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The Early Belief System
In the early belief systems, people tended to worship deities of nature, such as the earth, sky, river, and other elements of the natural world. People of
the early times believed that the elements of the natural world were all inhabited by deities of nature, and that is why events in the natural world were
determined by those deities. From this information, I can infer that people relied on the power of gods, especially deities of nature, to explain natural
phenomena. They had little understanding or actual evidence to explain natural phenomena. Early belief systems created a bond between people that
led to communal rituals and ceremonies. People formed communities with their shared beliefs in deities. In simple words, early belief systems
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Compare And Contrast Plato And Augustine
Plato vs. Augustine Plato and Augustine both great philosophers in the time of the Greeks. Though both philosophers, they both have different ideas
and thoughts about the world. Plato and Augustine taught through different stories and tales. The belief and views of Plato are influenced by the
stories told by his teacher Socrates. Socrates told the story of The Allegory of the Cave a story of which Plato based his beliefs on. The story of The
Allegory of the Cave indicates that humans are creatures of habit and grow up on one belief. When this belief is disrupted by an outside belief it makes
them question the belief that they grew up with. Those who believe that outside influence try to help the others around them to believe it as well.
Yet the people they try to convince refuse and continue to believe what they have believed their entire life. So, the moral of the story is humans are
very against change and stubborn to new concepts. An example of this that connects to today is like trying to get old people to like technology.
When technology in the world became a bigger thing some of the elderly accepted it and tried to figure out how to work it. Then there is the other
kind of elderly that don't accept it and like still living in the 1940s and 1950s. Plato believes that it is hard for humans to adjust to change and
differences in their life. Most of Plato's beliefs do come from the influence of Socrates as he was his teacher and mentor. Augustine on the other hand
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Christian Belief Systems : The Humanist And The Christian...
According to Schaffer, in America and most of the western world, a growing issue was the belief system. This issue is mainly the growing difference
between two different belief systems: The humanist and the Christian beliefs. The main difference between these two systems is the perception of the
final reality of existence, which leads to an impossibility for them to coexist as each one contradicts the other in aspects such as abortion,
homosexuality, etc. This creates a problematic among government 's identifying with one or the other when interpreting Law. The Christian belief, as
we know is based upon a single God, creator of all things and human beings. This one is based upon the bible and constitutes, according to Schaffer the
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One of the main ideas of A Christian Manifesto is to remind the reader that the state is and was always based upon the principles of God being the
supreme law. To elaborate this, Schaffer cites several passages from the New Testament in which the difference between Government and God is
explained. Government is there to commend the right and punish the wrong, but this power is given to it by the Creator. In other words, Government
is still a servant to God, not his equal. "God has appointed the state as a delegated authority; it is not autonomous" (91). This is what was believed in
during the American Revolution and what the humanist belief system is trying to leave behind. Conflict comes when, influenced by humanism,
government goes against God 's law in its governing. Using tax money for legal abortion clinics is a good example of this. The response Schaffer
considers appropriate is, civil disobedience. When considering civil disobedience, the book cites Samuel Rutherford 's Lex Rex when explaining the
steps. For a private individual, there are three levels of disobedience, these are protest, flight and force. Protest should be a legal right in contemporary
society and it should always be done peacefully. Flight is a way of defense against the state to avoid the use of force. Force should only be used as
means of defense and being limited to prevent
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Belief Systems: Islam and Buddhism
Throughout history, the spread of belief systems has influenced regions socially, economically, and politically. Some of these belief systems were Islam
and Buddhism. Islam and Buddhism spread and influenced regions socially economically, and politically.
Islam was spread to many regions like Spain, Africa and the Songhai empire. As well as being spread it was also influenced socially, economically, and
politically. Islam was spread to African societies. In document 1, it states that, Islam was spread to African societies by opening routes and exposing
isolated societies to external influences by merchants. In document 3, it states the Askia Mohammed remodeled his empire along Islamic lines as
possible. Their new followers converted because they liked Muslim culture. They believed in Allah, their God, and honor Mohammed teachings. Many
converted because they liked how they Gov't was run. Mohammed followers spread Islam beyond the Arab world. Islam influenced society,
economically, and politically on other regions. In document 1, it states, Muslim men of religion were peacemakers, who pleaded for those who broke
the Kings law. According to document 2, Muslims spread the love of art beyond learning. In Spain, Muslims Muslims influence the Spaniards
socially. Document 3 states, that legal and social reforms were introduced by judges were appointed in all large districts of the empire. The court of
Askia Mohammed was the highest court of the land to which appeals from lower
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The Ethics Of Belief System
It is in W. K. Clifford's essay The Ethics of Belief in which the author argues that a belief system based on anything but evidence is immoral. This
argument is made in response to Blaise Pascal's suggestion that it is practically reasonable to live as though God exists as there is no loss in the
wager itself should God exist or not. The case of a ship owner is offered as an example to illustrate the point for genuine justification. Despite fears
that his vessel may not be seaworthy, a ship owner puts those doubts aside and allows the ship, full of emigrants in search of a better life, to set sail.
Having safely sailed numerous voyages and weathered many storms in the past, the ship owner felt confident in putting his trust in Providence.... Show
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As previously mentioned, this tale was intended to support the idea of an evidence based belief system. Clifford is of the mind that one's beliefs
are not his own but rather common property being guided by "that general conception of the course of things which has been created by society
for social purposes (p.238)." The idea here is that one has a responsibility to help create the world for their children, their future. Due to the
enormity of this obligation, it is crucial that this notion be applied to all beliefs. In doing so, this aids and strengthens the common goodness of
humankind. We must all question, and find evidence in, what we believe; no one is excused from this universal duty. By dismissing evidence, man
may "keep alive the fatal superstitions which clog his race (p.238)." While it is agreed that this obligation is no easy task, the result is suggested to
provide happiness and security in knowing how to deal with any situation. Allow me to support Clifford's premise by sharing a story from a recently
watched episode of This American Life about a Texas rancher who cloned Chance, his beloved 19–year old Brahman
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Ancient Belief System
The ancient belief systems of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam were more different because Muslims believe that the Koran corrects the other holy
texts, which leads to a difference in their beliefs. All three religions have different holy texts. They also have different stories about people such as
Muhammed and Jesus which play different but influential roles in each religion. Some might argue that there are more similarities amongst the beliefs
of the Jews, Christians and Muslims because they all believe in the same God. Still, the three religions are far more different than similar Islam
requires a pilgrimage in Islam, and Christians and Jews don't. During 3200 B.C.E through 600 C.E the three religions were founded and all originated
in the middle east. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Qur'an states that the Jews and Christians manipulated with the holy texts. Muslims didn't fully accept the beliefs of Jews because they didn't
believe that what they were worshiping in the Torah was correct, these religions don't meet eye to eye on beliefs found in their holy books which
shows their differences. The constitution of Medina states, "The Jews who follow us shall have aid and equality". Although Muslims believe that
they are equal to the Jewish people, the fact that they don't believe the Torah is accurate they still question their beliefs and can't fully agree with
them. The Qur'an states, "The Jews and the Christians say: 'we are the children of God and his loved ones.' Say: 'why then does he punish you for
your sins? Surely you are mortals of his own creation". Muslims question the beliefs of the Jews and Christians because they believe that they are
worshipping the wrong texts and don't have the correct information which is why they have strict beliefs about what they think is right according to the
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The Importance Of Belief Systems And Ideology
Belief systems and ideologies use customs, rituals, sacred texts and ceremonies to communicate values and beliefs.Divided mainly as Religious and
non–religious/political systems in that Belief systems require a central power, God, or deity/deities as the foundation of the system. The idea of a
central being leading the adherents is of utmost importance as the teachings and beliefs are embodied in this figure as well as stories and myths of
earth's creation, and the purpose of human existence. However Ideologies are identified as social movements that serve the demands of contemporary
society. They both apply to the adherents values and beliefs.
For instance in Buddhism, Buddhist's express their values and beliefs and perception on the world around them through the use meditation, and
chanting to cultivate mindfulness ritualistically and routinely. As well as following the teachings of the Drama, the and Pali Canon which consists
of 3 discourses 1. 'Sutra' word of the Buddha 2. 'Vinya' dishpan of the 'Sangha'/ The brotherhood, and the 'Abidharma' a set of creeds based on
essential teachings) as a guide to follow 'the 5 precepts', '4 nobel truths', '8 fold path' and 'the middle way' to live out compassion and loving kindness
in order to earn merit and reach inner peace and enlightenment to become a fully aware becoming the Buddha and to reach ultimate goal of going to
Nirvana.
Buddhists at the micro level express their values and beliefs through participating in devotional
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Religion As An Indispensable Facet Of The Book ' The...
Religion functions as an indispensable facet of the book which is really significant in parliamentary procedure to make the reader understand the
characters' lives. The faith that is described in the novel is called "The Pentecostal religion." The Pentecostal is a religion where divorce is not allowed,
drinking/partying was prohibited and the individual must attend a church. Religion intrigued me because it was strict and how it plays a major role in
all characters' lives. Likewise, similar to Hinduism which is my religion where divorce is not seen as respected things to do as well as partying and
drinking. Most of the characters are connected into Pentecostal religion, even if they don't follow every rule and regulation of that belief. A word
"Sinner" (69) was very interesting because a sinner in this book implies to the soul who is in the religion but does not follow the restrictions that this
religion implies and does not go to the church. I realize that every character in this book such as Clay, Cake, Alma, and an Anneth is sinners except for
Easter.
Anneth can be categorized as a sinner because she is in the Pentecostal religion but does not conform to their belief system. Being wild is restricted in
Pentecostal religion, but Anneth "would sometimes come in at three o'clock in the morning, smelling of liquor, a cigarette always running her pretty
hand" (17) and Easter also said "Anneth had been wild, maybe the wildest woman in Crow County, Kentucky" (17) which
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Polytheistic Belief Systems In Beowulf
As European civilizations began to develop, humans created polytheistic belief systems. These belief systems allowed humanity to define, worship, and
comprehend both the natural and supernatural worlds that surrounded them. However, as perceptions of religious beliefs changed, polytheistic belief
systems transformed into a monotheistic belief system. Originally governed by the Celtic faith, Britain's belief structure experienced a significant
transformation with the conquest of the Anglo–Saxons and their Germanic paganism. Society was struggling to establish its identity within a new belief
structure. To ease this integration Christian ideas were founded on the existing pagan ideology. This transition produced a gradual conversion to
Christianity. The epic poem "Beowulf", written circa 1000 AD, reflects the unification of Anglo–Saxon pagan concepts with Christian beliefs. ....... The
poem, "Beowulf", demonstrates the fusion between these two divergent religious systems in the characterization Grendel, Grendel's mother, and the
dragon by utilizing principles from both Christianity and Paganism. A merger of pagan and Christian beliefs that occurs in the poem, "Beowulf" is the
representation of Grendel. Grendel's ancestry and evil denote Christian beliefs. Grendel is a descendant of
...the banished monsters
Cain's clan, whom the Creator had outlawed
And condemned as outcasts. For the killing of Abel ("Beowulf" 105–107).
Grendel illustrates the evil found within Christian beliefs.
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The Hindu Belief System
The sculpture is a bronze object that is extremely detailed. It is a sculpture of a lady with a head dress that's standing in top of another woman's
shoulders. The Dancing Shiva is an important object in the Hindus religion. It's important because the sculpture represents the blessing of the world
and symbolizes that you should fear the world. Hinduism is a major religion and religious tradition of South Asia, the oldest worldwide religion,
characterized by a belief in reincarnation with a large amount of gods and goddesses.
Many people take part in the Hindu belief system actually fifteen percent of the world to be exact; in fact approximately one billion people in the
world practice Hinduism and that's fifteen percent of the world's population. This religion was created about five thousand years ago in India. This
religion was so popular based on its polytheistic beliefs, which is the beliefs in many gods. They also would tend to make up new gods based on
individual beliefs. Hindus also believed that that god is present everywhere. The social life of Hindus is replete with celebrations and festive
occasions that allow them to come together as a community and celebrate their common culture. Here're some of the most popular Hindu festivals
Diwali the Festival of Lights, and Holi the Festival of Colors. These festivals are very popular and are celebrated worldwide throughout the Hindus
civilization ("Hinduism." World Mark).
The Hindus also developed
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Our Belief Systems And Values
Life is full of mysteries. From childhood, people became curious of things that surround them. Humans experience pain and pleasure through the
senses. However the environment plays a major cause of everyone's behaviors. When people grow older, they become curious. They start asking
questions such as; where did we come from and why we are here? To help us understand these questions better, we should first find who we are. For
this reason, it is essential to define our belief system and identify our current values to help us understand ourselves better. A belief system is the
essential elements that shaped our set of values for which we base everything we do.
