More Related Content More from diplomaturacomahue More from diplomaturacomahue (20) Aire1. /$(9$/8$,Ï1'(/$$/,'$''(/$,5(
(1/$5(3Ò%/,$$5*(17,1$
7$7,$1$3(7+(1(6+6.0$5,$5,67,1$*$9$52772
5,$5'2%(1Ë7(=(51(672'(7,772
'(3$57$0(172'(6$/8'$0%,(17$/
',5(,Ï1'(35202,Ï13527(,Ï1'(/$6$/8'
0,1,67(5,2'(6$/8'
$9'(-8/,2 11. /$(9$/8$,Ï1'(/$$/,'$''(/$,5((1/$5(3Ò%/,$$5*(17,1$
/D SUHRFXSDFLyQ SRU ORV WHPDV DPELHQWDOHV VX LPSDFWR HQ OD VDOXG KXPDQD YLHQH FUHFLHQGR
VRVWHQLGDPHQWHHQQXHVWURSDtV
/DFRQWDPLQDFLyQGHODLUHHVXQDDPHQD]DDJXGDDFXPXODWLYDFUyQLFDSDUDODVDOXGKXPDQD
HO DPELHQWH /D SREODFLyQ HVWi H[SXHVWD D FRQWDPLQDQWHV GH DLUH HQ H[WHULRUHV H LQWHULRUHV
HVSHFLDOPHQWH HQ ORV iPELWRV XUEDQRV (VD H[SRVLFLyQ SXHGH JHQHUDU R DJUDYDU DIHFFLRQHV
UHVSLUDWRULDV FDUGtDFDV LQWR[LFDFLRQHV RWUDV FRQGLFLRQHV SXHGH VHU HVSHFLDOPHQWH ULHVJRVD SDUD
SHUVRQDVFRQHQIHUPHGDGHVSXOPRQDUHVRFDUGtDFDVFUyQLFDVHPEDUD]DGDVDQFLDQRVQLxRVSDUDOD
SREODFLyQTXHWUDEDMDHQODVFDOOHVRTXHYLYHHQFRQGLFLRQHVGHSUHFDULHGDG0iVD~QORVSUREOHPDV
GH VDOXG FDXVDGRV SRU OD FRQWDPLQDFLyQ SXHGHQ YHUVH LQIOXLGRV SRU IDFWRUHV WDOHV FRPR PDJQLWXG
DOFDQFHGXUDFLyQGHODH[SRVLFLyQHGDGVXVFHSWLELOLGDGGHFDGDSHUVRQDHQWUHRWURV
(QQXHVWURSDtVODLQIRUPDFLyQEiVLFDSDUDHYDOXDUODVLWXDFLyQFXDQWLILFDUWHQGHQFLDVHVOLPLWDGD
HOFUHFLPLHQWRSREODFLRQDOHQ]RQDVXUEDQDVDXPHQWDDxRWUDVDxRHOQ~PHURGHVXMHWRVH[SXHVWRVDO
ULHVJRRUUHVSRQGHGHVWDFDUTXH ORVULHVJRVGH RFXUUHQFLDGHHSLVRGLRV GH FRQWDPLQDFLyQ GHO DLUH QR
HVWiQOLPLWDGRVDODVJUDQGHVXUEHVSXHGHQPDQLIHVWDUVHWDPELpQHQQ~FOHRVSREODFLRQDOHVXUEDQRV
PHGLDQRV R SHTXHxRV HQ ORV Q~FOHRV UXUDOHV D TXH HV IXQFLyQ GH ODV IXHQWHV FRQWDPLQDQWHV TXH
SXGLHUDQ H[LVWLU VHDQ HVWDV QDWXUDOHV R DQWURSRJpQLFDV 0X SRFDV iUHDV GHO SDtV FXHQWDQ FRQ
LQYHQWDULRVGHIXHQWHVGHHPLVLyQHYDO~DQWLSRFDQWLGDGGHFRQWDPLQDQWHVHQHODLUHXUEDQRPHQRV
D~QWLHQHQSURJUDPDVGHYLJLODQFLDFRQILQHVGHSUHYHQFLyQFRQWURO
/D FDOLGDG GHO DLUH KD UHFLELGR KLVWyULFDPHQWH PHQRV DWHQFLyQ HVWDWDO TXH RWUDV FXHVWLRQHV
DPELHQWDOHV SHUR KD HVWDGR OHMRV GH VHU LJQRUDGD HQ DOJXQRV iPELWRV HVSHFtILFRV FRPR HO ODERUDO
KDFHDPXFKRVDxRVTXHVHKDQGHILQLGRFULWHULRVQRUPDWLYRVWHQGLHQWHVDHYLWDURGLVPLQXLUULHVJRVSRU
H[SRVLFLyQ
/DSURPRFLRQGHODVFRQGLFLRQHVSDUDTXHODSREODFLyQWHQJDJDUDQWL]DGRVXGHUHFKRDODLUHSXUR
HV UHVSRQVDELOLGDG GHO 6HFWRU 6DOXG HO PHMRUDPLHQWR GH OD FDOLGDG GHO DLUH HV XQD KHUUDPLHQWD
