Graphene Based Superconductor

2. A PROJECT BY :

3. Contents :
 Introduction
 Current System
 Who can be benefitted ?
 Features
 Types of materials require
 Diagram
 Types of Supercapaitor
 Construction
 Procedure
 Cost estimate
 Future work
 Refrences used

4. Introduction
 Supercapacitors are also known as EDLC (electric double-layer capacitor) or Ultracapacitors , differ from regular capacitors in
that they can store tremendous amounts of energy.
 A basic capacitor usually consists of two metal plates, separated by an insulator (like air or a plastic film).
 This two metal plates are coated with a porous material known as activated carbon. They are immersed in an electrolyte
made of positive and negative ions dissolved in a solvent , so that One plate is positive and the other is negative.
 Graphene is a thin layer of pure carbon, tightly packed and bonded together in a hexagonal honeycomb lattice. It is the
thinnest compound known to man at one atom thick, as well as the best known conductor.
 Graphene is often suggested as a replacement for activated carbon in supercapacitors , in part due to its high relative
surface area (which is even more substantial than that of activated carbon).
 Graphene based supercapacitors will utilize its lightweight nature, elastic properties and mechanical strength.

5. Who can be benefitted ?
 It benefits the whole automobile industries.
 Mobiles and telephone manufacturing companies.
 All the industries which manufactures different types of
electronic devices.
 Can benefit at industries, home or business areas where power
back up supplies are used.

6. Features
 The charging and discharging cycles are very quick.
 Its cost effective
 Its working life cycle at room temperature is 5-10 years
 It is compatible at -30 to 70 degrees celcius.
 It is very light weight.
 Its efficiency is 95%

7. Types of materials require
The properties of supercapacitors come from the interaction of their internal materials. Especially,
the combination of electrode material and type of electrolyte determine the functionality and
thermal and electrical characteristics of the capacitors.
 Supercapacitor electrodes are generally thin layer of graphene which is electrically connected to
a conductive, metallic current collector.
 An insulator to prevent short circuit.
 An electrolyte is an ionic conductor which enters the pores of the electrodes and serves as the
conductive connection between the electrodes across the separator.

8. Diagram

9. Types of Supercapaitor

10. Construction of Supercapacitor
 Supercapacitors are constructed with two metal foils each coated
with an electrode material such as Graphene, which serve as the
power connection between the electrode material and the external
terminals of the capacitor.
 Specifically to the electrode material is a very large surface area.
 The electrodes are kept apart by an ion-permeable membrane
(separator) used as an insulator to protect the electrodes
against short circuits.
 This construction is subsequently rolled or folded into a cylindrical
or rectangular shape and can be stacked in an aluminum can or an
adaptable rectangular housing.
 The cell is then impregnated with a liquid or viscous electrolyte of
organic or aqueous type. The electrolyte, an ionic conductor, enters
the pores of the electrodes and serves connection.
 Finally, the housing is hermetically sealed to ensure stable behavior
over the specified lifetime.

11. Procedure
 First we take two credit card sized aluminium plates.
 Attach wires on both sides of the aluminium plates.
 We prepare graphene with activated charcol and water in a mixture and apply this paste on the
aluminium plates.
 After that we sprinkle small particles of activated charcoal on it.
 Leave it till it drys.
 Then place a insulation and add electrolyte solution between the aluminium plates and join
them using a clip.
 Finally seal the whole thing and our graphene supercondutor is ready.

12. Cost estimate
 Considering all the material requirements for developing one unit of
supercapacitor approximately Rs. 500 would be the cost.
 On manufacturing on a larger scale the cost of product can be reduced.

13. Future work
 Graphene-Based Supercapacitors Could Lead To Battery-Free Electric Cars Within 5 Years
 Chinese company Dongxu Optoelectronics, which announced a graphene supercapacitor with the
capacity of a typical laptop battery that could charge up in 15 minutes, instead of a few hours.
 Barcelona-based startup Earthdas has used graphene to create supercapacitors for electric bicycles and
motorcycles, which can be charged 12 times faster than lithium-ion batteries.
 From laptops that charge in 15 minutes to electric scooters, the first round of graphene-based products
could finally deliver on the promise of the much-hyped wonder material.
 There are extensive and on-going researches on the rationalization of their structures at varying scales
and dimensions, development of effective and low cost synthesis techniques, design and architecturing
of graphene-based materials, as well as clarification of their electrochemical performance

14. Refrences
 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326761319_Graphene_a_promising_electrode_material_for_super
capacitors-A_review
 https://www.graphenea.com/pages/graphene-uses-applications#.XdVLeOgzbIV
 https://www.iflscience.com/technology/graphene-based-supercapacitors-could-eliminate-batteries-
electric-cars-within-5-years/
 https://www.wired.co.uk/article/graphene-batteries-supercapacitors
 https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018JPS...396..182W/abstract
 https://www.graphene-info.com/graphene-supercapacitors
 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352847816000022