Religion has been around for thousands of years. Some people believed in many ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"All religions have their accepted dogma, or articles of belief, that follower must accept without question. This can lead to inflexibility and
intolerance in the face of other beliefs" (Brahm, 2005). For this reason, conflict can easily break out among people of different beliefs. Historical
events showed what happened to the Jewish people in Germany during World War II. Because of their different beliefs, they were sent to
concentration camps. Another example is the genocide in Rwanda. "In just 100 days, following a government coup in early April, some 800,000
Rwandans were ruthlessly murdered by their countrymen" (Haynes, 2002). History reveled that religion can be one of the greatest causes of conflict
among people of different beliefs.
The world today is composed of many religions. Some shared something in common but others have significant differences. I know my religion;
however it is imperative for me to know other people's religion to understand people behavior better. It is very important to be knowledgeable about
people's beliefs and attitudes toward religion. If all people learned about other religions, they will understand more about how religion ties into the
world's events. As a business professional, knowing other people's belief system helps us to communicate better to people of different beliefs.
Regardless of how we carry out our lives throughout our daily existence, our values are influenced by our belief system. We
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Belief Systems Dbq Essay
During the 6th to 2nd centuries BCE, several challenges contributed to philosophers and leaders revising existing belief systems and developing new
ones. Some of the countries where these changes were evident are China, Greece, Egypt, and Mauryan India. As countries developed, differences
between members of the same societies emerged and led to conflict and more diversity.
Although several different challenges, such as religion, caused leaders to revise existing belief systems and create new ones, ultimately it was the
challenges of new methods of education, various wars between countries, and the influence of different cultures that contributed to the new belief
systems.
Education of the the populations in each separate culture contributed ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Document 2 shows an excerpt of the Torah. This document is from the point of view of Moses, a Jewish prophet, who describes an Egyptian king
and his fear of the Israelites joining with his enemies and going to war against him. The Israelites were being used as slaves, but the Egyptian king
still recognized how they were powerful and how their culture could change Egypt, so the slaves were deliberately oppressed and given hard labor.
Document 5, written by an ancient Greek historian, gives his account of the Peloponnesian War. During this time, Sparta and some other Greek
city–states revolted against Athens, because they were unwilling to continue to pay taxes that started when they were allies in the Persian War. Sparta
defeated Athens with the help of the Peloponnesian League, so beliefs slightly changed under a new governing power. Document 6 describes how
previous wars in India have resulted in the killing and deportation of thousands of people. In this document, King Asoka of the Mauryan Empire brings
his change to the current belief system by encouraging people to show proper behavior to people. King Asoka's mention of treating brahmins correctly
in the passage indicates that the caste system was still in place after being created over one thousand years before with the Aryan
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Beowulf, The Warriors, And Their Belief System
Beowulf is an epic poem that has been handed down orally for centuries, but was finally written down in the eighth century. It is the story of an epic
hero, named Beowulf, who travels with his men, the Geats, to conquer the many beasts who terrorize the lands of the Danes. The scops describe
Beowulf as "greater and stronger than anyone anywhere in this world"(110–111). This example shows one of many qualities that make Beowulf the epic
hero that he is. He uses his strength to demonstrate both the dedication and bravery needed to bring peace and justice to the people who have been
terrorized for such a long time. Cultural elements exemplified in Beowulf occur in the aspects of the mead hall, the warriors, and their belief
system. The first element occurs in the description of the mead hall. Right before Beowulf's epic battle with the beast, Grendel, who has taken over
many of the Dane's possessions and has killed hundreds of men, we glimpse what life is like for the Danes when they were able to live in peace. The
scops say the mead hall is "gold shining"(239) and has "beautiful walls; shaped and fastened with iron inside and out, artfully worked"(295–297) and is
filled with the "harp's rejoicing call and the poets clear songs"(4–5). Through this description, we can imagine that the Danes are a powerful and bold
people. They are powerful by being able to build and retain a mead hall adorned with gold; they are bold because their mead hall is always filled with
the joyous
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Personal Principles Of A Belief System
A belief system is an ideology or set of principles that helps us to interpret our everyday reality. These principles can be religious, philosophical, or
political. Our beliefs can be shaped and influenced by a lot of different factors.Your values describe what is important to you in the way you live
your life. For me, my beliefs are highly impacted by where I come from, my neighborhood, my cultural background, and the fact that I am also a
girl play a huge part. However, when it comes to sharing your beliefs with someone it can either cause a negative impact or a positive one because
everyone has a different set of values with varying degrees of importance given to each value. For example, I come from a family of older parents,
which means
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Is Atheism Not A Belief System? Essay
What is Atheism? As our society evolves, we continue to perceive norms and morals individually, although, society likes to dictate that we should all
be the same. According to our culture, an individual who doesn't believe in the existence of God is an atheist; that is our everyday assumption of
someone who is atheist, is just agnostic. Even by just typing into Google, "What is Atheism?" in a matter of 0.34 seconds, it answers that it is a
disbelief or lack of belief in the existence of God or gods. But according to an atheist society website, American Atheist, they state that "Atheism is not
a belief system nor is it a religion", thus leaving people in a state of confusion on what actually is Atheism. The "religion" in which we know as
Atheism has been around for as long as we could imagine, but it reached its peak during the 15th and 16th century. According to PBS's "Secrets of
the Dead", no one in these centuries understood the perception of separation between the church and state, therefore the power of the church was
being questioned when it came to politics by the secular leaders. In my opinion, this keeps occurring in our society, therefore the nonbelievers'
population has increased. Politics and religion keep being treated as one when that shouldn't be the case when it comes to upbringing a country, yet we
still go through discrimination each day that goes by. As the medieval period faded, the era we now know as Renaissance developed in Europe; a time
known
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Carl Sagan 's Belief Systems
Carl Sagan starts by wondering why we have various belief systems. There have been many examples of belief systems and at any time "you would
find a set of popular, more or less similar, belief systems" (Sagan, pg. 379). The systems can change in a matter of years or last thousands of years,
depending on the support provided to the system from the people. Also, there are always a number of belief systems to choose from. These systems are
similar in that they have a comparable reason for their presence. He came to the conclusion that belief systems fulfill a "real human need that [is] not
being met by our society" (Sagan, pg. 379). These include medical needs, spiritual needs, or a need to communicate and connect with the rest of society.
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Both view the belief systems as offering a different way to satisfy the needs of the public, if the social systems that are in place cannot satisfy those
needs. They differ in that Hufford says that it is a criticism of the social system, calling the system indirectly inadequate. Sagan may have held this
view as well, but did not discuss it within this article. The idea that belief fulfills a need is accurate. I agree that their observation holds true to society.
Taking an example of mainstream religions, many say that they join and practice because they feel closer to a community of like–minded individuals.
Carl Sagan's argues for skepticism to be more widely used in a person's daily life. He leads with an example of buying a used car. He goes on to
explain that many people will question the dealer about the quality of the car or bring a mechanically inclined friend along. This opens the audience
to the idea that many people are already skeptical of certain situations. People have heard stories that used car salesmen may sell malfunctioning cars
and will take precautions when purchasing a car. Skepticism is something that is necessary to our lives, because it can prevent us from making a
mistake by not asking questions. Sagan wants that skepticism to spread to other beliefs and ideas. As an example of people or ideas people do not
question, Sagan uses commercials. Sagan says that commercials are not meant to be questioned about
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The 's Belief System A Worldview
Introduction Based upon one's belief system a worldview is developed. This is reflective of the religion an individual associates with. This religion,
gives meaning to life, allowing one to gain an understanding of the world. Since this understanding can be interpreted in various ways, people develop
differing worldviews. Noting the differences between various forms of faith is extremely important in the health care field in order to promote healing
within the patient. The health care professionals must be able to ensure that the form of care being provided does not offend or go against the patient's
belief system. Two major religions that exist in the world today are Christianity and Scientology. In Christianity, faith is centered on
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This allows one to honor the work of God, thus, fulfilling their spiritual need to ensure his/her health. In addition, during his/her walk with God, a
relationship and knowledge of God's word and love is obtained. The bible states, "I am the way and the truth and the life," allowing Christian's to
gain an understanding of knowledge though God (John 14:6, NIV). Another aspect of Christianity is seen through the biblical teachings, where a
connection between one's physical being and spirituality is made. From a health care perspective, this creates a sense of healing as the individual
is seen as whole in both a physical and spiritual sense. Jesus died upon the cross as a physical being in one of the most powerful sacrifices in
history. Through this act, He defines what it means to live by God's word and through God's love. Therefore, a Christian patient should follow in
Jesus' footsteps, defining and glorifying God's love, ensuring that he/she is living through God's word. By achieving glorification of God and correctly
living through His word, one becomes spiritually healthy which transfers to physical health as well. With these aspects of Christianity, a health care
professional should treat a Christian patient as having intrinsic value; meaning, one is not defined by an illness, but as a child of God, a human
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The Importance Of My Personal Belief System
In this paper, I will talk about "gaining a better understanding of my personal belief system, and how culture, race, ethnicity, and values influence me
in the helping profession." The focal point of exercise 1.1, is to make us understand how important it is to gain a better understanding of our personal
beliefs. I want to personally say, I agree 100% with this philosophy because doing this, will only sweeten our relationships with our clients. I back this
statement up with, believing that "one can't manage to help others, if they physically don't understand who they're yet." It is literally impossible for
someone to have success in this field or any other fields, if they have no clue on what their personal belief system consists of. Becoming
knowledgeable about your personal beliefs will most certainly benefit you, but it will also benefit your relationship with your clients as well. For
example, let's say you're a counselor and your client is someone who is having withdrawals about an abortion. And you grew up with the understanding
to "never get an abortion, abortions aren't acceptable, and etc". Knowing your beliefs, how would that factor in this process? If it was me, I would
actually hear my clients stories, and reasons why she or her family decided to go through with the abortion, moreover I believe that the beliefs that you
learned as a child can definitely change as you grow older. Saying this, this will actually result into allowing one to understand their personal
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The Religious Belief System Of Mithraism
Mithraism The religious belief system of Mithraism is not something that is heard and practiced by many in the modern world. Although there is not
much light shed upon this religion, it is still a belief system with many interesting quality and depth. Mithraism s a religion that is similar to
Christianity, as it follows similar principles and beliefs, but what they believe in and why they believe it is quite different as it originated in first
century B.C. in Greece by Iranians. It stands independently as a religion with many practices that must gain more recognition. This is because their
belief system can be dated back to ancient history, with faith that was rooted through different virtues. Not only that, but many rituals and... Show more
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This statement indicates the uniqueness of this religion because unlike other belief systems that originated from ancient Greece, Mithraism follows
monotheism and not a polytheist lifestyle. The final way in which the Mithraism is a distinctive religion is through the belief that the creation of the
world was formed through slaughtering a lamb. A recent reading indicates 'Mithra and ordered him to sacrifice the bull. Mithra executed the order
reluctantly; in many reliefs he is seen turning aside his face in sorrow. But at the very moment of the death of the bull, a great miracle happened'
(Merkelbach). This fact indicates the distinctiveness of this religion because there aren't really any religions that link murder with creation, but the
Mithraism religion does as it believes that God himself asked Mithra to kill a bull. In summary, these are the ways in which the Mithraist belief system
is unique and significantly important to understanding the mindset of ancient history. The Second way in which Mithraism is known to be a key
religion that shaped the faces of other religions is through its practices and rituals. The Mithraist religion believes and practices many things to heighten
their relationship with their faith and bring them all together. The main practice of the Mithraism faith is December 25 which is known to be Mithras's
date of birthday. Insight of this celebration is stated through the words 'the birthday of Mithras was 25
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Relationship Between Science And Religion
Within philosophy, there has long been a question about the relationship between science and religion. These two systems of human experience have
undoubtedly had a lot of influence in the course of mankind's development. The philosopher Ian Barbour created a taxonomy regarding science and
religion that has become widely influential. His taxonomy postulates that there are four ways in which science and religion are thought to interact. The
four categories are: conflict, independence, dialogue, and integration. By using articles from a select few philosophers, theologians, and scientists, it is
clear to see the ways in which these two systems of human experience are categorized in the four categories presented by Ian barbour. However, it will
be apparent that the category of conflict may be seen as the most dominant in regard to the interaction between science and religion.
The first category that will be explained is conflict. This is optimally categorized with the statement that, "Science and religion investigate common
questions, but their theories contradict one another and so compete with one another for our acceptance." (Pojman 562). With the view of conflict, it is
believed that science and religion overlap in regard to the quest for truth, but their methods and findings are contradictory. This theory is most
commonly held by religious fundamentalists, those that believe in strictly literal translation of scripture; and the more recent movement of new
atheism that is
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Belief Systems in Macbeth
Belief systems play an important role in the lives of humans as they govern a person's thoughts, words and actions and often reflect the predominant
values of a specific period in time. In Shakespeare's play Macbeth, three different belief systems are present: belief of the Supernatural, the Great
Chain of Being and Divine Justice. Belief in the Supernatural is the belief that factors such as fate, astrology and nature determine the path of a
person's life and may become self–fulfilling prophesies. The Great Chain of Being is the belief in hierarchical systems that once disrupted will result in
chaos. Lastly, Divine Justice is the belief that all actions will be reciprocated, either though punishment or reward. Each of these systems share... Show
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Her guilt is evident when she is sleepwalking and says, "Here's the smell of the blood still. All the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little
hand." (5.1.50–52) Shortly after, during the attack on Macbeth to claim the throne for Malcolm, Macbeth hears a woman's scream and questions,
"Wherefore was that cry?", Seyton responds, "The Queen, my lord, is dead." (5.5.15–16) Lady Macbeth kills King Duncan, and this reveals that while
she does capture the throne, her days as the sovereign queen are short–lived. The disruption continues when Macbeth follows through with his wife's
plans and kills the King of Scotland. He says to Lady Macbeth, "I have done the deed." (2.2.15) Unbeknownst to Macbeth, the witches placed a spell
on him preventing him from being able to sleep if he killed the king.