IXQGDPHQWDO HQ OD SUHYHQFLyQ GH HQIHUPHGDGHV SURGXFLGDV SRU OD SUHVHQFLD GH DOWRV QLYHOHV GH
FRQWDPLQDQWHVGHDLUH
(Q VH GLFWy OD /H 1UR 1RUPD SDUD SUHYHQFLyQ GH ORV UHFXUVRV GHO DLUH TXH KD
VHUYLGRFRPREDVHSDUDODIRUPXODFLyQGHOHHV QRUPDVSURYLQFLDOHV PXQLFLSDOHV3RUHOODVHKDFH
UHVSRQVDEOHDODDXWRULGDGVDQLWDULDGHODDSOLFDFLyQILVFDOL]DFLyQGHODVQRUPDVSDUDODSUHVHUYDFLyQ
GHORVUHFXUVRVGHODLUHGHHVWUXFWXUDUHMHFXWDUXQSURJUDPDGHFDUiFWHUQDFLRQDO
(O0LQLVWHULRGH6DOXGYLHQHWUDEDMDQGRGHVGHHQODJHVWLyQSURJUDPDFLyQHYDOXDFLyQGH
ODFDOLGDGGHDLUH
'HVGH KDVWD ODV DFWLYLGDGHV VH FRQFUHWDURQ WUDYpV GH XQ 3URJUDPD GH (YDOXDFLyQ
RQWUROGHODDOLGDGGH$LUHHQOD5HS~EOLFD$UJHQWLQDLQWHJUDGDDOD5HG3DQDPHULFDQDGH0XHVWUHR
1RUPDOL]DGR GH OD RQWDPLQDFLyQ GH $LUH 5('?3$1$,5( ?(3,6?236 12. FRQ OD SDUWLFLSDFLRQ GH ODV
SURYLQFLDVGH6DQWD)p%XHQRV$LUHV7XFXPiQyUGRED0HQGR]D-XMXODLXGDGGH%XHQRV$LUHV
(Q HO SDtV VH LQFRUSRUR DO 6LVWHPD GH 9LJLODQFLD GH 0HGLR $PELHQWH SURHFWR *(06
$,5(?236?206 ³*OREDO (QYLURQPHQWDO 0RQLWRULQJ 6VWHP R 0RQLWRUHR *OREDO GHO $PELHQWH 14. IXHURQ
N )RUWDOHFHU OD FDSDFLGDG GH ORV SDLVHV SDUWLFLSDQWHV SDUD OD YLJLODQFLD HYDOXDFLyQ GH OD
FRQWDPLQDFLyQGHODLUHXUEDQR
N 0HMRUDUODYDOLGH]ODFRPSDUDELOLGDGGHORVGDWRVHQWUHGLVWLQWDVFLXGDGHV
N )DFLOLWDUHYDOXDFLRQHVPXQGLDOHVVREUHD 16. (IHFWRV
HQVDOXGKXPDQDORVHFRVLVWHPDV
/RVREMHWLYRVGHO*(06$,5(IXHURQUHIRUPXODGRVSDUDHOSHUtRGRUVXOWDURQ
N )DFLOLWDU XQ PDUFR LQWHUQDFLRQDO SDUD OD YLJLODQFLD FRRUGLQDGD YDOLGD GH OD FDOLGDG GHO DLUH
XUEDQRHOPDQHMRHILFD]GHORVGDWRVODGLIXVLRQGHLQIRUPDFLRQILGHGLJQD
N 'HVDUUROODU ODV PHWRGRORJtDV DGDSWDGDV D ODV QHFHVLGDGHV FRQFUHWDV GH ORV SDtVHV
SDUWLFLSDQWHV TXH VH UHTXLHUHQ SDUD OD YLJLODQFLD HYDOXDFLyQ JOREDO GH OD FDOLGDG GHO DLUH
XUEDQR
N 5HDOL]DUHYDOXDFLRQHVJOREDOHVTXHLQFOXDQORVQLYHOHVODVWHQGHQFLDVGHODFDOLGDGGHODLUH
XUEDQRODVIXHQWHVGHFRQWDPLQDFLyQODVRSFLRQHVH[LVWHQWHVSDUDVXUHGXFFLyQDVtFRPR
HYDOXDFLRQHVGHORVHIHFWRVSRWHQFLDOHVHQODVDOXGKXPDQDHOPHGLRDPELHQWH
N )RUWDOHFHUODVUHGHVGHYLJLODQFLDGHODFDOLGDGGHODLUHXUEDQRODFDSDFLGDGGHHYDOXDFLyQ
17. GHORVSDtVHVHQGHVDUUROOR
(QHO0LQLVWHULR GH 6DOXG $FFLyQ6RFLDOD WUDYpVGHO 'HSDUWDPHQWR GH 6DOXG $PELHQWDO
FRQIRUPD HO 3URJUDPD 1DFLRQDO GH DOLGDG GH $LUH 6DOXG LQFRUSRUDQGR HVWUDWHJLDV GH HYDOXDFLyQ
PDQHMRGHULHVJRV
'HVGH HO LQLFLR HVWH 3URJUDPD KD FRQWDGR FRQ HO DSRR WpFQLFR FLHQWtILFR GHO HQWUR
