Learn Turkish language yourself with free Turkish lessons. Learn the Turkish alphabet and vowel harmony in Turkish language. Visit Dem Turkish Center for Turkish video lessons for self-study.

1. Learn the Turkish alphabet & vowel
harmony in this Turkish lesson.
Turkish Language Videos www.demturkishcenter.com/videos
Self-study Turkish language videos (Early Beginner / A1)
are created by Ali Akpınar © Dem Turkish Center
TURKISH GRAMMAR (A1)
Alphabet & Vowel Harmony

2. Merhaba!
I am Ali Akpınar, a Turkish language teacher from Dem Turkish Center.
I am creating short Turkish language learning videos for
learners who don’t have much time to take Turkish courses
and need to study themselves with short Turkish lessons.
In this Turkish lessons for early beginners (A1), you
can learn the alphabet and vowel harmony in Turkish.
Enjoy the lesson!
Turkish Language Videos www.demturkishcenter.com/videos

3. How to study this lesson
• They are short video lessons. Study the lessons either every day or
2, 3 or 4 times a week at your own pace.
• The duration of each page of the lesson is 15 seconds (except for
the pages with audios). Pause, study the page and play again.
• Visit www.demturkishcenter.com/videos for more Turkish video
lessons or www.demturkishcenter.com/a1 for more Turkish language
learning materials for early beginners (A1).
Study Turkish yourself with Dem Turkish Center!

4. Aa Bb Cc Çç Dd Ee Ff Gg
Ğğ Hh Iı İi Jj Kk Ll Mm
Nn Oo Öö Pp Rr Ss Şş Tt
Uu Üü Vv Yy Zz
1. Learn and listen to the Turkish alphabet.

5. X and Q doesn’t exist in Turkish alphabet.
C is pronounced as «g, j» (gin, jacket).
Ç is pronounced as «ch» (cheese).
Ğ is not pronounced. It makes the previous letter longer.
I is pronounced as nation, target, bacon.
Ö is pronounced as bird, girl.
Ş is pronounced as «sh» (shop, shampoo).
Ü is pronounced as student.
2. Some letters doesn’t exist, some letters are silent in Turkish language.

6. Hard Vowels
a, ı, o, u (The vowels without dots)
Soft Vowels
e, i, ö, ü (The vowels with dots)
3. Learn the vowels in Turkish. There are two types of vowels: Hard and soft.

7. The vowel harmony is the harmony (hard & soft vowels) between the last
vowel of the word and the vowel in the suffix.
1. If the last vowel of the letter is a hard vowel, then the vowel in the
suffix should be a hard vowel.
araba car arabalar cars
The suffix for plural nouns (plural –s in English) is «– lar / ler». This suffix is used in
two ways, either with a hard vowel or a soft vowel.
The last vowel of the word is «a», a hard vowel, so the suffix should take
«- lar» instead of «-ler» because «-ler» is used for soft vowels.
4. Learn the vowel harmony in Turkish.

8. 2. If the last vowel of the letter is a soft vowel, then the vowel in the
suffix should be a soft vowel.
ev house evler houses
In the same way, the last vowel of the word is «e», a soft vowel, so the suffix should
take «- ler» instead of «-lar» because «-lar» is used for hard vowels.

9. 5. Learn the types of suffixes.
There are 2 types of suffixes in Turkish.
A) Suffixes with 2 variations (- ler / lar)
B) Suffixes with 4 variations (- i / ü / ı / u)

10. 6. Learn the suffixes with 2 variations.
A) Some suffixes are formed according to the hard or soft vowels:
a) Plural Suffix (Plural – s)
a, ı, o, u - lar e, i, ö, ü- ler
arabalar cars evler houses
b) Locative Suffix (At & In)
a, ı, o, u - da e, i, ö, ü- de
arabada in the car evde in the house

11. 7. Learn the suffixes with 4 variations.
B) Some suffixes are formed according to the type of vowels (a, ı, e, i or
ö, ü, o, u) in the hard or soft vowels:
Suffix For Definite Object (The)
a, ı - ı e, i - i
adamı the man evi the house
o, u - u ö, ü - ü
topu the ball gölü the lake

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yourself every day or a few times a week and
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