Literature Review Process – Role, importance, sources, methods, software tools for literature review. Formulation of Research Problem

1. Dr.Dipali Meher
mailtomeher@gmail.com
#DipaliMeher
Literature Review
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2. Agenda
Literature Review Process
Role of Literature Review
Importance of Literature Review
Sources of Literature Review
Methods of Literature Review
Software tools for Literature
Review
Formulation of Research Problem
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3. Literature Review
Literature Review is a
comprehensive survey of the
published in a particular field
line of research, usually over a
period of time, in the form of
critical bibliographic essay or
list in which attention is drawn
significant works.
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4. PURPOSES (NEED) OF LITERATURE REVIEW
 Provides thorough knowledge of previous studies; introduces seminal works.
 Helps focus one’s own research topic.
 Identifies a conceptual framework for one’s own research questions or problems; indicates potential
directions for future research.
 Suggests previously unused or underused methodologies, designs, and quantitative and qualitative
strategies.
 Identifies gaps in previous studies; identifies flawed methodologies and/or theoretical approaches;
avoids replication of mistakes.
 Helps the researcher avoid the repetition of earlier research.
 Suggests unexplored populations.
 Determines whether past studies agree or disagree; identifies controversy in the literature.
 Tests assumptions may help counter preconceived ideas and remove unconscious bias.
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5. PURPOSES (NEED) OF LITERATURE REVIEW
 Explains the background of research on a topic.
 Demonstrates why a topic is significant to a subject area.
 Helps focus your own research questions or problems
 Discovers relationships between research studies/ideas.
 Suggests unexplored ideas or populations
 Identifies major themes, concepts, and researchers on a topic.
 Tests assumptions; may help counter preconceived ideas and remove
unconscious bias.
 Identifies critical gaps, points of disagreement, or potentially flawed
methodology or theoretical approaches.
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6. Literature Review
A literature review normally falls into two parts.
Initially, research students explore the literature to look for a suitable research idea and
discover relevant material about any possible research topics, for example, journals that
regularly publish articles on the chosen subject area, authors who are frequently cited in
articles about the problem and survey articles that review the previous work on a
particular topic and identify where more research is needed. This helps students to get a
feel for the area and define a research problem.
The second part of the literature review begins once a topic is chosen. It carries
on throughout the remainder of the research time, up to and including writing the thesis
or dissertation and preparing for a viva or presentation. The aim is to gather and present
evidence to support your claim that you have created some new knowledge.
A successful literature review meet the objectives of research.
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7. Objectives of Literature Review
 Show that the researcher is aware of existing work in the chosen topic area.
 Place the researcher’s work in the context of what has already been published.
 Point to strengths, weaknesses, omissions or bias in the previous work.
 Identify key issues or crucial questions that are troubling the research community.
 Point to gaps that have not previously been identified or addressed by researchers.
 Identify theories that the researcher will test or explore by gathering data from the field.
 Suggest theories that might explain data the researcher has gathered from the field.
 Identify theories, genres, methods or algorithms that will be incorporated in the
development of a computer application.
 Identify research methods or strategies that the researcher will use in the research.
 Enable subsequent researchers to understand the field and the researcher’s work within
that field.
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8. Resources for Literature Review
BOOKS
Year Books e.g., published as supplements to
Encyclopaedias.
Text Books.
Reference Books.
Manuals
JOURNALS:
Published monthly, Quarterly, Half yearly or
Annually.
Conference and Workshop Proceedings
REPORTS:
Reports of Committees/Commissions appointed
by Governments and Public institutions.
Seminar Reports and Conference proceedings.
Bibliography of Doctoral
Dissertations.
Research Dissertations and theses
Newspapers
Micro Forms: Audio and Video tapes
Art exhibition Catalogues
Multimedia Literature
Resource catalogues and online
databases
Academic Gateways
People
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9. Books
Textbooks can be useful as introductory sources.
They explain a field and the main approaches or
theories used within it, and they give guidance on
particular methods or techniques. However, these
books are aimed at students on taught courses, not
at academic researchers, which is what you should
be aspiring to be, so they are only rarely cited in a
literature review. You can look for references used
in textbooks. They are used to clear core concept of
related topic.