3DQDPHULFDQRGH(FRORJtD+XPDQD6DOXG(2 19. GHSHQGLHQWHV GH OD 2UJDQL]DFLyQ 3DQDPHULFDQD GH OD 6DOXG GH OD
2UJDQL]DFLyQ0XQGLDOGHOD6DOXG
(QHVHPDUFRVHKDFRQIRUPDGRXQD5HG1DFLRQDOGHDOLGDGGHO$LUH6DOXGTXHLQFOXHXQD
5HG GH /DERUDWRULRV GH DOLGDG GH $LUH FRQ FDEHFHUD HQ HO 'HSDUWDPHQWR GH 6DOXG $PELHQWDO H
LQWHJUDGDSRURUJDQLVPRVTXHRSHUDQHVWDFLRQHVGHPRQLWRUHRXQD5HG1DFLRQDOGH3URIHVLRQDOHVGH
OD 6DOXG GH OD 6DOXG $PELHQWDO TXH DJUXSD SHUVRQDV RUJDQL]DFLRQHV TXH HVWiQ WUDEDMDQGR HQ OD
SUREOHPiWLFDGHODFRQWDPLQDFLyQGHODLUHVXVHIHFWRVHQODVDOXGKXPDQD
'HVGHVXRUJDQL]DFLyQHVWD5HG1DFLRQDOFXEULyGHDFXHUGRDODVGHPDQGDVMXULVGLFFLRQDOHVD
ODVSRVLELOLGDGHVWpFQLFDVDGPLQLVWUDWLYDVILQDQFLHUDVD FLXGDGHVRFRQJORPHUDGRVFRQPiVGH
PLOORQHV GH KDELWDQWHV LQFOXHQGR ODV SURYLQFLDV GH %XHQRV $LUHV KXEXW yUGRED (QWUH 5tRV
0HQGR]D 6DOWD 6DQWD )H 7XFXPiQ ORV PXQLFLSLRV GH %DKtD %ODQFD yUGRED 3DUDQi 3RVDGDV
5RVDULR 6DQ /RUHQ]R =iUDWH OD DSLWDO )HGHUDO $ OD PLVPD VH GHEHQ DJUHJDU FLXGDGHV PiV
SHTXHxDV SHUR TXH KDQ WHQLGR SUREOHPDV SXQWXDOHV FRPR ODV FLXGDGHV GH 3XHUWR 0DGUQ 7UHOHZ
5DZVRQ RPRGRUR 5LYDGDYLD EDMR OD HPHUJHQFLD GH ODV FHQL]DV YROFiQLFDV SURYHQLHQWHV GH OD
HUXSFLyQGHO9ROFiQ+XGVRQHQ
(Q HO PDUFR GH HVWH 3URJUDPD VH KDQ UHDOL]DGR QXPHURVRV 7DOOHUHV 1DFLRQDOHV 5HJLRQDOHV
VREUH GLYHUVRV DVSHFWRV GH OD (YDOXDFLyQ 0DQHMR GH 5LHVJRV SRU ([SRVLFLyQ D RQWDPLQDQWHV
$WPRVIpULFRV$1(;2 20. FRQODSDUWLFLSDFLyQGHPiVGHSURIHVLRQDOHVWpFQLFRVGHSURYLQFLDV
PXQLFLSLRVVHKDSUHVWDGRDVHVRUDPLHQWRDQXPHURVRVPXQLFLSLRVSURYLQFLDVSDUDODHODERUDFLyQ
GH 3URJUDPDV GH DOLGDG GH $LUH 6DOXG HQ HO QLYHO ORFDO GHVGH VH UHFRSLODQ FRQVROLGDQ
UHPLWHQ DO %DQFR 0XQGLDO GH 'DWRV ORV GDWRV GH PRQLWRUHR GH OD FDOLGDG GHO DLUH REWHQLGRV SRU ORV
LQWHJUDQWHVGHOD5HGGH/DERUDWRULRVGHDOLGDG GHO$LUH LQVFULSWRV HQHO 3URHFWR $0,6*(06$,5(
GHOD236206GHVGHVHSURYHHQGURJDVUHDFWLYRVPDWHULDOGHYLGULRDORVODERUDWRULRVGHOD
5HG 1DFLRQDO GH /DERUDWRULRV GH 6DOXG $PELHQWDO D ILQ GH DSRDU VX IXQFLRQDPLHQWR DVHJXUDU OD
FRQWLQXLGDGHQODUHFROHFFLyQGHLQIRUPDFLyQ
(18(67$1$,21$/'(/$%25$725,26'($/,'$''($,5(
(Q VH UHDOL]y XQD (QFXHVWD 1DFLRQDO GH /DERUDWRULRV GH DOLGDG GHO $LUH HQ EDVH D XQ
PRGHORHODERUDGRSRU(3,6236DOFDQ]DQGRDWRGDVODVMXULVGLFFLRQHVSURYLQFLDOHVPXQLFLSDOHVTXH
FRQIRUPDQ OD 5HG 1DFLRQDO GH DOLGDG GH $LUH 6DOXG FRQ HO REMHWR GH REWHQHU XQD YLVLyQ JOREDO