Sleep shall neither night nor dayHang upon his penthouse lid.He shall live a man forbid.Weary sev'nnights nine times nineShall he dwindle, peak and
pine. (1.3.19–23)
Unable to sleep, Macbeth is unable to function properly, and starts to see the ghost of Banquo, who he had just had murdered by assassins. Avaunt, and
quit my sight! Let the earth hide thee!Thy bones are marrowless, thy blood is cold;Thou hast no speculation in those eyesWhich thou dost glare with!
(3.4.94–97)
This suggests that Macbeth is feeling guilty for killing his friend and suffers mentally as a result. The disruption of
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Essay on Christian Belief System
Christian Belief System (known as Holy week), John 12:20–26 offers the reader a cohesive argument to the wider purpose of the fourth Gospel. John
12:20–26 also offers the reader an interesting passage to interpret, both for the content itself and within the wider context of the book's purpose in
general.
Occurring on the third day (Tuesday) of Holy week this passage seems to occur as a theological centre to the events of that day. As far as the NIV is
concerned, the day's events seem to transpire thusly:
Jesus teaches the lesson of the "fig tree" withering up overnight and the power of prayer "moving mountains"
He enters the Temple and teaches extensively: on the "Two sons and the Vineyard"; on the "Marriage Feast"; on... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Look, the world has gone after him."' To pick up on the words of the Pharisees in verse 19: " whole world has run off after him." I believe the
mention of the "Greeks" here is the inclusion of the last segment of mankind represented in this chapter: the intimate friends of our Lord, those
pilgrims who came from afar to Jerusalem for Passover, and those who opposed Jesus (chief priests, scribes, Pharisees). The Greeks here offer a
contrast to (or a combination of) the groups we have already encountered, those who know Jesus and have an opinion on his ministry, and those who
arguably have no reason to know of him. The Greeks who request to see Jesus not only represent 'the whole world'..., but they stand in contrast to the
Pharisees who are exasperated by Jesus' growing influence. There has been considerable discussion among the scholars as to just who these "Greeks"
are. I am going to avoid any lengthy discussion of the issues involved and simply state my conclusion that it refers to those Gentiles (as elsewhere in
the New Testament, the term refers to Gentiles who come from any part of the Greek–speaking world,) who have come to worship in Jerusalem as it
appears to be more conducive to my argument. These Greeks do not merely wish to look at (i.e. "see") Jesus; they wish to speak with Him, they
arguably have only just heard of the man, but they are interested
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The Belief System Is The Foundation, The Primary Factor...
About beliefs
The belief system is the foundation, the primary factor that makes up your identity.
Your belief system is a set of precepts that guides your daily life, is a set of those basic beliefs that govern your feelings, thoughts, emotions, words,
and actions.
Beliefs are those assumptions you make about the world, about yourself, and about how you expect things to be. Beliefs are about how you think
things really are. What you truly believe actually defines who you are, how you act; and by your actions, you create your destiny. So, your beliefs
create your destiny.
Your view of yourself, your view of others and of the world is the core of yourbelief system. And this is not about science or proofs, this is a personal
choice. This is a major choice that will not impact directly your career, your achievements, your wealth or social status, but will impact the core
meaning and purpose of all this. So, this choice will have the most important impact on the quality of your life.
From the day you are born, your genetic heritage is shaped by your environment, and so, you build up your own image of the world. By the time you
reach an age to look at things more critically, your beliefs have become so engraved that you no longer recognize them as beliefs. They are already
your non–negotiable truths.
While you actually inherit a good part of your deeply ingrained attitudes, behavior patterns and most of your patterns of beliefs, your belief system
results as a kind of
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Core Belief Systems
The logic in theological
In these modern times, most adults have been exposed to a variety of world–views and the ideas that those world–views encompass. There exists a vast
variety of deeply help beliefs throughout the world. These core belief systems can be broadly categorized into three schools of thought. The first is
theism. Theism is the category of belief systems that claim a higher power exists. It can be broken down into many categories such as monotheism,
polytheism, or pantheism, but the primary theistic religions are Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam, Judaism, and Christianity. The second category is atheism.
Atheism is the belief that no higher power exists at all. The third category, which is sometimes considered as a subcategory of both theism and atheism,
is agnosticism. Agnostics claim that there is not sufficient evidence, nor will there ever be, to know whether a higher power does or ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some claim that truth does not exist. Others claim that truth is subjective. To make any progress in searching for the true world–view, a person must
presuppose that truth is real. In fact, even the person who claims that truth does not exist is making a statement that they believe is true. For their
statement to be true, truth must exist. In addition, the person who claims that truth is subjective is making a contradictory statement. If truth is
subjective, then their statement can be false. If their statement is false, then truth is objective and absolute. If truth is objective and absolute, then their
statement is most definitely not true. So, what is truth? For the sake of determining what is true, truth must be defined as the objective, absolute
reflection and affirmation of reality that is supported and not contradicted by fact and logic. This leads to the question of how to determine what is true.
A few foundational truths help to determine what else is true. One of
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Religious Knowledge Vs Indigenous Knowledge
While researching and analyzing information, it is important to consider different perspectives from different sources and experts. However, one
has to ask, how can two experts have two different viewpoints when presented with the same facts? For the purpose of this essay, an 'expert' will be
defined as a person that has an abundant amount of knowledge about a specific subject area or skill and a 'fact' as a piece of information that is
indisputable. Based on the indigenous knowledge system and religious knowledge system an expert is accustomed to, the way that they perceive
knowledge can be altered specifically due to the role of emotion in each knowledge system.
The indigenous knowledge system of an expert and the emotional connection of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I myself am a Catholic, and I believe in one God, Jesus is the son of God, and the teachings in the Bible. I would consider myself to be an expert on
catholicism because I have an abundant amount of knowledge on catholicism and the Bible, and I would consider leaders of the Catholic Church,
such as Pope Francis, to also be experts of catholicism due to their abundant amount of information about catholicism. While I am not saying that I am
equal to the pope and his devotion to God, I do know that we share common beliefs within our religious knowledge system. We each are devoted to our
religion due to our faith that we have in God as well as our deep emotional connection to Him. Personally, I am emotionally connected to my beliefs
because I am able to practice my religion with my family members, which is an emotional connection I have to my religion. My emotion is what
causes me to have certain beliefs within my own religious knowledge system, and while I cannot speak for the Pope, it is evident that the Pope has a
deep emotional connection to the Virgin Mary as evident by his actions. Redemptorist Fr. Sabatino Majorano who is a professor at Rome's
Alphonsianum Institute, has noticed that Pope Francis has a "more personal, more intimate" relationship with Mary (Wooden and Catholic News
Service). The Pope has been seen to kiss and touch the statue of the Virgin Mary, which is seen in the religious community as very emotional (Wooden
and Catholic News Service). It is evident that the Pope has a strong emotional connection to catholicism, specifically through his devotion to the Virgin
Mary, and thus, both the Pope and I use our emotional connection within our religious knowledge system to form our beliefs. Emotion has allowed
these conclusions among experts to be drawn. It can then be concluded that experts from the same
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Scientology Belief System
This article is about the belief system and practices. For the organization, see Church of Scientology. For other uses, see Scientology (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with Religious Science or Christian Science.
Scientology
Scientology Symbol Logo.png
The Scientology symbol is composed of the letter S, which stands for Scientology, and the ARC and KRC triangles, two important concepts in
Scientology.[1]
Formation1954[2]
TypeCorporation–owned religion[3][4]
HeadquartersGold Base
Riverside County, California[5]
Chairman of Religious Technology Center
David Miscavige
Websitewww.scientology.org
RemarksFlagship facility: Church of Scientology International, Los Angeles, California, USA
Scientology is a body of beliefs and related practices ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In 1978, top–ranking members were convicted of espionage after infiltrating, wiretapping, and stealing documents from the offices of federal attorneys
and the Internal Revenue Service.[14] Members framed a journalist for making bomb threats. In France, Hubbard was tried for fraud and convicted in
absentia, that is, in the absence of defendant Hubbard, who had gone into hiding.[15][16]
In 1986, Hubbard died after years in hiding. David Miscavige emerged as leader of Church of Scientology, while many others practice Scientology
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Religious and Belief Systems in Australia
Religious and Belief Systems in Australia
Q1. Outline the changing patterns of religious adherence in Australia from 1945 to the present.
There has been a lot of change in religious adherence since the end of the Second World War. At the end of the war many Australians still had British
ancestors and so most people were Christian. With immigrants arriving in Australia after the war we started to see new religions grow. Orthodox
Christians came from places like Greece, for example. The Catholics have continued to grow in numbers while some other Christian faiths have
decreased in size. One reason why the Catholic Church is growing is because of the arrival of immigrants from places like Africa and the Philippines.
With the arrival of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There used to be a time when most people stuck with the religion that their parents followed. These days more people are choosing denominational
switching. This means that many people are no longer making life long commitments to one church in particular. They are more likely to go
wherever they feel comfortable and look for a church that suits their needs.New age religions were among the fastest growing faiths in the 2001
census, increasing by 140 percent in the five years since 1996. New age religions differ from other faiths in that, while together they form an overall
spiritual movement, they nonetheless lack any singles unifying creed or doctrine. Adherents do tend to share some similar beliefs and practices, which
are often grafted onto other, more formalised religious beliefs.
Another reason for denominational switching is that some parents separate or get divorced. Surveys have shown that children from families that have
broken up are more likely to stop following the family religion. A study of people in Catholic and Protestant churches found the following pattern: If a
family was broken up because of divorce, Catholics were 1.7 times more likely to switch to a moderate protestant church and 2.6 times more likely to
switch to a conservative protestant church.
For many years there has been a number of Australians who describe themselves as having no religion on the census. In the 2011 census, (http:/
/www.abs.gov.au )22.3% of the
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Christian Belief System
Belief systems is in some way apart of one's religion form or other has been an essential element in the life and culture of humankind throughout the
ages, going back far beyond the threshold of history. As a Christian I have always expressed a need to understand natural phenomenon regarding the
way of life and what happens once we die. These needs resulted in the development of a variety of religions and philosophies that can be found
throughout the world today.. However,Christianity which evolved from Judaism, there are certain concepts that these two religions share. For example,
both Jews and Christians subscribe to the Ten Commandments found in the Book of Exodus. In addition, prophecies of Jewish prophets contained in
several books of the Old Testament stated thatGod would send a savior, or messiah, to the people of Israel. While Judaism clearly states that ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There is no underlying belief structure for most people, just a bunch of random opinions. In fact, many simply answer survey questions as though
they are flipping a coin.Though some political sophisticates do structure their opinions in a larger ideological framework, such structure is rare.
This level of political sophistication (one's "level of conceptualization") is correlated positively with the respondent's level of education, degree of
political involvement, and amount of political information. Most people do not have strong belief systems; that is, they do not think ideologically.
Most people do not interpret politics through an ideological lens. I have always observe and was curious about the religion Islam which translated
from Arabic mean to submit to the will of allah, is the youngest of the world's major religions. Under Mohammed's leadership, the basic teachings of
Islam were established, which are known as the Five Pillars of Islam. Every Muslim is expected to follow these rules in order to lead an ethical
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
The Separation of Church and State in America Should NOT...
Religion is the most influential factor in human society. It is the core of our existence and has become a way of life in all cultures. The impact religion
has had on the United States is overwhelming. This country was founded on the principle of Christianity. Thomas Jefferson drafted the Declaration of
Independence, and James Madison articulated our countries' constitution with the belief that the Christian faith would establish and govern this great
society. Merriam–Webster's online dictionary defines religion as, " any specific system of belief, worship, conduct, etc., often involving a code of ethics
and a philosophy." (merriam–webster.com) This definition incorporates all individuals.
All American citizens, acknowledging or not, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In reality, what has happened?; just the opposite; our country has slipped away from the Christian foundation. The reason lies in our ignorance of our
beliefs in religion; thus developing an illiteracy that has engulfed us all.
