatives of associations and
cooperatives;
Smallholder farmers have resisted to
participate in collective organizations;
Smallholder farmers distrust of
governmental policies, programmes
and institutions.
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Challenge: to provide better means of cooking while maintaining local tradition.
Potential: improved biomass stoves, kitchens well ventilated and agroecology.
Means of cooking
Picture:DaviFrançois.
Situation:
Rural families have two types of
stoves, one based on biomass and
another on Liquefied Petroleum Gas;
Traditional use of stoves based on
biomass;
High indoor air pollution.
13. 25.01.201613
Rural people have access to electricity for basic needs… but there are
lack of water supply, basic sanitation, waste treatment...
Ceará – Household Infrastructure
Picture:ProgramaLuzparaTodos
Challenge: Modern energy should be accompanied by other basic services.
Rural people have access to electricity for basic needs…
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Closing Remarks
Rural electrification in Ceará was a good initiative towards poverty
reduction;
Quality of energy to attend rural demands (e.g. production);
To develop a trusting environment on collective, political and social
organizations;
Education and capability building that consider the rural reality;
Modern energy access should be accompanied by additional basic-
infrastructure and services;
To involve the communities in the energy-supply process; understanding
local profiles and addressing local challenges and necessities.