DFWXDOL]DGDGHODRSHUDWRULDFDSDFLGDGGHOSDtVHQFXDQWRDHYDOXDFLyQFRQWUROGHODFDOLGDGGHODLUH
XUEDQR
$ $5$7(5,67,$6'(/021,725(2$7026)(5,2FXDGUR 21. /D 5HG HVWi LQWHJUDGD SRU ODERUDWRULRV GH GHSHQGHQFLD PXQLFLSDO GH GHSHQGHQFLD
SURYLQFLDO
/DV FLXGDGHV FRQ SURJUDPD ODERUDWRULR LQFOXHQ ODV PiV SREODGDV GHO SDtV HQ FDVRV
FXEULHQGRHOpMLGRPXQLFLSDOHQ~QLFDGHHOODVFXRODERUDWRULRGHSHQGHGHOD SURYLQFLDVH
H[WLHQGH DO iUHD SHULXUEDQD 22. FLXGDGHV FRQ XQ iUHD LQGXVWULDO VLJQLILFDWLYD HQ WpUPLQRV
QDFLRQDOHVFDSLWDOHVSURYLQFLDOHV
/RV ODERUDWRULRV KLVWyULFDPHQWH QDFLGRV GHVGH ODV iUHDV VDQLWDULDV HQ OD GpFDGD GHO
DFXPXODQGR PiV GH DxRV GH WUDEDMR FRQ DOJXQDV LQWHUUXSFLRQHV DFWXDOPHQWH GHSHQGHQ GH
6DOXG 25. HVWi LQVFULSWR HQ HO SURHFWR *(06$,5(236206 SHUR
VyORFRQDOJXQDVGHODVHVWDFLRQHVGHODVH[LVWHQWHV 34. VyOR DLVODGDPHQWH HQ HVWDFLRQHV PyYLOHV HQ FDGD XQR GH GRV GH ORV MXULVGLFFLRQHV
LQYROXFUDGRVHQHOSDtV 35. 5(3Ò%/,$$5*(17,1$
0,1,67(5,2'(6$/8'
352*5$0$$/,'$''($,5(6$/8'
5('1$,21$/'(/$%25$725,26'($,5(
(18(67$
$5$7(5Ë67,$6'(/021,725(2$7026)e5,2
$5$7(5Ë67,$6 '(3(1'(1,$ 727$/ /2$/,'$'(621
Q
081,,3$/ 3529,1,$/ 0$6'('( $ $
Q Q +$%,7$17(6 +$%,7$17(6 +$%,7$17(6
Q Q Q
7LHQHSURJUDPDGHHYDOXDFLyQPDQHMRGHODFDOLGDGGHODLUH
,QVFULSWRHQHOSURHFWR*(06$,5(236206
2SHUDHVWDFLRQHVILMDV
8ELFDFLyQQ~PHURGHHVWDFLRQHV ,QGXVWULDO
LQVFULSWDVHQSURJUDPD*(06
$,5(
RPHUFLDO
5HVLGHQFLDO
,QGXVWULDOFRPHUFLDO
,QGXVWULDOUHVLGHQFLDO
RPHUFLDOUHVLGHQFLDO
727$/
2SHUDODERUDWRULRILMR
2SHUDODERUDWRULRPyYLO
5HDOL]DPHGLFLyQGHHPLVLRQHV
2ULJHQGHODVHPLVLRQHV )XHQWHVILMDV
)XHQWHVPyYLOHV
36. % )8(17(6'(),1$1,$,21
/RVODERUDWRULRVVHILQDQFLDQEiVLFDPHQWHFRQUHFXUVRVGHOiUHDGHODTXH GHSHQGHQ
D VHD OD SURYLQFLD R HO PXQLFLSLR /RV ODERUDWRULRV PXQLFLSDOHV QR UHFLEHQ DSRR
SURYLQFLDO
/D1DFLyQDSRDHOIXQFLRQDPLHQWRGHGHORVODERUDWRULRVDWUDYpVGHODSURYLVLyQ
GH LQVXPRV D WRGD OD 5HG FRQWULEXHQGR D OD FDSDFLWDFLyQ GH ORV 55++ GH ORV
ODERUDWRULRV GH RWURV VHUYLFLRV YLQFXODGRV FRQ OD SUREOHPiWLFD PiV GHO GH ORV
SDUWLFLSDQWHVHQORVFXUVRVRUJDQL]DGRVSRUHO3URJUDPDGHVGHKDVWDODIHFKD
SURYHQtDQGHORVODEVRGHORVPXQLFLSLRVFRQODERUDWRULRV
'LFKRV FXUVRV VH UHDOL]DURQ FRQ HO DXVSLFLR GH 236 (2 206 *7=,0 206
(3,6$0,6IXHURQGLFWDGRVSRUFRQVXOWRUHVH[WUDQMHURVGRFHQWHV
$7,9,'$'(6'($3$,7$,Ï1 )(+$ /8*$5 7RWDO
5(81,Ï11$,21$/'((;3(5726(1$/,'$''($,5(
6$/8' 6$17$)(6$17$)(
,(9$/8$,Ï10$1(-2'(5,(6*26325