Why so important? The importance of this topic can be seen everywhere. Religion provides us with a set of absolute right and wrongs. With a
Christian–based government there would be no relative morality. With ignorant American citizens battling each other in areas of laws, abortion, the
death penalty, our constitutional rights, and the educational system; just to name a few, we have found ourselves being torn apart at the seams. People
fight each other without a foundation to what they believe. Ken Ham, a well–known speaker on religious values, once wrote,
When attempting to justify why they do or do not have a particular belief, many people today often have many opinions rather than reasons. (Ham 1)
Here we see the importance of being able to give reasons for what we believe. By excluding the Christian faith from government and our society,
relative morality has stepped in. Once again Ken Ham states,
What we are seeing in our society is an outward expression, in more and more of its ferocity, of the rejection of God and his absolutes, and the
growing belief that only human opinions matter. (Ham 2)
Ken Ham illustrates the problem with relative morality,
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Belief Systems In Australia Essay
Introduction: Belief systems have positively affected society, as can be seen in Australia, Switzerland, and my home country Indonesia. Although
conflicts happen because of belief systems, such as the discrimination of indigenous peoples ("United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous
Peoples," 4–5), it will continue to affect the world this way unless certain actions are taken, but I am hopeful that belief systems will continue to be a
positive impact towards the world. Global Perspective: Belief systems play a positive role in maintaining peace in Australia, such as Christians and
Muslims sharing a safe haven together, but Christianity has 3 major positive influences today in Australia: the well–known international band Hillsong,
and it can prove its positive effects by attracting a few hundred thousand people to a camp or a Praise and Worship concert
(Houston, n.p.). This is a positive impact because it helps many Christian families to spend time together while ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Its only positive influence is the promotion of human rights (Sharma, 229). There is only one positive influence because Indonesian Christianity is a
minor religion. Human rights are needed for the growth of a country because it gives equality among peoples and both equality and human rights go
against discrimination ("The Universal Declaration of Human Rights," n.p.). Christianity is a positive influence towards Indonesia because it teaches
Indonesians to help unfortunate people, and prevent discrimination against them, in particular indigenous peoples and the poor ("United Nations
Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples," 4–5). This shows that belief systems benefit Indonesia by helping unfortunate people. As a
Indonesian Christian, I am also willing to help the poor because they live a bad life, whereas I live a good life, going to school, getting good
education, living in a house,
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Essay On Dempster Shafer Theory
RApplication of Dempster–Shafer Theory to patternise students' performance in post graduate studies
Abstract– Entrance examinations for post graduate courses in India like MCA,M.Tech etc happen mainly to select students for these courses.A study
has been undertaken in order to see whether these entrance examinations test the aptitude of the students – if so to what extent and if not to what
extent. In Karnataka these entrance tests are mainly conducted by the Karnataka Examination authority. This paper is part of a doctoral study which
aims at building a decision support system to aid the question paper setting for such examinations. The authors have earlier studied several techniques
to patternise the score of the students with the data and this paper is on application of Dempster–Shafer theory to this scenario. Dempster Shafer theory
is mostly based on belief systems and these systems apply well in the given context, although they have their limitations.
Index Terms– Belief systems,Dempster–Shafer theory, , ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Dempster– Shafer theory has been used as a framework to study these distributions.
IV.METHODOLOGY–DEMPSTER SHAFER THEORY
Dempster– Shafer theory is a theory based upon belief systems. It contains concepts of probability treated in a little different manner. Basically, this
theory is based upon assigning degrees of beliefs to the answers of a certain question. The actual belief that gets assigned to a question will be based
upon the degree of beliefs assigned to related questions.
There are essentially two ideas in this framework. One is to obtain the degree of belief for a question based upon the subjective probabilities for
related questions. The second is to combine all these probabilities for a particular question and generate a belief function for
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Religion Is A System Of Belief
JAINISM RELIGION
Religion is a system of belief in spiritual beings and practices observed by a group of people, institutions, churches, codes related to sacred things
(Horton, 1960). The world has numerous religions with different set of beliefs and perspective. Majority of these religions are centuries old and have
a wide following in different parts of the world depending on their origin. Jainism is one of these oldest religions in the world that have survived to date
with a huge following in Asia especially in the Indian subcontinent (Roy, 1984). The religion has undergone numerous transformations with the most
recent based on the influence of the western religion and colonization in the southern Asia region where it was mainly practiced. With Jainism being in
the Dharmic family of Religions, it is known that the Jainism religion is focus on the believing that we are reincarnated over and over again, making
not just progress in each life, but proceeding with making each life more "perfect" and never going backwards, until once reaching that form of
perfection. In which, in Jainism is known as, "Siddha". Jains believe in making progress, through much effort to learn and mature throughout their
lifetimes. Regarding in having an extremely high tolerance for learning, their libraries are known to being one of the oldest within India and have the
highest rate in literacy in any of the other Indian religions.
This paper explores the Jainism religion on the mythical, ritual,
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
American Political Belief System
American political philosophies are minor departure from established progressivism. Thus, these belief systems have a tendency to be horrendously
comparable: almost everyone inside the US, for occasion, trusts in limited government, the free market, and individual freedom. Democrats basically
happen to incline marginally to one side and Republicans somewhat to the best possible. Contrasts emerge between these 2 groups as an after effect of
each gathering contains a marginally totally distinctive supposition on however best to understand these objectives. American political belief systems,
similar to all others, aren't solid. Republicans customarily beset diverse Republicans, and Democrats frequently harrow distinctive Democrats. At last, in
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Religion As An Indispensable Facet Of The Book ' The...
Religion functions as an indispensable facet of the book which is really significant in parliamentary procedure to make the reader understand the
characters' lives. The faith that is described in the novel is called "The Pentecostal religion." The Pentecostal is a religion where divorce is not allowed,
drinking/partying was prohibited and the individual must attend a church. Religion intrigued me because it was strict and how it plays a major role in
all characters' lives. Likewise, similar to Hinduism which is my religion where divorce is not seen as respected things to do as well as partying and
drinking. Most of the characters are connected into Pentecostal religion, even if they don't follow every rule and regulation of that belief. A word
"Sinner" (69) was very interesting because a sinner in this book implies to the soul who is in the religion but does not follow the restrictions that this
religion implies and does not go to the church. I realize that every character in this book such as Clay, Cake, Alma, and an Anneth is sinners except for
Easter.
Anneth can be categorized as a sinner because she is in the Pentecostal religion but does not conform to their belief system. Being wild is restricted in
Pentecostal religion, but Anneth "would sometimes come in at three o'clock in the morning, smelling of liquor, a cigarette always running her pretty
hand" (17) and Easter also said "Anneth had been wild, maybe the wildest woman in Crow County, Kentucky" (17) which
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Martel 's Life Of Pi
Does Martel's Life of Pi treatment of religion give power to God or does it give power to works of fiction? Instead of giving power to the one versus
the other, Martel is not trying to get the reader to believe in God, to prove his existence, but rather there is a justification of a person's individual right
to choose in believing in God. Life of Pi doesn't try to question religion as an institution, but rather there is a focus on the debate between fact and
fiction where "Martel's position is a postmodernist one, from the perspective of which God's existence has the same status in relation to truth and
reality as Pi's experience of shipwreck" (Stratton 6). In Martel's work there isn't a focus on what is to be more believable in either fiction or
religion, but rather how there are no other alternative in between the two. During Pi's journey in the first story, he does not spend a lot of time
thinking on and expressing his religious beliefs. There is more of a focus on the energy he has going towards basic human survival. Though God
seems to be a presence in life as he thanks God for his survival, " Vishnu preserve me, Allah protect me, Christ save me," he cries out shortly after he
finds himself in the lifeboat " ( Martel 108). There doesn't seem to be a presence of God in the second, realistic story. There is mention of God, "God
is notably absent throughout the events narrated, leaving human beings alone in the material universe, living in a state of exile from
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Buddhism Belief System
A belief system is something that answers unexplained questions about life and the universe. The belief system Buddhism is a philosophy, meaning
it's faith in group of ideas instead of gods or goddesses. It was founded in India by a prince named Siddhartha Gautama who found enlightenment by
meditating. A Buddhist's goal of life is to reachnirvana and be one with the universe. One of the oldest belief systems of the world, Buddhism, has
affected the lives of its followers in many ways. Specifically, one way Buddhism has affected its followers is by not having a central authority that is
more important or higher above the other people in this philosophy. Unlike the caste system in Hinduism, Buddhists are more equal and combined
together almost as one single community. No one feels left out of or overpowered by a sole body. Instead of a structure of statuses, Buddhism... Show
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Believers of the philosophy worship the founder of Buddhism in many places like at shrines, their homes, in public while making offerings of things
such as flowers, food or even incense (Thurman, 2015). This is one's way of appreciating what Buddha has done for Buddhism and to show respect.
Most Buddhists also meditate along with the rituals of worship. There are three special holidays that are sacred to Buddha. Robert A.F. Thurman wrote,
"The most important holidays are the Buddha's birthday, the day the Buddha attained enlightenment under the Bodhi tree, and the final days of nirvana
(passing away)" (Thurman, 2015). These days are celebrated on three different days when the moon is full on the fourth lunar month of the year. They
are meant to mark very important times of the past for happy times of a true Buddhist. Ultimately, Buddhists' practices alter their life from what it
would be without acting upon the ideas they believe
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For an example, consider two alternative belief systems A...
For an example, consider two alternative belief systems A and B consisting of beliefs A1, A2 and B1, B2 respectively. There are two beliefs in each
system none of which can justify themselves alone. If A1 в†’ A2 and A2 в†’ A1, then there are 2 inferential connections in A and a high inferential
density. Bonjour says this makes A likely. However, if only B1 в†’ B2 and not vice versa, then there is only 1 non
–mutual inferential connection in B
and thus a low inferential density. Bonjour suggests that lack of mutual justification makes the whole system of B unjustified since B1 must act
foundationally. From this example, we can see that the coherence of a system is defined to be inversely related to the number of beliefs in the system
and... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ironically, even Bonjour's own account does not fully live up to this claim in the end. For clarity, this initial account ofCoherentism will henceforth be
referred to as Non–foundational Coherentism. As is to be expected, the account of Non–foundational Coherentism is not without its flaws. Firstly,
coherence is still too broadly defined by Bonjour to be useful. To illustrate the issue, consider two newbelief systems A and B. If A is more
inferentially dense but B is less anomalous in content, how do you decide which belief system is more likely? Curiously, Bonjour is largely silent on
this point despite its dramatic consequences. The effect of this observation might lead one to the same skeptical conclusion as McGrew's linear
foundationalism. In fact, this account may be even more troubling; the total number of possible coherent belief systems increases exponentially with
the number of possible explanatory beliefs since such belief systems actually inhabit the powerset of these explanatory beliefs. Secondly, assuming
Bonjour's account of Coherentism, one might encounter a few corner cases where such an account will fail to provide reliable justification entirely.
Consider the case presented by Olsson wherein two eyewitness accounts A1 and A2 describe an event E having occurred. In this example it is
assumed that we do not know if E occurred or who is telling the truth. We first assume that neither account
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The Mormon Belief System
The Mormon belief system has many different principles that are unique and set themselves apart from other world religions, one of which being their
views on cosmology. The Mormon cosmology belief is the description of the physical and metaphysical universe. Their beliefs on the subject are
deeply engrained in the religion's basic faith; cosmology is related to the church's views on divinity, extraterrestrial life, pre–mortal existence, and the
afterlife. Mormon divinity revolves around the core beliefs in exaltation and eternal progression: the idea that mortals will be given an opportunity to
have leading roles in other heavenly kingdoms, themselves. One of the key goals in Mormonism is to achieve exaltation through Jesus's atonement;
as a result they inherit godly attributes. Mormonism holds the belief that people who follow God's example will become like gods in the afterlife,
having "all power, glory, dominion, and knowledge" (LDS Church 227). This belief that people may one day become god–like figures in the afterlife
leads to the assumption that Mormons believe in the existence of other worlds like the one that we live in, that exalted people would be able to rule
over. The teachings of Mormonism also include that the exalted will live with their earthly families in the next life and "have spirit children" (LDS
Church 11), continuing the growth of their families. According to the Mormonism belief, exaltation is obtained only by reaching the most high of the
degrees
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Fideist Belief System
1.Fideism is the belief that the divine is reveled through faith rather than reason. Many strict Christian and Islamic believers adopted this belief system.
Fideists believe that God created the universe. Although there is no visual presence of God, a fideist will trust their faith because it goes beyond what
reason can prove. The Bible says that God created the universe in seven days and that is exactly what a fideist believes. Being persuaded into
believing that something is true does not actually prove that it is true. For instance, as an innocent child you were convinced that Santa Claus is real
and asked questions like "what do you want for Christmas?" but in actuality, there is no Santa Claus. Since you have been told a million of times
about Santa Claus, you will still believe in one even if you are told otherwise. The fideist belief system does not permit testing your own beliefs to filter
out the internal contradictions.
2. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Religious rationalist is someone who has accepted the existence of God and believes it should be consistent with reason and evidence. They are
followers of God that believe that you can secure your place in heaven when God has decided for you to be in a better place. Some fundamentalist
believed that science is in coordination with religion. They believed that God could be seen in the purpose of nature. Defect in science may cause a
dispute between proof that God exists and the conclusions about God's existence. Religious Rationalists believe that the universe began approximately
15 billion years ago with a huge explosion, also known as the big bang theory. The scientific evidence became questionable after a minor setback with
Darwin's theory. The religious rationalists have accepted that God does exist. In fact, they believe God caused the eruption that formed the universe.
And if science was not involved in the creation of the universe then where does gravity come
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

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The Early Belief System

  • 1. The Early Belief System In the early belief systems, people tended to worship deities of nature, such as the earth, sky, river, and other elements of the natural world. People of the early times believed that the elements of the natural world were all inhabited by deities of nature, and that is why events in the natural world were determined by those deities. From this information, I can infer that people relied on the power of gods, especially deities of nature, to explain natural phenomena. They had little understanding or actual evidence to explain natural phenomena. Early belief systems created a bond between people that led to communal rituals and ceremonies. People formed communities with their shared beliefs in deities. In simple words, early belief systems ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 2. Compare And Contrast Plato And Augustine Plato vs. Augustine Plato and Augustine both great philosophers in the time of the Greeks. Though both philosophers, they both have different ideas and thoughts about the world. Plato and Augustine taught through different stories and tales. The belief and views of Plato are influenced by the stories told by his teacher Socrates. Socrates told the story of The Allegory of the Cave a story of which Plato based his beliefs on. The story of The Allegory of the Cave indicates that humans are creatures of habit and grow up on one belief. When this belief is disrupted by an outside belief it makes them question the belief that they grew up with. Those who believe that outside influence try to help the others around them to believe it as well. Yet the people they try to convince refuse and continue to believe what they have believed their entire life. So, the moral of the story is humans are very against change and stubborn to new concepts. An example of this that connects to today is like trying to get old people to like technology. When technology in the world became a bigger thing some of the elderly accepted it and tried to figure out how to work it. Then there is the other kind of elderly that don't accept it and like still living in the 1940s and 1950s. Plato believes that it is hard for humans to adjust to change and differences in their life. Most of Plato's beliefs do come from the influence of Socrates as he was his teacher and mentor. Augustine on the other hand ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 3. Christian Belief Systems : The Humanist And The Christian... According to Schaffer, in America and most of the western world, a growing issue was the belief system. This issue is mainly the growing difference between two different belief systems: The humanist and the Christian beliefs. The main difference between these two systems is the perception of the final reality of existence, which leads to an impossibility for them to coexist as each one contradicts the other in aspects such as abortion, homosexuality, etc. This creates a problematic among government 's identifying with one or the other when interpreting Law. The Christian belief, as we know is based upon a single God, creator of all things and human beings. This one is based upon the bible and constitutes, according to Schaffer the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... One of the main ideas of A Christian Manifesto is to remind the reader that the state is and was always based upon the principles of God being the supreme law. To elaborate this, Schaffer cites several passages from the New Testament in which the difference between Government and God is explained. Government is there to commend the right and punish the wrong, but this power is given to it by the Creator. In other words, Government is still a servant to God, not his equal. "God has appointed the state as a delegated authority; it is not autonomous" (91). This is what was believed in during the American Revolution and what the humanist belief system is trying to leave behind. Conflict comes when, influenced by humanism, government goes against God 's law in its governing. Using tax money for legal abortion clinics is a good example of this. The response Schaffer considers appropriate is, civil disobedience. When considering civil disobedience, the book cites Samuel Rutherford 's Lex Rex when explaining the steps. For a private individual, there are three levels of disobedience, these are protest, flight and force. Protest should be a legal right in contemporary society and it should always be done peacefully. Flight is a way of defense against the state to avoid the use of force. Force should only be used as means of defense and being limited to prevent ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 4. Belief Systems: Islam and Buddhism Throughout history, the spread of belief systems has influenced regions socially, economically, and politically. Some of these belief systems were Islam and Buddhism. Islam and Buddhism spread and influenced regions socially economically, and politically. Islam was spread to many regions like Spain, Africa and the Songhai empire. As well as being spread it was also influenced socially, economically, and politically. Islam was spread to African societies. In document 1, it states that, Islam was spread to African societies by opening routes and exposing isolated societies to external influences by merchants. In document 3, it states the Askia Mohammed remodeled his empire along Islamic lines as possible. Their new followers converted because they liked Muslim culture. They believed in Allah, their God, and honor Mohammed teachings. Many converted because they liked how they Gov't was run. Mohammed followers spread Islam beyond the Arab world. Islam influenced society, economically, and politically on other regions. In document 1, it states, Muslim men of religion were peacemakers, who pleaded for those who broke the Kings law. According to document 2, Muslims spread the love of art beyond learning. In Spain, Muslims Muslims influence the Spaniards socially. Document 3 states, that legal and social reforms were introduced by judges were appointed in all large districts of the empire. The court of Askia Mohammed was the highest court of the land to which appeals from lower ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 5. The Ethics Of Belief System It is in W. K. Clifford's essay The Ethics of Belief in which the author argues that a belief system based on anything but evidence is immoral. This argument is made in response to Blaise Pascal's suggestion that it is practically reasonable to live as though God exists as there is no loss in the wager itself should God exist or not. The case of a ship owner is offered as an example to illustrate the point for genuine justification. Despite fears that his vessel may not be seaworthy, a ship owner puts those doubts aside and allows the ship, full of emigrants in search of a better life, to set sail. Having safely sailed numerous voyages and weathered many storms in the past, the ship owner felt confident in putting his trust in Providence.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... As previously mentioned, this tale was intended to support the idea of an evidence based belief system. Clifford is of the mind that one's beliefs are not his own but rather common property being guided by "that general conception of the course of things which has been created by society for social purposes (p.238)." The idea here is that one has a responsibility to help create the world for their children, their future. Due to the enormity of this obligation, it is crucial that this notion be applied to all beliefs. In doing so, this aids and strengthens the common goodness of humankind. We must all question, and find evidence in, what we believe; no one is excused from this universal duty. By dismissing evidence, man may "keep alive the fatal superstitions which clog his race (p.238)." While it is agreed that this obligation is no easy task, the result is suggested to provide happiness and security in knowing how to deal with any situation. Allow me to support Clifford's premise by sharing a story from a recently watched episode of This American Life about a Texas rancher who cloned Chance, his beloved 19–year old Brahman ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 6. Ancient Belief System The ancient belief systems of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam were more different because Muslims believe that the Koran corrects the other holy texts, which leads to a difference in their beliefs. All three religions have different holy texts. They also have different stories about people such as Muhammed and Jesus which play different but influential roles in each religion. Some might argue that there are more similarities amongst the beliefs of the Jews, Christians and Muslims because they all believe in the same God. Still, the three religions are far more different than similar Islam requires a pilgrimage in Islam, and Christians and Jews don't. During 3200 B.C.E through 600 C.E the three religions were founded and all originated in the middle east. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The Qur'an states that the Jews and Christians manipulated with the holy texts. Muslims didn't fully accept the beliefs of Jews because they didn't believe that what they were worshiping in the Torah was correct, these religions don't meet eye to eye on beliefs found in their holy books which shows their differences. The constitution of Medina states, "The Jews who follow us shall have aid and equality". Although Muslims believe that they are equal to the Jewish people, the fact that they don't believe the Torah is accurate they still question their beliefs and can't fully agree with them. The Qur'an states, "The Jews and the Christians say: 'we are the children of God and his loved ones.' Say: 'why then does he punish you for your sins? Surely you are mortals of his own creation". Muslims question the beliefs of the Jews and Christians because they believe that they are worshipping the wrong texts and don't have the correct information which is why they have strict beliefs about what they think is right according to the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 7. The Importance Of Belief Systems And Ideology Belief systems and ideologies use customs, rituals, sacred texts and ceremonies to communicate values and beliefs.Divided mainly as Religious and non–religious/political systems in that Belief systems require a central power, God, or deity/deities as the foundation of the system. The idea of a central being leading the adherents is of utmost importance as the teachings and beliefs are embodied in this figure as well as stories and myths of earth's creation, and the purpose of human existence. However Ideologies are identified as social movements that serve the demands of contemporary society. They both apply to the adherents values and beliefs. For instance in Buddhism, Buddhist's express their values and beliefs and perception on the world around them through the use meditation, and chanting to cultivate mindfulness ritualistically and routinely. As well as following the teachings of the Drama, the and Pali Canon which consists of 3 discourses 1. 'Sutra' word of the Buddha 2. 'Vinya' dishpan of the 'Sangha'/ The brotherhood, and the 'Abidharma' a set of creeds based on essential teachings) as a guide to follow 'the 5 precepts', '4 nobel truths', '8 fold path' and 'the middle way' to live out compassion and loving kindness in order to earn merit and reach inner peace and enlightenment to become a fully aware becoming the Buddha and to reach ultimate goal of going to Nirvana. Buddhists at the micro level express their values and beliefs through participating in devotional ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 8. Religion As An Indispensable Facet Of The Book ' The... Religion functions as an indispensable facet of the book which is really significant in parliamentary procedure to make the reader understand the characters' lives. The faith that is described in the novel is called "The Pentecostal religion." The Pentecostal is a religion where divorce is not allowed, drinking/partying was prohibited and the individual must attend a church. Religion intrigued me because it was strict and how it plays a major role in all characters' lives. Likewise, similar to Hinduism which is my religion where divorce is not seen as respected things to do as well as partying and drinking. Most of the characters are connected into Pentecostal religion, even if they don't follow every rule and regulation of that belief. A word "Sinner" (69) was very interesting because a sinner in this book implies to the soul who is in the religion but does not follow the restrictions that this religion implies and does not go to the church. I realize that every character in this book such as Clay, Cake, Alma, and an Anneth is sinners except for Easter. Anneth can be categorized as a sinner because she is in the Pentecostal religion but does not conform to their belief system. Being wild is restricted in Pentecostal religion, but Anneth "would sometimes come in at three o'clock in the morning, smelling of liquor, a cigarette always running her pretty hand" (17) and Easter also said "Anneth had been wild, maybe the wildest woman in Crow County, Kentucky" (17) which ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 9. Polytheistic Belief Systems In Beowulf As European civilizations began to develop, humans created polytheistic belief systems. These belief systems allowed humanity to define, worship, and comprehend both the natural and supernatural worlds that surrounded them. However, as perceptions of religious beliefs changed, polytheistic belief systems transformed into a monotheistic belief system. Originally governed by the Celtic faith, Britain's belief structure experienced a significant transformation with the conquest of the Anglo–Saxons and their Germanic paganism. Society was struggling to establish its identity within a new belief structure. To ease this integration Christian ideas were founded on the existing pagan ideology. This transition produced a gradual conversion to Christianity. The epic poem "Beowulf", written circa 1000 AD, reflects the unification of Anglo–Saxon pagan concepts with Christian beliefs. ....... The poem, "Beowulf", demonstrates the fusion between these two divergent religious systems in the characterization Grendel, Grendel's mother, and the dragon by utilizing principles from both Christianity and Paganism. A merger of pagan and Christian beliefs that occurs in the poem, "Beowulf" is the representation of Grendel. Grendel's ancestry and evil denote Christian beliefs. Grendel is a descendant of ...the banished monsters Cain's clan, whom the Creator had outlawed And condemned as outcasts. For the killing of Abel ("Beowulf" 105–107). Grendel illustrates the evil found within Christian beliefs. ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 10. The Hindu Belief System The sculpture is a bronze object that is extremely detailed. It is a sculpture of a lady with a head dress that's standing in top of another woman's shoulders. The Dancing Shiva is an important object in the Hindus religion. It's important because the sculpture represents the blessing of the world and symbolizes that you should fear the world. Hinduism is a major religion and religious tradition of South Asia, the oldest worldwide religion, characterized by a belief in reincarnation with a large amount of gods and goddesses. Many people take part in the Hindu belief system actually fifteen percent of the world to be exact; in fact approximately one billion people in the world practice Hinduism and that's fifteen percent of the world's population. This religion was created about five thousand years ago in India. This religion was so popular based on its polytheistic beliefs, which is the beliefs in many gods. They also would tend to make up new gods based on individual beliefs. Hindus also believed that that god is present everywhere. The social life of Hindus is replete with celebrations and festive occasions that allow them to come together as a community and celebrate their common culture. Here're some of the most popular Hindu festivals Diwali the Festival of Lights, and Holi the Festival of Colors. These festivals are very popular and are celebrated worldwide throughout the Hindus civilization ("Hinduism." World Mark). The Hindus also developed ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 11. Our Belief Systems And Values Life is full of mysteries. From childhood, people became curious of things that surround them. Humans experience pain and pleasure through the senses. However the environment plays a major cause of everyone's behaviors. When people grow older, they become curious. They start asking questions such as; where did we come from and why we are here? To help us understand these questions better, we should first find who we are. For this reason, it is essential to define our belief system and identify our current values to help us understand ourselves better. A belief system is the essential elements that shaped our set of values for which we base everything we do. Religion has been around for thousands of years. Some people believed in many ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... "All religions have their accepted dogma, or articles of belief, that follower must accept without question. This can lead to inflexibility and intolerance in the face of other beliefs" (Brahm, 2005). For this reason, conflict can easily break out among people of different beliefs. Historical events showed what happened to the Jewish people in Germany during World War II. Because of their different beliefs, they were sent to concentration camps. Another example is the genocide in Rwanda. "In just 100 days, following a government coup in early April, some 800,000 Rwandans were ruthlessly murdered by their countrymen" (Haynes, 2002). History reveled that religion can be one of the greatest causes of conflict among people of different beliefs. The world today is composed of many religions. Some shared something in common but others have significant differences. I know my religion; however it is imperative for me to know other people's religion to understand people behavior better. It is very important to be knowledgeable about people's beliefs and attitudes toward religion. If all people learned about other religions, they will understand more about how religion ties into the world's events. As a business professional, knowing other people's belief system helps us to communicate better to people of different beliefs. Regardless of how we carry out our lives throughout our daily existence, our values are influenced by our belief system. We ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 12. Belief Systems Dbq Essay During the 6th to 2nd centuries BCE, several challenges contributed to philosophers and leaders revising existing belief systems and developing new ones. Some of the countries where these changes were evident are China, Greece, Egypt, and Mauryan India. As countries developed, differences between members of the same societies emerged and led to conflict and more diversity. Although several different challenges, such as religion, caused leaders to revise existing belief systems and create new ones, ultimately it was the challenges of new methods of education, various wars between countries, and the influence of different cultures that contributed to the new belief systems. Education of the the populations in each separate culture contributed ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Document 2 shows an excerpt of the Torah. This document is from the point of view of Moses, a Jewish prophet, who describes an Egyptian king and his fear of the Israelites joining with his enemies and going to war against him. The Israelites were being used as slaves, but the Egyptian king still recognized how they were powerful and how their culture could change Egypt, so the slaves were deliberately oppressed and given hard labor. Document 5, written by an ancient Greek historian, gives his account of the Peloponnesian War. During this time, Sparta and some other Greek city–states revolted against Athens, because they were unwilling to continue to pay taxes that started when they were allies in the Persian War. Sparta defeated Athens with the help of the Peloponnesian League, so beliefs slightly changed under a new governing power. Document 6 describes how previous wars in India have resulted in the killing and deportation of thousands of people. In this document, King Asoka of the Mauryan Empire brings his change to the current belief system by encouraging people to show proper behavior to people. King Asoka's mention of treating brahmins correctly in the passage indicates that the caste system was still in place after being created over one thousand years before with the Aryan ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 13. Beowulf, The Warriors, And Their Belief System Beowulf is an epic poem that has been handed down orally for centuries, but was finally written down in the eighth century. It is the story of an epic hero, named Beowulf, who travels with his men, the Geats, to conquer the many beasts who terrorize the lands of the Danes. The scops describe Beowulf as "greater and stronger than anyone anywhere in this world"(110–111). This example shows one of many qualities that make Beowulf the epic hero that he is. He uses his strength to demonstrate both the dedication and bravery needed to bring peace and justice to the people who have been terrorized for such a long time. Cultural elements exemplified in Beowulf occur in the aspects of the mead hall, the warriors, and their belief system. The first element occurs in the description of the mead hall. Right before Beowulf's epic battle with the beast, Grendel, who has taken over many of the Dane's possessions and has killed hundreds of men, we glimpse what life is like for the Danes when they were able to live in peace. The scops say the mead hall is "gold shining"(239) and has "beautiful walls; shaped and fastened with iron inside and out, artfully worked"(295–297) and is filled with the "harp's rejoicing call and the poets clear songs"(4–5). Through this description, we can imagine that the Danes are a powerful and bold people. They are powerful by being able to build and retain a mead hall adorned with gold; they are bold because their mead hall is always filled with the joyous ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 14. Personal Principles Of A Belief System A belief system is an ideology or set of principles that helps us to interpret our everyday reality. These principles can be religious, philosophical, or political. Our beliefs can be shaped and influenced by a lot of different factors.Your values describe what is important to you in the way you live your life. For me, my beliefs are highly impacted by where I come from, my neighborhood, my cultural background, and the fact that I am also a girl play a huge part. However, when it comes to sharing your beliefs with someone it can either cause a negative impact or a positive one because everyone has a different set of values with varying degrees of importance given to each value. For example, I come from a family of older parents, which means ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 15. Is Atheism Not A Belief System? Essay What is Atheism? As our society evolves, we continue to perceive norms and morals individually, although, society likes to dictate that we should all be the same. According to our culture, an individual who doesn't believe in the existence of God is an atheist; that is our everyday assumption of someone who is atheist, is just agnostic. Even by just typing into Google, "What is Atheism?" in a matter of 0.34 seconds, it answers that it is a disbelief or lack of belief in the existence of God or gods. But according to an atheist society website, American Atheist, they state that "Atheism is not a belief system nor is it a religion", thus leaving people in a state of confusion on what actually is Atheism. The "religion" in which we know as Atheism has been around for as long as we could imagine, but it reached its peak during the 15th and 16th century. According to PBS's "Secrets of the Dead", no one in these centuries understood the perception of separation between the church and state, therefore the power of the church was being questioned when it came to politics by the secular leaders. In my opinion, this keeps occurring in our society, therefore the nonbelievers' population has increased. Politics and religion keep being treated as one when that shouldn't be the case when it comes to upbringing a country, yet we still go through discrimination each day that goes by. As the medieval period faded, the era we now know as Renaissance developed in Europe; a time known ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 16. Carl Sagan 's Belief Systems Carl Sagan starts by wondering why we have various belief systems. There have been many examples of belief systems and at any time "you would find a set of popular, more or less similar, belief systems" (Sagan, pg. 379). The systems can change in a matter of years or last thousands of years, depending on the support provided to the system from the people. Also, there are always a number of belief systems to choose from. These systems are similar in that they have a comparable reason for their presence. He came to the conclusion that belief systems fulfill a "real human need that [is] not being met by our society" (Sagan, pg. 379). These include medical needs, spiritual needs, or a need to communicate and connect with the rest of society. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Both view the belief systems as offering a different way to satisfy the needs of the public, if the social systems that are in place cannot satisfy those needs. They differ in that Hufford says that it is a criticism of the social system, calling the system indirectly inadequate. Sagan may have held this view as well, but did not discuss it within this article. The idea that belief fulfills a need is accurate. I agree that their observation holds true to society. Taking an example of mainstream religions, many say that they join and practice because they feel closer to a community of like–minded individuals. Carl Sagan's argues for skepticism to be more widely used in a person's daily life. He leads with an example of buying a used car. He goes on to explain that many people will question the dealer about the quality of the car or bring a mechanically inclined friend along. This opens the audience to the idea that many people are already skeptical of certain situations. People have heard stories that used car salesmen may sell malfunctioning cars and will take precautions when purchasing a car. Skepticism is something that is necessary to our lives, because it can prevent us from making a mistake by not asking questions. Sagan wants that skepticism to spread to other beliefs and ideas. As an example of people or ideas people do not question, Sagan uses commercials. Sagan says that commercials are not meant to be questioned about ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 17. The 's Belief System A Worldview Introduction Based upon one's belief system a worldview is developed. This is reflective of the religion an individual associates with. This religion, gives meaning to life, allowing one to gain an understanding of the world. Since this understanding can be interpreted in various ways, people develop differing worldviews. Noting the differences between various forms of faith is extremely important in the health care field in order to promote healing within the patient. The health care professionals must be able to ensure that the form of care being provided does not offend or go against the patient's belief system. Two major religions that exist in the world today are Christianity and Scientology. In Christianity, faith is centered on ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... This allows one to honor the work of God, thus, fulfilling their spiritual need to ensure his/her health. In addition, during his/her walk with God, a relationship and knowledge of God's word and love is obtained. The bible states, "I am the way and the truth and the life," allowing Christian's to gain an understanding of knowledge though God (John 14:6, NIV). Another aspect of Christianity is seen through the biblical teachings, where a connection between one's physical being and spirituality is made. From a health care perspective, this creates a sense of healing as the individual is seen as whole in both a physical and spiritual sense. Jesus died upon the cross as a physical being in one of the most powerful sacrifices in history. Through this act, He defines what it means to live by God's word and through God's love. Therefore, a Christian patient should follow in Jesus' footsteps, defining and glorifying God's love, ensuring that he/she is living through God's word. By achieving glorification of God and correctly living through His word, one becomes spiritually healthy which transfers to physical health as well. With these aspects of Christianity, a health care professional should treat a Christian patient as having intrinsic value; meaning, one is not defined by an illness, but as a child of God, a human ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 18. The Importance Of My Personal Belief System In this paper, I will talk about "gaining a better understanding of my personal belief system, and how culture, race, ethnicity, and values influence me in the helping profession." The focal point of exercise 1.1, is to make us understand how important it is to gain a better understanding of our personal beliefs. I want to personally say, I agree 100% with this philosophy because doing this, will only sweeten our relationships with our clients. I back this statement up with, believing that "one can't manage to help others, if they physically don't understand who they're yet." It is literally impossible for someone to have success in this field or any other fields, if they have no clue on what their personal belief system consists of. Becoming knowledgeable about your personal beliefs will most certainly benefit you, but it will also benefit your relationship with your clients as well. For example, let's say you're a counselor and your client is someone who is having withdrawals about an abortion. And you grew up with the understanding to "never get an abortion, abortions aren't acceptable, and etc". Knowing your beliefs, how would that factor in this process? If it was me, I would actually hear my clients stories, and reasons why she or her family decided to go through with the abortion, moreover I believe that the beliefs that you learned as a child can definitely change as you grow older. Saying this, this will actually result into allowing one to understand their personal ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 19. The Religious Belief System Of Mithraism Mithraism The religious belief system of Mithraism is not something that is heard and practiced by many in the modern world. Although there is not much light shed upon this religion, it is still a belief system with many interesting quality and depth. Mithraism s a religion that is similar to Christianity, as it follows similar principles and beliefs, but what they believe in and why they believe it is quite different as it originated in first century B.C. in Greece by Iranians. It stands independently as a religion with many practices that must gain more recognition. This is because their belief system can be dated back to ancient history, with faith that was rooted through different virtues. Not only that, but many rituals and... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... This statement indicates the uniqueness of this religion because unlike other belief systems that originated from ancient Greece, Mithraism follows monotheism and not a polytheist lifestyle. The final way in which the Mithraism is a distinctive religion is through the belief that the creation of the world was formed through slaughtering a lamb. A recent reading indicates 'Mithra and ordered him to sacrifice the bull. Mithra executed the order reluctantly; in many reliefs he is seen turning aside his face in sorrow. But at the very moment of the death of the bull, a great miracle happened' (Merkelbach). This fact indicates the distinctiveness of this religion because there aren't really any religions that link murder with creation, but the Mithraism religion does as it believes that God himself asked Mithra to kill a bull. In summary, these are the ways in which the Mithraist belief system is unique and significantly important to understanding the mindset of ancient history. The Second way in which Mithraism is known to be a key religion that shaped the faces of other religions is through its practices and rituals. The Mithraist religion believes and practices many things to heighten their relationship with their faith and bring them all together. The main practice of the Mithraism faith is December 25 which is known to be Mithras's date of birthday. Insight of this celebration is stated through the words 'the birthday of Mithras was 25 ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 20. Relationship Between Science And Religion Within philosophy, there has long been a question about the relationship between science and religion. These two systems of human experience have undoubtedly had a lot of influence in the course of mankind's development. The philosopher Ian Barbour created a taxonomy regarding science and religion that has become widely influential. His taxonomy postulates that there are four ways in which science and religion are thought to interact. The four categories are: conflict, independence, dialogue, and integration. By using articles from a select few philosophers, theologians, and scientists, it is clear to see the ways in which these two systems of human experience are categorized in the four categories presented by Ian barbour. However, it will be apparent that the category of conflict may be seen as the most dominant in regard to the interaction between science and religion. The first category that will be explained is conflict. This is optimally categorized with the statement that, "Science and religion investigate common questions, but their theories contradict one another and so compete with one another for our acceptance." (Pojman 562). With the view of conflict, it is believed that science and religion overlap in regard to the quest for truth, but their methods and findings are contradictory. This theory is most commonly held by religious fundamentalists, those that believe in strictly literal translation of scripture; and the more recent movement of new atheism that is ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 21. Belief Systems in Macbeth Belief systems play an important role in the lives of humans as they govern a person's thoughts, words and actions and often reflect the predominant values of a specific period in time. In Shakespeare's play Macbeth, three different belief systems are present: belief of the Supernatural, the Great Chain of Being and Divine Justice. Belief in the Supernatural is the belief that factors such as fate, astrology and nature determine the path of a person's life and may become self–fulfilling prophesies. The Great Chain of Being is the belief in hierarchical systems that once disrupted will result in chaos. Lastly, Divine Justice is the belief that all actions will be reciprocated, either though punishment or reward. Each of these systems share... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Her guilt is evident when she is sleepwalking and says, "Here's the smell of the blood still. All the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand." (5.1.50–52) Shortly after, during the attack on Macbeth to claim the throne for Malcolm, Macbeth hears a woman's scream and questions, "Wherefore was that cry?", Seyton responds, "The Queen, my lord, is dead." (5.5.15–16) Lady Macbeth kills King Duncan, and this reveals that while she does capture the throne, her days as the sovereign queen are short–lived. The disruption continues when Macbeth follows through with his wife's plans and kills the King of Scotland. He says to Lady Macbeth, "I have done the deed." (2.2.15) Unbeknownst to Macbeth, the witches placed a spell on him preventing him from being able to sleep if he killed the king. Sleep shall neither night nor dayHang upon his penthouse lid.He shall live a man forbid.Weary sev'nnights nine times nineShall he dwindle, peak and pine. (1.3.19–23) Unable to sleep, Macbeth is unable to function properly, and starts to see the ghost of Banquo, who he had just had murdered by assassins. Avaunt, and quit my sight! Let the earth hide thee!Thy bones are marrowless, thy blood is cold;Thou hast no speculation in those eyesWhich thou dost glare with! (3.4.94–97) This suggests that Macbeth is feeling guilty for killing his friend and suffers mentally as a result. The disruption of ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 22. Essay on Christian Belief System Christian Belief System (known as Holy week), John 12:20–26 offers the reader a cohesive argument to the wider purpose of the fourth Gospel. John 12:20–26 also offers the reader an interesting passage to interpret, both for the content itself and within the wider context of the book's purpose in general. Occurring on the third day (Tuesday) of Holy week this passage seems to occur as a theological centre to the events of that day. As far as the NIV is concerned, the day's events seem to transpire thusly: Jesus teaches the lesson of the "fig tree" withering up overnight and the power of prayer "moving mountains" He enters the Temple and teaches extensively: on the "Two sons and the Vineyard"; on the "Marriage Feast"; on... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Look, the world has gone after him."' To pick up on the words of the Pharisees in verse 19: " whole world has run off after him." I believe the mention of the "Greeks" here is the inclusion of the last segment of mankind represented in this chapter: the intimate friends of our Lord, those pilgrims who came from afar to Jerusalem for Passover, and those who opposed Jesus (chief priests, scribes, Pharisees). The Greeks here offer a contrast to (or a combination of) the groups we have already encountered, those who know Jesus and have an opinion on his ministry, and those who arguably have no reason to know of him. The Greeks who request to see Jesus not only represent 'the whole world'..., but they stand in contrast to the Pharisees who are exasperated by Jesus' growing influence. There has been considerable discussion among the scholars as to just who these "Greeks" are. I am going to avoid any lengthy discussion of the issues involved and simply state my conclusion that it refers to those Gentiles (as elsewhere in the New Testament, the term refers to Gentiles who come from any part of the Greek–speaking world,) who have come to worship in Jerusalem as it appears to be more conducive to my argument. These Greeks do not merely wish to look at (i.e. "see") Jesus; they wish to speak with Him, they arguably have only just heard of the man, but they are interested ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 23. The Belief System Is The Foundation, The Primary Factor... About beliefs The belief system is the foundation, the primary factor that makes up your identity. Your belief system is a set of precepts that guides your daily life, is a set of those basic beliefs that govern your feelings, thoughts, emotions, words, and actions. Beliefs are those assumptions you make about the world, about yourself, and about how you expect things to be. Beliefs are about how you think things really are. What you truly believe actually defines who you are, how you act; and by your actions, you create your destiny. So, your beliefs create your destiny. Your view of yourself, your view of others and of the world is the core of yourbelief system. And this is not about science or proofs, this is a personal choice. This is a major choice that will not impact directly your career, your achievements, your wealth or social status, but will impact the core meaning and purpose of all this. So, this choice will have the most important impact on the quality of your life. From the day you are born, your genetic heritage is shaped by your environment, and so, you build up your own image of the world. By the time you reach an age to look at things more critically, your beliefs have become so engraved that you no longer recognize them as beliefs. They are already your non–negotiable truths. While you actually inherit a good part of your deeply ingrained attitudes, behavior patterns and most of your patterns of beliefs, your belief system results as a kind of ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 24. Core Belief Systems The logic in theological In these modern times, most adults have been exposed to a variety of world–views and the ideas that those world–views encompass. There exists a vast variety of deeply help beliefs throughout the world. These core belief systems can be broadly categorized into three schools of thought. The first is theism. Theism is the category of belief systems that claim a higher power exists. It can be broken down into many categories such as monotheism, polytheism, or pantheism, but the primary theistic religions are Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam, Judaism, and Christianity. The second category is atheism. Atheism is the belief that no higher power exists at all. The third category, which is sometimes considered as a subcategory of both theism and atheism, is agnosticism. Agnostics claim that there is not sufficient evidence, nor will there ever be, to know whether a higher power does or ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Some claim that truth does not exist. Others claim that truth is subjective. To make any progress in searching for the true world–view, a person must presuppose that truth is real. In fact, even the person who claims that truth does not exist is making a statement that they believe is true. For their statement to be true, truth must exist. In addition, the person who claims that truth is subjective is making a contradictory statement. If truth is subjective, then their statement can be false. If their statement is false, then truth is objective and absolute. If truth is objective and absolute, then their statement is most definitely not true. So, what is truth? For the sake of determining what is true, truth must be defined as the objective, absolute reflection and affirmation of reality that is supported and not contradicted by fact and logic. This leads to the question of how to determine what is true. A few foundational truths help to determine what else is true. One of ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 25. Religious Knowledge Vs Indigenous Knowledge While researching and analyzing information, it is important to consider different perspectives from different sources and experts. However, one has to ask, how can two experts have two different viewpoints when presented with the same facts? For the purpose of this essay, an 'expert' will be defined as a person that has an abundant amount of knowledge about a specific subject area or skill and a 'fact' as a piece of information that is indisputable. Based on the indigenous knowledge system and religious knowledge system an expert is accustomed to, the way that they perceive knowledge can be altered specifically due to the role of emotion in each knowledge system. The indigenous knowledge system of an expert and the emotional connection of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... I myself am a Catholic, and I believe in one God, Jesus is the son of God, and the teachings in the Bible. I would consider myself to be an expert on catholicism because I have an abundant amount of knowledge on catholicism and the Bible, and I would consider leaders of the Catholic Church, such as Pope Francis, to also be experts of catholicism due to their abundant amount of information about catholicism. While I am not saying that I am equal to the pope and his devotion to God, I do know that we share common beliefs within our religious knowledge system. We each are devoted to our religion due to our faith that we have in God as well as our deep emotional connection to Him. Personally, I am emotionally connected to my beliefs because I am able to practice my religion with my family members, which is an emotional connection I have to my religion. My emotion is what causes me to have certain beliefs within my own religious knowledge system, and while I cannot speak for the Pope, it is evident that the Pope has a deep emotional connection to the Virgin Mary as evident by his actions. Redemptorist Fr. Sabatino Majorano who is a professor at Rome's Alphonsianum Institute, has noticed that Pope Francis has a "more personal, more intimate" relationship with Mary (Wooden and Catholic News Service). The Pope has been seen to kiss and touch the statue of the Virgin Mary, which is seen in the religious community as very emotional (Wooden and Catholic News Service). It is evident that the Pope has a strong emotional connection to catholicism, specifically through his devotion to the Virgin Mary, and thus, both the Pope and I use our emotional connection within our religious knowledge system to form our beliefs. Emotion has allowed these conclusions among experts to be drawn. It can then be concluded that experts from the same ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 26. Scientology Belief System This article is about the belief system and practices. For the organization, see Church of Scientology. For other uses, see Scientology (disambiguation). Not to be confused with Religious Science or Christian Science. Scientology Scientology Symbol Logo.png The Scientology symbol is composed of the letter S, which stands for Scientology, and the ARC and KRC triangles, two important concepts in Scientology.[1] Formation1954[2] TypeCorporation–owned religion[3][4] HeadquartersGold Base Riverside County, California[5] Chairman of Religious Technology Center David Miscavige Websitewww.scientology.org RemarksFlagship facility: Church of Scientology International, Los Angeles, California, USA Scientology is a body of beliefs and related practices ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... In 1978, top–ranking members were convicted of espionage after infiltrating, wiretapping, and stealing documents from the offices of federal attorneys and the Internal Revenue Service.[14] Members framed a journalist for making bomb threats. In France, Hubbard was tried for fraud and convicted in absentia, that is, in the absence of defendant Hubbard, who had gone into hiding.[15][16] In 1986, Hubbard died after years in hiding. David Miscavige emerged as leader of Church of Scientology, while many others practice Scientology ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 27. Religious and Belief Systems in Australia Religious and Belief Systems in Australia Q1. Outline the changing patterns of religious adherence in Australia from 1945 to the present. There has been a lot of change in religious adherence since the end of the Second World War. At the end of the war many Australians still had British ancestors and so most people were Christian. With immigrants arriving in Australia after the war we started to see new religions grow. Orthodox Christians came from places like Greece, for example. The Catholics have continued to grow in numbers while some other Christian faiths have decreased in size. One reason why the Catholic Church is growing is because of the arrival of immigrants from places like Africa and the Philippines. With the arrival of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... There used to be a time when most people stuck with the religion that their parents followed. These days more people are choosing denominational switching. This means that many people are no longer making life long commitments to one church in particular. They are more likely to go wherever they feel comfortable and look for a church that suits their needs.New age religions were among the fastest growing faiths in the 2001 census, increasing by 140 percent in the five years since 1996. New age religions differ from other faiths in that, while together they form an overall spiritual movement, they nonetheless lack any singles unifying creed or doctrine. Adherents do tend to share some similar beliefs and practices, which are often grafted onto other, more formalised religious beliefs. Another reason for denominational switching is that some parents separate or get divorced. Surveys have shown that children from families that have broken up are more likely to stop following the family religion. A study of people in Catholic and Protestant churches found the following pattern: If a family was broken up because of divorce, Catholics were 1.7 times more likely to switch to a moderate protestant church and 2.6 times more likely to switch to a conservative protestant church. For many years there has been a number of Australians who describe themselves as having no religion on the census. In the 2011 census, (http:/ /www.abs.gov.au )22.3% of the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 28. Christian Belief System Belief systems is in some way apart of one's religion form or other has been an essential element in the life and culture of humankind throughout the ages, going back far beyond the threshold of history. As a Christian I have always expressed a need to understand natural phenomenon regarding the way of life and what happens once we die. These needs resulted in the development of a variety of religions and philosophies that can be found throughout the world today.. However,Christianity which evolved from Judaism, there are certain concepts that these two religions share. For example, both Jews and Christians subscribe to the Ten Commandments found in the Book of Exodus. In addition, prophecies of Jewish prophets contained in several books of the Old Testament stated thatGod would send a savior, or messiah, to the people of Israel. While Judaism clearly states that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... There is no underlying belief structure for most people, just a bunch of random opinions. In fact, many simply answer survey questions as though they are flipping a coin.Though some political sophisticates do structure their opinions in a larger ideological framework, such structure is rare. This level of political sophistication (one's "level of conceptualization") is correlated positively with the respondent's level of education, degree of political involvement, and amount of political information. Most people do not have strong belief systems; that is, they do not think ideologically. Most people do not interpret politics through an ideological lens. I have always observe and was curious about the religion Islam which translated from Arabic mean to submit to the will of allah, is the youngest of the world's major religions. Under Mohammed's leadership, the basic teachings of Islam were established, which are known as the Five Pillars of Islam. Every Muslim is expected to follow these rules in order to lead an ethical ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 29. The Separation of Church and State in America Should NOT... Religion is the most influential factor in human society. It is the core of our existence and has become a way of life in all cultures. The impact religion has had on the United States is overwhelming. This country was founded on the principle of Christianity. Thomas Jefferson drafted the Declaration of Independence, and James Madison articulated our countries' constitution with the belief that the Christian faith would establish and govern this great society. Merriam–Webster's online dictionary defines religion as, " any specific system of belief, worship, conduct, etc., often involving a code of ethics and a philosophy." (merriam–webster.com) This definition incorporates all individuals. All American citizens, acknowledging or not, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... In reality, what has happened?; just the opposite; our country has slipped away from the Christian foundation. The reason lies in our ignorance of our beliefs in religion; thus developing an illiteracy that has engulfed us all. Why so important? The importance of this topic can be seen everywhere. Religion provides us with a set of absolute right and wrongs. With a Christian–based government there would be no relative morality. With ignorant American citizens battling each other in areas of laws, abortion, the death penalty, our constitutional rights, and the educational system; just to name a few, we have found ourselves being torn apart at the seams. People fight each other without a foundation to what they believe. Ken Ham, a well–known speaker on religious values, once wrote, When attempting to justify why they do or do not have a particular belief, many people today often have many opinions rather than reasons. (Ham 1) Here we see the importance of being able to give reasons for what we believe. By excluding the Christian faith from government and our society, relative morality has stepped in. Once again Ken Ham states, What we are seeing in our society is an outward expression, in more and more of its ferocity, of the rejection of God and his absolutes, and the growing belief that only human opinions matter. (Ham 2) Ken Ham illustrates the problem with relative morality,