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10. Manuals
Manuals can be a valuable source of
information, particularly for design and
creation projects where you will often need
to use the relevant technical manuals to use
particular software packages or computer
systems. However, useful as they are, they
are not refereed academic works giving
insight into current thinking in the field.
They are not often cited in a literature
review.
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11. Journals
Academic journal articles are where you should
find information on the current thinking and
research in your area of interest.
Your final literature review will probably contain
mostly journal articles. They can be difficult to
read at first, so you might find it best to gain an
understanding of the area through books before
exploring journal articles for the latest
developments. Also useful when you first start
are journal articles
Those journals containing refereed articles
are rated more highly than those with non-
refereed articles. ‘Refereed’ means that
articles have been ‘peer reviewed’:
academics unknown to an article’s authors
assess its suitability and quality before a
decision is taken on whether to publish it in
the journal. (Look at a journal’s website
under ‘Instructions for Authors’ to find out
whether articles are normally submitted for
peer review before acceptance or rejection.)
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12. #DipaliMeher
Conference & Workshop Proceedings
At conferences, professionals and scholars
explore the latest trends, share new ideas, and
present new research. Searching Conference
papers allows you to see research before it is
published and get a feel for what is going on in a
particular organization or within a particular
group.
Many electronic databases include conference
proceedings, but with ProceedingsFirst database,
you can search proceedings alone.

13. Reports
Ph. D Dissertations
Reports of various committee
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14. Newspapers, magazines, radio and television
Newspapers, magazines and broadcast
programmes can be a valuable resource for up-
to-date information. Some carry authoritative
articles by expert journalists, for
example the Financial Times or Wall Street
Journal, the Economist or Time magazines, and
the BBC or CNN. They are often available on CD-
ROM or microfiche, and online. However, many
press and broadcasting organizations are biased
politically or geographically, and the articles and
programmes are not subject to peer review.
They can therefore be useful for finding a way
into a subject, but you should not normally use
them much in your literature review.
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15. Art exhibition catalogues
Those researching into computers and art
find art exhibitor. catalogues useful. Here
artists often offer personal statements or
essays on their atm and their artistic
process.
Such catalogues often also contain critical
reviews by art critics, who analyze the work
and place it in a broader historical context.
Remember, however, that such essays are
not peer reviewed as in most academic
research — they reflect the personal,
subjective views of the artist or art critic.
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16. Methods of Literature Review
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17. Methods of Literature Review: Comprehensive Literature Review
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18. Software tools for Literature Review
Literature Review Software MAXQDA | Powerful and Easy-to-use - MAXQDA
Mendeley
Literature Review and Critical Analysis tool for Researchers | RAx (raxter.io)
Best Literature Review Tool | Analyse a Literature Matrix in Seconds (scholarcy.com)
Elicit: The AI Research Assistant
Literature review tool – Hopscotch (hopscotchmodel.com)
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19. Formulation of Research Problem
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20. Formulation of Research Problem
4.0 Introduction
4.1 Objectives
4.2 Sources of Identifying a Problem
4.2.1 Professional Experience
4.2.2 Professional Literature
4.2.3 Inference from Theories and
Other Sources
4.3 Definition of the Problem
4.3.1 Statement of the Problem
4.3.2 Operationalization of Variables
4.3.3 Evaluation of the Problem
4.4 Hypothesis
4.4.1 Importance of Hypothesis
4.4.2 Characteristics of a Good Hypothesis
4.4.3 Formulation of Hypothesis
4.4.4 Three Forms of Hypothesis
4.5 Hypothesizing in Various Types of Research
4.5.1 Hypothesis in Historical Research
4.5.2 Hypothesis in Experimental Research
4.5.3 Hypothesis in Descriptive Research
4.6 Let Us Sum Up
4.7 Check Your Progress: The Key
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21. References
 Research methodology techniques and methods
https://ccsuniversity.ac.in/bridge-library/pdf/Research-Methodology-CR-
Kothari.pdf by New age International publishers. By C. R Kothari
 Researching Information Systems and Computing Sage Publications by
Oates B J
 Block_1 (egyankosh.ac.in)
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