217$0,1$,Ï1$7026)e5,$ $%5,/ 0(1'2=$0(1'2=$
,,(3,'(0,2/2*Ë$$0%,(17$/'(5,(6*2648Ë0,26
)Ë6,26$3$'(2=212217$0,1$,Ï1 $*2672 (648(/ +8%87
$7026)e5,$3/$*8,,'$6 37. ,,,21752/'($/,'$'$1$/Ë7,$3$5$/$%25$725,26
'($,5( 6$17$)(6$17$)(
$3$'(2=2125$',$,Ï1896$/8' 278%5( 86+8$+,$7,(55$'(/)8(*2
,9$/,'$''($,5(6$/8'0(72'2/2*Ë$+($'/$03 129,(0%5( 0(1'2=$0(1'2=$
9(3,'(0,2/2*Ë$5(63,5$725,$217$0,1$,Ï1
$7026)e5,$, 38. -8/,2 0$5'(/3/$7$%8(126$,5(6
9,02'(/26'(',63(56,Ï1'(217$0,1$,Ï1
$7026)e5,$(9$/8$,Ï1'((;326,,Ï1, 39. $*2672 0$5'(/3/$7$%8(126$,5(6
0$5=2
9,,(3,'(0,2/2*Ë$5(63,5$725,$217$0,1$,Ï1 0Ï'8/2 42. 9,,,$/,'$''($,5(,175$'20,,/,$5,26$/8', 43. -81,2 (648(/ +8%87
,;217$0,1$,Ï1'(/$,5(85%$123259(+Ë8/26
()(726(1/$6$/8'',$*1Ï67,235(9(1,Ï1 $*2672 526$5,2 6$17$)(
0(','$6'(21752/
;6,67(0$6'(,1)250$,Ï1*(2*5È),$(16$/8' 129,(0%5( %8(126$,5(6
;,$3/,$,Ï1'((3,'(0,2/2*Ë$(16$/8'$0%,(17$/
3$5$352%/(0$6'(5,9$'26'(/$217$0,1$,Ï1 129,(0%5( %8(126$,5(6
$7026)e5,$85%$1$
;,,02'(/26'(',63(56,Ï1'(217$0,1$17(6
$7026)e5,26(9$/8$,Ï1'((;326,,Ï1,, 44. $%5,/ %8(126$,5(6
;,,,$/,'$''($,5(,175$'20,,/,$5,26$/8',, 45. -81,2 38(5720$'51+8%87
727$/
46. 5(3Ò%/,$$5*(17,1$
0,1,67(5,2'(6$/8'
352*5$0$$/,'$''($,5(6$/8'
5('1$,21$/'(/$%25$725,26'($,5(
(18(67$
)8(17(6'(),1$1,$,Ï1
/$%25$725,26 727$/ /2$/,'$'(621
1
081,,3$/(6 3529,1,$/(6 0$6'( $ $
Q Q '( +$%,7$17(6 +$%,7$17(6
+$%,7$17(6 Q Q
Q
5(856261$,21$/(6
5(856263529,1,$/(6
5(85626081,,3$/(6
5(856263523,26
48. /RVODERUDWRULRVWLHQHQXQDDPSOLDGLYHUVLGDGHQWpUPLQRVGHFDSDFLGDGRSHUDWLYD
FRQLQGHSHQGHQFLDGHVXUHODFLyQGHSHQGHQFLDHQDOJXQDPHGLGDGHOWDPDxRGHOD
FLXGDGHQODTXHRSHUDQ/DVGRWDFLRQHVTXHORV RSHUDQ YDQ GH D SHUVRQDV (Q
WpUPLQRV JHQHUDOHV ODV FLXGDGHV PDV JUDQGHV FXHQWDQ FRQ PDV SHUVRQDO ODV PDV
FKLFDVWLHQHGRWDFLRQHVPDVUHGXFLGDVSHURVREUHWRGRVLVHFRQVLGHUDQODVFLXGDGHV
FRQ PiV GH KDELWDQWHV QR KD XQD UHODFLyQ OLQHDO HQWUH SREODFLyQ GRWDFLyQ
GHO ODERUDWRULRV /RV PLVPRV VRQ RSHUDGRV SRU WpFQLFRV SURIHVLRQDOHV 49. FRQ
PXHVFDVRDSRRDGPLQLVWUDWLYRVyORSUHVHQWHHQGHODVPDRUHVFLXGDGHV
(O SHUVRQDO WpFQLFR VyOR SDUFLDOPHQWH SHUFLEH TXH JR]D GH RSRUWXQLGDGHV GH
FDSDFLWDFLyQ HVSHFtILFD GH ODEV 51. QR WRGRV
WLHQHQ DFFHVR D ELEOLRWHFDV HVSHFLDOL]DGDV VLHQGR SDUWLFXODUPHQWH UHOHYDQWH TXH D OD
IHFKDGHODHQFXHVWDWRGDYtDKDEtDODEVTXHQRWHQtDQDFFHVRD,17(51(7
(QWpUPLQRVGHFDSDFLGDGGHSURFHVDPLHQWRGHGDWRVVHGHVWDFDTXHODPDRUtDSHUR