  • 30. ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 31. Belief Systems In Australia Essay Introduction: Belief systems have positively affected society, as can be seen in Australia, Switzerland, and my home country Indonesia. Although conflicts happen because of belief systems, such as the discrimination of indigenous peoples ("United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples," 4–5), it will continue to affect the world this way unless certain actions are taken, but I am hopeful that belief systems will continue to be a positive impact towards the world. Global Perspective: Belief systems play a positive role in maintaining peace in Australia, such as Christians and Muslims sharing a safe haven together, but Christianity has 3 major positive influences today in Australia: the well–known international band Hillsong, and it can prove its positive effects by attracting a few hundred thousand people to a camp or a Praise and Worship concert (Houston, n.p.). This is a positive impact because it helps many Christian families to spend time together while ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Its only positive influence is the promotion of human rights (Sharma, 229). There is only one positive influence because Indonesian Christianity is a minor religion. Human rights are needed for the growth of a country because it gives equality among peoples and both equality and human rights go against discrimination ("The Universal Declaration of Human Rights," n.p.). Christianity is a positive influence towards Indonesia because it teaches Indonesians to help unfortunate people, and prevent discrimination against them, in particular indigenous peoples and the poor ("United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples," 4–5). This shows that belief systems benefit Indonesia by helping unfortunate people. As a Indonesian Christian, I am also willing to help the poor because they live a bad life, whereas I live a good life, going to school, getting good education, living in a house, ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 32. Essay On Dempster Shafer Theory RApplication of Dempster–Shafer Theory to patternise students' performance in post graduate studies Abstract– Entrance examinations for post graduate courses in India like MCA,M.Tech etc happen mainly to select students for these courses.A study has been undertaken in order to see whether these entrance examinations test the aptitude of the students – if so to what extent and if not to what extent. In Karnataka these entrance tests are mainly conducted by the Karnataka Examination authority. This paper is part of a doctoral study which aims at building a decision support system to aid the question paper setting for such examinations. The authors have earlier studied several techniques to patternise the score of the students with the data and this paper is on application of Dempster–Shafer theory to this scenario. Dempster Shafer theory is mostly based on belief systems and these systems apply well in the given context, although they have their limitations. Index Terms– Belief systems,Dempster–Shafer theory, , ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Dempster– Shafer theory has been used as a framework to study these distributions. IV.METHODOLOGY–DEMPSTER SHAFER THEORY Dempster– Shafer theory is a theory based upon belief systems. It contains concepts of probability treated in a little different manner. Basically, this theory is based upon assigning degrees of beliefs to the answers of a certain question. The actual belief that gets assigned to a question will be based upon the degree of beliefs assigned to related questions. There are essentially two ideas in this framework. One is to obtain the degree of belief for a question based upon the subjective probabilities for related questions. The second is to combine all these probabilities for a particular question and generate a belief function for ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 33. Religion Is A System Of Belief JAINISM RELIGION Religion is a system of belief in spiritual beings and practices observed by a group of people, institutions, churches, codes related to sacred things (Horton, 1960). The world has numerous religions with different set of beliefs and perspective. Majority of these religions are centuries old and have a wide following in different parts of the world depending on their origin. Jainism is one of these oldest religions in the world that have survived to date with a huge following in Asia especially in the Indian subcontinent (Roy, 1984). The religion has undergone numerous transformations with the most recent based on the influence of the western religion and colonization in the southern Asia region where it was mainly practiced. With Jainism being in the Dharmic family of Religions, it is known that the Jainism religion is focus on the believing that we are reincarnated over and over again, making not just progress in each life, but proceeding with making each life more "perfect" and never going backwards, until once reaching that form of perfection. In which, in Jainism is known as, "Siddha". Jains believe in making progress, through much effort to learn and mature throughout their lifetimes. Regarding in having an extremely high tolerance for learning, their libraries are known to being one of the oldest within India and have the highest rate in literacy in any of the other Indian religions. This paper explores the Jainism religion on the mythical, ritual, ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 34. American Political Belief System American political philosophies are minor departure from established progressivism. Thus, these belief systems have a tendency to be horrendously comparable: almost everyone inside the US, for occasion, trusts in limited government, the free market, and individual freedom. Democrats basically happen to incline marginally to one side and Republicans somewhat to the best possible. Contrasts emerge between these 2 groups as an after effect of each gathering contains a marginally totally distinctive supposition on however best to understand these objectives. American political belief systems, similar to all others, aren't solid. Republicans customarily beset diverse Republicans, and Democrats frequently harrow distinctive Democrats. At last, in ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 35. Religion As An Indispensable Facet Of The Book ' The... Religion functions as an indispensable facet of the book which is really significant in parliamentary procedure to make the reader understand the characters' lives. The faith that is described in the novel is called "The Pentecostal religion." The Pentecostal is a religion where divorce is not allowed, drinking/partying was prohibited and the individual must attend a church. Religion intrigued me because it was strict and how it plays a major role in all characters' lives. Likewise, similar to Hinduism which is my religion where divorce is not seen as respected things to do as well as partying and drinking. Most of the characters are connected into Pentecostal religion, even if they don't follow every rule and regulation of that belief. A word "Sinner" (69) was very interesting because a sinner in this book implies to the soul who is in the religion but does not follow the restrictions that this religion implies and does not go to the church. I realize that every character in this book such as Clay, Cake, Alma, and an Anneth is sinners except for Easter. Anneth can be categorized as a sinner because she is in the Pentecostal religion but does not conform to their belief system. Being wild is restricted in Pentecostal religion, but Anneth "would sometimes come in at three o'clock in the morning, smelling of liquor, a cigarette always running her pretty hand" (17) and Easter also said "Anneth had been wild, maybe the wildest woman in Crow County, Kentucky" (17) which ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 36. Martel 's Life Of Pi Does Martel's Life of Pi treatment of religion give power to God or does it give power to works of fiction? Instead of giving power to the one versus the other, Martel is not trying to get the reader to believe in God, to prove his existence, but rather there is a justification of a person's individual right to choose in believing in God. Life of Pi doesn't try to question religion as an institution, but rather there is a focus on the debate between fact and fiction where "Martel's position is a postmodernist one, from the perspective of which God's existence has the same status in relation to truth and reality as Pi's experience of shipwreck" (Stratton 6). In Martel's work there isn't a focus on what is to be more believable in either fiction or religion, but rather how there are no other alternative in between the two. During Pi's journey in the first story, he does not spend a lot of time thinking on and expressing his religious beliefs. There is more of a focus on the energy he has going towards basic human survival. Though God seems to be a presence in life as he thanks God for his survival, " Vishnu preserve me, Allah protect me, Christ save me," he cries out shortly after he finds himself in the lifeboat " ( Martel 108). There doesn't seem to be a presence of God in the second, realistic story. There is mention of God, "God is notably absent throughout the events narrated, leaving human beings alone in the material universe, living in a state of exile from ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 37. Buddhism Belief System A belief system is something that answers unexplained questions about life and the universe. The belief system Buddhism is a philosophy, meaning it's faith in group of ideas instead of gods or goddesses. It was founded in India by a prince named Siddhartha Gautama who found enlightenment by meditating. A Buddhist's goal of life is to reachnirvana and be one with the universe. One of the oldest belief systems of the world, Buddhism, has affected the lives of its followers in many ways. Specifically, one way Buddhism has affected its followers is by not having a central authority that is more important or higher above the other people in this philosophy. Unlike the caste system in Hinduism, Buddhists are more equal and combined together almost as one single community. No one feels left out of or overpowered by a sole body. Instead of a structure of statuses, Buddhism... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Believers of the philosophy worship the founder of Buddhism in many places like at shrines, their homes, in public while making offerings of things such as flowers, food or even incense (Thurman, 2015). This is one's way of appreciating what Buddha has done for Buddhism and to show respect. Most Buddhists also meditate along with the rituals of worship. There are three special holidays that are sacred to Buddha. Robert A.F. Thurman wrote, "The most important holidays are the Buddha's birthday, the day the Buddha attained enlightenment under the Bodhi tree, and the final days of nirvana (passing away)" (Thurman, 2015). These days are celebrated on three different days when the moon is full on the fourth lunar month of the year. They are meant to mark very important times of the past for happy times of a true Buddhist. Ultimately, Buddhists' practices alter their life from what it would be without acting upon the ideas they believe ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 38. For an example, consider two alternative belief systems A... For an example, consider two alternative belief systems A and B consisting of beliefs A1, A2 and B1, B2 respectively. There are two beliefs in each system none of which can justify themselves alone. If A1 в†’ A2 and A2 в†’ A1, then there are 2 inferential connections in A and a high inferential density. Bonjour says this makes A likely. However, if only B1 в†’ B2 and not vice versa, then there is only 1 non –mutual inferential connection in B and thus a low inferential density. Bonjour suggests that lack of mutual justification makes the whole system of B unjustified since B1 must act foundationally. From this example, we can see that the coherence of a system is defined to be inversely related to the number of beliefs in the system and... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Ironically, even Bonjour's own account does not fully live up to this claim in the end. For clarity, this initial account ofCoherentism will henceforth be referred to as Non–foundational Coherentism. As is to be expected, the account of Non–foundational Coherentism is not without its flaws. Firstly, coherence is still too broadly defined by Bonjour to be useful. To illustrate the issue, consider two newbelief systems A and B. If A is more inferentially dense but B is less anomalous in content, how do you decide which belief system is more likely? Curiously, Bonjour is largely silent on this point despite its dramatic consequences. The effect of this observation might lead one to the same skeptical conclusion as McGrew's linear foundationalism. In fact, this account may be even more troubling; the total number of possible coherent belief systems increases exponentially with the number of possible explanatory beliefs since such belief systems actually inhabit the powerset of these explanatory beliefs. Secondly, assuming Bonjour's account of Coherentism, one might encounter a few corner cases where such an account will fail to provide reliable justification entirely. Consider the case presented by Olsson wherein two eyewitness accounts A1 and A2 describe an event E having occurred. In this example it is assumed that we do not know if E occurred or who is telling the truth. We first assume that neither account ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 39. The Mormon Belief System The Mormon belief system has many different principles that are unique and set themselves apart from other world religions, one of which being their views on cosmology. The Mormon cosmology belief is the description of the physical and metaphysical universe. Their beliefs on the subject are deeply engrained in the religion's basic faith; cosmology is related to the church's views on divinity, extraterrestrial life, pre–mortal existence, and the afterlife. Mormon divinity revolves around the core beliefs in exaltation and eternal progression: the idea that mortals will be given an opportunity to have leading roles in other heavenly kingdoms, themselves. One of the key goals in Mormonism is to achieve exaltation through Jesus's atonement; as a result they inherit godly attributes. Mormonism holds the belief that people who follow God's example will become like gods in the afterlife, having "all power, glory, dominion, and knowledge" (LDS Church 227). This belief that people may one day become god–like figures in the afterlife leads to the assumption that Mormons believe in the existence of other worlds like the one that we live in, that exalted people would be able to rule over. The teachings of Mormonism also include that the exalted will live with their earthly families in the next life and "have spirit children" (LDS Church 11), continuing the growth of their families. According to the Mormonism belief, exaltation is obtained only by reaching the most high of the degrees ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 40. Fideist Belief System 1.Fideism is the belief that the divine is reveled through faith rather than reason. Many strict Christian and Islamic believers adopted this belief system. Fideists believe that God created the universe. Although there is no visual presence of God, a fideist will trust their faith because it goes beyond what reason can prove. The Bible says that God created the universe in seven days and that is exactly what a fideist believes. Being persuaded into believing that something is true does not actually prove that it is true. For instance, as an innocent child you were convinced that Santa Claus is real and asked questions like "what do you want for Christmas?" but in actuality, there is no Santa Claus. Since you have been told a million of times about Santa Claus, you will still believe in one even if you are told otherwise. The fideist belief system does not permit testing your own beliefs to filter out the internal contradictions. 2. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Religious rationalist is someone who has accepted the existence of God and believes it should be consistent with reason and evidence. They are followers of God that believe that you can secure your place in heaven when God has decided for you to be in a better place. Some fundamentalist believed that science is in coordination with religion. They believed that God could be seen in the purpose of nature. Defect in science may cause a dispute between proof that God exists and the conclusions about God's existence. Religious Rationalists believe that the universe began approximately 15 billion years ago with a huge explosion, also known as the big bang theory. The scientific evidence became questionable after a minor setback with Darwin's theory. The religious rationalists have accepted that God does exist. In fact, they believe God caused the eruption that formed the universe. And if science was not involved in the creation of the universe then where does gravity come ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...