QRWRGRVORVODEVFXHQWDQFRQXQEDQFRGHGDWRVSURSLRV 52. TXHVyOR GH ORV
ODEV LQFRUSRUDGRVDOSURHFWR *(06 DFFHGHQ DO EDQFR GH GDWRV GHO PLVPR TXH FDVL
WRGRV ORV ODEV FXHQWDQ FRQ VHUYLFLR LQIRUPiWLFR HQ OD PDRUtD GH ORV FDVRV 54. 5(3Ò%/,$$5*(17,1$
0,1,67(5,2'(6$/8'
352*5$0$$/,'$''($,5(6$/8'
5('1$,21$/'(/$%25$725,26'($,5(
(18(67$
5(85626+80$126
1,9(/'($3$,7$,Ï1 /$%25$725,26 727$/ /2$/,'$'(621
Q 57. '( +$%,7$17(6 +$%,7$17(6
+$%,7$17(6 Q 60. 6(81'$5,$
7(5,$5,$1281,9(56,7$5,$
81,9(56,7$5,$
727$/
PtQLPRPi[LPR
0HGLD6'
0HGLDQD
,QFOXHSDVDQWHVQLYHOWHUFLDULR 62. 5(3Ò%/,$$5*(17,1$
0,1,67(5,2'(6$/8'
352*5$0$$/,'$''($,5(6$/8'
5('1$,21$/'(/$%25$725,26'($,5(
(18(67$
$3$,7$,Ï1'(/265(85626+80$126
/$%25$725,26 727$/ /2$/,'$'(621
Q
081,,3$/(6 3529,1,$/(6 0$6'( $ $
Q Q '( +$%,7$17(6 +$%,7$17(6
+$%,7$17(6 Q Q
Q
3HUFHSFLyQGHODVRSRUWXQLGDGHVGHFDSDFLWDFLyQWpFQLFD
$FFHVRDELEOLRJUDItDDFWXDOL]DGD
%LEOLRWHFD 3URSLD
RPSDUWLGD
3~EOLFD
$FFHVRD,QWHUQHW
3HUFHSFLyQGHDGHFXDGRDSRRDGPLQLVWUDWLYR
3HUFHSFLyQGHODVRSRUWXQLGDGHVGHFDSDFLWDFLyQGHO
SHUVRQDODGPLQLVWUDWLYR
/RVUHVXOWDGRVVHSUHVHQWDQFRPR6,WRWDO
$OHQFXHVWDUQRVHGLVWLQJXLyHQWUHDFFHVRFRQUHFXUVRVSHUVRQDOHVDFFHVRLQVWLWXFLRQDO
63. 5(3Ò%/,$$5*(17,1$
0,1,67(5,2'(6$/8'
352*5$0$$/,'$''($,5(6$/8'
5('1$,21$/'(/$%25$725,26'($,5(
(18(67$
$$3$,'$''(352(6$0,(172'('$726
/$%25$725,26 727$/ /2$/,'$'(621
Q
081,,3$/(6 3529,1,$/(6 0$6'( $ $
Q Q '( +$%,7$17(6 +$%,7$17(6
+$%,7$17(6 Q Q
Q
%DQFRGHGDWRVSURSLR
%DQFRGHGDWRVVHJ~QHOSURHFWR*(06$,5(
6HUYLFLRLQIRUPiWLFR 3URSLR
RPSDUWLGR
64. ' $3$,'$''(08(675(2'(3$5$0(7526),6,248,0,26FXDGURV 65. (O FRQMXQWR GH ORV ODERUDWRULRV PXHVWUHD SXHGH PHGLU XQ WRWDO GH SDUiPHWURV
EiVLFRVGLVWLQWRV(VWHDUFRVLQHPEDUJRLQFOXHSURIXQGDVGLIHUHQFLDV/RVODERUDWRULRV
HYDO~DQ HQWUH SDUiPHWURV /RV ODERUDWRULRV GH ODV FLXGDGHV PDV FKLFDV WLHQHQ
FDSDFLGDGHVFRPSDUDEOHVDSDUiPHWURVPHGLDQD 66. PLHQWUDVTXHODVFLXGDGHV
PHGLDQDV JUDQGHVWLHQHQXQDFDSDFLGDG RSHUDWLYDPXFKRPDVKHWHURJpQHD D
SDUiPHWURV 'HVGH XQD ySWLFD LQGHSHQGL]DGD GHO WDPDxR GH OD FLXGDG HVWi FODUR TXH
KD GRV JUXSRV GH ODEV FRQ XQD FDSDFLGDG GH HYDOXDFLyQ LPSRUWDQWH R PiV
SDUiPHWURV 68. 'HVGH OD ySWLFD GH ORV SDUiPHWURV HO FXDGUR WDPELpQ HV KHWHURJpQHR GH ORV
SDUiPHWURVTXHVRQHYDOXDGRVSRUDOPHQRVODERUDWRULRVyOR62 72. SRU ODERUDWRULRV /RV UHVWDQWHV SDUiPHWURV VRQ UHJLVWUDGRV SRU
PHQRV GH OD PLWDG GH ORV ODERUDWRULRV KDVWD TXH VRQ PHGLGRV SRU XQ ~QLFR
ODERUDWRULRYDOHDFODUDUTXHQRHVHOPLVPR 74. HVD ~QLFD WpFQLFD HV
HPSOHDGD HQ DPERV FDVRV SRU ODERUDWRULRV GLVWLQWRV (Q ORV RWURV SDUiPHWURV OD
UHDOLGDG HV PiV FRPSOHMD GH HOORV 92 12 ) 79. 5(3Ò%/,$$5*(17,1$
352*5$0$$/,'$''($,5(6$/8'
5('1$,21$/'(/$%25$725,26'($,5(
(18(67$
$3$,'$''(08(675(2'(3$5È0(7526)Ë6,248Ë0,26
3DUiPHWURV%iVLFRV 1~PHURGH /$%25$725,26 727$/ /2$/,'$'(621
WpFQLFDV Q
DQDOtWLFDV
GLVWLQWDV
HPSOHDGDV
081,,3$/(6 3529,1,$/(6 0$6'( $ $
Q 81. '( +$%,7$17(6 +$%,7$17(6
+$%,7$17(6 Q 97. 3+$V
%7;+H[DQRV
Ï[LGRVGH$]XIUH
$PRQtDFR1+ 98. 5(3Ò%/,$$5*(17,1$
0,1,67(5,2'(6$/8'
352*5$0$$/,'$''($,5(6$/8'
5('1$,21$/'(/$%25$725,26'($,5(
(18(67$
21752/'($/,'$''(/$%25$725,2
/$%25$725,26 /2$/,'$'(621
081,,3$/(6 3529,1,$/(6 727$/ 0$6'( $ $
Q 104. (MHFXFLyQGHSURJUDPDV DLQWHUQR
GHRQWUROGHDOLGDGHQ
HO/DERUDWRULR
EH[WHUQR
6HHIHFW~DQFRQWUROHV /DYDGRGHPDWHULDOHV
SDUDJDUDQWL]DUODV
RSFLRQHVGH
3UHSDUDFLyQGHUHDFWLYRV
DOLEUDFLyQGHLQVWUXPHQWRV
6LVWHPDGH LQWHUFDPELRGH GDWRVFRQRWURODERUDWRULR
RQWUROGHSUHFLVLyQH[DFWLWXGFRQSUXHEDVFXDGURV
GHFRQWURO
(OODERUDWRULRVLUYHGHUHIHUHQFLDD RWURV
105. ( ,167580(17$/'(/$%25$725,26
/D KHWHURJHQHD FDSDFLGDG GH HYDOXDFLyQ HV REYLDPHQWH DFRPSDxDGD SRU XQD FDVL
SDUDOHOD GRWDFLyQ GH HTXLSDPLHQWR RQVLGHUDQGR XQD PXHVWUD GH HTXLSRV
UHVXOWDQWHGHXQOLVWDGRSURSXHVWRDOODQ]DUODHQFXHVWDOXHJRFRUUHJLGRVREUHODEDVH
GH ODV UHVSXHVWDV GH PDQHUD WDO GH HYLWDU OR REYLR KHODGHUDV SRU HM 106. H LQFOXLU WRGR
DTXHO HTXLSR UHIHULGR SRU ORV SURSLRV ODERUDWRULRV VH HQFXHQWUDQ WUHV JUXSRV GH
ODERUDWRULRV /RV PiV HTXLSDGRV 107. GLVSRQHQ GH D GH ORV HTXLSRV
FRQVLGHUDGRV(QXQDVLWXDFLyQPHQRVIDYRUDEOHVHHQFXHQWUDQRWURVODERUDWRULRVTXH
GLVSRQHQ GH HTXLSRV /RV UHVWDQWHV ODERUDWRULRV WLHQHQ R PHQRV GH ORV
HTXLSRVOLVWDGRV
,JXDOPHQWH KHWHURJHQHD HV OD GLVSRQLELOLGDG GH DXWRDQDOL]DGRUHV (O FRQMXQWR GH ORV
ODERUDWRULRV GH OD UHG FRQWDED DO PRPHQWR GH OD HQFXHVWD FRQ HTXLSRV GH HVWD
QDWXUDOH]DSDUDODPHGLFLyQGHSDUiPHWURVGLVWLQWRV7RGRVHOORVVHHQFXHQWUDQHQ
GHORVODERUDWRULRVORVUHVWDQWHVODERUDWRULRVQRGLVSRQHQGHQLQJXQR$KRUDELHQ
GH ORV ODERUDWRULRV FRQFHQWUDQ GH ORV HTXLSRV RWUR ODERUDWRULR WLHQH
ODERUDWRULRVFXHQWDQFRQXQVRORDXWRDQDOL]DGRU
'HVGHRWURiQJXORVHGHVWDFDTXHVyORODERUDWRULRVFXHQWDQFRQXQD8QLGDG3RUWiWLO
GH0XHVWUHRGH$LUHTXHGHORVDXWRDQDOL]DGRUHVVRQ ~QLFRVTXH SDUiPHWURV
1+62+ 109. HQODERUDWRULRV'HHVWRV GDWRV QRGHEHHQWHQGHUVH
TXH OD GLVSRQLELOLGDG GH DXWRDQDOL]DGRU SDUD XQ PLVPR SDUiPHWUR HQ GLVWLQWRV
ODERUDWRULRVHTXLYDOHDTXHVHWUDWHGHHTXLSRVGHLJXDOPRGHORRD~QLJXDOPDUFDHOOR
QRHVDVt
6LELHQORVODERUDWRULRVWRPDQWRGRVORVUHFDXGRVLQWHUQRVSDUDJDUDQWL]DUODFDOLGDGGH
VXV UHVXOWDGRV WRGDYtD QR VH KD LQVWDODGR XQ VLVWHPD GH FRQWURO GH FDOLGDG LQWHUQR R
H[WHUQRTXHFXEUDWRGDODUHGRDOPHQRVXQDSDUWHGHHOOD
21/86,21(65(20(1'$,21(6
/DSUHRFXSDFLyQSRUODDOLGDGGHO$LUHVXVHIHFWRVHQODVDOXGGHODSREODFLRQQRKD
DOFDQ]DGRHQOD$UJHQWLQDHOUHFRQRFLPLHQWRHLPSRUWDQFLDTXHPHUHFHRPRHQPXFKDVRWUDV
FRQGLFLRQHV DPELHQWDOHV OD WHQGHQFLD SUHGRPLQDQWH HV D SUHVWDUOHV DWHQFLyQ FXDQGR VH
GHVHQFDGHQDQ VLWXDFLRQHV GH HPHUJHQFLD R FXDQGR ODV FRQGLFLRQHV GH ULHVJR VXSHUDQ
JURVHUDPHQWHORVPtQLPRVDFHSWDEOHV6RQLQGLFDGRUHVFODURVGHHVWDDFWLWXGVRFLDOODOHQWLWXG
FRQTXHVHYLHQHSURFHGLHQGRDORODUJR DQFKRGHOSDtVSDUDHVWDEOHFHUQRUPDVGHFDOLGDG
PtQLPDDFHSWDEOHHOUHGXFXGRQ~PHURGHSURJUDPDVGHFDOLGDGGHDLUHVDOXGRSHUDWLYRVHQ
HOSDtV
1RREVWDQWHORVHxDODGRHVHYLGHQWHTXHORV~OWLPRVDxRVODFRPXQLGDGKDPDQLIHVWDGR
HQIRUPDFUHFLHQWHVXSUHRFXSDFLyQSRUHOPHMRUDPLHQWRGHODVFRQGLFLRQHVDPELHQWDOHVSRU
PLQLPL]DUVXLPSDFWRVREUHODVDOXG0iVD~QODH[SHULHQFLDDFXPXODGDDORODUJRGHPiVGH
DxRV SRU HO 3URJUDPD GH DOLGDG GH $LUH 6DOXG UHYHOD TXH FUHFH VLJQLILFDWLYDPHQWH HO
LQWHUpVGHWpFQLFRVSURIHVLRQDOHVSRUDFFHGHUD KHUUDPLHQWDVTXHIDFLOLWHQVXSRVLELOLGDGGH
FRQRFHUPDQHMDUORVULHVJRVDVRFLDGRVDODFDOLGDGGHODLUH
(Q HVWH PDUFR ORV UHVXOWDGRV GH OD HQFXHVWD UHDOL]DGD HQ ORV ODERUDWRULRV TXH
LQWHJUDQ OD 5HG 1DFLRQDO GH /DERUDWRULRV GH DOLGDG GH $LUH UHYHODQ XQD SURIXQGD
KHWHURJHQHLGDGH[SUHVDGDHQWpUPLQRVGHUHFXUVRVKXPDQRVWHQROyJLFRVGHFDSDFLGDGGH
HYDOXDFLyQ GH SDUiPHWURV GH DFFHVR D FDSDFLWDFLyQ 6LQ HPEDUJR GHEH GHVWDFDUVH OD
YROXQWDG GH ORV UHVSRQVDEOHV GH HVWRV ODERUDWRULRV SDUD PHMRUDU OD FRRUGLQDFLyQ HQWUH ORV
PLVPRVHVWDEOHFHUFULWHULRVKRPRJpQHRVGHFDOLGDGSURJUDPDVGHLQWHUFDOLEUDFLyQDVtFRPR
GHSURPRYHUODDGKHVLyQDORVHVWiQGDUHVSURSXHVWRSRUHO3URJUDPD5HJLRQDOGHDOLGDGGH
$LUHHODERUDGREDMRODFRRUGLQDFLyQGHOD2UJDQL]DFLyQ3DQDPHULFDQDGHOD6DOXG
$*5$'(,0,(1726
/RVDXWRUHVTXLHUHQH[SUHVDUVXDJUDGHFLPLHQWRDORVUHVSRQVDEOHVGHORV/DERUDWRULRV
GHDOLGDGGH$LUHLQWHJUDGRVDOD5HG1DFLRQDOGHO3URJUDPDGHDOLGDGGH$LUH6DOXGSRU
VXFRODERUDFLyQ